JPH10255521A - Office illuminating method, office, and luminaire - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an illuminating method which prevents the inside of an entire office from becoming dark and gloomy, provides the required illuminance for viewing work and an illuminated environment where it is easy to concentrate on viewing work, and can also achieve energy savings by blinking and dimming luminaires according to whether viewing operators are present or absent. SOLUTION: This illuminating method comprises ceiling-mounted luminaires 4, adapted for viewing work and having small-angle light distribution means, and luminaires 3, adapted for an indoor environment and each having a louver such that luminance in a direction of a vertical angle of 60 degrees or more is held at a predetermined value or less and also having in a part of the louver a light emitting part of a predetermined size and luminance. Desktop illuminance achieved by the luminaires 4 is from about 500 to 550 [lx], average horizontal plane illuminance achieved by the luminaires 3 is from about 200 to 250 [lx], and each luminaire 4 is provided with a human sensor. Therefore, energy savings can be achieved without decreasing visibility and a sense of brightness.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides illuminance for visual work and illuminance for an indoor environment, and does not make the room dark even if a seat where no visual worker is present is turned off. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lighting method for an office, which can maintain both a feeling of brightness and energy saving so as not to cause unpleasant glare and reflection glare on a VDT screen.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 shows a first conventional example, and FIG. 7 shows a conceptual view of a cross section thereof. In other words, this lighting system arranges lighting equipment equipped with fluorescent lamps at almost equal intervals on the ceiling,
It illuminates the room almost uniformly with an illuminance of around 750 lx, and is widely used as current office lighting.
The luminaire used in this method has a louver that reduces the luminance of a portion having a vertical angle of 60 degrees or more in order to prevent a high-luminance light-emitting surface from being reflected on the VDT screen and making the display difficult to see. Equipped.

[0003] In the first conventional example, since the lighting equipment equipped with a louver for restricting the brightness at a vertical angle of 60 degrees or more is used, the entire room is felt dark and gloom for the illuminance. There was a problem. Also, if you turn off the lights in the absent seats to save energy, the next seat will be dark,
There was a problem that even if you wanted to turn off the lights to save energy, you could not do so.

FIG. 8 shows a conceptual diagram of a second conventional example. This lighting system was devised as an energy-saving measure, in which the same lighting fixtures as in the first conventional example are arranged on the ceiling at substantially equal intervals, but 400 to 500 lx lower than in the first conventional example.
It illuminates the room almost uniformly with the illuminance. Instead, fluorescent lamp stands are installed on the top of each desk to compensate for the lack of illumination.

[0005] Compared to the first conventional example, this illumination system saves energy only by lowering the illuminance of the whole room, and saves energy in the absent seats by turning off the fluorescent lamp stand. However, as in the first conventional example, the problem that the whole room is dark and gloomy has not been solved, and the lighting stand on the desk obstructs the field of view, hinders work, and the effective area of the desk top surface is reduced. There was a problem of narrowing.

FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram of a third conventional example. This lighting system is devised to solve the problem of the fluorescent lamp stand of the second conventional example, in which a dedicated lighting device for illuminating the desk surface is arranged on the ceiling instead of the fluorescent lamp stand. However, the problem of the entire room being dark and gloomy has not been solved, and if the dedicated lighting equipment for the desk top is turned off when the user leaves, energy savings can be achieved, but the entire room will be too dark. There was a problem that I could feel.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and does not make the whole room dark and gloomy.
In addition, an office lighting method and a lighting apparatus are provided, in which the required illuminance for visual work is obtained, and energy saving is achieved by blinking and dimming the lighting apparatus according to the presence or absence of a visual worker. Has purpose.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A first aspect of the present invention is directed to a lighting apparatus provided with a narrow-angle light distribution means for visual work, which is mounted on a ceiling in an office room, and a vertical angle for an indoor environment. 6
An illumination method includes a luminaire having a louver whose luminance in a direction of 0 degree or more is equal to or less than a predetermined value, and including a light emitting unit having a predetermined size and luminance in a part of the louver.

[0009] By adopting the lighting method as described above, the illuminating equipment can secure the illuminance for the visual worker, make the room feel bright, and can save a great deal of energy.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lighting apparatus mounted on a ceiling and provided with a narrow-angle light distribution means for visual work, and a luminance in a direction of a vertical angle of 60 degrees or more for an indoor environment having a predetermined value. The office is provided with lighting equipment including a louver as described below, and a lighting fixture including a light emitting unit having a predetermined size and brightness in a part of the louver.

