JPH10250678A - Gantry crane for loading/unloading work in ship - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gantry crane installed on a ship, which enables loading and unloading of cargos such as containers, effectively. SOLUTION: A trolley 6 movable toward the broadside is installed on a gantry 4 movable on the deck 2 in the longitudinal direction of the hull, and at least three spreaders 7 are hung down from the trolley 6, and winches lifting and sinking respective spreaders by wires are furnished on the trolley 6, and the loading and unloading of the cargos such as containers of various sizes are performed using individual spreaders or by coupling them together.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gantry crane installed on a cargo ship such as a container ship for loading and unloading cargo.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, various types of cargo ships such as container ships are frequently used in marine transportation of various types of cargo. These cargo ships have gantry cranes on deck for loading and unloading cargo.

A conventional gantry crane includes a gantry that moves in the longitudinal direction of the hull over an upper deck across a hatch of a hold, a trolley that moves on the gantry in a sideward direction, and a gantry for loading and unloading cargo. And a spreader suspended from the trolley so as to be able to move up and down. At the time of cargo handling work, cargo such as a container is attached to the spreader and suspended.

In a conventional gantry crane, a single spreader having a width approximately equal to that of a long cargo, for example, a container having a length of 40 feet (approximately 12.2 m) is provided on a traversing carriage. I have.

However, in actual transportation, there are various lengths, for example, in the case of containers, there are 12 feet (about 3.7 m) and 20 feet (about 6 m) in addition to the above-mentioned 40-foot container. These may be mixed. In this case, the conventional spreader has a problem in that at most two containers can be loaded or unloaded at a time, and a large number of containers cannot be handled at the same time.

Further, conventionally, in the loading and unloading of containers and the like, for example, when two containers are simultaneously loaded or unloaded, if the container suspended from the spreader shakes (load swing), the container is suppressed by hand manually. I was Therefore, there is a problem that this work involves a great danger.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and is capable of handling cargoes of various sizes and handling a plurality of cargoes at the same time. An object of the present invention is to provide a gantry crane for cargo handling that can be carried out.

[0008]

A gantry crane according to the present invention straddles a hatch of a hold, and moves on the upper deck in the longitudinal direction of the hull, a trolley moving on the gantry in a ship side direction, and A spreader suspended from the trolley for loading and unloading, wherein at least three spreaders and hoisting means for raising and lowering the spreader by wires are provided on the trolley, and at least one connecting the spreader is provided. The present invention is also characterized in that two connecting means are provided so that the spreaders can be operated independently or connected.

The gantry crane of the present invention is provided with a plurality of spreaders on a single trolley, a plurality of hoisting means for respectively raising and lowering the spreaders by wires, and a means for connecting these spreaders, and operating the spreaders singly or simultaneously. This allows one or more cargoes to be handled simultaneously. Therefore, it is possible to cope with cargoes of various sizes, and the efficiency of cargo handling work can be improved.

Further, the gantry crane of the present invention can be provided with means for synchronizing the plurality of hoisting mechanisms. Accordingly, when a plurality of spreaders are connected and used, it is possible to prevent a malfunction of the operation due to, for example, a variation in the number of rotations of each winding mechanism.

[0011] The gantry crane of the present invention may be provided with means for adjusting the interval between the connected spreaders. Thereby, it is possible to cope with various cargoes having different sizes and the like.

