JP2699059B2 - Wide-row seeder for paddy rice - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wide-row seeder for paddy rice. 1. In Japan, paddy rice is now required to be produced at even lower cost in response to the "Gut-Uruguay Round Agreement". For this reason, transplantation cultivation, which currently accounts for most, requires a lot of labor for raising seedlings and transplanting, as well as raising seedling boxes,
Since it costs money for a nursery house and the like, it has been required to develop an efficient and precise direct sowing machine using a variety suitable for direct sowing cultivation without this. 2. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is a sowing machine for direct sowing of paddy rice, which has an extremely wide working width of 10 m, and is a row sowing. It has features such as a low probability of stepping on rice even if it enters inside.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Heretofore, this type is as follows. 1. Broadcaster: It is a spraying method, and is a work machine directly mounted on a tractor, and is usually used for spraying granular compound fertilizer. This is an improved version for seeds, in which an impeller is provided below the hopper and the seeds are scattered backward by rotating the impeller. 2. Mist machine: It is a spraying method. Normally, there are a system in which a backpack type mist machine used for spraying powdery pesticides for controlling pests and insects is performed manually, and a system in which two baggage type mist machines are mounted on a small dedicated tractor. The mist machine drives the fan with a small engine, and the seeds are 1.5 to 2.0
m, and the seed scattering distance (dispersion width) is 15 to 20 m. In the dedicated tractor mounted type, the discharge cylinders of the two mist machines are directed to the left and right, respectively, and the total spray width of the left and right is 30 to 40 m. 3. Tractor direct mounting type A. Small sowing machine In the sowing method, a sowing device is retrofitted to the running part of a rice transplanter, and a seed feeding device, a sowing conduit, and a leveling plate are provided for each streak. The seeding method is precise and not affected by wind. However, the work width is at most about 8 and the working width is 2.4m
Below and narrow. B. Air blower type sprayer A hole is opened at the lower part of a single cylinder that spreads to the left and right at the rear of the tractor at regular intervals, and the seed is sent from the center of the cylinder with the wind into the pipe, and the seed is dropped from the hole to the rice field. It is. Structurally close to row sowing, but practically sowing. The sowing width is as wide as about 7m. C. Blowing type sowing machine With a tractor directly mounted type, the air discharged from the blower is temporarily stored in an air tank and sent to the seeding tube, while the seeds are supplied to the seeding tube via a hopper, feeding device and seed hose, and together with the air It is configured to squirt from the lower part of the seeding pipe to allow seeds to penetrate into the soil while eliminating surface water on the rice field. 4. Seeding by helicopter and airplane In addition to the above, there is an unmanned helicopter, manned helicopter and airborne sowing method.

[0003]

The above-mentioned prior art has the following problems. 1. Broadcaster Spreading width is about 3 to 4m and there is uneven seeding distribution. Also,
Since the seed collides with the impeller, the impact may damage the germ, resulting in poor germination. In addition, the seeds tend to be affected by the wind and cause seeding unevenness. 2. Mist machine The distribution of seeds is uneven, and the width of application varies due to the wind. Also, it is difficult to determine the boundaries of the spray. 3. Tractor direct mounting type A. Small-row seeder The number of strips is 6 to 8, and the working width is as narrow as about 1.8 to 2.4 m, which is low efficiency. B. Blower tube type sprayer The biggest drawback is that the distribution is uneven. C. Blowing type sowing machine The work width is narrow, 1.8 m, with the width of the work being 12 and 15 cm. 4. Seeding by helicopter or airplane An unmanned helicopter has a shortcoming that its payload is as small as about 20 kg, take-off and landing for replenishment is frequent, it is disseminated, and it is affected by wind. In the case of manned helicopters and airplanes, the disadvantages are that they are disseminated, that the seeding distribution is affected by the wind, that the seeding operation cost is expensive, and that a large area does not lead to cost reduction. In addition, the depth of penetration into the soil tends to be deep. In Hokkaido, research results have shown that the maximum depth is within 5 mm from the soil surface.