[0011] By providing the office with the lighting equipment as described above, the illuminance for the visual worker can be secured, the room feels bright, and significant energy savings can be achieved.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the illuminance of the desk surface by the luminaire for visual work is approximately 500 to 550 [lx], and the average horizontal illuminance at the height of the desk surface of the office by the luminaire for the indoor environment is approximately. It is set to be 200 to 250 [lx].

[0013] By adopting the illuminance as described above, energy saving is achieved, and a lighting environment is formed in which the interior of the room is perceived to be bright and the user can easily concentrate on visual work.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a lighting device for visual work is provided with blinking means by a human sensor and dimming means.

[0015] Thereby, energy saving can be achieved by lighting control according to the presence / absence of the visual worker.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Office lighting is composed of lighting equipment for individual visual workers (hereinafter referred to as task lighting equipment) and lighting equipment for indoor environments (hereinafter referred to as ambient lighting equipment). . The task lighting equipment has a narrow-angle light distribution attached to the ceiling above the vicinity of the visual worker so that the visual work surface is efficiently illuminated with a predetermined illuminance. The ambient lighting equipment has a vertical angle of 60 degrees or more. And a light emitting unit having a predetermined size and a luminance is provided in a part of the louver so that the indoor average horizontal plane illuminance becomes a predetermined value. And disperse them on the ceiling.

[0017] Here, the task luminaire has a narrow-angle light distribution, so that the desk top surface (viewing work surface) is efficiently illuminated with a predetermined illuminance, and even if the absent seat is turned off, the adjacent occupants are not occupied. An adverse effect such as darkening can be prevented. Further, there is no problem that a light emitting portion having a high luminance is reflected on a VDT screen used in the surroundings and the display becomes difficult to see.

Since the ambient lighting apparatus is provided with a louver whose luminance in a direction at a vertical angle of 60 degrees or more is not more than a predetermined value, a high-luminance light-emitting portion is reflected on the VDT screen so that the display becomes difficult to see. A wide-angle light distribution can be obtained that can prevent a problem and easily obtain a uniform illuminance distribution as illumination for an indoor environment. Further, by providing a light emitting portion having a predetermined size and brightness in a part of the louver, it is possible to obtain a special effect that the room feels bright, which is not available in the related art. Here, the light emitting portion having the predetermined size and brightness is based on the invention by the present inventors (Japanese Patent Application No. 7-021865), and the brightness of the shining area on the light emitting portion in the living room is represented by L [unit: cd / m2], and when the apparent magnitude of the radiance is a solid angle ω [unit: sr (sterasidian)], the relationship between the luminance L and the solid angle ω is 3.3 ≦ logL ≦ −0.3logω + 2.63 (1) or a range that satisfies the condition logL ≦ −0.3 logω + 2.63 (2) 3.64 ≦ logL ≦ 3.90 (3)

Next, the illuminance of the desk top surface by the task lighting equipment is approximately 500 to 550 [lx], and the average horizontal illuminance at the height of the desk top surface of the office by the ambient lighting equipment is approximately 200 to 2 [lx].
It should be 50 [lx]. Hereinafter, the reasons for this will be described.

The illuminance required for visual work is based on the illuminance standard (JIS Z 91
10) For example, 750 [lx] in the office
It is. Here, there is a problem as to how much the illuminance should be shared between the task lighting device and the ambient lighting device. The present inventors have already conducted visual work if the ratio of the illuminance Ei of the visual work surface to the illuminance Eo of the surroundings (same meaning as the illuminance for the indoor environment) is within the range of 3 ≦ Ei / Eo ≦ 20 (4). (Japanese Patent Application No. 08-102361). However, it is not clear whether or not this is effective for the sense of brightness.

Therefore, the present inventors conducted an experiment to find an illuminance sharing ratio in which the sense of brightness in the room was high and the degree of concentration was high.

(Experiment) The experiment was performed with a width of about 5 [m] and a depth of about 6
[m] in the office lab. Two desks and chairs in the room
A set of lighting fixtures was installed on the ceiling for ambient lighting (environmental lighting), visual work lighting, and a luminescent light emitting part.

