JPH10277822A - Drilling device for structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a drilling device for structures, in which a cutter is fixed to the structure and in which an operator can perform required drilling safely and easily without having the cutter in his hand. SOLUTION: This device is provided with a mounting tool which is fixed to a structure 101 or an object to be drilled, a cutter driving device 21 which is mounted to the mounting tool and which accommodates a trepanning cutter 31 to rotate the trepanning cutter 31 and to perform drilling by cutting, a cutter- deviation preventing tool 41 which is fixed to the mounting tool to support the trepanning cutter 31, and a supporting tool 58 which is fixed to the mounting tool and supported in a specified place to receive cutting-reaction force.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure drilling apparatus for drilling a steel structure constituting an iron bridge in a railway, for example, by cutting a corner of the steel structure into an arc shape.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, in a structure used for a girder of a railway bridge of a railway, a protruding piece (flange gusset) is provided. Fatigue cracking may occur from the corner where the piece intersects toward the center of the structure.

FIG. 11 shows the above phenomenon, in which 1 is a structure made of steel, 2 is a projecting piece provided on the structure 1,
R is a fatigue crack generated from the concave corner where the structure 1 and the projecting piece 2 intersect toward the center of the structure 1.

Conventionally, as a means for dealing with fatigue in a steel structure of an iron bridge, as shown in FIG. 11, when a fatigue crack R occurs, a hole 3 is formed in the structure 1 to prevent the crack R from extending. There is a way. However, this method is a post-treatment method for preventing the extension of the cracks R that have already occurred, and has a limit that it does not prevent the occurrence of fatigue cracks.

Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of the fatigue crack, an operator holds the grinder by hand and cuts off a corner where the structure 1 and the projecting piece 2 intersect in an arc shape.
It has been practiced to prevent stress from being concentrated at the corner where the structure 1 and the projecting piece 2 intersect.

[0006]

Although this method is a preventive maintenance method for preventing the occurrence of fatigue cracking, it has the following problems. That is, when the operator directly holds the grinder by hand and drills a corner at which the structure 1 intersects with the projecting piece 2 by cutting, the grinder is pressed against the resistance received from the structure 1 side. Since the cutting must be advanced, the burden on the operator is large. Since the worker holds the grinder in his hand, the holding of the grinder is unstable, and there is a danger that the rotating glider touches the worker's body and the worker is injured. It is not easy to cut into an arc of a size that requires the corners where the body 2 intersects.

[0007] In particular, drilling is often performed at a high place or a narrow place in a structure where a cutting process is performed on a girder of an iron bridge. It is very difficult and dangerous for an operator to grind the grinder by hand at such a high place or a narrow place.

It is also conceivable to cut off a corner where the structure and the protruding piece intersect by gas cutting. However, in order to avoid concentration of residual stress in the structure due to gas cutting and to maintain corrosion resistance. In addition, it is desirable to employ a cutting process which does not leave a thermal effect on the structure and has a high processing accuracy.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has a structure in which a cutter is fixed to a structure so that an operator can safely and easily perform necessary drilling without manually holding the cutter. An object of the present invention is to provide an object punching device.

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided a structure drilling apparatus comprising: a fixture fixed to a structure to be machined;
A cutter driving device that is mounted on the fixture and that rotates the trepanning cutter by mounting a trepanning cutter that cuts and drills the structure by rotation;
It is characterized by comprising a center run-out suppressing device fixed to the mounting device and supporting the trepanning cutter, and a support device fixed to the mounting device and supported at a predetermined position.

Here, the trepanning cutter is a cutting tool cutter for drilling which is attached to a rotating shaft, is rotated, has a circular shape, and has a number of blades along the rotating shaft at its peripheral edge. According to the configuration of the present invention, the cutter driving device is fixed to the structure to be machined by the cutter mounting body, and the trepanning cutter is rotated by the cutter driving device to cut and drill holes in the structure. The perforation includes a process of forming an arc-shaped concave portion at a portion where two different edges intersect.

