JPH10249969A - Space network structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve compressive strength, tensile strength, and resistance to repeated flexing by overlapping a coarse net on a mat reticulated body, where each continuous filament composed of thermoplastic resin of a specific diameter is flexed irregularly, extended in a longer direction, and heat-bonded at each junction. SOLUTION: A thermoplastic continuous filament 5 of a diameter of 0.1-2.0mm is spun from a spinning nozzle 12. A carrier 15 provided with crests and roots on the surface is arranged in line under a melt spinning machine 11. A coarse net 3 is supplied with spaces from the carrier 15 and base rollers 16, 17 and 18. While both the carrier 15 and the coarse net 3 are moving, the spinning resin continuous filament 5 drops naturally from above and accumulates before the resin is cured. At the time of accumulating, each continuous filament 5 flexes irregularly, and drops between the mesh of the coarse net 3 and swells, and the junctions adhere through self-autohesion. A space reticulated structure can be obtained by pressing with a nip roller 19 immediately thereafter.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional net-like structure which is submerged and fixed in water or used as a civil engineering material. In particular, it is planted on a block that serves as a weight and installed on the sea floor to control sand drift to prevent seashore sand from being carried away by waves and tides, artificial reefs for collecting fish, and inhabit rivers and the sea Used as a reinforcing material suitable for surface stabilization work in landfills of water-purifying biological base materials, and as a civil engineering material for consolidation of coasts and rivers, prevention of sinking, and prevention of landslides on mountain slopes, rivers and road banks. The present invention relates to a bulky three-dimensional net-like material that can be obtained.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A bulky three-dimensional network structure comprising a plurality of filaments of a thermoplastic synthetic polymer is disclosed in, for example, JP-B-63-163.
In order to stabilize the form of such a three-dimensional net-like structure, a net-like body combined with a coarse net or a coarse net formed of a thread-like synthetic resin molded product is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-9613. No. 2-379
No. 40 and JP-A-6-146231.

[0003] The three-dimensional network structure described in the above-mentioned JP-B-63-53332 has a diameter of 0.1 to 0.1 mm.
A large number of 1.5 mm synthetic polymer continuous filaments form an irregular loop and are bonded to each other at each intersection, and are bulky and have high compression resistance. Applied to
No. 9613, Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. 2-37940, a net formed by entanglement of a synthetic polymer continuous filament with a net has a high soil retention property, an extremely large porosity, and is adaptable to an uneven surface. It is mainly used for vegetation.

[0004] Further, a net-like body in which a synthetic polymer continuous filament is entangled with a synthetic resin net as described in JP-A-6-146231 is bulky and has a large porosity, but has a high compressive strength and a high porosity. Rich in tensile strength, the net portion formed of coarse net material and synthetic polymer continuous filament is inseparably integrated, so it is used under severe conditions for sand drift control materials and artificial fish reefs for underwater facilities and embankment It is used as a slope reinforcement material.

[0005] In the Shigara construction method, which is one of the methods for preventing earth and sand from flowing out, a material woven in a plain weave shape using bamboo or ferns, or a flat synthetic resin molded product is frequently used.

[0006]

[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The three-dimensional network structure described in JP-A-3-53332 has a relatively large compressive strength, but a poor tensile strength in a lateral direction, and is subjected to strong strength in a length direction and a width direction of the net when used. For example, it cannot be used for sand drift control materials or artificial reefs.

[0007] Further, the nets described in JP-B-63-9613 and JP-A-2-37940, in which a synthetic polymer continuous filament is entangled with a net, have a somewhat improved tensile strength due to the net. However, because the strands of the net are thin and flexible, the entanglement between the continuous filament and the net is weak, and when an external force acts in the thickness direction, the net and the net are separated from each other. Not suitable for underwater facilities such as fish reef materials.

Further, in a net-like body in which a synthetic polymer continuous filament is entangled with a synthetic resin net as described in JP-A-6-146231, the coarse net and the synthetic polymer continuous filament are inseparably integrated. Although the tensile strength is greatly improved because it is, it can withstand repeated bending due to waves,
Low resistance to bending stress. As a countermeasure, increasing the cross-sectional area of the synthetic resin strands increases the bending stress, but reduces the resistance to repeated bending due to waves. Not suitable for underwater facilities.
In addition, one of the methods for preventing sediment runoff, Shigara mechanic, requires time and training to knit it with bamboo or ferns, and it is not general,
Further, since the synthetic resin is flat, it is easy to be clogged, and the weight per unit area is heavy, which is inconvenient for transportation.

