JPH10313706A - Ground coating material laying method and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To widely, flatly and uniformly lay a coating material obtained by crush-decomposing low-grade used paper on the ground, especially a farm land, by preventing splash, improving adhesion and shielding rate to the ground surface. SOLUTION: At the time of laying the coating material onto a face to be coated while moving in a prescribed moving direction on the face to be coated, the coating material is discharged through a discharging port 8 having a prescribed width in a direction crossing with the moving direction and at least front and rear sides of the moving direction of the port 8, a water film spreading in the width direction of the port 8 is made to flow down to the surface to be coated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a soil covering material, in particular,
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for laying a cellulosic fiber (hereinafter referred to as a fiber) obtained by crushing or crushing low-grade waste paper on the surface of the ground, particularly on the surface of agricultural land.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Polyvinyl chloride film is used as a covering material for covering the ground surface in order to prevent the growth of weeds on farmland and to keep the heat warm. However, environmental pollution due to disposal after use and incineration during incineration. There is a pollution problem due to harmful smoke.

A so-called paper mulching method using paper instead of a synthetic resin film has been developed.
Although it is being introduced to upland farming, it has not been widely used because of problems such as high cost and work efficiency.

[0004] As a method of greening a slope generated in civil engineering work, a vegetation base material including plant seeds is supplied to a spray nozzle whose discharge port is slightly narrowed by a blower, and water is supplied to the spray nozzle. Thus, a method has been proposed in which this water is mixed with the sprayed base material on the upstream side of the discharge port, and the sprayed base material is sprayed together with the water onto the construction target surface (JP-A-4-247121).

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the above method,
Since the coating material mixed with water is discharged in a rod shape at a predetermined pressure from the nozzle discharge port with respect to the work surface, even if this method is applied to a relatively horizontal and flat ground surface such as farmland, the nozzle is Since the base material is sprayed on the surface of the ground in a bar shape with a constant pressure, it is difficult to lay the base material widely and evenly.

[0006] The present invention relates to a coating material which can be laid on a ground surface, particularly on the surface of agricultural land, in a wide and flat manner, to prevent scattering of the coating material at the time of laying and to improve the adhesion of the coating material to the ground surface and the shielding rate. It is an object to provide a laying method and apparatus.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided a method for laying a coating material on a surface to be coated while moving the surface in a predetermined moving direction on the surface to be coated. While discharging the coating material through a discharge port having a predetermined width in the direction intersecting with the coating surface and facing the coating surface, water is formed in a blind or film shape at least on the front side and the rear side in the moving direction of the discharge port. It is made to flow down.

To carry out the above method, the present invention provides a machine frame movable with respect to a coating surface to be coated with a coating material,
A coating material discharge port that is provided on the machine frame and extends in the moving direction of the machine frame and faces the coating surface, and a unit that supplies the coating material to the discharge port,
A water discharge nozzle provided at least on the front and rear sides in the machine frame movement direction around the discharge port, and means for supplying water to the water discharge nozzle, and at least the front side and the rear of the discharge port by water discharge from the water discharge nozzle. The present invention provides an apparatus for allowing water to flow down in a blind or film form on the side.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A covering surface, typically a ridge surface of a field, is provided with a discharge port having a width substantially equal to the ridge width along the extension direction of the ridge at a predetermined interval from the ridge surface. At the front and back in the direction of movement of the discharge port, causing water to flow down in the form of a blind or a film over the entire width of the discharge port. In the same manner, the coating material (fiber) obtained by crushing and defibrating the low-grade waste paper compressed and packed is supplied to the discharge port, and the coating material is moved from the discharge port onto the coating surface by its own weight and the wind pressure from the blower. Laying along. The covering material is placed on the surface of the soil after having been impregnated with water, and water is further sprayed thereon, so that the covering material can be closely and stably laid on the ridge surface. Pesticides and / or fertilizers can be mixed into the dressing or / and the water.

FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of an example of an apparatus suitable for carrying out the method of the present invention. 1 is a machine stand, 2 is a handle attached to the machine stand, 3 is a drive wheel, 4 is a caster, 5 is a hopper vertically installed on the machine stand 1, and 6 is a lid for opening and closing a coating material inlet of the hopper 5. Reference numeral 7 denotes a blower duct connected to the lower end of the hopper. Reference numeral 8 denotes a coating material discharge port at the lower end of the blower duct 7, which opens downward on the lower surface of the machine base 1 and forms a rectangle that is long in the width direction of the machine base. Numerals 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d (FIG. 5) denote collision plates which are attached to four sides of the discharge port 8 and their functions will be described later.

A part of the upper surface 7a of the air duct 7 forms a bottom wall of the hopper 5, and a large number of slots 10 having a predetermined width are formed at predetermined intervals in the width direction (FIG. 7). As described later, the coating material is sent from the hopper 5 through the slots 10 into the blower duct 7, and is discharged from the discharge port 8 by gravity and the wind pressure from the blower 11.