Further, the gantry crane of the present invention can be provided with means for preventing the cargo suspended from the spreader from swinging (load swinging). Therefore, it is possible to prevent the cargo from swaying during the cargo handling work, and to ensure safety during the work.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a gantry crane according to the present invention installed on a ship. In the figure, a gantry crane 1 is arranged on a deck 2 of a carrier and is movable in a longitudinal direction of the hull on a rail 3 provided near a side of the deck 2 by a driving means (not shown). The crane 1 includes a gantry 4 and a trolley 6 movable on a rail 5 provided on the gantry 4 in a sideward direction. A spreader 7 is suspended from the trolley 6 by a wire 8.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the gantry crane 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the trolley 6. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, hoisting mechanisms 9 corresponding to the number of spreaders 7 are installed on the trolley 6 on the gantry crane 1. In the illustrated example, since three spreaders 7 are provided, three winding mechanisms 9 are provided. The hoist mechanism 9 includes a hoist drum 10 and a hoist drum drive mechanism 11 using a hydraulic pump.
Equipped. Each hoisting mechanism is provided with a synchronizing mechanism 12 for synchronously driving them, a shaft 13 extending from the synchronizing mechanism 12, and a clutch 14 for connecting or releasing them. Further, the trolley 6 is provided with a hydraulic device 15 for operating each of the hoist drum driving mechanisms 11 and a control device 16 for controlling the hydraulic devices.

In the gantry crane according to the present invention, a plurality of spreaders 7 are provided on one trolley 6, and each spreader is operated by a corresponding hoisting mechanism 9. In this case, when two or more spreaders are connected to perform a cargo handling operation, the winding speed of each drum 10 is different due to a variation in the number of revolutions of the hydraulic pump of each drive mechanism 11, and the work may be hindered. . To avoid this, each hoisting mechanism 11 is provided with a synchronization mechanism 12, a shaft 13 and a clutch 14 for connecting these. Thus, it is possible to operate the plurality of hoisting mechanisms 9 simultaneously and synchronously.

FIG. 4 schematically shows the trolley 6 and the spreader 7 suspended therefrom. In this drawing, a state where three spreaders 7a to 7c are suspended from the trolley 6 is shown. A wire 8 is wound around each winding drum 10 on the trolley 6 in multiple layers, and the spreader 7 is suspended from the trolley 6 by the wire 8 via pulleys 17, 18 and 19 provided on the trolley 6 and each spreader. .

FIG. 5 shows a plan view of the spreader 7. The spreader 7 has a pulley 19 for guiding the wire 8, a connecting mechanism 20 for connecting the spreaders, a load swing preventing mechanism 21 for preventing the cargo from swinging (load swing), and an interval for adjusting the interval between the spreaders. An adjusting mechanism 22 and a cable basket 23 for accommodating a cable for supplying electric power to a hydraulic pump (not shown) for operating each mechanism on the spreader are provided.

FIGS. 6 to 9 show the spreader connecting mechanism 20 and the procedure of connecting the spreaders by the mechanism 20. FIG. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the spreader connecting mechanism 20 provided on the spreader 7a side includes a connecting arm 24, a connecting plate 25, and a connecting frame 26 for connecting the connecting arm 24 and the connecting plate 25. The rod 28 of the cylinder 27 attached to the spreader 7a is rotatable around a shaft 30 via an arm 29. The connection frame 26 is connected to a rod 32 of a cylinder 31 provided on the connection arm 24, and can be moved back and forth by expansion and contraction of the rod 32. The connection plate 25 is provided with a bracket 33 having a substantially conical head and a neck portion having an outer diameter smaller than the bottom thereof, and the bracket 33 is engaged with a hole 34 provided in the connection frame 26. Thereby, the connection plate 25 and the connection frame 26 are connected. The hole 34 of the connecting frame 26 is a circular portion having a diameter slightly larger than the head 33a of the bracket 33.
34a and a groove 34b having a width slightly larger than the diameter of the neck 33b of the bracket 33.
As described later, the connection plate 25 and the connection frame 26 can be connected and separated (see FIG. 7B).

On the other hand, on the side of the spreader 7b, a bracket 35 having a substantially conical head having substantially the same shape as the bracket 33 and a neck having an outer diameter smaller than the bottom thereof is provided.
This bracket 35 engages with a hole 36 provided in the connection plate 25 when the spreader is connected. The hole 36 has a circular portion 36a having a diameter slightly larger than the head 35a of the bracket 35, and a bracket 35, similar to the hole 34 of the connection frame 26, to enable connection and disconnection with the connection plate 25.
Groove with a width slightly larger than the diameter of the neck 35b
36b.

