JPH10296268A - Water purification device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To keep the sterilization effect by flocculating the foul of suspended solids and the like underwater by a metallic hydrate formed by a flocculating means, increasing particle diameters, filtration moving flocculating lumps, feeding ammonium and reacting ammonium with a chlorine compound formed by a chlorine compound feed means. SOLUTION: Aluminum ions are eluted underwater by electrolysis by using a flocculating means 13. Eluted aluminum ions are turned into aluminum hydroxide of metallic hydrate underwater immediately, and aluminum hydroxide is chemically reacted with suspended solids underwater to form flocculating lumps and increase the particle diameter of the suspended solids. The suspended lumps are filtrated by a filtration means 14 to purify bathtub water. Then ammonium is introduced by an ammonium feed means 17. Also residual chlorine is formed in the bathtub water by a chlorine compound feed means 18. Ammonium ions are reacted with chlorine by the arrangement to form chloramines provided with the sterilization effect and keep the sterilization effect for a long time.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water purifier which purifies and sterilizes bath water in a bath tub so that the bath water can be used for a long time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional water purification apparatus of this kind is disclosed in
There is one as described in Japanese Patent No. 281280. FIG. 7 shows a configuration diagram of a conventional water purification device. This device includes a pump 2, a heater 3, and a purifying means 4 in which microorganisms are propagated in a circulation path 1, a bypass path 5 connecting an upstream and a downstream of the purifying means 4, and a residual chlorine in the bypass path 5. A sterilizing means 6 for generating the light was provided. By the operation of the pump 2, the water 7 is sent from the circulation path 1 through the heater 3 to the purification means 4 and the sterilization means 6 of the bypass path 5, and suspended and dissolved in the water by the action of microorganisms propagated in the purification means 5. Organic substances were removed. Also,
A bypass 5 is provided to prevent the microorganisms propagated in the purifying means 4 from being killed. A sterilizing means 6 is provided on the bypass 5 to generate residual chlorine. , Water was purified and sterilized without killing the microorganisms present in the purification means 4. Then, the concentration of residual chlorine generated in the sterilizing means 6 in water was set to 0.5 to 1.0 ppm.

As the sterilizing means 6 used here, an electrolyzer as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-31489 is used, and a non-diaphragm type electrolyzer for sterilization is used. JP-A-61-283391).

[0004]

However, the conventional water purifier shown in FIG. 7 has the following problems.

That is, since water is purified by propagating microorganisms in the purifying means, the concentration of residual chlorine generated by the sterilizing means is reduced to 0.5 ppm to 1.0 ppm which does not affect the microorganisms in the purifying means. The following concentrations were required and the bactericidal capacity of bacteria in water was limited.

[0006] Further, one of the causes of insufficient sterilization ability is that the required chlorine amount varies depending on the state of bathing water. That is, the residual chlorine concentration is 0.5 ppm to 1.0 p.
To make the concentration below pm, several ppm depending on the condition of bathing water
Chlorine as much as ~ several tens of ppm was required, and the amount of chlorine required for sterilization was different. Furthermore, the duration of chlorine greatly varies depending on the state of bathing water, and it has been difficult to keep the residual chlorine concentration constant. For this reason, depending on the condition of the bathing water, there is a case where the bacteria grow again after being sterilized by chlorine. That is, the sterilization performance greatly depends on the number of bathing days, and sufficient sterilization has not been performed.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a circulating means for circulating water in a circulating flow path, a filtering means for filtering suspended substances in water, and a metal hydration by electrolysis. A coagulation means for coagulating a suspended substance in water by generating a substance; an ammonium supply means for charging ammonium into water; and a chlorine compound supply means for supplying chlorine or a chlorine compound to water.