Numeral 12 designates 1 disposed at the upper part in the hopper 5.
With the next comb-type rotary defibrating mechanism, three rotary shafts 13a, 13b,
13c at equal intervals horizontally to the opposite side walls 5a, 5a of the hopper 5.
b, and a large number of defibration rods 14 are fixed in a comb shape at right angles to each axis and shifted by 90 degrees each, and the rotating shafts 13a, 13b, 13c are interlocked outside the hopper to rotate synchronously. It is made to be made.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a secondary comb-type rotary defibrating mechanism disposed at a lower portion in the hopper 5, and two rotary shafts 16a and 16b.
Are horizontally supported on the opposing side walls 5a and 5b of the hopper 5,
A large number of defibrating rods 17 are fixed in a comb shape at right angles to the respective axes and shifted by 90 degrees each, and the rotating shafts 16a, 16b
Is linked and rotated synchronously outside the hopper. In addition,
In FIGS. 1 and 8, those having a phase shift of 90 degrees from the defibrating rods 14 and 17 are not shown.

Numeral 18 denotes a comb-shaped rotary sending-out mechanism which can enter and exit the slot 10 and is arranged at the bottom of the hopper 5;
Rotary shaft 1 pivotally supported by opposed side walls 5a, 5b of hopper 5
9, a plurality of delivery rods 20 are fixed in a comb shape at right angles to each other, and the spacing between the delivery rods 20 in the rotation axis direction is substantially equal to the spacing between the slots 10, and the rotation of the rotation shaft 19 causes the delivery rods 20 to rotate. It is arranged at a height position where it can enter and exit the corresponding slot 10.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a prime mover mounted on a machine base, and its rotation output is transmitted to a pump 24 and a speed reducer 25 via belt / pulley transmission mechanisms 22 and 23, respectively. Reducer 25
Is transmitted to a driving wheel drive mechanism 28 and a secondary comb-type rotary defibrating mechanism 15 via belt-pulley transmission mechanisms 26 and 27, and further to a primary comb through belt-pulley transmission mechanisms 29 and 30. The power is transmitted to the mold rotation defibrating mechanism 12 and the comb rotation sending mechanism 18.

Reference numeral 31 denotes a water storage tank, 31a, 31b, 31
Reference numerals c and 31d denote water discharge nozzles arranged along the four sides of the discharge port 8, and the pump 24 supplies water from the water storage tank 31 to an appropriate pipe P.
Through the nozzles 31a to 31d.

32a, 32b, 32c, and 32d respectively spray water toward the collision plates 9a to 9d through water discharge holes formed in the water discharge nozzles 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d. The water impinges on the impingement plates 9a to 9d and flows down around the discharge port 8 in the form of a blind or a curtain or a film.

The low-grade waste paper compressed and packed into the hopper 5 is roughly crushed into a dumpling by the primary comb-type rotary defibrating mechanism 12 and further finely loosened by the secondary comb-type rotary defibrating mechanism 15 to remove the comb. The air is sent out through the slot 10 into the air duct 7 by the mold rotation sending mechanism 18, and is discharged from the outlet 8 by wind pressure.

When the machine is moved along the ridge over the ridge surface, water from the water discharge nozzle 31a in front of the discharge port 8 wets the soil on the ridge surface and is discharged from the discharge port 8 thereon. The covering material M (fiber) is scattered and laid on the ridge surface in contact with the collision plates 9a to 9d, particularly 9a. Excessive scattering of the fibers is prevented by the collision plates 9a to 9d on the four sides of the discharge port and the water film. The coating material M placed on the ridge surface is pushed by water from the water discharge nozzle 31b on the rear side of the discharge port 8 and is appropriately pressed against the soil surface to be stabilized. The discharge amount of the coating material can be adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the delivery mechanism 18. The amount of water injected can be adjusted by the speed of the pump 24 or by suitable adjusting means provided in the piping to the water discharge nozzles 31a to 31d.

The width of the discharge port 8 (spreading width of the coating material) can be adjusted, for example, by making the side wall variable in the width direction. Wheels 3 and casters 4 that cross over ridges
The distance between the left and right wheels can also be adjusted.

The comb-type rotary defibrating mechanisms 12 and 15 are not limited to the primary and secondary sets, and the number of rotary combs of each mechanism is not limited to three or two. In addition, a defibrating mechanism other than the comb type can be used. The number of slots 10 communicating the hopper 5 and the ventilation duct 7 is not limited to one, but may be a plurality of rows. In addition to the slot row and the comb-shaped rotary delivery mechanism 18, the coating material in the hopper 5 can be supplied into the ventilation duct 7. Other suitable means of providing adjustment may also be used.