[0004] The present application has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide the following. From the conditions of rice cultivation in Hokkaido, what is desired as a flooded direct sowing machine is as follows. In order to solve these problems, the present inventors invented the wide-row seeder. 1.1 The sowing width of the line is 5 cm or less. (If sowing is a problem of lodging when growing, there is a problem. , Small loss of trampling in weeding, etc.) 2. Precise sowing with less than 10% variation in sowing distribution and accuracy per line. 3. To be able to sow as wide as possible to work efficiently on large areas. 4. Precise sowing without being affected by wind. 5. The seeding depth must be within 5mm from the soil surface even at the deepest. 6. To make the aircraft lighter and easier to operate.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is as follows. 1. The distance between rice paddies is 33 cm in Hokkaido,
It is a remnant of the shakukanuki method.
It was decided that the work would be a wide one (improve efficiency). 2. In order to improve the seeding accuracy for each section, a capacity type feeding device was used (improvement of accuracy). 3. In order to enable sowing of 33 lines at the same time as weight reduction,
The feeding device was collected at the center of the rear part of the tractor, and the wire from the feeding device to the drop port to each strip was connected with a slightly bent and untangled wire hose, and was conveyed by air. In order to reduce the size of the blower and transport the seeds smoothly, the hose between the falling port and the lower part of the feeding device is inclined (a mechanism that enables wide seeding). 4. In order to accurately perform the seeding amount per unit area, the grooved roll of the seed feeding device was driven by a ground contact wheel. There are two right and left ground wheels, which are connected by a chain to drive the grooved rolls of the left and right seed feeding devices from the center. 5. In order to facilitate operation, the right and left seed transfer tubes and trumpet-shaped seeding tubes that protrude from the center where the feeding device and blower are set and are supported by the boom can be folded forward with the base of the base as a fulcrum together with the boom. I did it.

[0006]

[Action] The action will be described together with the effect.

[0007]

An embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. 1
Is a wide rice seeder of the present invention. First, with reference to FIG. 10, the basic configuration of the rice wide rice seeder 1 will be described below. That is, the roll type seed feeding device 4 is provided below the seed hopper 5, and is driven by the grounding wheel 2A via a chain and a sprocket. A certain amount of seeds S enter the grooves of the grooved roll of the roll-type seed feeding device 4 and are sequentially supplied into the inverted T-shaped branch pipe 6 connected below. The air generated by the blower 3 is sent from one side to the inverted T-shaped branch pipe 6, and the seeds are sent to the seed transport tube 8 on the opposite side. Seed transfer tube exit 2 above the rice field
Through the narrow seeding pipe 9 located at about 0 cm, it is dropped on the rice field and settles in mud under flooding.

Next, the details of an embodiment of the wide-row seeder 1 for paddy rice are as follows. Reference numeral 2 denotes a pedestal configured in a plane rectangular shape, and left and right grounding wheels 2A are provided on the left and right lower surfaces of the pedestal. Are arranged respectively. The grounding wheel 2A is an iron wheel with lugs. Reference numeral 2D denotes a proper number of columns for the seed supply device planted on the upper surface of the gantry. On the upper surface of the group of support for the seed supply device, a frame 2E1 formed in a horizontal rectangular shape on the left and right as viewed from the front.
Are connected to each other to form a frame 2E for a seed supply device. In the case shown in the figure, two seed supply device frames 2E are provided side by side in the front-rear direction. Reference numeral 2F denotes left and right tube supporting columns planted near the rear corner on the upper surface of the gantry.
F1 is provided continuously.

[0009] Reference numeral 2G denotes left and right horizontal booms which are connected to the rear corner of the gantry via a pin 2G1 in a vertical state so as to be foldable forward, and the tip of the horizontal boom and the tube support column 2F. The upper end is connected to the tube support beam 2F2 which is continuously provided outward and downward. Naturally, the tube support beam 2F2 is also configured to be foldable forward like the horizontal boom. Reference numeral 3 denotes a blower provided on the front side of the upper surface of the gantry, and is connected to the manifold 3B via the duct 3A. This blower is a PTO shaft 2
B. In the figure, 2B1 is a pulley and 2B2 is a belt.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a roll type seed feeding device provided on the upper surface of the frame 2E for seed supply device, and reference numeral 5 denotes a seed hopper provided on the upper surface of the roll type seed feeding device. The seed hopper 5 is formed in a rectangular shape that is long on the left and right of the plane, and the roll-type seed feeding device 4 is composed of an appropriate number of roll-type seed feeding devices 4A connected to the lower portion of the seed hopper. The roll-type seed unloading device 4A includes a mountain-shaped partition 4A1 provided at a predetermined interval below the seed hopper, a case 4A2 provided between the mountain-shaped partitions, and a rotatable front-rear direction inside the case. And a vertical short tube 4A4 connected to the lower part of the case. 4A31 is a groove engraved at an equal angle. The shaft 4A32 of each grooved roll 4A3 is common, and a sprocket is attached to the end of each shaft. The sprocket is connected to the sprocket at the shaft end of the grounding wheel 2A by a chain. Roll 4A3
Rotates, and the seeds in the seed hopper are fed downward,
It will fall to the tube 4A4.

