JPH10280880A - Boring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a boring machine having large boring capability with a small diameter. SOLUTION: This boring machine is so constructed that a roller cutter 19 and a turning tool cutter on a cutter head part 3 which is provided on the forward end part in the advance direction of a shield main body 1 and can be rotated to the shield main body 1, and the cutter head part 3 is provided with a jet nozzle 21 for jetting a water jet to a material to be bored. The material to be bored is primary-crushed by the water jet, the material to be bored is secondary-crushed by the thrust and rotation of the cutter head part 3, and the crushed material to be bored is discharged by a screw conveyer 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutter head provided with a roller cutter and a bite cutter at a cutter head provided at a tip end of a shield main body in a digging direction and rotatable with respect to the shield main body. The present invention relates to an improvement of an excavator that crushes excavated material by thrust and rotation of the excavated material and discharges the crushed excavated material by a screw conveyor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a shield excavator (excavator) has a roller cutter and a bite cutter provided at a cutter head provided at a tip of a shield main body in the excavation direction and rotatable with respect to the shield main body. There is known an apparatus which crushes excavated matter by the thrust and rotation of a cutter head and discharges the crushed excavated matter by a screw conveyor.

In this apparatus, excavated materials such as earth and sand, gravels and cobblestones are crushed and crushed by the action of a bite cutter based on the thrust applied to the cutter head and the rolling operation of a roller cutter based on the rotation of the cutter head. The excavated material is continuously discharged by a screw conveyor, and excavation is performed.

[0004]

However, excavated materials include high-strength gravel layers and cobblestones, which are difficult to anticipate during excavation even after a preliminary geological survey. May be encountered.

In such a case, the thrust applied to the cutter head and the axial strength of the roller cutter are limited. In such a case, the excavation work by the excavator is temporarily stopped, and the gravel layer which has been obstructed by another means is disturbed. , Removing cobblestones, avoiding the obstacles, or preparing drilling machines with excavation ability higher than necessary from the beginning, The work plan has been forced to change, which has become a problem.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an excavator having a large excavating ability even with a small diameter.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an excavator having a roller head and a bite cutter provided at a tip end of a shield main body in a direction of excavation and rotatable with respect to the shield main body. In an excavator that crushes excavated material by the thrust and rotation of the cutter head portion and discharges the crushed excavated material by a screw conveyor, A jet nozzle for jetting a jet is provided.

According to this method, excavated materials such as boulders, cobblestones, driftwood, and remaining sheet piles are primarily crushed by a water jet, and cracks are generated in the gravels, cobblestones and the like.
Further, since the secondary crushing is performed by the roller cutter, the excavation work can be continued without any trouble even with high-strength cobbles or the like. Further, the durability of the roller cutter is also improved.

A pipe for supplying high-pressure water for water jet to the injection nozzle may be provided inside the screw conveyor, and the pipe may be connected to a high-pressure water supply pipe outside the screw conveyor via a swivel joint. Providing a pumping passage for pumping high-pressure water for water jet to the spray nozzle in the shield body, and connecting the spray nozzle and the pumping passage between the shield body and the rotating main shaft of the cutter head. The connection may be made via a provided swivel joint.

[0010] The screw member of the screw conveyor comprises a cylindrical body and wings spirally provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body, and high-pressure water for water jet is pressure-fed to the injection nozzle inside the cylindrical body. A pipe may be provided, and the pipe may be connected to a high-pressure water supply pipe outside the cylinder via a swivel joint. In this case, it is desirable that the inside of the cylindrical body be a guide passage for discharging the additive toward the excavated object, because it is possible to improve the particle size distribution and the like of excavated earth and sand in a stratum having poor plastic fluidity.

The screw member of the screw conveyor and the cutter head may be integrally rotated by the same drive source, or may be separately rotated by different drive sources.

It is desirable to add an abrasive to the high-pressure water. Further, the water jet may be ejected while the cutter head is stopped rotating, or may be ejected while rotating the cutter head.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0014]

Embodiment 1 In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical shield main body. A push plate 2 for advancing the shield body 1 toward the excavation direction is provided at the rear end of the shield body 1.
Is provided. A cutter head 3 is provided at the tip of the shield body 1 in the direction of excavation. The cutter head portion 3 has a cylindrical rotating main shaft portion 4 at a rear portion thereof.
The rotating spindle 4 includes bearings 6 and 7 and a sealing material 6 ′,
It is rotatably supported by the shield main body 1 via 7 '.