Further, the spreader 7a and the connecting plate
25 is provided with pins 37 and 38, respectively, and a rubber band 39 is stretched between them.

Next, the procedure for connecting the spreaders will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the spreaders 7a and 7b are approached, then the cylinder 27 is operated, the rod 28 is extended, the connecting arm 24 is depressed, and the bracket 35 of the spreader 7b is moved.
Into the hole 36 of the connection plate 25.

Further, the cylinder 31 is operated to move the rod 32
And the connecting frame 26 is retracted. At this time, the connecting plate 25 also retreats, but at this time, the neck 35b of the bracket 35 slides into the groove 36b of the hole 36 on the connecting plate, so that the bracket 35 and the hole 36 are not separated. Engage. That is, the connection between the connection plate 25 and the bracket 35 is performed. On the other hand, the neck 33a of the bracket 33 of the connection plate 25 is disengaged from the groove 34b of the hole 34 on the connection frame 26. As a result, the bracket 33 is
Can be separated from That is, the connection plate 25 and the connection frame 26 can be separated. Finally, the cylinder 27 is operated again to raise the connecting arm 24 upward, and the connecting operation of the spreader is completed. As described above, the spreaders 7a and 7b are connected by the rubber band 39 spanning between the pins 37 of the spreader 7a and the pins 38 on the connection plate 25 left on the spreader 7b.

When the spreader is separated, the above procedure may be reversed. That is, the connecting arm 24 is tilted and the bracket 34 of the connecting plate is inserted into the hole 34 of the connecting arm 24.
33, and then the connecting arm 24 is advanced to engage the bracket 33 of the connecting plate with the hole 34, and simultaneously disengage the hole 36 of the connecting plate with the bracket 35 on the spreader 7b. Then, the connecting arm 24 may be raised.

FIGS. 10 and 11 show the load deflection preventing mechanism 21. FIG. The load deflection preventing mechanism 21 provided on the spreader 7b side includes a cylinder 40, an arm 43 connected to the rod 41 of the cylinder 40 via a shaft 42, and a fork 45 connected to the arm 43 and a shaft 44.
Equipped. On the other hand, the fork 45
A pin 46 is provided for engaging with the tip portion 45a of the rim. The tip of the pin 46 has a substantially conical shape so that engagement and separation with the fork 45 are facilitated. At the time of connecting or separating the spreaders, and at the time of adjusting the interval between the spreaders described later, the cylinder 40 is operated in accordance with the
The engagement and separation of the pin 45 and the pin 46 are performed. Therefore, when carrying out cargo handling work by connecting spreaders,
By engaging the fork 45 of the 21 and the pin 46, the cargo hung from each spreader is prevented from shaking in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the spreader.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show the spreader spacing adjustment mechanism 22. FIG. The spacing adjustment mechanism is a spreader (7a in the figure)
And an arm 49 rotatably connected to a rod 48 of the cylinder 47, an arm 50 rotatably connected to the arm 49, and a roller 51 provided at one end of the arm 50. FIG. 12 shows a case where the interval between the spreaders is relatively narrow (interval C ₁ ), and FIG. 13 shows a case where it is relatively wide (interval C ₂ ). Adjustment of these intervals is performed by adjusting the rod 48 of the cylinder 47.
The arms 49 and 50 are rotated by expanding and contracting, and one of the spreaders (7b in the figure) is pressed by the roller 51, and the pressing force is restored to the rubber band 39 (see FIG. 9) connecting the spreaders. This is done by balancing power.

