JPH10315753A - Refrigerating and air-conditioning device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the lowering of comfortableness in a cabin. SOLUTION: A refrigerating valve 6, an air-conditioning valve 7, an FIR valve 8 and a defrosting valve 9 for switching to an air-conditioning refrigerant circulating path 31, a refrigerating refrigerant circulating path 32 or a defrosting refrigerant circulating path 33 are installed at a refrigerating cycle 2. In case of a refrigerating evaporator 18 being frosted at the time of a refrigerating and air-conditioning simultaneous mode, the refrigerating and air-conditioning simultaneous mode is switched to a defrosting and air-conditioning simultaneous mode. That is, a condenser fan 3 and an air-conditioning evaporator fan 4 are switched on, a refrigerating evaporator fan 5 is switched off, and the refrigerating valve 6 is opened. The air-conditioning valve 7 and FIR valve 8 are periodically opened/closed, and the defrosting valve 9 is opened/closed periodically and alternately in relation to the air-conditioning and FIR valves 7, 8. Refrigerant can therefore be fed stably to an air-conditioning evaporator 17 even during defrosting operation, so that air-conditioning in a cabin in a refrigerated vehicle and defrosting of the refrigerating evaporator 18 can be performed at the same time.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerating / cooling apparatus capable of simultaneously performing freezing in a freezing compartment and cooling in a passenger compartment, and more particularly, relates to defrosting of a refrigerating evaporator and cooling in a passenger compartment. The present invention relates to a refrigeration / cooling apparatus that can be performed simultaneously.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been a demand for a refrigerator equipped with a freezer insulated from the outside to improve comfort in a passenger compartment. In order to satisfy this request,
For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-128915, refrigerant is alternately supplied to a freezing evaporator and a cooling evaporator connected in parallel to one compressor, so that freezing in a freezer and cooling in a passenger compartment are performed. Is described.

[0003] This conventional refrigeration / cooling system for a vehicle is a refrigeration system for circulating a refrigerant discharged from a compressor to a condenser, a liquid receiver, a decompression device for refrigeration, and an evaporator for refrigeration and returning the refrigerant to the compressor. A refrigerant circulation path, a refrigerant circulation path for circulating the refrigerant discharged from the compressor to a condenser, a liquid receiver, a cooling decompression device, and a cooling evaporator and returning the refrigerant to the compressor; A cooling electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the upstream side of the cooling evaporator, a cooling electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the upstream side of the cooling evaporator, and a second cooling electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the downstream side of the cooling evaporator. .

[0004]

However, in the conventional refrigeration / cooling system for a vehicle, if the refrigeration evaporator is frosted during the simultaneous refrigeration / cooling mode, the refrigeration evaporator is defrosted. To do so, it is necessary to stop the operation of the compressor. Thereby, during the defrosting of the refrigeration evaporator, the refrigerant does not circulate not only in the refrigeration refrigerant circulation path but also in the cooling refrigerant circulation path. No refrigerant is supplied to the cooling evaporator. Therefore, there is a problem in that the comfort in the occupant compartment is reduced due to an increase in the temperature and humidity in the occupant compartment.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a refrigeration system capable of simultaneously performing defrosting of a refrigerating evaporator and cooling of a cabin, thereby suppressing a decrease in comfort in the cabin during defrosting of the refrigerating evaporator. It is an object to provide a cooling device.

[0006]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the simultaneous refrigeration / cooling mode is selected by the mode selection means, the refrigeration refrigerant circulation path and the cooling medium are used by the circulation path opening / closing means. By periodically opening and closing the refrigerant circulation path alternately, the refrigerant is alternately and periodically supplied to the refrigerating evaporator and the cooling evaporator. As a result, cooling in the cabin and freezing in the freezer compartment can be performed simultaneously,
We can improve comfort in guest room.

When the simultaneous defrosting and cooling mode is selected by the mode selection means, the cooling circuit circulation path and the defrosting refrigerant circulation path are alternately and periodically opened and closed by the circulation path opening / closing means, thereby providing cooling. The refrigerant is alternately and periodically supplied to the cooling evaporator and the freezing evaporator. Thereby, since the cooling in the passenger compartment and the defrosting of the freezing evaporator can be performed at the same time, the decrease in comfort in the passenger compartment can be suppressed.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

FIGS. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a vehicle refrigeration / cooling device, and FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a control system of the vehicle refrigeration / cooling device.