A screw conveyor 8 is provided inside the shield main body 1 along its central axis. The screw conveyor 8 includes a discharge pipe 9 for discharging the crushed excavated matter, and a screw member 10 provided in the discharge pipe 9 for conveying the crushed excavated matter.

The screw member 10 comprises a cylindrical body 10 ', and a spiral wing 12 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body 10'. The gear 1 is located at the rear end of the screw member 10.
3, the gear 13 is meshed with the gear 14, and the rotational power of the electric motor 15 is transmitted to the screw member 10 via the reduction gear 16, the gear 14, and the gear 13.

The tip of the cylindrical body 10 'is the cutter head 3
It is fixed to the center of. A swivel joint 17 as a rotary seal member is provided at the rear of the cylindrical body 10 ', and the inside of the cylindrical body 10' is a guide passage 10A for discharging the additive toward the excavated material. This additive is a liquid and is discharged from a discharge port described later. This additive serves to maintain the viscosity of the excavated material at a predetermined level, maintain the pressure at a predetermined level so as not to disturb the ground, and smoothly excavate the excavated material existing in front of the excavation direction. Play a role.

As shown in FIG. 2, a discharge port 18 for discharging an additive is formed in the center of the cutter head 3. As shown in FIG. A roller cutter 19 and a bite cutter 20 are provided at appropriate locations on the front surface of the cutter head 3 at appropriate locations, and earth and sand existing in the forward direction in the excavation direction.
An appropriate number of injection nozzles 21 are provided at appropriate locations for injecting a water jet toward excavated objects such as gravel and boulders.

Here, a pair of roller cutters 19 are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head portion 3 with the discharge port 18 interposed therebetween, and a pair of roller cutters 19 are provided on the inner peripheral portion of the cutter head portion 3. A pair of roller cutters 19 provided with the outlet 18 interposed therebetween and provided on the outer peripheral portion.
And a pair of roller cutters 19 provided on the inner peripheral portion are arranged orthogonally. On the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head portion 3, eight cutting tools 20 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

Inside the cylindrical body 10 ′, a jet pipe 21 for supplying high-pressure water for water jet to an injection nozzle 21 is provided. An abrasive may be added to the high-pressure water. The rear side of the pressure feed pipe 22 is guided to the outside of the cylinder via an elbow joint member 23, and is connected to a pipe 24 outside the cylinder via a swivel joint 25. The front side of the pressure feed pipe 22 is guided to the outside of the cylinder via an elbow joint member 26, and is connected to a pipe 27 outside the cylinder. The pipe 27 communicates with the injection nozzle 21.

The cutter head 3 includes a screw member 1
The screw member 10 is rotated integrally with the screw member 10 by an electric motor 15 coaxial with the screw member 0 and serving as the same drive source. On the front surface of the cutter head 3, an intake port 30 for taking in the excavated matter crushed by the rolling of the roller cutter 19 is formed. The excavated matter taken in through the inlet 30 is sent backward through a space between the discharge pipe 9 and the cylindrical body 10 '.

The water jet may be jetted while the rotation of the cutter head 3 is stopped, or may be jetted while rotating the cutter head 3 to pulverize boulders, boulders and the like.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to quickly excavate geology where boulders and boulders are scattered about the diameter of the shield body 1 of the excavator.

Primary crushing by water jet, roller cutter 19 of cutter head 3, tool cutter 20
High-strength boulders, gravel, etc. can be gradually reduced by secondary crushing. Further, since cracks are generated in the boulders, boulders, and the like by the water jet, the boulders, boulders, and the like are easily crushed, and the durability of the roller cutter 19 is also improved. Therefore, the cost of the cutter head 3 can be reduced.

In addition, the primary crushing by the water jet facilitates the crushing of the excavated material, so that the thrust can be reduced, and the excavation of the excavator due to the excess digging and the increase in the thrust can be reduced. Excavation work can be performed accurately, trouble occurrence is reduced, construction time is significantly shortened,
The construction cost can be reduced.

