JPH10318510A - Boiler for burning solid matter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate treatment of combustion ash while enhancing combustion efficiency by disposing a firing burner on one end side of a lateral tubular main combustion chamber generating combustion gas flow and disposing a boiler chamber continuously to a vertical tubular subcombustion chamber for settling and separating ash contained in the combustion gas on the other end side thereof. SOLUTION: When an RDF (solid fuel) is fed into a furnace body 21 and fired by means of a firing burner 23 and then combustion air is introduced in the circumferential direction into a main combustion chamber 20 from an air nozzle 26, the RDF is burnt in the main combustion chamber 20 to produce a gas flow. Since the gas flow advances toward a subcombustion chamber 30 while rounding on the inner wall of the furnace body 21 of the main combustion chamber 20, the combustion ash is prevented from depositing in the main combustion chamber 20. The combustion gas flow enters into the subcombustion chamber 30 where the combustion ash is separated from the gas flow and deposits on the bottom of the subcombustion chamber 30. Subsequently, the gas flow is introduced to a dust collector through a boil chamber 40 and a flue and steam is generated by imparting radiation heat to the water in a water pipe 42 in the way thereof.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solid fuel and a solid fuel obtained by using solid waste such as household waste and municipal waste as a starting material, and using the heat to generate steam. The present invention relates to a boiler for burning materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Out of the waste discharged from households and businesses,
Combustible materials including garbage (garbage) and paper sheets are collected in a sheet (film) garbage bag made of vinyl or polyethylene, transported to a garbage disposal site, incinerated there, and the residue Has been disposed of in landfills. Recently, it has been studied to reuse (recycle) not only incineration of this kind of waste. That is, after the garbage bag containing the garbage is broken, the first crushing is performed, and the metal is separated and sorted out of the crushed material (separated into a ferromagnetic material and a non-magnetic material). Of the solid fuel (Refuse Derived Fuel, hereinafter referred to as RDF).
), Burning this RDF, and using it to generate electricity.

[0003] In the above-mentioned RDF combustion system of the waste resource recycling system, the calorific value is large (4500 kcal).
/ Hr) and high combustion efficiency (70% or more), it is common to use a combustion furnace such as a stoker furnace or a fluidized bed furnace. In the case of using a stoker furnace, for example, RDF is supplied onto a rotating roaster, and the RDF is burned by an ignition burner.
It has been proposed to supply RDF after the temperature has reached ℃ or more and shift to steady combustion, and then supply air immediately thereafter (see, for example, JP-A-1-100005). In the case of a fluidized-bed furnace, for example, a medium (silica sand) is charged into the furnace body, RDF is charged on the medium, and air is introduced into the furnace to burn the RDF. ing.

[0004]

However, since the stoker furnace has a complicated structure and a large number of movable parts, maintenance and inspection are troublesome (repair costs are high), and a large amount of combustion occurs in the combustion part. There is a problem that the responsiveness of the combustion control is poor because it comes into contact with ash. The fluidized-bed furnace has a simpler structure than the stoker furnace, but has problems such as poor workability (complex control of the particle size of the medium) and a large pressure loss due to sand flow.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a solid combustion boiler which is easy to maintain and inspect and has high workability.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a supply port for supplying solid incineration material and an ignition burner at one end side. A horizontal cylindrical main combustion chamber in which a combustion gas flow that advances from one end to the other end is generated, and ash that is connected to the other end of the main combustion chamber and is included in the combustion gas flow flowing from the main combustion chamber The technical means of having a vertical cylindrical sub-combustion chamber in which water is settled and separated, and a boiler chamber for giving radiant heat of a combustion gas flow flowing from the sub-combustion chamber to water to generate steam.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The details of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a waste treatment system in which a solid combustion boiler of the present invention is used, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a solid combustion boiler according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. It is AA sectional drawing. As shown in FIG. 1, when the waste put in a plastic bag or a paper bag is transported to a disposal site, first, the contents are taken out by a bag breaking machine 1, and then a ferromagnetic material such as iron or steel is taken out by a magnetic separator 2. After the metal composed of the body is removed, the metal composed of a non-magnetic material such as Al or Cu and their alloys and the remaining iron are separated by the aluminum magnetic separator 3 and then sent to the crusher 4, where the primary crushing is performed. After that, the secondary crushing and specific gravity sorting are performed by the flash dryer 5 (light-weight specific gravity of paper, wood chips, plastics, etc., and garbage and other heavy-specific gravity. The crushed waste is collected by the dust collector 6). And sent to a molding machine 8 via a buffer tank 7, where it is compression-molded to a predetermined size and then housed in a stock tank (not shown), which is crushed on the way from the buffer tank to the molding machine 8. Waste and water removal and chlorine removal For (harmful substances reacts with CaO, the discharge concentration of harmful substances can be reduced.), CaO is added.