A refrigeration / cooling apparatus 1 for a vehicle according to this embodiment includes a refrigeration cycle 2 driven by an internal combustion engine (not shown) mounted on a vehicle such as a refrigeration car, and a condenser for blowing air to a condenser described later. A cooling fan 3, a cooling evaporator fan 4 that blows air to a cooling evaporator described below, and a freezing evaporator fan 5 that blows air to a freezing evaporator described later.

The refrigeration cycle 2 includes various types of refrigeration equipment, a plurality of refrigeration circuits for selectively circulating a refrigerant through the refrigeration equipment, and circulating path switching means for selectively switching the refrigeration circuits. Have. In the present embodiment, as the refrigeration equipment constituting the refrigeration cycle 2, a compressor 11, an oil separator 12, a condenser 13, a receiver 14, a cooling expansion valve 15, a refrigeration expansion valve 16, a cooling evaporator 17, A refrigerating evaporator 18, a refrigerant / refrigerant heat exchanger 19, an accumulator 20, and the like are provided.

[0011] Only one compressor 11 is mounted on the vehicle.
This is a compressor that is driven to rotate by the internal combustion engine to compress and discharge the refrigerant. An electromagnetic clutch 21 is connected between the compressor 11 and the internal combustion engine to interrupt transmission of rotational power from the internal combustion engine to the compressor 11. The oil separator 12 is a lubricating oil (oil) for lubricating the inside of the compressor 11.
The oil returns to the compressor 11 through the capillary tube 22 and the oil flow passage 23.

The condenser 13 divides the refrigerant, which has been separated by the oil separator 12 and passes through the check valve 24, into the condenser fan 3.
Is a condenser that condenses by exchanging heat with the air sent by the The receiver 14 includes the condenser 13
This is a receiver that separates the inflowing refrigerant into gas and liquid and sends only the liquid refrigerant to the downstream side. Cooling and refrigeration expansion valves 15, 16
Is an expansion valve which corresponds to the pressure reducing means of the present invention and decompresses and expands the liquid refrigerant flowing from the liquid receiver 14.

The cooling evaporator 17 is disposed in an air conditioner duct (not shown), and exchanges heat of the refrigerant flowing from the cooling expansion valve 15 with air sent by the cooling evaporator fan 4. An evaporator that evaporates and cools air passing through the air conditioner duct. The refrigerant flowing out of the cooling evaporator 17 is supplied to the check valve 25.
Through the compressor 11. The air conditioner duct is installed in front of a passenger compartment (also referred to as a cabin or a driver's cab) of the vehicle, and an outlet for blowing cool air toward the passenger's head and chest is provided at the most downstream portion.

The refrigerating evaporator 18 is installed on the upper side of a refrigerating room formed in a freezer (not shown) insulated from the outside, and refrigerates the refrigerant flowing from the refrigerating expansion valve 16 into a refrigerating evaporator. The evaporator is an evaporator that evaporates by exchanging heat with the air sent by the fan 5 to cool the air circulating in the freezing room. The refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 19 exchanges heat between the liquid refrigerant flowing from the liquid receiver 14 and the gas refrigerant flowing out of the refrigeration evaporator 18 to turn the gas refrigerant into superheated vapor.
The accumulator 20 is a gas-liquid separator that separates the refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant-refrigerant heat exchanger 19 into gas and liquid and sends only gas refrigerant to the compressor 11. Then, the refrigerant flowing out of the accumulator 20 is returned to the compressor 11 through the check valve 26.

In the present embodiment, as a refrigerant circulation path, a cooling refrigerant circulation path 31 for cooling the passenger compartment of the vehicle,
Refrigeration refrigerant circuit 32 for freezing the freezer compartment of the vehicle
And a defrosting refrigerant circulation path 33 for removing frost formed on the refrigeration evaporator 18. Here, the cooling-use refrigerant circulation path 31 transmits the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 11 to the check valve 24, the condenser 13, the liquid receiver 14, the cooling expansion valve 15, the cooling evaporator 17, This is a cooling refrigerant circuit for circulating the check valve 25 and returning to the suction port of the compressor 11.

The refrigeration refrigerant circuit 32 is connected to the compressor 1
The refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 1 is supplied to the check valve 24, the condenser 13, the liquid receiver 14, the expansion valve 16 for freezing, and the evaporator 1 for freezing.
8. Refrigerant This is a refrigeration circuit for circulating the refrigerant heat exchanger 19, the accumulator 20, and the check valve 26 and returning the refrigerant to the suction port of the compressor 11. The defrosting refrigerant circulation path 33 diverts the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 11 from the check valve 24, the condenser 13, the liquid receiver 14, and the freezing expansion valve 16. This is a defrosting refrigerant circuit for circulating the evaporator 18, the accumulator 20, and the check valve 26 to return to the suction port of the compressor 11.