[0008] According to the above invention, dirt such as suspended substances in water is aggregated by the metal hydrate generated by the aggregation means to increase the particle diameter, and the aggregates are removed by filtration by the filtration means. Perform water purification. In addition, supply ammonium,
It reacts with the chlorine compound generated by the chlorine compound supply means to produce NH ₂ Cl (hereinafter referred to as chloramine) having a long-lasting bactericidal effect. As a result, the sterilization duration is maintained for a long time, and the sterilization effect is maintained. Also,
Since the consumption of chlorine by the reducing substance can be suppressed, the required chlorine amount can be suppressed to a substantially constant value regardless of the state of the bathing water. Furthermore, residual chlorine suppresses the formation of biofilms present in bathtubs and circulation channels.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention provides a circulation means for circulating water in a circulation flow path, a filtration means for filtering suspended substances in water, and a suspension in water by generating metal hydrate by electrolysis. The apparatus includes an aggregating means for aggregating suspended substances, an ammonium supplying means for introducing ammonium into water, and a chlorine compound supplying means for supplying chlorine or a chlorine compound into water.

[0010] The water sent to the aggregating means by the circulating means is mixed with the metal hydrate generated by the electrolysis, and the suspended matter in the water is agglomerated, and the particle size increases. At the same time that the particles are removed by filtration with a filter medium, ammonium ions are supplied by an ammonium supply means, and the water is sent to a chlorine compound supply means by a circulation means, thereby dissolving the chlorine compound in the water and removing residual chlorine having a long duration. It is produced and supplied to the circulation channel, filtration means and bathtub. As a result,
Bacteria that propagated on these walls can be effectively killed.

An ammonium detecting means for detecting the concentration of ammonium ions in the water is provided, and a control means for controlling the supply of 1 ppm or more into the water by the ammonium supplying means when the ammonium ion concentration is less than 1 ppm. .

The presence of 1 ppm or more of ammonium ions prevents the consumption of chlorine by reducing substances such as Fe and Mn, and has a bactericidal effect, and produces chloramine having a slow reaction rate to maintain sterilization. Hold time for a long time. For this reason, the chlorine supply interval can be lengthened and the required chlorine amount can be kept constant, so that there is no need to supply excessive chlorine.

Further, the chlorine compound supply means is a means for supplying a substance or a solution which chemically reacts with water to produce hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ions.

[0014] The sterilizing effect can be reduced by a simple structure in which a solution which chemically reacts with water to generate hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ions, such as a sodium hypochlorite solution, is supplied by a chlorine compound supply means. Obtainable.

The chlorine compound supply means is an electrolysis means capable of electrolyzing water and generating residual chlorine from chlorine ions in the water.

Further, since residual chlorine is generated by electrolysis from chlorine ions in water, it is not necessary to supply the chlorine compound to the chlorine compound supply means, and maintenance work is not required for a long period of time. As a result, it is possible to eliminate an artificial decrease in performance caused by forgetting to supply the chlorine compound.

Further, the chlorine compound concentration is set to 3 ppm or more, preferably 3 ppm to 5 ppm. Since the coagulation / filtration method is used, there is no factor for suppressing the concentration of chlorine, and it is possible to supply a chlorine compound of 3 ppm or more necessary for sterilization. Further, in consideration of the effect on the human body and the generation of chlorine odor, a bactericidal effect can be obtained in a concentration range of 3 ppm to 5 ppm.

Further, the apparatus is provided with a chlorine supply control means for controlling the chlorine compound obtained from the chlorine compound supply means to be supplied after the bathing time.

Then, by adding chlorine after bathing,
Chloramine produced by the reaction of chlorine and ammonia keeps the bactericidal effect for a long time and suppresses bacteria in bathing water to less than 100 CFU / ml by bathing time the next day. Further, chloramine is converted into nitrogen and volatilized when the reaction is completed, so that the bathing water on the next day has no chlorine odor, and a comfortable bathing is possible.

Further, the chlorine supply control means supplies the chlorine compound several times, and adjusts the total supply amount per day to 3 ppm or more, preferably 3 ppm.
The chlorine compound supply means was controlled so as to be pm to 5 ppm.

