JPH09129010A - Illumination method and luminaire - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a light environment for giving desired illumination intensity to a working area and improving concentration by illuminating the working area around working objects and its vicinity at different color temperatures and forming a definite illumination gradient at an illumination boundary. SOLUTION: A transparent glass 4 with color temperature changing property is arranged to show an illumination environment, where a working area and its vicinity exist. At a boundary between the illumination intensity Ei of the working area and the illumination intensity Eo of its vicinity, an illumination gradient ΔE as a difference between the illumination intensities in terms of a distance is 80<=ΔE<=400(1x/cm). 100<=Mi, Mo<=400 and (1.38.Mi-260)<=Mo<=(1.38.Mi-40) also apply, where Mi is the color temperature of light to illuminate the working area and Mo is the color temperature of light to illuminate its vicinity. The light environment, where a worker shows a high concentration, can thus be realized and energy saving can be attained.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of illuminating a work space for performing work requiring concentration and a lighting fixture.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the illuminance required for visual work such as office work and study is based on a study on the relationship between the visibility and the illuminance in order to ensure the visibility of workers. , J
ISZ 9110 defines each location and type of visual work. For example, 750 [lx] for a general office in an office, 750 to 1500 [lx] for a design room, and 1000 to 1000 for a work for distinguishing a figure with little contrast for a long time. 2000 [lx], 500-1000 [lx] in a study room at home. However, there is no regulation on the distribution of illuminance or the color temperature of the light source. However, technical guidelines (JIE
In C-001 (1992)), it is desirable that the illuminance distribution in the office is uniform, and the minimum illuminance / average illuminance is 0.6 or more. In addition, in the "Lighting Handbook" edited by the same lighting society (1987, p272),
It is recommended that the minimum / average value of the horizontal plane illuminance be 0.8 or more for the illuminance distribution due to local illumination such as the desk top.

Further, in the same handbook (p280),
It is recommended to set the illuminance distribution so that the luminance ratio between the work object and its adjacent portion is within 1: 3.

As for the actual situation, a general office is illuminated almost uniformly with an illuminance of about 750 [lx],
There was almost no difference in illuminance between the work area on the desk top and the peripheral area, and between the desk top and the peripheral area other than the desk top. Most of the light sources used for illumination are fluorescent lamps, and the fluorescent lamps are, for example, three-wavelength band emission type fluorescent lamps (color temperature 200 [Miredo], where Mired = 10 ⁶ / color temperature [K; Kelvin] Note that in the present specification, unless otherwise specified, the unit of color temperature is Milled), and there is no difference in color temperature.

[0005] On the other hand, most of the study rooms at home are lights in which one fluorescent lamp fixture is attached to the center of the ceiling of the room or lights in which a lighting stand is added. With fluorescent lighting installed on the central ceiling of the room,
The illuminance was 200 to 500 [lx] in the central part of the room, and although the illuminance in the peripheral part of the room was lower than that in the central part, there was no illuminance difference to the extent that it could be perceived as bright or dark. In the study desk with a lighting stand, the center of the desk top is approximately 750 [l
x], and about 300 [lx] in the peripheral part of the desk top.

In the case of the fluorescent lamp stand, the color temperature was almost the same as that of the fluorescent lamp mounted on the ceiling. In addition, the desk top surface is a fluorescent lamp for general lighting (color temperature 15
0 [Milled]) and a light bulb type stand (color temperature 350 [Milled]), there is a color temperature difference, but the mixing ratio on the desk surface is about 1: 3, and the difference is about 100.
It was [Milled].

Further, in the living room of a home, a floor stand with a built-in light bulb is sometimes used when the whole room is illuminated with a fluorescent lamp and a book is read. In this case, the illuminance by the fluorescent lamp was 150 to 300 [lx], and when the floor stand was used together, the illuminance was 300 to 750 [lx]. However, at this time, the illuminance changed slowly in the room, and the illuminance boundary was not felt. There was a difference in color temperature of about 100 [milled] as in the case of the light bulb type stand.