In this embodiment, a refrigeration valve 6, a cooling valve 7, an FIR valve 8, and a defrosting valve 9 are provided as circulation path switching means for switching the refrigerant circulation path. Here, the refrigeration valve 6 corresponds to the circulation path opening / closing means of the present invention, and is installed upstream of the refrigeration expansion valve 16 in the refrigeration refrigerant circulation path 32 and opens when energized. And a refrigeration solenoid on-off valve (refrigeration solenoid valve) that closes when energization is stopped. The cooling valve 7 is equivalent to the circulation path opening / closing means of the present invention, and is disposed upstream of the cooling expansion valve 15 in the cooling refrigerant circulation path 31 and opens when energized, and opens. The first cooling solenoid on-off valve that closes when energization is stopped (first cooling solenoid valve)
It is.

The FIR valve 8 is equivalent to the circulation path opening / closing means of the present invention. The FIR valve 8 is installed downstream of the cooling evaporator 17 in the cooling refrigerant circulation path 31 and opens when energized. A second cooling electromagnetic on-off valve (second cooling electromagnetic valve) that closes when energization is stopped. This FIR
The valve 8 is a component for performing FIR control that facilitates the flow of the refrigerant to the refrigerant refrigerant circuit 32 by opening and closing the valve intermittently, thereby facilitating simultaneous refrigeration and cooling operation. The defrosting valve 9 corresponds to the circulation path opening / closing means of the present invention, and the branch point on the downstream side of the oil separator 12 in the defrosting refrigerant circulation path 33 and the upstream of the refrigerating evaporator 18. It is installed in the middle of the refrigerant pipe connecting the junction of the side,
A defrosting electromagnetic on-off valve (defrosting electromagnetic valve) that opens when energized and closes when energization is stopped.

The electric equipment among the above-mentioned refrigeration equipment includes a cooling analog circuit 10a and a refrigeration analog circuit 10a.
The energization (ON) or the stop (OFF) of the energization is determined by b. Note that the cooling analog circuit 10a corresponds to an energization control circuit of the present invention,
The cooling valve 7, the motor 34 of the condenser fan 3, the motor 35 of the cooling evaporator fan 4, and the electromagnetic clutch 21 of the compressor 11 in accordance with the operation signal from the analog circuit 10b for freezing and the like. Change the energized state of.

The refrigeration analog circuit 10b corresponds to an energization control circuit according to the present invention. The refrigeration analog circuit 10b responds to operation signals from the refrigeration switch 42 and the defrost switch 43 and communication signals from the cooling analog circuit 10a. Valve 6, F
The power supply state of the motor 36 of the IR valve 8, the defrosting valve 9, and the freezing evaporator fan 5 is changed. A cooling switch 41 for instructing to perform a cooling operation for cooling the passenger compartment, a refrigeration switch 42 for instructing to perform a freezing operation for freezing the freezer compartment, and a defrosting operation for defrosting the refrigerating evaporator 18 are provided. Defrost switch 43 instructing to perform
Is equivalent to the mode selection means of the present invention, and is installed on a control panel (not shown) in the front of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

In this embodiment, as shown in Table 1 below, depending on the open / close state of the cooling switch 41, the freezing switch 42, and the defrost switch 43, the operating state of each valve (open / close valve state) and the like. By changing the operation state (ON / OFF state) of each cooling fan, the operation mode becomes
The mode is switched to the freezing only mode, the cooling only mode, the simultaneous freezing and cooling mode, the freezing only defrosting mode, and the simultaneous defrosting and cooling mode.

[0022]

[Table 1]

Incidentally, in Table 1, the opening means the opening of the valve (O
N), and closed indicates that the valve is closed (OFF). The opening of S1 seconds and the closing of S2 seconds mean that the cooling valve 7 and the FI
Opening of the R valve 8 for S1 second (for example, 4.0 seconds) and S2
An operation of repeating valve closing for seconds (for example, 9.5 seconds) is shown. Further, T1 seconds open and T2 seconds closed means that the cooling valve 7 and the FIR valve 8 are repeatedly opened for T1 seconds (for example, 9.5 seconds) and closed for T2 seconds (for example, 4.0 seconds). Show. Further, T1 seconds closed and T2 seconds opened refers to an operation in which the defrosting valve 9 is repeatedly closed for T1 seconds (for example, 9.5 seconds) and opened for T2 seconds (for example, 4.0 seconds).