By injecting a small amount of chlorine a plurality of times, chlorine is immediately consumed at the time of each injection, so that there is no excess chlorine, the influence on the human body can be reduced, and the chlorine odor can be reduced. In addition, although a problem arises in that the duration is short with a small amount of chlorine, the duration of chlorine sterilization can be lengthened by injecting a plurality of times.

Further, when chlorine-sterilized water is detected by an odor sensor and shows a certain value or more, chlorine is removed by heating.

By heating, excess chlorine is volatilized, and by removing the chlorine, the chlorine odor is suppressed and the influence on the human body can be suppressed.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a water purification apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a bathtub, and 9 denotes a circulation flow path extending from the suction port 10 to the discharge port 11, and a pump 12 serving as a circulating means for circulating bath water in the circulation flow path is provided. Reference numeral 13 denotes an aggregating means, which is composed of an aluminum electrode capable of dissolving a metal hydrate in water and a stainless steel main body, and elutes aluminum ions into water by electrolysis using the electrode as an anode and the main body as a cathode. The eluted aluminum ions immediately become aluminum hydroxide, a metal hydrate, in water, and the aluminum hydroxide and the suspended substance in the water chemically react to form aggregates, thereby increasing the particle diameter of the suspended substance. be able to. In other words, in the bathtub 8 there are dirt such as keratin derived from the human body due to bathing, and bacteria that have grown as nutrients using organic substances dissolved in water. This particle size is 1μ
m and about 100 μm, so that it reacts with the produced aluminum hydroxide to increase the particle diameter, thereby removing the suspended solids. Purify water. Then, the ammonium ions in the purified bathtub water are detected by the ammonium detecting means 15, and the control means 16 operates the ammonium supplying means 17 for supplying ammonium when the detection result of the ammonium detecting means 15 is equal to or less than a specified value. Then, ammonium is supplied so as to reach a specified value.
Further, the chlorine compound supply means 18 is provided with a sodium hypochlorite solution which reacts with water to produce hypochlorous acid, and the amount and interval of the supply are controlled by the chlorine supply control means 19 to generate residual chlorine in the bath water. You can do it. Also,
Downstream of the chlorine compound supply means 18 in the circulation flow path 9, a heater 20 serving as a heating means for keeping the water in the bathtub 8 warm is provided.

The purification using coagulation with the produced aluminum hydroxide is affected by the hydrogen ion concentration in water, and is an optimum condition in a neutral region (about PH6 to about PH8).
When residual chlorine is generated in water by the chlorine compound supply means 18, the pH changes. However, if the residual chlorine concentration is 5 ppm or less, the change can be suppressed to such an extent that the purification performance is not affected. The contact time between the sodium hypochlorite supplied by the chlorine compound supply means 18 and water when the purifier is used and the number of bacteria at that time are shown. The horizontal axis is the contact time (minutes), and the vertical axis is the number of general bacteria (CF) present in 1 ml.
U) is shown in logarithm. (Log CFU / ml) Further, the supply amount of sodium hypochlorite was set to 1, 3, 5, and 5 with respect to 170 L of water in the bathtub 8 by the chlorine supply control means 19.
Controlled to be ppm.

Based on the results, 10
In order to make it less than 0 CFU / ml, chlorine is about 3 ppm and about 3 ppm.
It turns out that a contact time of 0 minutes is necessary.

Further, when 5 ppm of chlorine was introduced, the concentration was reduced to 100 CFU / ml or less in about 15 minutes, and a high sterilization effect was confirmed. However, with chlorine at a low concentration of 1 ppm, there was only a slight change after 15 minutes, and even if the contact time was 60 minutes, the number of bacteria was 300 CFU / ml, and it was found that there was a problem in the bactericidal effect. In other words, in the conventional water purification apparatus using microorganisms, it was necessary to suppress the residual chlorine to within 0.5 ppm to 1.0 ppm, and thus, sufficient sterilization was not performed. Since there is no chlorine, 3 ppm to 5 ppm or more of chlorine shown in FIG. 2 can be added, so that a sufficient bactericidal effect can be obtained and the bactericidal performance can be improved.