The biggest reason why the lighting stand is used together in the study room or the floor stand is used together in the living room is to eliminate the lack of illuminance due to the fluorescent lamp installed on the ceiling. It was not to provide a difference in illuminance or a difference in color temperature between the surrounding area and the surrounding area. As a result, a certain illuminance difference or color temperature difference may occur between the desk top surface and its surroundings, but this is only a result and not the intended illuminance difference or color temperature difference. Further, the illuminance difference between the central portion and the peripheral portion of the desk top surface and between the desk top surface and the peripheral portion other than the desk top surface is approximately 2: 1 to 3: 1 in ratio, and the change is the boundary. It was not a clear one that made me feel, but a gentle one.

By the way, when performing work that requires thought and involves attention, the work surface needs to have a certain brightness so that the work can be visually recognized sufficiently, but the brightness of the surroundings is the work. It may be experienced that a light environment that is somewhat darker than the surface may be more focused and work than a light environment of similar brightness on the work surface and the surroundings. In other words, this light environment is a light environment in which there is a high illuminance portion and a low illuminance portion in one room and the illuminance is low.

Further, for example, when the lighting of the entire living room by a fluorescent lamp and the lighting of a floor stand with a built-in light bulb are used together, it is easy to concentrate on reading. This is because the illuminance in the surrounding area is lower than in the work area, and the paper surface (work area) is illuminated by a light bulb with a low color temperature, and the surrounding area is illuminated by a fluorescent lamp with a high color temperature. Inferred.

However, conventionally, an environment in which the entire room is uniformly and brightly illuminated is a preferable environment, and it is generally considered that it is preferable that a local work surface such as a desk top is also brightly and uniformly illuminated. However, there has not been provided a lighting method or a lighting device that increases the degree of concentration by providing a difference in illuminance or a difference in color temperature.

Further, in a show window or a department store, spot light may be applied to a specific object. In this case, there may be a perceptible difference in illuminance between the periphery and the boundary illuminated by the spot light. However, this is for the purpose of attracting people's attention to a specific object, and is not a lighting method used in the work space for the purpose of increasing the degree of concentration.

[0013]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In other words, the conventional light environment required for visual work such as office work and study is that the office is uniformly illuminated with the minimum necessary illuminance for economic reasons. Yes, if the appearance is defective, for example, by adding a lighting stand for the purpose of compensating for the insufficient illuminance, only the visibility of the visual object is considered,
The degree of worker concentration and work efficiency were not considered at all.

Therefore, by keeping the illuminance on the horizontal surface of the work area at a predetermined value and lowering the illuminance around the work area, when the work is performed in the illumination environment, the visibility of the worker is ensured and the work is performed. It is an effective means to realize an environment where people are highly concentrated and energy is saved.
Furthermore, by providing a difference in color temperature between the work area and the surroundings, it becomes an effective means for realizing an illumination environment in which the worker is highly concentrated.

The present invention solves the above problem, and provides a lighting method and a lighting device which ensure the visibility of the worker, and which are highly concentrated and contribute to energy saving. It is intended.

[0016]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has an illumination environment in which a work area centering on a work object and a peripheral portion of the work area are present, and the illuminance of the work area is The illuminance difference is higher than the illuminance of the peripheral portion, and the illuminance difference between the work area and the peripheral portion can be perceived at the boundary portion of the illuminance of the work area and the peripheral portion.

Further, in an illumination environment in which a work area centering on a work object and a peripheral portion of the work area are present, the illuminance Ei of the work area and the illuminance Eo of the peripheral portion.
At the boundary of the illuminance, if the gradient ΔE of the illuminance is the difference in illuminance with respect to the distance [cm], then ΔE is 80 ≦ ΔE ≦ 400 [lx / cm]
It is assumed that.

Further, in an illumination environment in which a work area centering on the work object and a peripheral portion of the work area exist, the color temperature of the light illuminating the work area is Mi, and the color temperature of the light illuminating the peripheral portion is Mi. When the color temperature is Mo, the color temperatures Mi and Mo are 100 ≦ Mi and Mo ≦ 400, and the color temperature Mo is (1.38 · Mi-260) ≦ Mo ≦ (1.38 · Mi). −
40).