For this reason, according to this configuration, the cutter is fixed to the structure and the hole is drilled in the structure without holding the cutter, so that the hole having a size necessary for the structure is formed. It can be formed by safe and easy work. Therefore, when drilling holes in the structure by cutting, the risk of work is greatly reduced without imposing a great burden on the operator.

When the structure drilling device of the present invention is used for forming an arc-shaped concave portion at a concave corner where two different edges intersect in a structure, for example, the concave corner is used. It is possible to perform preventive maintenance processing for preventing in advance the occurrence of a situation in which stress is concentrated on the surface and a crack is generated.

In addition, since the trepanning cutter is supported by the center run-out restraining tool fixed to the mounting tool, a processing reaction force (cutting resistance) is generated when the trepanning cutter rotates to perform cutting.
The vibration of the trepanning cutter caused by the vibration can be suppressed.

Further, by supporting the support fixed to the fixture at a predetermined position, when the trepanning cutter cuts the structure, the force acting on the fixture via the trepanning cutter from the structure can be reduced. The support is shared by the support, and the load on the trepanning cutter is reduced, and the occurrence of vibrations in the trepanning cutter is suppressed, so that stable cutting can be performed.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIGS. 1 to 7 show the structure of a structure drilling apparatus according to this embodiment.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

This embodiment is directed to a long structure 101 made of steel for supporting a sleeper 103 in a railway such as a bullet train. The structure 101 has an I-shaped cross section, and has flanges 101b and 101c at the upper and lower ends of a vertical main body 101a. A protruding piece 102 is provided at a predetermined position on one side edge of the flange 101b at the upper end of the structure 101. The protruding piece 102 is formed on the flange portion 101b or is fixed to the flange portion 101b by welding.

In this embodiment, an arc-shaped concave portion is formed (drilled) at a concave corner where the edge of the flange portion 101b of the structure 101 and the edge of the protruding piece 102 intersect. This is used when performing preventive maintenance processing for preventing in advance the occurrence of a situation in which stress is concentrated on a corner and a crack is generated. The structure drilling device is a flange 101b of the structure 101.
Is arranged on the side of one side edge.

In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a first mounting body. As shown in FIG. 4, the first mounting body 11 has a structure holding portion 11a, and a flange portion of the structure 101 is provided by the structure holding portion 11a. 1
01b, and is fixed to a fixed portion of the flange portion 101b by tightening a screw 12 provided by being screwed into the structure holding portion 11a. A slider holding portion 11b is formed on the first attachment body 11, and a slider 13 is inserted and held in the slider holding portion 11b so as to be movable along the length direction of the structure 101.

A screw 14 is screwed into the slider holding portion 11b, and the screw 1 is tightened to fix the slider 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a second attachment body 15 is attached to one end of the slider 13. A cutter mounting body 16 is held by the second mounting body 15 so as to be vertically movable.

The first mounting body 11 and the second mounting body 11
The attachment 17 is constituted by the attachment 15 and the cutter attachment 16. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, reference numeral 21 denotes a cutter driving device. The cutter driving device includes an electric motor (not shown) inside the device main body 22 and a transmission for shifting the rotation of the electric motor. The transmission of the rotation of the electric motor via a transmission
Is to be rotated. Further, the apparatus main body 22 has a holding portion 22a outside.

The cutter driving device 21 is connected to the rotating shaft 2.
3 is disposed at one end of the slider 13 with its orientation set so as to be located at the upper part and along the vertical direction.
2a is mounted on the cutter mounting body 16. Thereby, the cutter driving device 21 is attached to the attachment 17.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, 5 and 6, reference numeral 31 denotes a trepanning cutter. The trepanning cutter 31 is a rotary cutting tool having a circular shape, and a large number of blades 31a along the rotation axis are arranged at the peripheral edge.
The trepanning cutter 31 is attached to the tip of the rotating shaft 23 of the cutter driving device 21.