Further, in the present invention, when the result detected by the ammonium detecting means 15 is equal to or less than a specified value by the control means 16, ammonium ions are supplied by the ammonium supplying means 17. This is because the required amount of chlorine varies depending on the state of water in the bathtub 8 even when the effective chlorine concentration at which a sterilizing effect is obtained is supplied by the chlorine compound supply means 18 as shown in FIG.

As an example, FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show residual chlorine (free residual chlorine and chlorine) when approximately 4 ppm of chlorine is brought into contact with water.
The relationship between the total residual chlorine) and the contact time was shown.

On the horizontal axis, the contact time (minute) is displayed in logarithm. The vertical axis indicates the residual chlorine concentration which is an indicator of sterilization.
The difference between FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 lies in the number of bath days, and FIG.
4 shows water immediately after bathing, and FIG. 4 shows water immediately after bathing. The bather, the number of bathing days, and the bathing time are the same.

From the results in FIG. 3, free residual chlorine was 1.2 ppm.
Although it has decreased with the passage of time, the total residual chlorine concentration has been maintained at 4 ppm for about 2 hours after being added.
It decreases at a rate of 0.3 ppm / h. At this time, the number of general bacteria was 45,000 in about 15 minutes as shown in FIG.
/ Ml was killed, and the bactericidal performance continued, and even after 18 hours, the bacterial count was below the detection limit.

However, in the case of bathing for one day shown in FIG. 4, the total residual chlorine rapidly decreased with the contact time, and the general bacteria were killed 15 minutes after the chlorine contact, but after 5 hours, Is about 100 CFU / ml, 1200 hours after 6 hours, 2000 days after 18 hours
It grew to U / ml. In other words, it can be seen that the duration of sterilization decreases with a decrease in the total residual chlorine. Therefore, even if the same amount of chlorine is added, the sterilization performance varies depending on the state of water. In other words, when applied to a 24-hour bath or the like, sterilization requires changing the amount of chlorine to be supplied depending on the number of days of bathing and the number of bathers, and it is very difficult to keep the residual chlorine constant. Therefore, there arises a problem that a sufficient sterilizing effect cannot be obtained. But,
In order to solve this problem, the present invention supplies ammonium ions.

In FIG. 5, ammonium ions were added to the same water, and 0.55 (without ammonium ions) were added.
Five kinds of samples were prepared so as to have a concentration of 1.5, 2, and 4 ppm, and about 4 ppm of sodium hypochlorite was added to each sample, and the total residual chlorine after contacting for about 60 minutes was shown. The horizontal axis shows the ammonium ion concentration (ppm), and the vertical axis shows the total residual chlorine concentration (ppm).

From these results, it can be seen that the presence of the ammonium ion at a predetermined value, that is, 1.0 ppm or more, allows the residual chlorine to continue for a long time.

This is because, due to the presence of ammonium ions in the water, chlorine is reacted with a reducing substance such as Fe, Mn or H ₂ S before it is consumed. Is to be generated. In addition, chloramine has a slow reaction rate,
Long lasting bactericidal effect. For this reason, the chlorine injection interval can be lengthened and the reaction with the reducing substance can be suppressed, so that the required chlorine amount can be kept constant, and there is no need to input excessive chlorine, and sufficient sterilization performance is obtained. Could be obtained.

(Embodiment 2) In this embodiment 2, the chlorine compound supply means 18 is an electrolysis tank capable of producing residual chlorine from chlorine ions in water by electrolysis. Electrolysis of chlorine ions produces residual chlorine such as hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ions. Therefore, it is not necessary to supply the chlorine compound to the chlorine compound supply means in order to maintain the residual chlorine concentration. Further, since ammonium ions are supplied by the ammonium supply means 17, it is not necessary to change the generation amount of residual chlorine in accordance with the state of bathing water. The same effect as in Example 1 was obtained, in which the performance was stable without being affected by the number of bathing days.