[Operation of First Embodiment] Next, the operation of the vehicle refrigeration / cooling apparatus 1 of this embodiment is shown in Table 1, FIG. 1 and FIG.
This will be briefly described based on the above.

(Refrigeration only mode)
N, the cooling switch 41 and the defrost switch 43
When the FF is performed, the electromagnetic clutch 21 of the compressor 11 is turned on, and as shown in Table 1 above, the motor 34 of the condenser fan 3 and the motor 36 of the refrigerating evaporator fan 5 are turned on. The motor 35 of the cooling evaporator fan 4 is turned off. Further, the freezing valve 6 and the FIR valve 8 are opened, and the cooling valve 7 and the defrosting valve 9 are opened.
Is closed. Thereby, the operation mode is switched to the refrigeration only mode.

In the case of the freezing only mode, the compressor 1
The refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the oil separator 1
2 → check valve 24 → condenser 13 → liquid receiver 14 → refrigerant refrigerant heat exchanger 19 → refrigerating valve 6 → refrigerating expansion valve 16 → refrigerating evaporator 18 → refrigerant refrigerant heat exchanger 19 → accumulator 20 → The gas is sucked into the compressor 11 from the suction port through the check valve 26. Therefore, the refrigeration refrigerant circulation path 32 is opened, and the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 11 is supplied into the refrigeration evaporator 18. The air in the freezer chamber blown to the air is cooled. As a result, the temperature in the freezer compartment of the vehicle decreases to the freezing temperature (for example, -30 ° C to -20 ° C).

(Cooling only mode) The cooling switch 41 is set to O
N, and the refrigeration switch 42 and the defrost switch 43
When FF is performed, the electromagnetic clutch 21 of the compressor 11 is turned on, and as shown in Table 1, the motor 34 of the condenser fan 3 and the motor 35 of the cooling evaporator fan 4 are turned on, The motor 36 of the refrigerating evaporator fan 5 is turned off. Further, the cooling valve 7 and the FIR valve 8 are opened, and the freezing valve 6 and the defrosting valve 9 are opened.
Is closed. Thereby, the operation mode is switched to the cooling only mode.

In the case of the cooling only mode, the compressor 1
The refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the oil separator 1
2 → check valve 24 → condenser 13 → liquid receiver 14 → cooling valve 7 → cooling expansion valve 15 → cooling evaporator 17 → FIR valve 8 → check valve 25 It is inhaled into 11. Accordingly, the cooling refrigerant circulation path 31 is opened, and the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 11 is supplied into the cooling evaporator 17, whereby the air passing through the air conditioning duct is cooled, and the cooling air is cooled. Evaporator fan 4
The air in the passenger compartment of the vehicle is cooled by the cool air blown out from the outlet. Thereby, the temperature in the passenger compartment of the vehicle becomes the cooling temperature (for example, 20 ° C. to 30 ° C.),
The temperature environment in the passenger compartment is the one desired by the passenger.

(Refrigerating / cooling simultaneous mode) Cooling switch 41
And the freezing switch 42 is turned on, and the defrost switch 43
Is turned off, the electromagnetic clutch 2 of the compressor 11 is turned off.
1 is turned on, and as shown in Table 1 above, the motor 34 of the condenser fan 3, the motor 35 of the cooling evaporator fan 4, and the motor 36 of the refrigerating evaporator fan 5 are turned on. Further, the freezing valve 6 is opened, and the defrosting valve 9 is closed. Then, the cooling valve 7 and the FIR
The operation state of the valve 8 is periodically changed to a valve opened for S1 seconds and a valve closed for S2 seconds. Thereby, the operation mode is switched to the simultaneous cooling and cooling mode.

In the simultaneous cooling and cooling mode, while the cooling valve 7 and the FIR valve 8 are open for S1 (for example, 4 seconds), the cooling refrigerant circulation path 31 is opened and the compressor 11 The refrigerant discharged from the discharge port is supplied into the cooling evaporator 17. Further, while the cooling valve 7 and the FIR valve 8 are closed for S2 (for example, 9.5 seconds), the refrigeration refrigerant circulation path 32 is opened and the compressor 11
The refrigerant discharged from the discharge port is supplied into the freezing evaporator 18. Therefore, the freezing operation in the freezing room of the vehicle (freezing the freezing room to, for example, −20 ° C.) and the cooling operation in the passenger room (cooling the passenger room to, for example, 25 ° C.) can be performed simultaneously.