Reference numeral 6 denotes an inverted T-shaped branch pipe connected to a vertical short tube 4A4, which comprises a vertical portion 6A and a straight line portion 6B through which air flows, which is connected to the vertical portion at right angles. The part 6B is formed around the vertical part as one of an air supply part 6B1 and the other as an exhaust part 6B2. The air supply part 6B1 is slightly narrowed before being connected to the vertical part, and after being connected to the vertical part. The exhaust portion 6B2 gradually becomes the original thickness. Therefore, the portion where the vertical portion 6A and the straight portion 6B are connected has a negative pressure, and the seeds enter the seed transport tube from the inverted T-shaped branch pipe 6 while being sucked, and are transported to the outlet extending to the tip of the horizontal boom. Will be done.

Each of the air supply portions 6B1 and the manifold 3B of the blower 3 are connected by a predetermined number of wire blowing tubes 7, and each of the exhaust portions 6B2 is connected to various child transport tubes 8. A narrow seeding tube 9 is connected to the tip of each seed transfer tube 8. Therefore, the narrow sowing tube 9 is configured as a trumpet-shaped tube that is wide in the traveling direction and narrow in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. It is gradually larger than the area, increasing the diffusion of air in this area and reducing the escape of seeds.

The arrangement of the narrow sowing tube 9 and the seed transfer tube 8 is as follows. The narrow seeding tube 9 is
And at a predetermined interval parallel to the traveling direction on the front side surface of the horizontal boom 2G. The seed transport tube 8 is configured to have a smooth gradient (about 8 °) from the exhaust part 6B2 to the narrow seeding pipe, which is the outlet of the seed. In this case, the seed transport tube 8 whose tip reaches outside the width of the gantry 2 is laid along the tube supporting beam 2F2 via the tube guide 2F1 of the tube supporting column.

The following is an example of the actual configuration of the wide rice seeder of the present invention in the case where the interval between the lines is 33. 1. The wide-row seeder for paddy rice according to the present invention is for a 30 to 40 horsepower class tractor, and is directly mounted at a three-point link of the tractor. 2. A blower 3 and a manifold 3B, a seed hopper 5, a roll-type seed feeding device 4, a blower tube 7, and a seed transport tube 8 are provided on a gantry 2 located immediately behind the tractor. A horizontal boom 2G is attached. 3. A manifold having 33 nipples is attached to the air outlet side of the blower. The blower unit consists of a blower, a manifold (manifold) and 33 blower tubes, and the blower is driven by the tractor PTO shaft. 4. The seed hopper is a long rectangle on the left and right,
They are lined up. The lower part of the two seed hoppers has 17 and 16 roll-type seed feeding devices, respectively, and a vertical short tube 4A4 is provided at the lower outlet for each roll-type seed feeding device. An inverted T-shaped branch pipe 6 is attached to the tip.

[0015] 5. The drive of the roll type seed feeding device is
It is driven by the grounding wheel that supports the seeder during work. (Normally,
It is driven by one side of the grounding wheel. In some cases, two sets of front and rear roll-type sowing unit drive shafts may be driven by left and right ground wheels, respectively. 17) The roll-type seed feeding device is connected in a straight line with 17 and 16 pieces in front and back, and these drive shafts are connected to the right and left ground wheels by a chain and a sprocket, respectively. In addition, it has a clutch in the power transmission path,
The left and right roll-type seed feeding devices can be stopped or driven independently of each other. 6. 30 on the straight line at the rear of the platform connecting the left and right horizontal booms
Each cm is provided with a trumpet-shaped narrow seeding tube 9 having a wide mouth facing downward (total of 33), and the upper part of the narrow seeding tube is connected to the lower part of the roll-type seed feeding device by a tube. One of the straight portions of the inverted T-shaped branch pipe 6 is connected by a seed transfer tube (inner diameter: about 16 mm). The seed transfer tube has a smooth slope from the inverted T-shaped branch tube to the narrow seeding tube at the exit, except for the immediate vicinity of the inverted T-shaped branch tube.
The seeds can be transported smoothly as a smooth descent.