(Third Embodiment) In the third embodiment, the bathing end time is set in the chlorine supply control means 19, whereby the chlorine supply control means 19 automatically switches from the chlorine compound supply means 18 after the bathing is completed. Control is performed so that the chlorine compound is injected once a day so that the bath water becomes 3 ppm to 5 ppm.

As described in Example 1, the bactericidal effect is prolonged due to the presence of ammonium ions. Therefore, even after one day, the number of bacteria is less than 100 CFU / ml, and the bactericidal effect is recognized. Furthermore, since it is added after bathing, the chlorine odor due to chlorine injection disappears, and when the residual chlorine concentration is also 5 ppm, it is reduced to about 1 ppm the next day, so that no harm to the skin occurs. In other words, bath water was sterilized by adding chlorine after bathing, and harmless to chlorine odor and skin.

Further, although excessive chlorine input is effective for sterilization performance, it is understood that chlorine input is desirably 3 ppm to 5 ppm as described in Example 1 in consideration of chlorine odor and the effect on the human body.

Even if chlorine of 3 ppm or more is not supplied at once after bathing, chlorine is supplied several times and the chlorine supply control means 19 controls the total supplied amount to 3 ppm or more. was gotten. Also, by injecting a small amount of chlorine several times, all chlorine was immediately used for sterilization at the time of chlorine injection, and it was possible to suppress the generation of chlorine odor due to excessive chlorine more than necessary for sterilization. . Furthermore, the duration of sterilization can be extended by adding several times.

(Embodiment 4) FIG. 6 shows a configuration diagram of a water purification apparatus of Embodiment 4.

The odor sensor 21 is provided on the downstream side of the chlorine compound supply means 18 of the water purification apparatus described in the first embodiment, and detects the chlorine odor of water supplied with chlorine by the chlorine compound supply means 18. Then, when a value detected by a human is equal to or greater than a value that can be detected as chlorine odor, the heater 20 is used to heat and evaporate excess chlorine. The other parts are the same as those in the embodiment of FIG. With this configuration, bath tub water sterilized by chlorine by the chlorine supply means 18 detects chlorine odor by the odor sensor 21, is kept warm by the heater 20, and is sent from the discharge port 11 to the bath tub 8. At this time, the odor sensor 21 detects the presence or absence of excess chlorine more than necessary for sterilization, and transmits a detection signal to the heater 20 when excess chlorine is detected. Heater 20
Heats and volatilizes chlorine until the detection signal falls below a certain specified value. Bathing water from which excess chlorine has been removed by heating is sent into the bathtub through the outlet 11. As a result, it was possible to remove the discomfort of the chlorine odor generated by the presence of excessive chlorine, and to further suppress harm to the skin.

[0044]

As apparent from the above description, the water purifying apparatus of the present invention has the following effects.

(1) By supplying ammonium ions, the required amount of chlorine becomes a constant value irrespective of the state of bathing water, and there is no need to change the supply amount of the chlorine compound supply means.

Furthermore, since the ammonium ion and chlorine react with each other to produce chloramine having a bactericidal effect, the bactericidal effect is maintained and sterilization can be performed without the need to add excessive chlorine.

(2) When the ammonium ion is below a predetermined value by the ammonium detecting means, the control means feeds the ammonium ion to at least the predetermined value by the ammonium supply means to keep the required amount of chlorine constant. In addition, a long-term sterilizing effect can be maintained. In other words, the presence of ammonium ions of a predetermined value or more suppresses the reaction of ammonium with a reducing substance not related to sterilization, so that sterilization can be performed with a small amount of chlorine regardless of the state of bath water.

(3) The chlorine compound supply means supplies a solution or an object which produces hypochlorous acid by reacting with water such as sodium hypochlorite, so that chlorine is easily introduced into water. It is possible to sterilize with a simple configuration.