(Refrigeration single defrost mode) Refrigeration switch 42
And the defrost switch 43 is turned on, and the cooling switch 41 is turned on.
Is turned off, the electromagnetic clutch 2 of the compressor 11 is turned off.
1, the motor 34 of the condenser fan 3, the motor 35 of the evaporator fan 4 for cooling, and the motor 36 of the evaporator fan 5 are all turned on as shown in Table 1 above.
FF is performed. Further, the freezing valve 6, the FIR valve 8, and the defrosting valve 9 are opened, and the cooling valve 7 is closed. Thereby, the operation mode is switched to the freezing-only defrosting mode.

In the case of the refrigeration-only defrosting mode, the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 11 is supplied to the oil separator 12 → the defrosting valve 9 → the refrigeration evaporator 18 → the refrigerant refrigerant heat exchanger 19 → It is sucked into the compressor 11 from the suction port through the accumulator 20 → the check valve 26. Therefore, the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 11
Since the refrigerant is supplied directly into the refrigeration evaporator 18 through the defrosting refrigerant circulation path 33, frost adhering to the surface of the refrigeration evaporator 18 is removed.

(Defrosting / cooling simultaneous mode) Cooling switch 41
When the defrost switch 43 is turned on, the electromagnetic clutch 21 of the compressor 11 is turned on, and as shown in Table 1, the motor 34 of the condenser fan 3 and the evaporator fan 4 of the cooling fan are turned on. The motor 35 is turned on, and the motor 36 of the refrigerating evaporator fan 5 is turned off. Further, the refrigeration valve 6 is opened (or may be closed). Then, the operation states of the cooling valve 7 and the FIR valve 8 are periodically changed to the valve opening for T1 seconds and the valve closing for T2 seconds.
Conversely, the operation state of the defrosting valve 9 is T1 seconds closed and T2
The valve is periodically changed to open every second. Thereby, the operation mode is switched to the simultaneous defrosting and cooling mode.

In the case of the simultaneous defrosting and cooling mode, the cooling valve 7 and the FIR valve 8 are set to T1 (for example, 9.5).
While the valve is open, the cooling refrigerant circulation path 31 is opened, and the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 11 is supplied into the cooling evaporator 17. While the cooling valve 7 and the FIR valve 8 are closed for T2 (for example, 4 seconds), the defrosting refrigerant circulation path 33 is opened, and the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 11 is opened. Is supplied directly into the refrigeration evaporator 18.

[Effects of the First Embodiment] In the present embodiment,
When the operation mode is the simultaneous defrosting and cooling mode, even during the defrosting operation for defrosting the refrigeration evaporator 18, the cooling valve 7 and the FIR valve 8 and the defrosting valve 9 are alternately and periodically switched. The refrigerant can be stably supplied into the cooling evaporator 17 and the freezing evaporator 18 by switching to. This allows the passenger compartment of the vehicle to be stably cooled (cooled) while the refrigeration evaporator 18 is being defrosted, so that the temperature in the passenger compartment does not rise and the comfort in the passenger compartment can be improved.

When the operation mode is the simultaneous refrigerating and cooling mode, when the refrigerating cycle 2 is switched from the cooling operation to the refrigerating operation, the cooling valve 7 is closed even if the cooling valve 7 is closed. If the refrigerant pressure between the upstream branch point and the downstream merge point does not decrease to the refrigerant pressure (evaporation pressure) at the outlet of the refrigeration evaporator 18, the refrigerant from the receiver 14 is supplied to the refrigeration evaporator 18. Does not flow. Therefore, by installing the FIR valve 8 downstream of the cooling evaporator 17 and closing the FIR valve 8 when the operation is switched from the cooling operation to the freezing operation, the FIR valve 8 passes through the cooling evaporator 17 from the branch point. The refrigerant flow path length to the junction is shortened. Thereby, F
Since the refrigerant between the IR valve 8 and the junction is sucked by the compressor 11, the refrigerant pressure in the refrigerant flow path on the cooling evaporator 17 side drops to the evaporation pressure of the refrigeration evaporator 18 in a short time. Thus, it is possible to quickly switch from the cooling operation of the refrigeration cycle 2 to the refrigeration operation.