[7] The shaft 4A32 of the roll-type seed dispenser body having 17 and 16 parts respectively at the lower part of the front and rear seed hoppers is common, and each shaft has an end with a sprocket and is located immediately behind the tractor. When the chain is connected to the sprocket at the shaft end of the grounding wheel 2A attached to both ends of the gantry and the grounding wheel rotates,
The shaft of the roll-type seed feeding device rotates, and the seeds in the seed hopper are fed downward and fall into the inverted T-shaped branch pipe, from which air is sent from the blower to the narrow seeding pipe for discharge. Is done. 8. The blower and roll-type seed feeding device are mounted on a mount attached to the three-point link at the rear of the tractor, and the width of the mount is about 2
m, but the seed falling port and the seed transport tube exceeding this width are supported by the horizontal boom 2G. This horizontal boom can be folded by rotating its tip forward and diagonally upward with the base of the base as a fulcrum. This folding is performed by a hydraulic cylinder, but can be operated from the driver's seat of the tractor.

9. At the exit of the seed transport tube that drops the seeds on the rice field, a narrow trumpet-shaped seeding tube with a trumpet shape that is wide in the direction of travel and narrow in the direction perpendicular to this direction is provided so that the seeding width of one line can be reduced. . The seeding width per line can be within 5 cm. 10. After the tractor wheel has passed, a groove is formed, and when sowed thereon, the seeds are buried and germination is likely to occur.
To prevent this, a leveling plate 10 was attached to the front of the pedestal behind the wheels so that the mud was leveled. 10A is a chain. 11. The present invention is capable of sowing Karpa dressed seeds (the amount of dressing is about 2.3 times the weight of the seed), but naked seeds are also possible. In addition, the seed dispensing performance of the roll type seed dispensing apparatus is capable of dispensing an amount in proportion to the rotation speed of the drive shaft. It is possible.

[12] Seeding of wheat and other seeds in the field It is used for sowing of wheat and the like after plowing in the field, not in the flooded paddy field. The leveling plate is removed and each strip is equipped with means for soil covering. As means for covering the soil, for example, the chain 11 or the like is dragged. B. The work width is wide, and it can contribute to the improvement of the work efficiency of precise sowing and sowing, and at the same time, there is an advantage that the use cost can be reduced by using it for general use. 13. Spraying chemical fertilizers, herbicides, lime, etc. A. Used as a working machine to apply granular fertilizers, chemicals, soil improvement materials, etc. to paddy fields. In this case, the flat plate is removed. It is necessary to set the size and the number of rotations of the groove of the roll type seed feeding device according to the application rate, but it is possible to set the application rate precisely. B. In the case of non-granular materials, the agitator 12 is provided in the seed hopper so that bridging is not performed and the feeding is performed smoothly. C. It can also be used as a working machine in the field. D. The work width is wide, which can contribute to the improvement of the work efficiency of application, and at the same time, there is an advantage that the use cost can be reduced by using it for general use.

[0019]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained. 1. The blower is driven by the PTO shaft of the tractor to generate wind. 2. 33 wire-containing blower tubes are connected to the manifold (branch tube) at the blower outlet, and the seed transport tube is extended across the inverted T-shaped branch tube into which the seeds are mixed. 30c of horizontal boom
It is fixed downward using a mounting bracket (not shown) for each m. 3. By rotating the grooved roll 4A3 at the lower part of the seed hopper for putting the seeds, the seeds are supplied to the inverted T-shaped branch pipe via the tube. 4. When the tractor three-point link is lowered, the roll-type seed unwinding device is driven by one or two of two ground wheels supported on the ground. That is, when the tractor advances while the wheel is in contact with the ground, the ground contact wheel rotates, and the seed amount corresponding to the traveling distance is supplied to the inverted T-shaped branch pipe. The seeding rate can be changed by changing the number of teeth of the sprocket.

[5] In the inverted T-shaped branch pipe, air flows in the straight section, and thereby seeds are supplied to the vertical section from above. The straight section through which the air flows is slightly narrowed before being connected to the vertical section, and gradually becomes the original thickness after being connected to the vertical section. Therefore, the portion connected to the vertical portion has a negative pressure, and the seeds enter the seed transport tube from the inverted T-shaped branch pipe while being sucked, and are transported to the outlet extending to the left and right horizontal boom tips. 6. The arrangement state of the seed transfer tube from the inverted T-shaped branch pipe has a smooth gradient directed downward, and has a synergistic effect by air conveyance and gravity. 7. The seed transport tube outlet is attached with a trumpet-shaped narrow seeding tube that spreads in the traveling direction and narrows in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, preventing falling seeds from spreading left and right in the traveling direction. . The cross-sectional area of the narrow seeding tube is gradually larger than the cross-sectional area of the seed transfer tube, so that the diffusion of air in this portion is increased and the escape of seeds is reduced. 8. The seed transport tube has an inner diameter of about 16 mm, which reduces the weight of the horizontal boom and improves the operability while reducing the weight of the horizontal boom. The base has a width of about 2m and a horizontal boom is attached to the rear. The left and right horizontal booms are independently supported by the mounting parts, and the tip side is forward and obliquely upward with respect to the traveling direction. The horizontal boom is moved to the side of the folding tractor to improve road running. This fold is by hydraulic cylinder, but can be operated in the tractor driver's seat.