That is, the trepanning cutter 31 is rotated by the rotation of the rotary shaft 23, cuts the structure at a tip of each blade 31a along a circular locus, and cuts off the portion of the structure surrounded by the circular locus to form a circular shape. A space hole is formed.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIGS. 5 to 7, reference numeral 41 denotes a center run-out suppressing device. This core runout suppressor 41
Is mounted on the upper end of the second mounting body 15 and extends toward the upper side of the cutter driving device 21, and is located right above the rotary shaft 23 so that the rotary shaft 23 is removably inserted and held. A hole 24 is formed. That is, the rotating shaft 23 is moved upward, the upper end thereof is inserted into the shaft holding hole 24, and the lower end thereof is moved out of the shaft holding hole 24.

As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 7, reference numeral 51 denotes a rotating arm, which is a pin at a position where one end is aligned with the base end of the center run-out suppressing tool 41 at the upper end of the second mounting member 15. 52
It is pivoted by That is, the rotating arm 51 rotates around the pin 52 in a horizontal plane, for example, in a direction approaching or moving away from the center runout suppressing tool 41.
A long hole 51a is formed in the rotating arm 51 along the length direction.

As shown in FIG.
A bolt 53 is inserted through 1a, and is movable along the length direction of the long hole 51a. Bolt 53 is pivot arm 5
1 and a support 55 disposed on the lower surface of the rotating arm 51, and a nut 56 is inserted through the support 54.
Is screwed.

That is, the nut 56 is tightened and the support 5
4 and 55 are fixed by pressing them against the rotating arm 51,
By loosening the nut 56, the supports 54 and 55 can move in the length direction of the rotating arm 51 together with the bolt 53.

As shown in FIG. 7, the lower support 55 has a holding portion 55a. Reference numeral 57 denotes an engaging body, which is, for example, a horizontally long one formed of a section steel having an L-shaped cross section.
The engaging body 57 is horizontally disposed, and is movably held in the holding section 55a of the lower support 55 in the length direction.

The engaging members 57 support both ends to be engaged with appropriate portions at least from below. When the trepanning cutter 31 cuts the structure 101, the engaging body 57 and the rotating arm 51 move from the structure 101 to the trepanning cutter 31.
And a part of the force acting on the fixture 17 through the joint.

The rotating arm 51, the bolt 53,
The support member 58 is constituted by the supports 54 and 55 and the engagement body 57. Using the drilling device configured in this manner, an arc-shaped concave portion is formed at a concave corner where the edge of the flange portion 101b and the edge of the protruding piece 102 intersect, and stress concentrates on this corner. A case of performing preventive maintenance processing for preventing the occurrence of a situation in which a crack is generated in advance will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 1, the fixture 17 is arranged near the flange 101b of the structure 101, and the first fixture 11 of the fixture 17 is fixed to the flange 101b. In this case, the slider 13 is moved so as to approach the flange portion 101b, and the tip of the core run-out suppressing tool 41 is formed into a concave corner where the edge of the flange portion 101b and the edge of the protruding piece 102 intersect. Position. Thereby, the position (the size of the arc-shaped portion) at which the corner is cut into a circular arc by the trepanning cutter 31 and drilled is set.

In order to move the slider 13, a method in which an operator directly holds the slider 13 by hand and a manual feeder using a feed screw which is manually rotated are provided on the first fixture 11. And a method of providing an electric feed device for rotating the feed screw by an electric motor. When the electric feeder is used among these methods, the electric feeder can be remotely controlled.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
1 and the holding portion 22a of the cutter driving device 21
Is fixed to the cutter mounting body 16. In this case, the height of the cutter mounting body 16 is adjusted so that the cutter driving device 21 is located below the center runout suppressing tool 41. In FIG. 2, the rotating arm 51 is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, the position of the supporting member 58 is adjusted by moving the engaging member 57, and the engaging member 57 is engaged with an appropriate position to receive a reaction force (cutting resistance) due to the processing of the trepanning cutter 31. . In this embodiment, one end of the engaging body 57 is engaged with the lower surface of the protruding piece 102 of the structure 101, and the other end is engaged with the lower surface of a member (not shown) provided near the structure. I do. In this case, in order to adjust the position of the engagement body 57, the rotating arm 51 is rotated around the pin 52, and the bolt 53 and the supports 54 and 55 are moved along the long hole 51 a of the rotating arm 51. By doing so, the engagement body 57 is moved.