In this embodiment, the cooling valve 7 is installed upstream of the cooling evaporator 17 and the FIR valve 8 is installed downstream of the cooling evaporator 17. When the mode is the cooling only mode, the refrigeration / cooling simultaneous mode, or the defrosting / cooling simultaneous mode, a long time (for example, nighttime operation stop) elapses after the refrigeration cycle 2 is stopped after the refrigeration cycle 2 is operated. Evaporator 17
Even if the temperature of the compressor 11 is lower than that of the nearby refrigerant flow path,
Since the FIR valve 8 is closed (off), the refrigerant remaining in the cooling evaporator 17 and thereafter remains in the compressor 11.
It can be prevented from moving to the side. Thereby, the compressor 1
Since the stagnation due to the liquid refrigerant can be suppressed in the inside of 1, the liquid compression at the time of starting the operation of the refrigeration cycle 2 (when restarting the compressor 11) can be prevented.

[Experimental Results of the First Embodiment] Next, an experiment in which the operation mode is switched from the simultaneous refrigerating / cooling mode to the simultaneous defrosting / cooling mode, and how the detected temperatures change, will be described. . In this experiment, a temperature sensor (thermistor) was installed near the air inlet of the air conditioner duct with the air inlet mode of the air conditioner duct as the inside air circulation mode, the air outlet mode as the face mode, and four temperature sensors (thermistors) in the passenger compartment. A temperature sensor (thermistor) was attached near the air outlet of the air conditioner duct, and the temperature detected by each temperature sensor was investigated. The experimental results are shown in the graph of FIG.

As can be seen from the graph of FIG. 3, the temperature in the passenger compartment does not change much between the simultaneous freezing and cooling mode and the simultaneous defrosting and cooling mode. Therefore,
It can be seen that the passenger compartment tends to be stably cooled even during the freezing operation or the defrosting operation.

[Second Embodiment] FIGS. 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a control system of a vehicle refrigeration / cooling apparatus.

In the present embodiment, the refrigeration valve 6, the cooling valve 7, the FIR valve 8, the defrost valve, and the like are based on the sensor signal and the operation signal input to the refrigeration / cooling ECU 10 and a control program stored in advance. 9. Motor 34 for condenser fan 3, motor 3 for evaporator fan 4 for cooling
5. Motor 36 of refrigerating evaporator fan 5 and compressor 1
By changing the energization state of the first electromagnetic clutch 21, the temperature in the freezer compartment and the temperature in the passenger compartment are automatically controlled to the desired temperatures. Freezing and cooling EC
U10 corresponds to the energization control circuit of the present invention, and is itself a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and a timer circuit.

As sensors (detection means) for outputting sensor signals to the refrigeration / cooling ECU 10, an inside air temperature sensor 51 for detecting the inside air temperature in the occupant compartment, an outside air temperature sensor 52 for detecting the outside air temperature, and sunlight incident on the occupant compartment A solar radiation sensor 53 for detecting the amount, a post-evaporation temperature sensor 54 for detecting the air temperature after the cooling evaporator 17, and a freezing evaporator 18.
A refrigerant temperature sensor 55 for detecting the refrigerant temperature near the outlet of the refrigeration / cooling ECU 10 is connected to the input unit of the refrigeration / cooling ECU 10. As operation means for outputting an operation signal to the refrigeration / cooling ECU 10, a cooling switch 41, a refrigeration switch 42, a defrosting switch 43, a temperature setting switch 44 for setting the temperature of the passenger compartment to a desired temperature, and the like are provided. Connected to input section.

Next, the operation mode switching control by the refrigeration / cooling ECU 10 of the present embodiment will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation mode switching control by the refrigeration / cooling ECU 10.

First, each sensor signal and each operation signal necessary for the subsequent control processing are read (step S1). continue,
It is determined whether or not the cooling switch 41 is turned on (step S2). If the result of this determination is YES,
It is determined whether the refrigeration switch 42 is ON (step S3). If the determination result is NO, since only the cooling switch 41 is ON, a control signal is output to each refrigerator so that the operation mode is the cooling only mode (step S4).

Subsequently, in step S5, it is determined whether or not a control cycle time (τ: for example, 0.5 to 2 seconds) has elapsed, and then the process returns to step S1.
If the result of the determination in step S2 is NO, it is determined whether or not the refrigeration switch 42 is ON (step S6). If this determination result is NO, the operation of each refrigeration equipment is stopped (step S7). After that, the processing shifts to the control processing of step S5.