Next, the RDF stored in the stock tank is charged into a solid combustion boiler 10 where it is burned. The steam generated during the combustion rotates a steam turbine (not shown), and the generator (not shown) is operated. The steam sent to the steam turbine is collected by a condenser (not shown) and reused. In the above system, a part of the refuse taken out by the bag breaking machine 1 is sent to an incinerator (not shown), where it is incinerated.
The main ash discharged in this incinerator is melted in a melting furnace (not shown).

The boiler for burning solids of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The boiler 10 for burning solids is an RDF
Is supplied to the main combustion chamber 20 of a horizontal cylindrical shape, and the main combustion chamber 2
The auxiliary combustion chamber 30 has a vertical cylindrical sub-combustion chamber 30 connected to the first combustion chamber 0 and a boiler chamber 40 installed above the sub-combustion chamber 30. The main combustion chamber 20 has a cylindrical furnace body 21 made of a refractory, an RDF supply port 22 provided at one end of the furnace body 21, and an ignition burner 23. It is open and communicates with the sub-combustion chamber 30. Also, as shown in FIG.
1 has an air nozzle 2 for taking in combustion air.
5 is mounted, and an air passage 27 communicating with the wind box 26 is formed in the furnace body 21. The sub-combustion chamber 30 has a cylindrical furnace body 31 made of a refractory material having an open top and a closed bottom, an opening 32 formed in a side surface of the furnace body 31, and a lid member 33 attached thereto. . The boiler chamber 40 has a cylindrical body 41, an annular water pipe 42 arranged in multiple stages in the body, a water supply device 43 for supplying water to the water pipe 42, and heat in the water in the water pipe 42. And a pipe 44 for guiding the generated steam.

According to the above configuration, RDF combustion can be performed as follows. A predetermined amount of RDF is supplied from a supply port 22 into a furnace body 21 by a charging screw (not shown), and then ignited to a burner 23 for ignition.
At the same time, combustion air is introduced from the air nozzle 26 in the circumferential direction of the main combustion chamber 20. As a result, the RDF burns in the main combustion chamber 20, and a gas flow is formed. This combustion gas flow, as indicated by the arrow in FIG.
The incineration ash does not accumulate in the main combustion chamber 20 because it proceeds toward the sub-combustion chamber 30 while orbiting the inner wall of the 0 furnace body 21. The combustion gas stream flows into the sub-combustion chamber 30 where the combustion ash separates from the combustion gas stream and accumulates at the bottom of the sub-combustion chamber 30. The accumulated combustion ash is removed from the sub-combustion chamber 30 by opening the lid 32. The combustion gas stream is then introduced through a boiler chamber 40 from a flue (not shown) to a dust collector (not shown). Combustion gas flow into boiler room 40
The radiant heat of the gas flow is given to the water in the water pipe 42 on the way to pass through, and steam is generated.

According to the apparatus of the above embodiment, the main combustion chamber 20
Since the combustion ash does not stay inside, the treatment of the combustion ash is facilitated (the collection and handling of the ash are improved). Further, since a swirling gas flow is generated in the main combustion chamber 20, the contact between oxygen and carbon monoxide (CO) is improved, so that the combustion efficiency is improved and the combustion load capacity (the amount of combustion per unit volume) is increased. Is improved. Further, according to the apparatus of the above embodiment, since there is no movable member, maintenance and inspection are easy.

[0012]

As described above, according to the present invention, since there are no movable parts, maintenance and inspection are easy, and since a swirling combustion gas flow is formed, the combustion efficiency is high and the combustion is improved. The effect that the load capacity can be increased is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a waste treatment system to which a solid matter boiler of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a boiler for burning solids according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

10 boiler for burning solids, 20 main combustion chamber, 30 auxiliary combustion chamber, 40 boiler chamber

Claims (1)

[Claims] At one end, there is a supply port into which a solid incineration material is charged and an ignition burner, and a combustion gas flow is generated which travels from one end to the other while circling the wall surface. A horizontal cylindrical main combustion chamber, connected to the other end of the main combustion chamber,
A vertical cylindrical sub-combustion chamber in which ash contained in the combustion gas flow flowing from the main combustion chamber is settled and separated, and a boiler body that generates steam by giving heat of the combustion gas flow flowing from the sub-combustion chamber to water And a boiler for burning solid matter.