Further, when a predetermined value of the horizontal plane illuminance of the work area is Ei and a horizontal plane illuminance of the peripheral portion is Eo, a ratio Ei / Eo of the horizontal plane illuminance Ei of the work area and the horizontal plane illuminance Eo of the peripheral portion is 3 ≦ Ei / Eo ≦ 20, and the range of the illuminance Ei of the work area is the range of diameter 50 to 150 [cm].

[0020]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Generally, as one of the methods for evaluating the degree of concentration of a person who performs a certain work, there is a subjective evaluation method for asking the worker himself how much he has been concentrated on the work. This evaluation method is very easy to use because it can be easily performed by anyone.

On the other hand, as another method of evaluating the worker's degree of concentration, there is a method of using a physiological index. This is an objective method for evaluating the degree of concentration of a worker by capturing the physiological changes of the worker. Among various physiological reactions, the lambda reaction is a reaction for evaluating the degree of concentration of the worker. The lambda response is one of the event-related potentials of EEG. For example, when searching for something or reading a book, the human eye repeatedly moves rapidly, stops, moves rapidly, and stops. This smooth movement of the eyes is called saccadic eye movement. In this saccadic eye movement, a lambda reaction is caused when the eye moves rapidly called a saccade, and a positive potential that occurs about 100 ms after the eye moves rapidly and stops.

Reference “Japanese Psychological Research” (Yagi, A (1982b, Japanese
Psychological Research, 2
4, 106-110; 1982c, The 8th C.
ongress of International
Ergonomics Association, 38
2-383)), reports that the lambda reaction is an effective index as a means for evaluating the degree of concentration of a worker when performing visual work, and that the load of visual information processing on the worker is high. It has been clarified that the lambda reaction appears stably, that is, the stability of the lambda reaction is high, when the worker is performing work requiring attention.

Therefore, the inventors first conducted a subjective evaluation experiment on the relationship between the illuminance gradient at the boundary between the illuminance of the work area and the peripheral area and the degree of concentration of the worker. The size of the work area is 60 [cm], the color temperature of the work area is 300 [milled], the color temperature of the surrounding area is 200 [milled], the illuminance of the work area is 750 [lx], the work area and the surrounding area. The illuminance ratio was set to 5, and the worker was made to work under the condition that the illuminance gradient at the boundary between the work area and the surrounding illuminance was variously changed, and it was evaluated whether or not the worker could concentrate.

FIG. 4 shows the ratio of workers who are evaluated as "concentrated" and the illuminance gradient [l of the boundary between the work area and the illuminance of the surrounding area.
x / cm]. The vertical axis represents the percentage of workers who evaluated that they could concentrate, and the horizontal axis represents the illuminance gradient at the boundary. From the figure, the illuminance gradient ΔE at the boundary is 80 ≦
It can be seen that when ΔE ≦ 400, the percentage of workers who are evaluated as “concentrated” is 70%. Therefore, as an effect of the illuminance gradient, the illuminance gradient ΔE at the boundary is 80 ≦ ΔE.
When ≦ 400, that is, the illuminance gradient ΔE is 80 ≦ ΔE ≦ 4
If it is clearer than the case of 00, the worker can work more intensively, and it is more blurred than when the illuminance gradient is less than 80 [lx / cm], that is, when the illuminance gradient is 80 [lx / cm]. Therefore, the worker can conclude that it is difficult to work intensively.

It should be noted that the same result was obtained in an experiment conducted in the range of the illuminance ratio of the work area to the peripheral illuminance range of 3 to 20 and in the work area range of 50 to 150 [cm]. was gotten.

Therefore, due to the effect of the illuminance gradient described above, even in a lighting environment in which the ratio of the illuminance in the work area to the illuminance in the peripheral area is 3 to 20 and the size of the work area is 50 to 150 [cm] in diameter. Since the illuminance gradient ΔE exists in the range of 80 ≦ ΔE ≦ 400 at the boundary between the illuminance of the central portion and the peripheral portion of the work surface, the worker can work more intensively.