For the environmental lighting, eight embedded lighting fixtures for two 40W straight tube fluorescent lamps with OA louvers were used. In order to provide a uniform illuminance distribution of 750 [lx] on the work surface, a narrow-angle light distribution luminaire for one 40W straight tube fluorescent lamp was directly mounted on the ceiling for visual work lighting. The luminous luminous part is a lighting fixture with a milky panel on the ceiling and a mask cut out of a square of 40 [mm] that satisfies formulas (1) to (3).
Individually dispersed and embedded in the ceiling, the brightness of the light emitting part is 7000 [c
d / m2].

The experimental conditions were as follows: the illuminance of the visual work surface was maintained at 750 [lx] by the dimmer, and only the environmental illuminance was 50, 100, 150, 2
00, 250, 300, 400, 500, and 750 were nine lighting conditions changed to [lx].

The experiment was performed in the following procedure. First, the subject was seated at a predetermined position and the contents of the experiment were taught. Next, the subjects were adapted to the pre-adaptation condition (300 [lx]) for 3 minutes. Then, one of the lighting conditions selected in a random order from the nine types of lighting conditions was presented.

Next, after the subject is adapted to the illuminance of the presented lighting condition for two minutes, the subject is asked if he / she feels bright when looking at the whole room, and if he works in this room, he can concentrate on the work. Or not? " The answer options are "bright"-"neither"-"dark",
"I can concentrate"-"Neither"-"I can't concentrate". The subjects were seven with normal vision.

(Experimental Results) FIG. 5 shows the experimental results, showing the relationship between the ambient illuminance, the percentage of subjects who answered that the impression of room brightness was “bright”, and the subjects who answered that they felt that they could “concentrate”. It is shown.

The vertical axis of the figure indicates that the answer of "bright" and "concentrate" is 1.0 point, the answer of "dark" and "inability to concentrate" is 0 point, and the answer of "neither" is 0 point. This is the average of all subjects who scored .5. From FIG. 5, it can be seen that, for example, in order for 70% or more of the subjects to answer bright, the surrounding illuminance needs to be 200 [lx] or more.

On the other hand, with regard to the evaluation of the degree of concentration, most subjects answered that they can concentrate at a peripheral illuminance of about 150 [lx] (peripheral illuminance / working surface illuminance: 0.2). The number decreases.

As described above, it is necessary to obtain the agreement of 70% or more of both the evaluation of the sense of brightness and the degree of concentration in the room.
~ 250 [lx] required.

This allows the task lighting fixture to cover the desk top surface with 50
Illuminate at 0 to 550 [lx], and use 20
By illuminating from 0 to 250 [lx], the desk top surface finally obtains the JIS standard value of 750 [lx], and it is easy to concentrate on visual work, and an illumination environment with a high sense of brightness is obtained. further,
By reducing the surrounding illuminance lower than the conventional 750 [lx], power consumption can be reduced.

Next, the task lighting apparatus is provided with a flickering means using a human sensor and a dimming means. Thereby, depending on the presence or absence of the visual operator, the task lighting device for the visual operator is automatically turned on / off, and energy can be saved.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a lighting method and an office according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is the area 1
2.8m x 14m, 2.8m high living room, 2 is a desk for visual workers, 3
Reference numeral 4 denotes an ambient lighting device for an indoor environment, and reference numeral 4 denotes a task lighting device for exclusively illuminating a visual work surface (desk surface) of each visual worker. As for the ambient lighting fixtures 3, 19 units are attached to the ceiling almost uniformly distributed. The task lighting fixture 4 is mounted on the ceiling near each of the 28 visual operators.

FIG. 2 is an external view of the lower surface of the ambient lighting apparatus 3, wherein 5 is a louver and 6 is a luminous light emitting section. Although not shown, the ambient luminaire 3 includes one Hf fluorescent lamp 45W, and the louver 5 has a vertical angle of 60W.
Luminance in directions above degrees is equivalent to "Class 1" in the Office Lighting Standard (IEEJ Technical Standard JIEC-001 (1992))
The optical design is designed to be 50 [cd / m ² ] or less and the light distribution is wide. The luminous light emitting part 6 is based on the formula (2)
Assuming that the formulas and the formula (3) are satisfied, the shape is a quadrangular pyramid having four sides of 4 cm, and the luminance is designed to be 7000 [cd / m ² ].

FIG. 3 is an external view of the lower surface of the task lighting fixture 4, and 7 is a human sensor. Although not shown, the task luminaire 4 has a built-in Hf fluorescent lamp 45W, and the reflector and louver are optically designed in a narrow-angle light distribution so that the visual work surface is efficiently illuminated with a predetermined illuminance. is there.

