JPH10263317A - Apparatus for decreasing moisture content of solid material and/or sludge, filter press as well as control and adjustment device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a required space and cost by providing the apparatus with a spraying and supplying belt which intermittently receives granular materials from a bunker receiving the continuous supply of these materials and is adjustable in speed, a pressure chamber which executes vapor injection and mechanical compression and is closable airtightly and pressure tightly, and a prepulverizing device for brown coal slabs after dehydration. SOLUTION: The granular brown coal materials 6 are intermittently and evenly sprayed at a prescribed height to a bed form onto the spraying and supplying belt (transporting belt) through a vibration trough 66 from the bunker 1 which continuously receives the supply of the materials 6. The transporting belt comprises a metallic woven belt having vapor permeability and is adjustable in the transporting speed in the case of excess or shortage of the granular materials 6. The pressure chamber opens the inlet and outlet. When the granular brown coal materials 6 of the treating belt arrives at an outlet sluice II, the pressure chamber airtightly and pressure tightly closes these ports. The granular brown coal materials 6 are then dehydrated and pressed by the heat of heated press plates 13, 17 on upper and lower sides and the vapor injected from perpendicular vapor injection holes and are made into the brown coal slab in the prepulverizing device 74 and, therefore, the space and cost are reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing carbon-containing finely ground solids and / or sludge of the type described in the preamble of claim 1 by capillary action in a fiber cell. The invention relates to a device for reducing the combined water content, a filter press and a control and regulating device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art West German Patent Publication No. 19535315
The invention described in the specification provides a method for enabling large industrial utilization of raw lignite by thermo-mechanical dewatering, in which the overall efficiency of the flow treatment in the power plant process is improved, Continuous processing of large amounts of carbon-containing solids, which is necessary to prevent blowout at the edges of bulk mats under steam pressure and to reduce steam pressure at the edges. In order to obtain a uniform thermal energy distribution over the press surface without reduction, it is desirable to provide a technical solution for presses and presses which does not have or eliminates the disadvantages of the prior art.
It is an issue.

The known method for solving this problem combines the following method steps: A) At the beginning of the work cycle, the charge is steamed at the beginning of the working cycle in a pressure chamber preheated to above 100 ° C., which is substantially airtight and with steam heated to ≧ 150 ° C., B) the compression pressure on the charge higher than the pressure created by the deposition density in the charge corresponds to a supplied steam pressure of at most approximately 5 to 8 bar, then c) the charge in the charge The steam injection is terminated after reaching a temperature of about ≧ 125 ° C. and a high machine up to 75 bar to reduce the residual water content to 20% by weight, depending on the particle size of the charge. A specific inherent press pressure is applied.

[0004] The thermo-mechanical dewatering process known from DE 195 35 315 A1 allows economical dewatering of lignite with little thermal and mechanical energy. To flow treat lignite with high moisture, the overall efficiency of the power plant process can be significantly improved by pre-utilizing an energetically favorable method for removing water. Furthermore, energy for evaporating water can be saved as compared with the conventional thermal drying method.

Further, West German Patent Publication No. 195353
In an apparatus for performing the method steps known from US Pat.
It is guided through a pressure chamber integrated into the press and said pressure chamber is opened and closed by a sluice system in a cycle sequence of a working process, wherein the main components of the device are continuously working reversible spraying machines An intermittently workable filter press, and a sprinkling box belt system with a square sprinkling profile for lignite granular material, wherein the endless spreading belt of the spreading box belt system comprises two endless spreading belts. Along with the side steel belt, it is guided to circulate through a pressure-tightly sealable pressure chamber in the press, in which case the pressure chamber is raised and lowered at the inlet and outlet of the pressure chamber transversely to the conveying direction. It is opened and closed via a movable blade and a blocking slider.