Next, the effect of the color temperature of the work area and the illumination of the periphery of the work area on the degree of concentration of the worker will be described. The size of the work area was 70 [cm], the illuminance of the work area was 750 [lx], the illuminance ratio between the work area and the surrounding area was 5, and the illuminance gradient between the work area and the surrounding area was 250 [lx / cm]. Under the conditions, a subjective evaluation experiment was conducted on the degree of concentration of the worker when the color temperature of the light illuminating the work area and the peripheral part was changed.

FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the color temperature Mi in which the operator is highly concentrated and the color temperature Mo in the peripheral area. When Mi and Mo are smaller than 100 and larger than 400, respectively, the color temperature is very uncomfortable as a color temperature in the room where the work is performed. Therefore, first, M
The ranges of i and Mo are 100 ≦ Mi and Mo ≦ 400, respectively.
And The crosses in the figure indicate the color temperature conditions of the work area and the surrounding area where 70% or more of workers were evaluated to be able to concentrate, and ●
The mark (black circle) indicates the color temperature condition that 90% or more of workers are evaluated to be able to concentrate. "Color temperature of peripheral area / color temperature of work area" is shown in parentheses.

The solid line in FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the color temperature Mi of the work area and the color temperature Mo of the peripheral area, which is evaluated as being able to concentrate 90% or more of the workers, and Mo =
It is represented as 1.38Mi-184. The area between the two broken lines (hatched area) is an area where 70% or more of workers are evaluated to be able to concentrate, and (1.38Mi-260) ≦ Mo ≦ (1.38Mi-4)
0). From the above, when the color temperatures of the work area and the peripheral portion are the color temperature conditions in the shaded portion shown in FIG. 5, the degree of concentration of the worker on the work is high.

The illuminance gradient ΔE between the work area and the peripheral area
Even when is 80 ≦ ΔE ≦ 400, the color temperature condition with high concentration is in the shaded area shown in FIG. In addition, the ratio of the illuminance of the work area and the illuminance of the peripheral portion is in the range of 3 to 20, and the range of the illuminance of the work area is 5 mm in diameter.
The same result was obtained in the experiment conducted in the range of 0 to 150 [cm].

Therefore, due to the effect of the above color temperature condition, the illuminance gradient ΔE between the work area and the peripheral portion is 80 ≦ ΔE ≦.
Even in the case of 400, even when the ratio of the illuminance of the work area and the illuminance of the peripheral portion is 3 to 20 and the size of the work area is 50 to 150 [cm] in diameter, the work area and the surrounding area The illuminance gradient ΔE is 80 ≦ Δ at the boundary of the illuminance
By being present in the range of E ≦ 400, the worker can work more intensively.

Based on the above subjective evaluation experiment, an evaluation experiment of the degree of concentration by the lambda reaction was conducted. Lighting conditions are
Illumination range of work area is 20 ~ 180 [cm], illuminance of work area is 750 [lx], illuminance ratio of work area and surroundings is 5, color temperature of work area and surroundings is 200 [milled] respectively, work The illuminance gradient between the area and the surrounding area is 200 [lx / c
m] Then, under the above lighting conditions, 1
During the work, the brain waves of the subject during the work were measured. After the measurement, the measured electroencephalograms were added to determine the lambda reaction, and the stability of the lambda reaction was determined. FIG. 6 shows the experimental results and shows the relationship between the stability of the lambda reaction and the size of the work area. The vertical axis shows the stability of the lambda reaction, the higher the stability is, that is, the worker is concentrated, the lower the lambda reaction is, the lower the worker is. Indicates that you are not focused.

As is apparent from FIG. 6, the stability of the lambda reaction is high when the size of the work area is 50 cm or more,
That is, it can be seen that the degree of concentration of workers is high. It was also found that when the size of the work area exceeds 150 [cm], the stability of the lambda reaction becomes low, that is, the worker's concentration becomes low.

On the other hand, in an experiment in which the eyestrain of the worker is evaluated and reported in an illumination environment in which the illuminance ratio between the work area and the peripheral area of the work area is variously changed, the illuminance of the work area and the illuminance of the peripheral area are measured. When the ratio was greater than 20, the proportion of workers complaining of eye fatigue was 80% or more.