Next, the cutter mounting unit 16 is moved upward to move the cutter driving device 21 upward, and as shown in FIGS. 5 and 8, the tip of the rotating shaft 23 to which the trepanning cutter 31 is mounted is adjusted to reduce the center deflection. 41 is inserted into the hole 42. Then, the electric motor mounted on the cutter driving device 21 is rotationally driven to rotate the trepanning cutter 31. The start and stop of the rotation drive of the electric motor are performed by remote control.

As a result, the trepanning cutter 31 moves upward while rotating, and the blade 3 of the trepanning cutter 31 moves.
1a, the lower surface of the edge of the flange portion 101b of the structure 101 and the edge of the protruding piece 102 are in contact with the lower surfaces, and arcuate cuts are formed in these lower surfaces. Further, the trepanning cutter 31 rises while rotating, and the blade 31 of the trepanning cutter 31 is rotated.
The depth of the cut into the flange portion 101b and the protruding piece 102 of the structure 101 by a is increased.

Then, as shown in FIG. 9, the trepanning cutter 31 performs cutting by moving over a distance exceeding the thickness of the flange portion 101b, and the blade 31a is moved to the upper surface of the edge portion of the flange portion 101b and the edge of the projecting piece 102. When it exceeds the upper surface, the portion of the flange portion 101b and the protruding piece 102 surrounded by the arc-shaped cut is cut off. Thus, as shown in FIG. 10, an arc-shaped concave portion 101d is formed at a concave corner where the edge of the flange portion 101b of the structure 101 and the edge of the protruding piece 102 intersect.

In this processing, the rotation shaft 23 of the cutter driving device 21 is fixed to the fixture 18 by the center runout suppressing device 4.
Since the trepanning cutter 31 is inserted and held in the one hole 42, the trepanning cutter 31 can be stably held. For this reason, when the trepanning cutter 31 rotates and performs cutting, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of vibration of the trepanning cutter 31 due to a processing reaction force (cutting resistance).

In the support member 58, the engaging member 57 is supported by the rotating arm 51 fixed to the mounting member 18, and the engaging member
7 are supported at appropriate locations (in this embodiment, the lower surface of the protruding piece 102 of the structure 101 and the lower surface of a member (not shown) provided near the structure 101, respectively). For this reason, when the trepanning cutter 31 cuts the structure 101, a part of the force acting on the fixture 17 from the structure 101 via the trepanning cutter 31 is applied to the engaging body 57.
And the rotation arm 51 is responsible. Therefore, when the trepanning cutter 31 rotates and performs cutting, the load on the trepanning cutter 31 due to the processing reaction force (cutting resistance) is reduced, and the occurrence of vibrations in the trepanning cutter 31 is suppressed, so that cutting can be performed stably.

After the machining, the cutter mounting body 16 is moved down to move the cutter driving device 21 and the trepanning cutter 31 down, and the rotation of the electric motor is stopped.

In order to move the cutter mounting body 16, a method in which an operator directly holds the cutter mounting body 16 by hand, a method in which a manual feeder using a feed screw which is manually rotated, or a method in which a manual feeder is used is used. There is a method of providing an electric feed device that rotates a feed screw with an electric motor. When the electric feeder is used among these methods, the electric feeder can be remotely controlled.

Thus, the flange portion 101 of the structure 101
An arc-shaped concave portion is formed at the concave corner where the edge of b intersects with the edge of the protruding piece 102, and the prevention of the occurrence of a situation in which stress is concentrated on this corner and a crack is generated in advance is generated Perform preservative processing.

According to this embodiment, the cutter is fixed to the structure 101 without the operator holding the cutter and the structure 1
Since the hole is formed in the structure 101, a hole having a required size in the structure 101 can be formed by a safe and easy operation. Therefore, when drilling holes in the structure by cutting, the risk of work is greatly reduced without imposing a great burden on the operator. When the structure drilling device of the present invention is used for forming an arc-shaped concave portion at a concave corner where two different edges intersect in the structure 101, for example, stress is applied to the concave corner. Can be performed in advance to prevent occurrence of a situation in which cracks occur due to concentrated steel.