For large power plant outputs, for example for gigawatt power plant outputs, a number of press lines are each used with lignite granular material throughputs in the charging range of approximately 200 tonnes per hour and the drying processes each require Since this must take place in a cycle of approximately 10 minutes, the quantity must be intermittently 6 degrees per hour, ie approximately 33 tons per charging process, must be fed into the pressure chamber via the spraying machine. That is, in the case of a bulk load of approximately 600 kg / m ³ , approximately 55 m ³ of lignite granular material has a rectangular spray profile uniformly at a transport speed of approximately 0.5 m per second and within a time range of approximately 70 seconds. Must be brought to

[0007] That is, the problem is to control the mass flow of substantially per second 0,8M ³ to 1 m ³ at a uniform spray height during intermittent operation. This problem cannot be controlled satisfactorily by continuously spraying the lignite granular material with a spreading device which can be reversed over the spreading and supply belt. In this case, the required length of the spreading and supply belts and the space required for this also have a disadvantageous effect on equipment costs.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide an intermittently operating filter press stop-and-go (St.
op and Go) in the course of the charging process, from the beginning to the end of the charging process, with a spreading height of 400 mm to 500 mm (with a flat deposition of the lignite particulate material) to obtain the best square spreading profile and thus the required space and assembly costs. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device in which continuous operation can be performed intermittently in the transport direction.

[0009]

According to the present invention, there is provided an apparatus as set forth in the characterizing part of claim 1, a filter press as set forth in the characterizing part of claim 9, and a patent. The solution has been achieved by a control and regulation device according to the characterizing part of claim 10.

[0010]

The advantage of the design according to the invention is that, depending on the task setting, the material for the respective spreading and charging process can be precisely adjusted according to the conveying speed of the spreading and supply belt with a square spreading profile. The point is that it can be uniformly distributed.

The following apparatus and filter press features provide advantages and reduce costs. That is, the spreading machine forms a structural unit with the bunker and is stationarily arranged upstream of the filter press.

A relaxation and metering roller is provided upstream of the outflow opening for the lignite particulate material of the spraying machine.

[0013] The sprinkling machine is adaptable to the respective lignite granular material charge and has an adjustable outlet slit for this purpose.

In addition, downstream of the outflow slit of the spreading machine, a vibration trough is arranged which can be adapted to the conveying speed of the spreading and feeding belt, in order to form a square spreading profile on the spreading and feeding belt. A stationary partition below the spreading machine, a flexible partition up to the filter press and a partition movable inside the filter press are arranged.

In this case, the delivery belt is advantageously arranged directly above the bunker, thus reducing the space required for installation and thus significantly reducing the overall equipment.

Advantageous configurations of the invention are set out in the further claims.

[0017]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described with reference to the illustrated embodiment.

FIG. 1 shows a device range for a thermo-mechanical dewatering system for lignite granular material 6, which includes (A) intermittent charge on the spraying and supply belt 4. (B) Single stage filter press (Einetagenfilterpress) 5 with integrated pressure chamber and sluice system,
(C) Pre-pulverizing device 74 for subsequent pulverizing and drying
And an unloading unit for unloading the pressed lignite slab 31 from the pressure chamber 40 provided with

The spraying section A in FIG. 1 illustrates a delivery mode in which the brown coal granular material 6 is continuously delivered from the delivery belt 2 to the stationary bunker 1. The stationary spraying machine 3, which forms a structural unit together with the bunker 1, sprays the lignite granular material 6 onto the spraying and feeding belt 4 circulated through a filter press 5. The spreading and supply belt system comprises a lower endless spreading and supply belt 4, two partition walls 63 inside the filter press 5, which are stably arranged vertically to the left and right of the spreading and supply belt, and an outer partition 70. , 76. In this case, the spreading and supply belt 4 is constituted by a vapor-permeable metal fabric belt and is operated synchronously with the pressure chamber 40 of the filter press 5.
Guided through. The lignite granular material 6 is sprayed in a precisely geometrically square cross-section by a spraying machine 3 to a spraying height H, then penetrates permanently into a pressure chamber 40 and is extruded after pressing (FIGS. 1 to 1). (See FIG. 5).

FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show a transport and distribution system according to the invention for lignite granular material 6. The bunker 1 is continuously supplied with raw lignite, that is, lignite granular material 6, which is pulverized in advance via a delivery belt 2. For this purpose, the bunker 1 has a storage volume of approximately 2 filling units for the working cycle of the filter press 5. The spreading machine 3 is arranged in the lower part of the bunker 1 so as to form a structural unit with the bunker. In order to adjust and dispense the lignite granular material 6, the transport dam inside the bunker 1 must be prevented.
For this purpose, the outer chamber wall 69 has a particularly inclined chamber wall 6.
In order to obtain a continuous volumetric flow of the lignite granular material 6 at 9, a suitable vibrating device 72 is arranged.

Since the transport flow guide plate 67 is provided inside the bunker 1 above the relaxing and dispensing roller 64,
The functional form of the individual adjustable functional elements is not hindered by bulk material dams. The transport flow inside the bunker 1 relative to the relaxation and dosing rollers 64 is guided geometrically by the guide plate 68 without damming. The sprinkling process is started intermittently and lasts approximately 21 seconds, corresponding to the conveying speed of the sprinkling and supply belt 4 (v ≧ 0.5 m / s). The following control or regulation process is performed to uniformly deposit the lignite particulate material with H at a uniform spray height of approximately 430 mm on the spreading and supply belt 4. That is: the lignite particulate material / bed is sprayed from the spraying machine onto the supply and supply belt 4 between the stationary bulkheads 70 over a width of approximately 2.5 mm, ie from the bunker 1 to the vibrating trough 66 at said width. Can be taken out via The mass flow is adjusted via a spray height sensor 73 located immediately before the doctor roller 71. In this case, the charging and spreading process is controlled according to the following functional chain in a priority order determined experimentally. That is, the relaxation and the peripheral speed control of the metering roller 64 in the bunker 1, the control of the outflow slit 65 via the slider on the downstream side of the bunker 1, and the vibration trough 66 related to the conveying speed of the spraying and supply belt 4. Sending speed control.

Thus, for example, the height measuring wheel 7
The excess or underconveyance (wave peaks or valleys) indicated by the spray height measurement according to 3,75 and the measurement of the height X of the dewatered lignite slab 31 is compensated by controlling the adjustment speed between the functional members. be able to. In this case, in addition, in the case of excessive or insufficient transport or when the value exceeds an allowable value (maximum amount / minimum amount), the spraying and supply belt
Can be reduced or increased by appropriate adjustment. Due to the relevance of such parameters, uniform spraying and charging can be achieved during stop-and-go operation within the regulation chain.

At the same time that the lignite granular material / bed is scattered on the sprinkling and supply belt 4 and the lignite slab 31 is carried out from the filter press 5, the next lignite granular material / bed can be formed. Prior to starting the sprinkling and supply belt 4, the pressure chamber 40 is opened at the inlet 26 and the outlet 27 and the partition 63 of the pressure chamber 40 is relieved, i.e. released. The transport of the sprayed lignite granular material and bed to the outlet 27 is performed by spraying and numerical control of the supply belt 4. After the spreading and supply belt 4 has reached the outlet sluice II, the pressure chamber 40 is closed again, ie the partition 63 is adjusted again (approximately 5 mm pressing stroke) and the inlet 26 and outlet 27 are closed again. You.

The filter press 5 in which the pressure chamber and the sluice system are integrated in the pressure chamber press area B is shown in FIG.
It is configured as a fixed single stage overhead piston press. The sprinkling and supply belt 4 moves endlessly with the lignite granular material 6 from the spraying section A into the pressure chamber press area B, in which case the lignite granular material 6
Is guided through the heated lower press plate 13 which is arranged in a fixed manner in the pressure chamber 40. The central horizontal holes in the press plate 13 are used for heating, while the vertical steam injection holes are evenly distributed over the press or filter surface 25. The upper press plate 17 is also configured in the same manner.

The pressure chamber system (in the pressure chamber press area B) is illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5. In order to spray the steam uniformly on the lignite granular material 6 supplied via the distribution and supply belt 4 in the filter press 5, the mass flow is surrounded on the whole surface and accommodated in an airtight manner.