If the decision result in the step S6 is YES, it is determined whether or not the defrost switch 43 is turned on (step S8). If the result of this determination is NO, it is determined whether a defrost signal has been input. Specifically, it is determined whether or not a fixed time (α: for example, one hour) has elapsed since the start of the refrigeration operation (Step S).
9). If the determination result is NO, the refrigeration switch 4
Since only 2 is ON, a control signal is output to each refrigeration apparatus so that the operation mode is the refrigeration only mode (step S10). After that, the processing shifts to the control processing of step S5.

If the result of the determination in step S8 is YES, or if the result of the determination in step S9 is YES, the defrosting switch 43 is ON or a defrosting signal has been input. A control signal is output to each refrigerating device so as to be in the single defrost mode (step S
11). After that, the processing shifts to the control processing of step S5.

If the decision result in the step S3 is YES, it is determined whether or not the defrost switch 43 is ON (step S12). If the result of this determination is NO, it is determined whether a defrost signal has been input. Specifically, it is determined whether or not a fixed time (β: for example, one hour) has elapsed since the start of the freezing operation (step S13). If the determination result is NO, since both the cooling switch 41 and the refrigerating switch 42 are ON, a control signal is output to each refrigerating device so that the operation mode becomes the refrigerating / cooling simultaneous mode (step S1). S1
4). After that, the processing shifts to the control processing of step S5.

If the result of the determination in step S12 is YES
Or if the result of the determination in step S13 is YES, the defrost switch 43 is ON or a defrost signal has been input, so that each refrigeration unit is set so that the operation mode becomes the defrost / cooling simultaneous mode. A control signal is output (step S15). After that, the processing shifts to the control processing of step S5.

Here, when the operation mode is the freezing-only defrosting mode or the simultaneous defrosting / cooling mode, after a predetermined time (for example, 2 minutes to 5 minutes) has elapsed since the start of the defrosting operation, the defrosting switch 43 is turned on. Even if it is ON, the operation mode may be switched to the refrigeration only mode or the refrigeration / cooling simultaneous mode. When the operation mode is the freezing-only defrosting mode or the simultaneous defrosting / cooling mode, the temperature in the freezing compartment of the vehicle, the refrigerant temperature near the outlet of the refrigerating evaporator 18 detected by the refrigerant temperature sensor 55 or the refrigerant pressure sensor. When the temperature rises above the set value, the operation mode may be switched to the freezing only mode or the simultaneous freezing and cooling mode even if the defrost switch 43 is turned on.

[Other Embodiments] In this embodiment, the present invention relates to a vehicle capable of performing cooling in a passenger compartment of a vehicle such as a freezer vehicle, freezing in a freezer compartment, and defrosting of a freezing evaporator 18. Refrigeration / cooling apparatus 1 which applies the present invention to a refrigeration / cooling apparatus capable of performing cooling in a passenger compartment or a passenger compartment of a railway vehicle, an aircraft, a ship, or the like, freezing in a freezing compartment, and defrosting a refrigeration evaporator. You may apply to an apparatus.

In the present embodiment, the electromagnetic on-off valve is used as the refrigeration valve 6 and the cooling valve 7, but instead of the electromagnetic on-off valve, the cooling refrigerant circulation path 31 and the refrigeration refrigerant circulation path 32 are connected to each other. A multi-way valve such as a three-way valve may be installed at the branch point. In addition, although an electromagnetic on-off valve is used as the refrigeration valve 6 and the defrosting valve 9, instead of the electromagnetic on-off valve, a junction between the refrigeration refrigerant circulation path 32 and the defrosting refrigerant circulation path 33 is provided. A multi-way valve such as a three-way valve may be installed. Further, although an electromagnetic on-off valve is used as the FIR valve 8, a multi-way valve such as a three-way valve is provided at the junction of the cooling refrigerant circuit 31 and the refrigeration circuit 32 instead of the electromagnetic valve. May be installed.

In this embodiment, the cooling switch 41, the freezing switch 42, and the defrosting switch 43 are used as mode selection means.
A system that uses a timer circuit that outputs a defrost signal at regular intervals, but automatically switches the operation mode to the simultaneous freezing and cooling mode or the simultaneous defrosting and cooling mode according to the temperature in the freezer compartment and the temperature in the passenger compartment May be used.