9. As described above, in the present invention, a roll-type seed feeding device is used, and by using this as a drive by a ground contact wheel, a precise seeding amount according to the traveling distance is obtained, and the seeding tube is placed in a smooth downward-sloping seed transport tube. The structure is such that the seeding machine can be transported in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction by being dropped and pressure-fed by air, so that a seeder having an extremely wide working width can be realized, and high working efficiency can be achieved. The seeding width of each 10.1 section can be extremely narrow because a narrow seeding tube is used at the outlet of the seed transfer tube. As a result, the seeding density in the seeding strip can be increased, so that a cultivation method in which lodging in the harvesting season is unlikely can be achieved.
At the same time, under the condition that the distance between the strips is constant, the unseeded distance increases, so that the rate of stepping on the rice when the tractor working machine travels in the paddy field for pest control and weeding can be reduced. Will have an effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view.

FIG. 2 is a plan view.

FIG. 3 is a right side view.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part viewed from the front.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part with a part cut away as viewed from the rear.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part mainly showing a seed hopper and the like.

FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a roll-type seed feeding device.

FIG. 8 is a rear view illustrating the state of the seed transport tube.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the principle of a seeding mechanism.

FIG. 11 is a front view of another embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of another embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a right side view of another embodiment.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of another embodiment.

FIG. 15 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Wide rice seeder for rice paddy 2 Stand 3 Blower 4 Roll-type seed feeding device 5 Seed hopper 6 Reverse T-shaped branch pipe 7 Ventilation tube 8 Seed transport tube 9 Narrow seeding tube

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A left and right side of a base (2) formed in a plane rectangular shape.
Left and right grounding wheels (2A) are provided on the lower surface, and the upper surface of the gantry
A blower (3) is arranged on the front side of
Of the roll-type seed feeding device (4) arranged on the side
Is provided with a seed hopper (5).
(5) is composed of a long rectangle on the left and right of the plane,
The seed feeding device (4) is connected to the lower part of the seed hopper
A proper number of roll-type seed unloading devices (4A)
And a roll-type seed unloading device (4A)
Are provided at a predetermined interval below the seed hopper
Between the Yamagata partitions (4A1) and these Yamagata partitions
Each case (4A2) and the front inside this case
Roll with groove (4A3) provided rotatable backward
And a short vertical tube (4
A4) and a vertical short tube (4A4)
The inverted T-shaped branch pipe (6) connected to the vertical section (6A)
And the vertical flow of the air
And a straight line portion (6B).
One is the air supply part (6B1) centering on the vertical part, and the other is
The exhaust part (6B2) is configured, and the air supply part (6B1)
It is slightly tapered before being connected to the vertical part,
The exhaust part (6B2) after connecting with the part gradually becomes the original thickness
And each air supply part (6B1) and the blower (3)
Connected by a predetermined number of blower tubes (7),
Various child transport tubes (8) are provided in each exhaust part (6B2).
Connected to the end of each seed transfer tube (8)
Are connected to the narrow seeding pipes (9), respectively.
(9) is wide in the direction of travel, and at right angles
Is formed into a narrow trumpet-shaped tube and
The cross-sectional area of the tube is larger than the cross-sectional area of the seed transfer tube.
It is configured to be progressively larger, and the narrow seeding tube (9)
On the gantry (2) and the front side of the horizontal boom (2G)
Arranged in parallel with the traveling direction with a predetermined interval,
The child transfer tube (8) is a seed from the exhaust part (6B2).
A wide-row seeder for paddy rice, characterized in that it is configured to make a smooth gradient to a narrow seeding pipe, which is an outlet of the rice plant. 2. An implant near the rear corner of the upper surface of the gantry
Tubes are placed on the upper ends of the left and right tube support columns (2F).
Guides (2F1) are connected to each other, and
Fold forward with the base via the pin (2G1) in the vertical state.
And the tip of the tatami freely linked left and right horizontal boom (2G)
It is installed at the upper end of the tube support column (2F) outward and downward.
Tube support beam (2F2) that is connected
The tip of the feeding tube (8) is outside the width of the gantry (2)
Reach the tube support on the tube support.
Along the tube support beam (2F2) through the guide (2F1).
The wide-row seeder for paddy rice according to claim 1, wherein the pipe is arranged as follows.