In this case, the pressure chamber system is composed of the following functional members: a lower stationary press plate 13 supported in the press frame 30 and located on both longitudinal sides of the press plate 13. A vertical partition 63 disposed on the left and right sides, a long-stroke cylinder 34 acting from above in the vertical direction, and a short-stroke cylinder 20 pressed against the pressure chamber from both sides in the horizontal direction.
In this case, the partition 63
Is pressed against the upper press plate 17 driven by a hydraulic press cylinder 34 via a hydraulic short stroke cylinder 20, and the two cylinders 34 and 20 are respectively assigned to a press frame 30. Moreover, it is arranged on the vertical side and the end face of the pressure chamber 40.

The spreading and supply belt 4, which is configured as a spreading box together with the partitions 63, 70, 76, passes through the pressure chamber 40 in a synchronous operation via a drum drive, in which case it lies vertically inside the filter press. The partition 63 is arranged so as to be movable in the horizontal direction, the partition 76 outside the filter press is flexibly arranged in the area of the spraying section A, and the partition 70 below the spraying machine 3 is arranged stationary. The partition walls 63, 70, 76 are provided with a vibrating device 72 as a transporting means for continuously transporting the lignite granular material 6.
The partition 63 inside the filter press is controlled via a hydraulic short-stroke cylinder 20 which exerts a lateral pressure, ie the partition 63 is unloaded during the spreading and transporting movement of the supply belt 4 and the steam injection During the middle and during the pressing process, it is pressed against the upper press plate 17 with a variable lateral pressing force.

The upper press plate 17 for the vapor pressure
Are hermetically sealed by an elastic rubber seal.
Further, when the partition 63 is pushed down in the vertical direction via the hydraulic pressure bonding cylinder 23 when the spraying and the supply belt are stopped, a rubber elasticity is applied to the sealed lower edge of the press plate 13. Hermetically sealed by a realistic seal. Inlet 26 or outlet 2 of pressure chamber system
7, or inlet and outlet sluices I or II
Is illustrated in FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 5.

In FIG. 1, the sluice gate movement mechanism for moving the lignite granular material / bed is illustrated with the filter press opened. In parallel with the entry of the lignite particulate material bed into the pressure chamber 40, the shut-off slider 28 at the outlet 27 is closed by a hydraulic adjustment member 36 in a vertical movement for the next steam injection process. It is moved to. In this case, the shut-off slider 22 at the inlet 26 has been moved upwards, so that the lignite granular material / bed can enter the pressure chamber 40 without hindrance at the spraying height H (see FIG. 5), ie Has been released.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show the pressure chamber 40 in the closed position. The upper press plate 17 has likewise been moved to the closed position for the compression of an isochor of lignite granular material. The shut-off sliders 22, 28 are variably adjustable to a height X or a spraying height H corresponding to the height of the pressed lignite slab 31. Blocking slider 28
Is a hydraulically-driven crimping device 35 in a vertical and horizontal direction in a plane.
And by means of a hydraulic adjustment element 36, it is lowered to the lignite granular material 6 and is moved in a sealing manner towards the spreading and supply belt 4, so that a tight seal is formed throughout the spreading box system.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus according to the invention when charging a lignite particulate material into a filter press according to the invention during a spraying and charging cycle.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a filter press having the spraying machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a filter press having a spraying machine.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the filter press as viewed from the front.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a pressure chamber system for the inlet and outlet of the filter press of FIG. 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bunker 2 Delivery belt 3 Spreading machine 4 Spreading and supply belt 5 Filter press 6 Brown coal granular material 13,17 Press plate 20 Short stroke cylinder 22,28 Shut-off slider 26 Inlet 27 Outlet 30 Press frame 31 Lignite slab 34 Long stroke cylinder 35 Crimping device 36 Adjusting member 40 Pressure chamber 63, 70, 76 Partition wall 64 Relaxing and dispensing roller 69 Conveying flow guide plate 69 Chamber wall 71 Doctor roller 72 Vibration device 73 Spray height sensor 75 Height measuring wheel

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] May 6, 1997

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Drawing

[Correction target item name] All figures

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG.