The drilling device is a cutter driving device 5.
8 and the attachment 18 for attaching the cutter driving device 58 to the structure, the handling is easy and the attachment to the structure 101 is easy.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be implemented with various modifications. The structure drilling device of the present invention forms an arc-shaped concave portion at a concave corner where two different edges intersect in a structure,
It is not limited to use in preventive maintenance processing to prevent the occurrence of a situation in which stress is concentrated on these concave corners and cracks are generated in advance, but is widely applied to drilling holes in structures. Can be. In addition, the configurations of the attachment, the runout suppressor, and the support are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented with various modifications.

[0047]

As described above, according to the structure punching device of the present invention, the operator fixes the cutter to the structure and punches the structure without holding the cutter. A hole having a size required for a structure can be formed by a safe and easy operation. Therefore, when drilling holes in the structure by cutting, the risk of work is greatly reduced without imposing a great burden on the operator.

When the structure drilling device of the present invention is used for forming an arcuate concave portion at a concave corner where two different edges intersect in a structure, for example, the concave corner is used. It is possible to perform preventive maintenance processing for preventing in advance the occurrence of a situation in which stress is concentrated on the surface and a crack is generated.

Further, since the trepanning cutter is supported by the center run-out restraining tool fixed to the mounting tool, the processing reaction force (cutting resistance) when the trepanning cutter rotates to perform cutting.
The vibration of the trepanning cutter caused by the vibration can be suppressed.

Further, when the trepanning cutter cuts the structure by supporting the support fixed to the fixture at a predetermined position, a part of the force acting on the fixture from the structure via the trepanning cutter. The support is shared by the support tool, and the load on the trepanning cutter due to the processing reaction force can be reduced and stable cutting can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a structure drilling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a structure punching device in the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a structure punching device in the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a fixture provided in the structure drilling device in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a cutting state by a trepanning cutter provided in the structure drilling device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a trepanning cutter provided in the structure drilling device according to the embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a view showing a support provided in the structure drilling device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a view showing the operation of a trepanning cutter provided in the structure drilling device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the operation of a trepanning cutter provided in the structure punching device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a perforated portion of the structure in the structure perforating apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a view showing a conventional structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... 1st mounting body, 15 ... 2nd mounting body, 16 ... Cutter mounting body, 17 ... Mounting tool, 21 ... Cutter drive device, 31 ... Trepanning cutter, 41 ... Center runout suppressing tool, 51 ... Rotation Arm, 57: engagement body, 58: support, 101: structure, 102: protruding piece.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued from the front page (71) Applicant 000006208 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. 2-5-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Yoji Tsutsumi 1-4-1 Meieki, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Tokai Railway Company (72) Inventor Susumu Tanaka 1-4-1 Meiji Station, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture Tokai Passenger Railway Company (72) Inventor Tadashi Tadashi Taichi Nakamura-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture 1-4-1 Tokai Passenger Railway Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yuichi Ito 1-1-4 Meieki Station, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Prefecture Tokai Passenger Railway Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Chitoshi Miki Kawasaki, Kanagawa Prefecture 1-30- 503, Keyakidaira, Miyamae-ku Inventor Hidehiko Abe 2-2-3 Midorigaoka, Meguro-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Hiromasa Kamei 2-1-1 Niihama, Arai-machi, Takasago City, Hyogo Prefecture No. 1 In the Takasago Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. 2-1-1, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Takasago Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Tetsuji Yamagami 1-1-1, Wadazakicho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Kobe Shipyard

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A trepanning cutter comprising: a fixture fixed to a structure to be machined; and a trepanning cutter mounted on the fixture and configured to cut and drill the structure by rotation. A cutter drive unit for rotating the cutter, a center run-out suppressing device fixed to the attachment and supporting the trepanning cutter, and a support fixed to the attachment and supported at a predetermined position. Punching device.