By using the lighting method as shown in FIG. 1, an illuminance of 250 [lx] in the indoor environment was obtained, and 750 [lx] necessary for visual work on the desk surface was obtained. In addition, a light environment that easily concentrates on visual work was formed. As a result, FIG.
The power capacity is about 47% as compared with the conventional example.

Further, although the ambient illuminance in the room was made lower than in the past, the sense of brightness in the room was increased by using a structure in which the ambient lighting device had a luminous light emitting portion.

Furthermore, the light distribution of the task lighting equipment was set to a narrow-angle light distribution and a human sensor was provided, so that when a person was absent, the light could be turned off without affecting the persons in the next seat. This allows
Since the task lighting equipment can be turned on and off according to the presence / absence, energy saving in actual operation can be achieved. FIG. 4 shows the measured values of the power consumption of the conventional example (FIG. 6) and the measurement of the power consumption after the conventional example (FIG. 6) is remodeled to the present embodiment (FIG. 1), assuming that the arrangement of the desks is the same. It shows the transition of the value. From this data, it was confirmed that the power consumption was reduced to about 35% in actual use. In addition, in actual use, even when half of the task lighting fixtures were turned off, the brightness of the ambient lighting fixture could be as high as that of the conventional example due to the luminous light emitting portion of the ambient lighting fixture.

[0039]

As described above, the present invention is directed to a lighting apparatus provided with a narrow-angle light distribution means for visual work, mounted on a ceiling, and a vertical angle of 60 degrees or more for an indoor environment. Equipped with a louver such that the brightness is equal to or less than a predetermined value, and
A luminaire having a light-emitting unit having a predetermined size and brightness on a part of the louver, the illuminance for the desk surface by the luminaire for visual work is approximately 500 to 550 [lx], and the illumination for the indoor environment. Equipped with blinking means by a human sensor and dimming means so that the average horizontal illuminance at the height of the desk surface of the office by the appliance is approximately 200 to 250 [lx], the illuminance required for visual work, A light environment that is easy to concentrate on visual work can be obtained with less power, and lighting control according to presence or absence can be done without lowering the sense of brightness in the room and without affecting the people next to the seat, Energy saving can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a lighting method and an office according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external view of the lower surface of the ambient lighting device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an external view of the lower surface of the task lighting device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing actually measured data of power consumption according to an embodiment of the present invention and power consumption according to a conventional example.

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing a relationship between indoor environment illuminance, brightness feeling, and degree of concentration with respect to visual work surface illuminance.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a first conventional example of office lighting.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of a cross section of the first conventional example.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a second conventional example of office lighting.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a third conventional example of office lighting.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Living room 2 Desk of visual worker 3 Ambient lighting equipment 4 Task lighting equipment 5 Louver 6 Shining light emitting part 7 Human sensor 8 Conventional lighting equipment (for 2 lights) 9 Conventional lighting equipment (for 3 lights)

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A lighting device mounted on a ceiling and provided with a narrow-angle light distribution means for visual work, and a brightness in a direction at a vertical angle of 60 degrees or more for an indoor environment is equal to or less than a predetermined value. An illumination method for an office, comprising: a lighting device provided with a light-emitting portion having a predetermined size and brightness in a part of the louver. 2. A luminaire provided with a narrow-angle light distribution means for visual work, mounted on a ceiling, and a luminance in a direction of a vertical angle of 60 degrees or more for an indoor environment is equal to or less than a predetermined value. An office provided with a lighting device comprising: a louver, and a lighting device having a light-emitting unit having a predetermined size and brightness in a part of the louver. 3. A first lighting fixture mounted on a ceiling and provided with a narrow-angle light distribution means for visual work, and a brightness in a direction of a vertical angle of 60 degrees or more for an indoor environment is a predetermined value or less. And a second luminaire provided with a light-emitting unit having a predetermined size and brightness in a part of the louver, and the illuminance on the desk surface by the first luminaire is approximately 500 to 550 [lx], the average horizontal plane illuminance at the height of the desk surface of the office by the second lighting device is approximately 200 to 250.
[lx] A lighting fixture characterized by the fact that the lighting fixture is [lx]. 4. A first luminaire having a narrow-angle light distribution means mounted on a ceiling for visual work, and a luminance in a direction of a vertical angle of 60 degrees or more for an indoor environment is a predetermined value or less. And a second luminaire having a light-emitting portion having a predetermined size and luminance in a part of the louver, and provided with a flickering means by a human sensor and a dimming means. lighting equipment.