FIG. 2

FIG. 3

FIG. 4

FIG. 5

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. The method according to claim 1, wherein the thermal energy and the pressure are applied to the charge to be dewatered so that the carbon-containing finely divided solid material and / or sludge, in particular raw lignite, are bound by capillary action in a fiber cell. An apparatus for reducing the water content of a system in which the thermal and mechanical energy of the superheated steam is supplied and acted on as a surface pressure to the charge in the pressure chamber. A bunker (1) continuously supplied with lignite granular material (6), a stationary spraying machine (3) supplied intermittently with lignite granular material from bunker (1), endless spraying and supply belt An airtight and tightly closable pressure chamber (40) through which (4) intermittently passes in the work cycle;
And a pre-crushing device (74) for the dewatered lignite slab (31), wherein the spraying machine (3) comprises a number of relaxation and metering operations. A roller (64) and an adjustable outflow slit (65) for adjusting the charge of the lignite granular material (6), and the spraying machine (3) further comprises a spreading and supply belt (4).
Solid material and / or sludge, characterized in that the lignite granular material (6) is sprayed on a spraying and feeding belt (4) with a square spraying profile via a vibrating trough (9) adjustable at a conveying speed of Equipment for reducing water content. 2. The outlet slit (65) of the spraying machine (3) and the delivery speed of the vibrating trough (9), which regulate the charging rate, ensure that the spraying and feeding belt (4) into the filter press (5) is adjusted. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is adaptable to speed. 3. A conveying flow guide plate (67) and a guide thin plate (68) are provided above the relaxing and dispensing roller (64).
The vibrating device (7)
3. The device according to claim 2, wherein 2) is provided. 4. The spreading and feeding belt (4) is flexible in the area of the spreading machine (3) by means of a fixed partition (70) on both longitudinal sides and from the spreading machine (3) into the filter press (5). 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is limited by an arranged partition. 5. A stationary partition (7) in a spreading machine (3).
0), a flexible bulkhead (76) between the spraying machine (3) and the filter press (5) and an adjustable bulkhead (63) in the filter press (5) are provided with a vibration device (72) as a transport aid. Characterized by having
Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. The doctor roller according to claim 1, wherein a doctor roller is arranged downstream of the vibrating trough and above the lignite granular material. Equipment. 7. The lignite granular material (6) is dewatered or dewatered upstream of the doctor roller (71) or between the spraying machine (3) and the filter press (5) and downstream of the filter press (5). 7. The device according to claim 1, wherein a sensor (73 or 75) for measuring the height of the lignite slab (31) is arranged. 8. A height measuring wheel (73, 7) as a sensor.
Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a device (75) is provided. 9. The heat energy and the pressure are applied to the charge to be dewatered so that the carbon-containing finely divided solid material and / or sludge, in particular raw lignite, are bound by capillary action in a fiber cell. Air-tightly sealable filter press for reducing the water content, wherein thermal and mechanical energy consisting of superheated steam is supplied as surface pressure to the charge in the pressure chamber A rectangular pressure chamber (40) is composed of a fixed lower press plate (13) and five hydraulically movable pressure chamber walls (17, 22, 28, 63), and two partition walls. (63) is supported perpendicular to the outer longitudinal edge of the press plate (13) and can be pressed against the smooth longitudinal edge of the upper press plate (17) by variable hydraulic force; Withdrawal An openable and extractable shut-off slider (28, 22) shuts off the outlet (27) by means of a hydraulic crimping device (35) and the inlet (26) by means of a hydraulic adjusting element (37). And the upper press plate (17) has a vertical pressure chamber wall (17,22,2).
8, 63), wherein the compression pressure for the steam injection process and the mechanical pressing process is hydraulically controlled via a press cylinder (34). And / or a filter press to reduce the water content of the sludge. 10. The outflow slit (6) of the spraying machine (3) so that an over- or under-feed is indicated in the control mechanism via a sensor and then the work cycle control is adjusted.
5) A work cycle / function control mechanism for adjusting the feeding speed of the slackening / dispensing roller (64), the vibrating trough (66), and the conveying belt speed of the spraying and feeding belt (4) is provided. The control and adjustment device for a filter press according to claim 1, wherein the control and adjustment device for a filter press is characterized by the following.