As is clear from the above results, the illuminance ratio between the illuminance of the work area and the illuminance of the peripheral area is 3 to 20, the size of the work area is 50 to 150 [cm] in diameter, and the illuminance of the work area and the peripheral area. The gradient ΔE [lx / cm] is 80 ≦ ΔE ≦ 400, the work area color temperature Mo and the peripheral color temperature Mi are 100 ≦.
Mi, Mo ≦ 400 and Mo is (1.38 · Mi-260) ≦ Mo ≦ (1.38 · Mi−
40) When the worker is made to work in the lighting environment, the worker can work more intensively than in other lighting environments. Therefore, when the worker performs the work under this lighting environment, the worker can concentrate the work, so that the work efficiency of the worker is improved and the illuminance of the work area is higher than a certain level. However, by reducing the illuminance in the periphery of the work area, it is possible to contribute to energy reduction.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Suppose that a person sits in a chair placed indoors and works on a desk. FIG. 7 shows the illuminance adapted to the type of place and work content in the JIS illuminance standard, and shows the illuminance on the horizontal surface of the desk surface. In the case of a general office, assuming that the illuminance on the desk top surface is 750 [lx] from FIG. 8, according to the present invention, the illuminance around the desk top surface is in the range of 37.5 to 250 [lx]. Further, assuming that the illuminance on the desk surface is, for example, 1000 [lx], according to the present invention, the illuminance around the desk is 50 to 33.
It is in the range of 3 [lx]. In addition, the illuminance on the desk surface is, for example, 15
If it is 00 [lx], according to the present invention, the illuminance around the desk is in the range of 75 to 500 [lx]. In the case of a room where one or more sets of desks and chairs are arranged, the conditions of illuminance ratio, size of work area, illuminance gradient, and color temperature of the present invention are satisfied on and around each desk. Good.

(First Embodiment) A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a stand lighting fixture showing a first embodiment for realizing the present invention based on the above results. In FIG. 1, 1 is a main body of a stand lighting fixture, 2 is a light source, and a 75w clear type mini krypton bulb is used. 3 is the filament of the light bulb. 4
Is a transparent material formed into a cylindrical shape and having a color temperature conversion characteristic, and uses transparent glass having a high color temperature conversion characteristic. Reference numeral 5 is a holding object for a cylindrical transparent glass 4 which is formed of an opaque plastic material into a cylindrical shape. 6 is an arm.

In this luminaire, the length L from the bulb filament 3 to the lower end of the cylindrical transparent glass 4 is 10 [c
m], and the diameter φ of the transparent glass 4 is 12 [cm]. Here, the color temperature of the light emitted from the light source 2 is 350 [milled], and about half of the light illuminates the central portion of the desk top as it is. The remaining half of the light passes through the transparent glass 4 having a high color temperature conversion characteristic and illuminates the peripheral portion of the desk top surface and the outside of the desk. The light emitted from the light source 2 and transmitted through the cylindrical transparent glass 4 having a high color temperature conversion characteristic is 250 [milled]
Converted to the color temperature of. As a result, the transmitted light is attenuated to about 1/5.

FIG. 2 shows an illuminance pattern on the desk top surface when the stand illuminator main body of FIG. 1 is installed on the left front part of the desk at a height of 50 cm. As shown in FIG. 2, the area illuminated by direct light on the desk surface (work area) and the area illuminated by transmitted light (peripheral area) are clearly separated illuminance patterns, and both areas are There is an illuminance boundary (edge) that divides the. The diameter of the work area is about 60 cm, the color temperature of the light illuminating the work area is 350 [milled], and the average illuminance of the work area is about 750 [lx]. The peripheral area is illuminated with light having a color temperature of 250 [mild], and the average illuminance is about 100 [lx]. The illuminance gradient at the edge is about 290 [lx / cm]. In FIG. 1,
Instead of the cylindrical transparent glass 4 having a high color temperature conversion characteristic, a cylindrical diffuse transmission glass or a resin diffusion transmission material may be used.