FIG. 14 schematically illustrates a mode of hanging a container in the gantry crane. Fig. 14
(a) shows a case where a container 52 having a length of 20 feet is hung. Here, the first and second spreaders 7a, 7b
Was ligated with intervals C _1, it is suspended container 52 via the adapter 53 under it. At this time, the third spreader 7c
Is dormant. FIG. 14 (b) shows a case where a container 54 having a length of 40 feet is suspended. Here, the first to third spreader 7a~7c connected all at equal intervals C _2, are suspended container 54 via the adapter 55 under it. FIG. 14 (c) shows a case where three 12-foot containers 56 are suspended. Again, the first to third spreaders 7a
All connecting the ~7c equidistantly C _3, hanging the container 56 under the spreaders. Further, FIG. 14 (d) shows a case where a container 57 having a length of 24 feet and a container 58 having a length of 12 feet are suspended simultaneously. In the figure, the 24 feet container 57 is suspended by the first spreader 7a and the second spreader 7b, and the 12 feet container 58 is suspended by the third spreader 7c.
The distance between this point spreader 7a and 7b are the distance between the C _4, 7b and 7c and C _5. In any case, the interval between the spreaders is appropriately controlled by the interval adjusting mechanism 22 (see FIGS. 12 and 13).

[0028]

The gantry crane according to the present invention is provided with a plurality of spreaders for suspending cargo on a trolley, and these can be operated individually or by connecting them. Therefore, it is possible to cope with various cargoes having different sizes and the like, and efficient cargo handling work is possible.

Further, the gantry crane according to the present invention is provided with means for preventing the load from swinging, that is, the swing of the cargo during suspension. Therefore, it is possible to improve the safety at the time of cargo handling.

Although the present invention has been described based on the illustrated example, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be used for cargo handling work using a pallet other than containers, for example.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a state in which a gantry crane according to the present invention is installed on a ship.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a gantry crane according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the trolley 6. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing a trolley 6 and a spreader 7;

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the spreader 7;

FIG. 6 is a front view of a connection mechanism of the spreader.

FIG. 7 is a view showing a connection mechanism of a spreader and a connection procedure by the connection mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a connection mechanism of a spreader and a connection procedure by the connection mechanism.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a connection mechanism of a spreader and a connection procedure by the connection mechanism.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a load swing prevention mechanism.

FIG. 11 is a front view of the load swing prevention mechanism.

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a spreader interval adjusting mechanism.

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a spreader interval adjusting mechanism.

FIG. 14 is a view schematically showing a mode of hanging a container in the gantry crane according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gantry crane 2 Deck 3 Crane running rail 4 Gantry 5 Trolley running rail 6 Trolley 7 Spreader 8 Wire 9 Hoisting mechanism 10 Hoisting drum 11 Hoisting drum drive mechanism 12 Synchronous mechanism 13 Synchronous shaft 14 Clutch 15 Hydraulic device 16 Control device 17, 18, 19 Pulley 20 Spreader connecting mechanism 21 Load swing prevention mechanism 22 Spreader spacing adjusting mechanism 23 Cable basket 24 Connecting arm 25 Connecting plate 26 Connecting frame 27, 31, 40, 47 Cylinder 28 Rod of cylinder 27 29 Arm 30 axis 32 Rod of cylinder 31 33, 35 Bracket 34, 36 hole 37, 38 pin 39 Rubber band 41 Rod of cylinder 40 42 axis 43 Arm 44 axis 45 Fork 46 pin 48 Rod of cylinder 47 49, 50 Rotating arm 51 Roller 52, 54, 56, 57 , 58 Container 53,55 Container Hanging Adapter

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A gantry that straddles a hatch of a hold and moves on the upper deck in the longitudinal direction of a hull, a trolley that moves on the gantry in a sideward direction, and an elevating and lowering from the trolley for loading and unloading cargo A gantry crane comprising a spreader suspended as possible, at least three spreaders on the trolley, at least three hoisting means for raising and lowering the spreader by wires, and connecting means for connecting the spreaders to each other. A gantry crane for marine cargo handling, characterized in that the spreaders are operable independently or connected to each other. 2. The gantry crane according to claim 1, further comprising means for synchronizing the respective hoisting mechanisms with each other. 3. The gantry crane according to claim 1, further comprising means for adjusting an interval between the connected spreaders. 4. The gantry crane according to claim 1, wherein said spreader is provided with means for preventing the cargo from swaying.