In the present embodiment, the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 11 is supplied to the compressor 11 via the refrigerating evaporator 18, the refrigerant refrigerant heat exchanger 19, and the accumulator 20 as a defrosting refrigerant circulation path. Although the defrosting refrigerant circulation path 33 is used to return the refrigerant, the refrigerant discharged from the discharge port of the compressor 11 passes through the condenser 13 and the refrigerating evaporator 18 as the defrosting refrigerant circulation path. It is also possible to use a defrosting refrigerant circuit that returns to 11. Further, the cooling and freezing expansion valves 15 and 16 may be constituted by one pressure reducing means. Further, a capillary tube, a fixed throttle, or a variable throttle may be used as the pressure reducing means. Then, the compressor 11 may be driven by driving means such as a motor. Further, the oil separator 12 may not be provided in the refrigeration cycle 2. Further, the refrigerating cycle 2 may be connected to a refrigerating evaporator for performing a refrigerating operation for refrigerating the refrigerating room.

Instead of the defrost switch 43, a frosting state detecting means for detecting that frost has adhered to the refrigerating evaporator 18 may be provided. As the frost formation detecting means,
For example, a temperature sensor that detects the air temperature in the freezer compartment of the vehicle, a refrigerant temperature sensor 55 that detects the refrigerant temperature near the outlet of the freezing evaporator 18, and a refrigerant pressure sensor that detects the refrigerant pressure near the outlet of the freezing evaporator 18. Alternatively, a temperature sensor that detects the fin temperature of the freezing evaporator 18 or a temperature sensor that detects the wall surface temperature of the freezing room may be considered.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an overall configuration of a vehicle refrigeration / cooling apparatus (first embodiment).

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a control system of the vehicle refrigeration / cooling device (first embodiment).

FIG. 3 is a time chart showing changes in respective temperatures in a simultaneous freezing and cooling mode and a simultaneous defrosting and cooling mode (first embodiment).

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a control system of a vehicle refrigeration / cooling apparatus (second embodiment).

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation mode switching control by a refrigerating / cooling ECU (second embodiment).

[Description of Signs] 1 Vehicle refrigeration / cooling device 2 Refrigeration cycle 6 Refrigeration valve (circulation path opening / closing means) 7 Cooling valve (circulation path opening / closing means) 8 FIR valve (circulation path opening / closing means) 9 Defrosting valve (circulation) 10) Refrigeration / cooling ECU (energization control circuit) 11 Compressor 13 Condenser 15 Cooling expansion valve (decompression means) 16 Refrigeration expansion valve (decompression means) 17 Cooling evaporator 18 Refrigeration evaporator 31 Cooling Refrigerant circulation path 32 Refrigeration refrigerant circulation path 33 Defrosting refrigerant circulation path 41 Cooling switch (mode selection means) 42 Refrigeration switch (mode selection means) 43 Defrost switch (mode selection means) 10a Cooling analog circuit (energization control circuit) 10b) Refrigeration analog circuit (energization control circuit)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (A) a compressor for compressing a refrigerant; (b) a condenser for condensing the refrigerant flowing from the compressor; (c) a pressure reducing means for decompressing the refrigerant flowing from the condenser. (D) a refrigerating evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant flowing from the decompression means to cool the air in the freezer compartment; and (e) evaporating the refrigerant flowing from the decompression means to cool the air in the passenger compartment. An evaporator; (f) a refrigerant discharged from the compressor,
A refrigeration refrigerant circuit for circulating the refrigerant through the decompression means and the refrigeration evaporator and returning the refrigerant to the compressor; (g) a refrigerant discharged from the compressor;
(H) the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is circulated through the condenser and the decompression means to circulate through the decompression means and the evaporator for cooling and return to the compressor. A defrosting refrigerant circuit for circulating the refrigerant through the refrigeration evaporator and returning the refrigerant to the compressor; (i) a mode selection means for selecting a simultaneous refrigeration / cooling mode or a simultaneous defrosting / cooling mode among the operation modes; (J) when the simultaneous refrigeration and cooling mode is selected by the mode selection means, the refrigeration refrigerant circulation path and the cooling refrigerant circulation path are alternately and periodically opened and closed; When the simultaneous cooling mode is selected,
A refrigeration / cooling apparatus comprising: a circulating path opening / closing unit that alternately and periodically opens and closes the cooling refrigerant circulation path and the defrosting refrigerant circulation path. 2. The refrigeration / cooling apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said circulation path opening / closing means includes a plurality of electromagnetic on-off valves for opening and closing said cooling refrigerant circulation path and said defrosting refrigerant circulation path, respectively. And a power supply control circuit for controlling the power supply of these electromagnetic on-off valves.