(Embodiment 2) Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a lighting fixture that is a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, 7 is a lighting fixture main body, 8 is a light source, and is a 100-w mini halogen bulb (color temperature 350 [milled]). Reference numeral 9 is a spheroidal reflecting mirror, 10 is a light source, and is a ring-shaped white fluorescent lamp of 20 w (color temperature 240 [milled]), and 11 is a nipple panel. Reference numeral 12 denotes a brim portion integrally formed with the spheroidal reflecting mirror 9, and has a function as a support member of the night panel 11 and a function of blocking a part of light from the ring-shaped fluorescent lamp 10.

Here, the light emitted from the light source 8 is reflected by the spheroidal reflecting mirror 9, focused once below the main body 7 of the luminaire, and then radiated to the central portion of the desk. Light source 10
The light emitted from the ring fluorescent lamp of
Diffuses and transmits at and illuminates the top surface and the periphery of the desk.

When the luminaire of FIG. 3 is attached to the front left end of the desk at a position 1.5 m above the desk top surface, an illuminance pattern similar to the illuminance pattern shown in FIG. 2 is obtained on the desk top surface. In this case, the diameter of the work area is about 90 [cm], and the average illuminance in the work area is about 800 [lx]. The light illuminating the work area is the light of the white fluorescent lamp of the light source 10 mixed with the light of the mini halogen bulb of the light source 8.
The color temperature is 320 [Milled]. The illuminance of the peripheral area is about 800 [lx] and the color temperature is 240 [Milled]. The illuminance gradient between the work area and the peripheral area is 250 [lx / cm] due to the addition of the light blocking effect by the collar 12 of the spheroidal reflecting mirror in FIG.

When the light source 10 shown in FIG. 3 is replaced by a white fluorescent lamp, a light bulb color fluorescent lamp is used.
2nd embodiment of the present invention. Alternatively, the entire room may be illuminated with a fluorescent lamp at an illuminance of about 100 [lx], and the top surface of each desk may be illuminated with a lighting device including the light source 8 and the reflecting mirror 9 shown in FIG.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention, the illuminance Ei of the work area and the surroundings thereof in the lighting environment in which the illuminance gradient exists between the work area centering on the work object and the peripheral portion of the work area. By setting the gradient ΔE of the illuminance at the boundary with the illuminance Eo of the area to 80 ≦ ΔE ≦ 400 [lx / cm], it is possible to form a light environment in which the visual work can be easily concentrated.

Further, assuming that the color temperature of the light illuminating the work area is Mi and the color temperature of the light illuminating the peripheral area is Mo, Mi and Mo are 100 ≦ Mi and Mo ≦ 400, respectively.
And Mo is (1.38 · Mi-260) ≦ Mo ≦ (1.3
By setting 8 · Mi-40), it is possible to form a light environment in which it is easier to concentrate on visual work.

Further, the ratio Ei / Eo between the horizontal illuminance Ei of the work area and the horizontal illuminance Eo of the peripheral area is 3 ≦.
By setting the range of Ei / Eo ≦ 20 and the range of the illuminance Ei of the work area to the range of diameter 50 to 150 [cm],
It is possible to form a lighting environment in which the degree of concentration of workers is high. In addition, since the illuminance in the peripheral area can be reduced to about 1/10 of the conventional one, it can contribute to energy saving.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a stand lighting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an illuminance pattern on a desk surface according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a lighting fixture according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the ratio of workers who have been evaluated as “focused” and the illuminance gradient.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the color temperature of a highly concentrated work area and the color temperature of a peripheral area.

FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between the size of the work area and the stability of the lambda reaction.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the illuminance adapted to the type of place and work content in the JIS illuminance standard.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stand lighting fixture body 2 Light source 3 Filament 4 Transparent material formed into a cylindrical shape and having a color temperature conversion property 5 Retainer 6 Arm 7 Lighting fixture body 8 Light source 9 Reflector 10 Light source 11 Nanny panel 12 Reflector collar 13 Lamp Retention spring