(4) Since the chlorine compound supply means is an electrolysis means capable of being generated by electrolysis from chlorine ions in water, residual chlorine is generated from chlorine ions in water. Since replenishment is not required and maintenance work is not required for a long period of time, artificial performance degradation due to forgetting to supply a chlorine compound can be eliminated.

(5) The chlorine compound can be added in an amount of 3 ppm or more, and a necessary bactericidal effect is obtained. In addition, 3
By injecting a chlorine concentration of ppm to 5 ppm, water can be sterilized and purified without harm to bathtubs and bathers.

(6) By supplying chlorine after the bathing is completed by the chlorine supply control means, it is possible to provide water which is sterilized at the time of bathing the next day and which has no harm to the skin due to chlorine odor or residual chlorine.

(7) Excess chlorine is added multiple times by the chlorine supply control means so that the total amount is 3 ppm or more, preferably 3 to 5 ppm considering the effect of chlorine odor and residual chlorine on the skin. And the generation of chlorine odor can be suppressed.

(8) By providing an odor sensor, if a certain specified value is exceeded, it is considered that excessive chlorine is charged, and the chlorine is volatilized by heating. As a result, it has become possible to suppress chlorine odor and harm to the human body due to chlorine.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a water purification device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between chlorine contact time and the number of common bacteria in Example 1.

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a chlorine contact time and a residual chlorine concentration one day after bathing in Example 1.

FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between a chlorine contact time and a residual chlorine concentration two days after bathing in Example 1.

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between an ammonium ion concentration and a residual chlorine concentration in Example 1;

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a water purification device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a conventional water purification device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 8 bathtub 10 suction port 11 discharge port 12 pump (circulation means) 13 coagulation means 14 filtration means 15 ammonium detection means 16 control means 17 chlorine compound supply means 18 chlorine supply control means 19 heater 20 odor sensor

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── front page continued (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ identifications FI C02F 1/50 550 C02F 1/50 550H 550L 560 560A 560F 560Z A47K 3/00 A47K 3/00 K B01D 35/027 C02F 1/46 Z C02F 1/46 1/76 A 1/463 B01D 35/02 J 1/465 C02F 1/46 102 1/76 (72) Inventor Takemi Oketa 1006 Kazuma, Kazuma, Kadoma, Osaka Prefecture

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A circulating means for circulating water in a circulation channel, a filtering means for filtering suspended matter in water, and an agglomeration for aggregating suspended matter in water by generating metal hydrate by electrolysis. A water purification apparatus comprising: a means for supplying ammonium to water; an ammonium supply means for supplying ammonium into water; and a chlorine compound supply means for supplying chlorine or a chlorine compound to water. 2. An ammonium detecting means for detecting the concentration of ammonium ions in water, and a control means for controlling the ammonium supply means so as to input ammonium ions at a predetermined value or more when a detection signal from the ammonium detecting means is less than a predetermined value. The water purification device according to claim 1, comprising: 3. The water purifying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the chlorine compound supply means supplies a substance or a solution which chemically reacts with water to generate hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ions. 4. The chlorine compound supply means electrolyzes water,
The water purification device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a chlorine compound is generated in water from chlorine ions in the water. 5. The water purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the chlorine compound concentration is at least 3 ppm or more. 6. The water purifying apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a chlorine charging control means for controlling a chlorine compound to be charged after bathing. 7. The chlorine injection control means is configured to adjust the total amount of daily injection to 3
The water purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the chlorine compound supply means is drive-controlled a plurality of times so as to be at least ppm. 8. An odor sensor and a heating means, wherein when the chlorine odor is higher than a specified value, the water sterilized by the chlorine compound supply means is heated and heated until the chlorine odor becomes lower than the specified value. 8. Any one of claims 1 to 7 for removing.
The water purification device according to any one of the preceding claims.