[0026]

[Modification] FIG. 3 shows a modification of the excavator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

In this modification, as shown in FIG. 3, a pressure feed pipe 22 is provided outside the cylindrical body 10 ′, and a pressure feed passage 31 for feeding high pressure water toward the injection nozzle 21 is provided in the shield body 1. Is provided. The rotary main shaft 4 of the cutter head 3 is provided with a pressure feed passage 33 connected to a pipe 32 communicating with the injection nozzle 21.
1 is communicated through a swivel joint 35 provided between the shield main body 1 and the rotating main shaft 4.

[0028]

Second Embodiment FIGS. 4 and 5 show a configuration in which the cutter head 3 is driven to rotate by a motor 34 different from the motor 15, and the remaining configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the same components as those of the first embodiment of the invention are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. Only different points will be described.

An electric motor 34 is provided inside the shield body 1.
Is provided. An electric motor 34 is fixed to the mounting portion 35 together with a speed reducer 36. Reduction gear 3
A gear 38 is attached to the output shaft 37 of No. 4. A ring gear 39 is fixed to the inner periphery of the rotating main shaft portion 4, and the gear 38 is meshed with the ring gear 39.

The central portion of the cutter head 3 and the cylinder 10 '
A bearing 40 is provided between the cylindrical body 1 and the tip of the cylindrical body 1.
0 'and the cutter head 3 are coaxial and rotatable separately. The pressure feed pipe 22 is connected to the pipe 27 via a swivel joint 41 at the front. Here, the pair of roller cutters 19 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head unit 3 are two sets,
The number of the bite cutters 20 provided on the outer peripheral portion of is 6 pieces.

According to the second embodiment of the present invention, since the cutter head 3 can be driven by a drive source different from the drive source of the screw conveyor, the driving force of the cutter head 3 can be improved. Other operations are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment of the invention, and therefore, detailed description thereof is omitted.

[0032]

[Modification] FIG. 6 shows a modification of the second embodiment of the invention. Since the main components of the modification of the first embodiment of the invention are the same as those of the modification, only reference numerals are shown in the drawings. Stay in.

[0033]

As described above, according to the present invention, an excavator having a large excavating ability even with a small diameter can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining Embodiment 1 of an excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the cutter head shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the excavator shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view for explaining an embodiment 2 of an excavator according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the cutter head shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the excavator shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Shield main body part 3 ... Cutter head part 8 ... Screw conveyor 19 ... Roller cutter 20 ... Tool cutter 21 ... Injection nozzle 22 ... Pressure feed pipe

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A cutter head provided at a tip of a shield body in a digging direction and rotatable with respect to the shield body. The cutter head has a roller cutter and a bite cutter. What is claimed is: 1. An excavator for crushing excavated material and discharging the crushed excavated material by a screw conveyor, wherein the cutter head is provided with an injection nozzle for injecting a water jet to an excavated material existing in a forward direction in the excavation direction. 2. A pipe for supplying high-pressure water for water jet to the injection nozzle is provided inside the screw conveyor, and the pipe is connected to a high-pressure water supply pipe outside the screw conveyor via a swivel joint. The excavator according to claim 1. 3. The shield main body is provided with a pumping passage for pumping high-pressure water for water jet to the spray nozzle, and the spray nozzle and the pumping passage are connected to the main shaft of the shield body and the cutter head. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the excavator is connected via a swivel joint provided between the excavator and the section. 4. A screw member of the screw conveyor comprises a cylindrical body and a wing portion spirally provided on an outer periphery of the cylindrical body, and high-pressure water for water jets is provided inside the cylindrical body to the injection nozzle. 2. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein a pipe is provided for pressure feeding, and the pipe is connected to a high pressure water pressure feeding pipe outside the cylindrical body via a swivel joint. 3. 5. The excavator according to claim 4, wherein the inside of the cylindrical body serves as a guide passage for discharging the additive toward the excavated object. 6. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the screw member of the screw conveyor and the cutter head are integrally rotated by the same driving source. 7. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the screw member of the screw conveyor and the cutter head are separately rotated by different driving sources. 8. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein an abrasive is added to the high-pressure water. 9. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the water jet is injected while the rotation of the cutter head is stopped. 10. The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the water jet is jetted from the jet nozzle while rotating the cutter head.