The water discharge nozzles 31a to 31d are indispensable on the front and rear sides in the traveling direction of the discharge port 8, but both sides may be omitted. Further, the water discharge nozzle may be formed in a rectangular shape with a single tube surrounding the four sides of the discharge port, or the discharge port may be formed on all four sides or only on the front and rear sides.

The shape of the discharge port 8 is not limited to a rectangle, but may be an ellipse,
The chevron or other shape may be used, in which case the water discharge nozzle is also shaped accordingly. The discharge ports 8 may be arranged obliquely or obliquely to the traveling direction. Instead of or in addition to the handle 2, a seat may be provided on the machine base to make the machine a riding type.

[0024]

According to the present invention, by covering the soil with the covering material, the surface of the soil can be placed in various environments, and a combined effect suitable for growing crops can be obtained.

That is, in the defibration process before laying,
In the laying process, pesticides and fertilizers are mixed into the jet water.

After the laying, when the covering material is supplied with water by a sprinkler or the like, the heat of vaporization at the time of evaporation of the water decreases the geothermal temperature under the covering material. be able to. Over time, the covering material is miscible and decomposed into the soil, so that it is effective as an organic fertilizer, eliminating the need for removal work, and eliminating the problem of pollution and environmental pollution due to incineration.

In the laying step, since the coating material is sprayed in a dry state, the coating material is spread lightly and uniformly over a wide area to prevent scattering of the coating material discharged from the discharge port by a water curtain surrounding the discharge port. Wet the ground before placing the covering material, so the grounding of the covering material is good, and the water is sprayed on the laid covering material, so the adhesion of the covering material to the land surface is good, and the shielding rate of the soil surface is also good. As a result, it is possible to easily adjust the laying thickness according to the purpose of cultivation, and to easily add and mix additive substances such as pesticide fertilizers.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a schematic configuration of an example of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view as viewed from AA in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view as viewed from BB in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view as viewed from CC in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view as seen from DD in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing a discharge port, a water discharge nozzle, and a water supply system to the water discharge nozzle of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an air duct.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a coating material discharging laying operation of the apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Machine stand 2 Handle 3 Drive wheel 4 Caster 5 Hopper 6 Lid 7 Blast duct 8 Coating material discharge port 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d Collision plate 10 Slot 11 Blower 12 Primary comb type rotary defibrating mechanism 13a, 13b, 13c, 16a, 16b, 19 Rotary axis 15 Secondary comb-type rotary defibrating mechanism 18 Comb-type rotary sending-out mechanism 14, 17 Defibrating rod 21 Prime mover 22, 23, 26, 27, 29, 30 Transmission mechanism 24 Pump 25 Reduction gear 28 Drive Wheel drive mechanism 31 Water storage tank 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d Water discharge nozzle 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d Water discharge port

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Wataru Takahashi 3-39-6 Koishikawa, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Mihiro Paper Industry Co., Ltd. Inside Sana

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A method of laying a coating material on a surface to be coated while moving on a surface to be coated in a predetermined movement direction, wherein the coating material has a predetermined width in a direction intersecting the movement direction. Discharging the coating material through a discharge port facing a surface to be formed, and at least at the front side and the rear side in the moving direction of the discharge port, water is made to flow down in a blind or film form. How to lay ground covering. 2. The laying method according to claim 1, wherein the water is caused to flow down in the shape of a blind or a film over the entire circumference of the discharge port. 3. The laying method according to claim 1, wherein the coating material is made of cellulose fibers obtained by crushing or fibrillating low-grade waste paper. 4. The laying method according to claim 1, wherein a pesticide and / or a fertilizer is mixed into the covering material. 5. The laying method according to claim 1, wherein the water is mixed with a pesticide and / or a fertilizer. 6. A machine frame movable with respect to a coating surface to be coated with a coating material, and a coating material discharge port provided on the machine frame and extending in a direction intersecting the moving direction of the machine frame and facing the coating surface. And a means for supplying a coating material to the discharge port, a water discharge nozzle provided at least on the front side and the rear side in the moving direction of the machine frame around the discharge port, and a means for supplying water to the water discharge nozzle, An apparatus for laying a ground covering material, wherein water is caused to flow down at least at the front and rear sides of a discharge port in the form of a blind or a film by discharging water from a water discharge nozzle. 7. The laying apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the coating material supply means includes a hopper for charging the compressed low-grade waste paper, and means for crushing or defibrating the waste paper. 8. The laying device according to claim 6, wherein the water discharge nozzle is provided along the entire outer periphery of the coating material discharge port. 9. The laying apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising means for variably adjusting the amount of water discharged from the water discharge nozzle. 10. The laying apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a means for variably adjusting a discharge amount of the coating material from the discharge port.