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. An illumination environment in which a work area centered on a work object and a peripheral portion of the work area are present, and the illuminance of the work area is higher than the illuminance of the peripheral portion, and the work area and the peripheral area. An illumination method, wherein a difference in illuminance between the work area and the peripheral portion can be perceived at a boundary portion of the illuminance of a part. 2. In an illumination environment in which a work area centering on a work object and a peripheral portion of the work area exist, a gradient of the illuminance at a boundary portion between the illuminance Ei of the work area and the illuminance Eo of the peripheral portion. An illumination method, wherein ΔE is 80 ≦ ΔE ≦ 400 [lx / cm], where ΔE is a difference in illuminance with respect to a distance [cm]. 3. In a lighting environment in which a work area centering on a work object and a peripheral portion of the work area are present, the color temperature of the light illuminating the work area is Mi [unit: Milled, Milled = 10 ⁶ / Color temperature [K; Kelvin], where Mo is the color temperature of the light illuminating the peripheral portion, the color temperatures Mi and Mo are 100 ≦ Mi and Mo ≦ 400, and the color temperature Mo is 1.38 · Mi-260) ≦ Mo ≦ (1.38 · Mi−
40) A lighting method characterized in that 4. The color temperature of the light illuminating the work area is set to Mi.
([Unit: Milled], Milled = 10 ⁶ / Color temperature [K;
Kelvin]), where Mo is the color temperature of the light illuminating the peripheral portion, the color temperatures Mi, Mo are 100 ≦ Mi, Mo ≦ 4.
00 and the color temperature Mo is (1.38 · Mi
-260) ≦ Mo ≦ (1.38 · Mi-40), The lighting method according to claim 2. 5. A predetermined value of horizontal illuminance in the work area is Ei,
When the horizontal plane illuminance of the peripheral portion is Eo, the ratio E of the horizontal plane illuminance Ei of the working area and the horizontal plane illuminance Eo of the peripheral portion is E.
i / Eo is in the range of 3 ≦ Ei / Eo ≦ 20, and the range of the illuminance Ei of the work area is in the range of 50 to 150 [cm] in diameter. 5. Illumination method described in. 6. An illumination environment in which a work area centering on a work object and a peripheral portion of the work area are present, and the illuminance of the work area is higher than the illuminance of the peripheral portion, and A luminaire characterized in that a difference in illuminance between the work area and the peripheral portion can be perceived at a boundary portion of the illuminance in the peripheral portion. 7. In an illumination environment in which a work area centering on a work object and a peripheral portion of the work area exist, a gradient of the illuminance at a boundary portion between the illuminance Ei of the work area and the illuminance Eo of the peripheral portion. A luminaire, wherein ΔE is 80 ≦ ΔE ≦ 400 [lx / cm], where ΔE is a difference in illuminance with respect to a distance [cm]. 8. An illumination environment in which a work area centering on a work object and a peripheral portion of the work area are present, and the color temperature of light illuminating the work area is set to Mi ([unit: Milled], Mired = 10 ⁶ / color temperature [K; Kelvin]), and when the color temperature of the light illuminating the peripheral portion is Mo, the color temperatures Mi and Mo are 100 ≦ Mi and Mo ≦ 400, and the color is The temperature Mo is (1.38 · Mi-260) ≦ Mo ≦ (1.38 · Mi−
40) A luminaire characterized by: 9. The color temperature of the light illuminating the work area is set to Mi.
([Unit: Milled], Milled = 10 ⁶ / Color temperature [K;
Kelvin]), where Mo is the color temperature of the light illuminating the peripheral portion, the color temperatures Mi, Mo are 100 ≦ Mi, Mo ≦ 4.
00 and the color temperature Mo is (1.38 · Mi
-260) ≦ Mo ≦ (1.38 · Mi-40), The luminaire according to claim 7. 10. A predetermined value of horizontal plane illuminance in a work area is defined as E.
i, where Eo is the horizontal plane illuminance of the peripheral area, the ratio Ei / Eo of the horizontal plane illuminance Ei of the work area to the horizontal plane illuminance Eo of the peripheral section is in the range of 3 ≦ Ei / Eo ≦ 20, and The luminaire according to claim 7, 8 or 9, wherein the illuminance Ei is in the range of 50 to 150 [cm] in diameter.