[0009]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is formed of a coarse net material and a continuous filament of synthetic polymer having high compressive strength, tensile strength, and resistance to repeated bending despite its high bulk and high porosity. The net and the intertwined state are intertwined,
The present invention relates to a reinforced three-dimensional network structure suitable for underwater facilities such as sand drift control materials and artificial reef materials used under severe conditions.

That is, according to the present invention, the wire diameter is 0.1 to 2.0 m.
m, each of a number of continuous filaments made of a thermoplastic synthetic polymer irregularly bend and intersect with each other to form peaks and valleys to form a plane having a predetermined width and length, and a longitudinal length. This is a three-dimensional net-like structure in which a coarse net is superimposed on a mat-like net extending in the direction and thermally bonded at each intersection, and the continuous filaments are integrated by being entangled with the coarse net.

The above three-dimensional net-like structure is formed by laminating two or more coarse nets, and has a parallel light transmittance in the thickness direction of 5 to 90% and a flexural modulus of 5000 to 100000 kg.
The three-dimensional network structure according to claim 1, which is f / cm ² (as measured by JIS K7203).

Further, the coarse net is preferably a lattice-shaped molded product made of a thermoplastic polymer having a size of one mesh of 5 to 100 cm ² and a tensile strength of 500 kgf / m or more.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Examples of the thermoplastic polymer forming the network of the three-dimensional network structure include polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, nylon 6, nylon 6,6 and the like. Polymers or copolymers such as polyamides can be appropriately selected and used, but polyethylene and polypropylene having a relatively low melting point are advantageous in view of production cost and ease of molding.

The coarse net to be used as a reinforcing material has an eye opening area of 5 to 100 cm ² and an aggregate portion having a thickness of 1 to 5 cm.
A net made from a synthetic resin net having a width of 1.5 to 10 mm, a net obtained from a biaxially stretched perforated sheet having a thickness of 1 to 5 mm, or a monofilament made of a synthetic resin having a thickness of 2 to 5 mm is used. it can. In any case, a resin net material having a large tensile strength and a flexural modulus of 500 to 30,000 kgf / cm ² is preferable, and particularly, a resin net material of the same type or the same as the above-mentioned thermoplastic synthetic polymer forming a net-like material is preferable.

In the production of the three-dimensional network structure of the present invention, the thermoplastic polymer or copolymer is melt-spun and used as continuous filaments having a wire diameter of 0.1 to 2.0 mm. First, a carrier having a surface having irregularities such as peaks and valleys is installed, and a coarse net is supplied on the carrier at an interval from the carrier. The thermoplastic polymer is melt-spun from above while gently moving the carrier and the coarse net, and is naturally dropped and accumulated before it is solidified. At this time, by making the spinning speed faster than the moving speed of the carrier, the continuous filaments fall on the carrier to the bottom of the concave portion, bend irregularly, and ridges,
A valley is formed and the coarse net is integrated with the three-dimensional net-like structure. Immediately after this, the nip roller is pressed to strengthen the adhesion between the three-dimensional net-like structure and the coarse net and to smooth the upper surface.

[0016] If necessary, two or more coarse nets can be laminated and used.

The basis weight of the three-dimensional network structure is 1000 to 3500 g in consideration of durability and a desired porosity.
/ M ² is preferred. Apparent thickness is 10-50mm
Good degree. The three-dimensional network structure of the present invention thus formed has a porosity of 60 to 98%, a parallel light transmittance in the thickness direction of 5 to 90%, has an appropriate tide flow in the sea, and controls sand drift. It is convenient for wood and artificial reef applications.
Also, it is convenient for use in civil engineering materials such as a material for preventing earth and sand outflow such as a cigar work.

When the porosity is less than 60% and the parallel light transmittance is less than 5%, the load caused by the tidal current when applied to sand drift control materials and artificial reef materials increases, and the load of sand drift control materials and artificial fish reef materials is reduced. It is easy to cause damage. On the other hand, if the porosity is 98% or more and the parallel light transmittance is 90% or more, the passage of the tidal current is too good, and there is a possibility that a desired function, for example, a function of preventing outflow of sand on the coast may be impaired.

The bending elastic modulus of the coarse net used for the above-mentioned three-dimensional net-like structure in the use of civil engineering materials such as earth and sand outflow preventing materials such as shigara works is 500 in the case of a single plate material.
The flexural modulus of a three-dimensional net-like structure formed by laminating two or more coarse nets and combining them with a net-like body is 5,000 to 100,000 kgf / cm ^2.
Preferably, the pressure is set to 000 kgf / cm ² .

The bending elastic modulus of the single-plate coarse net is 500.
If it is smaller than kgf / cm ^2, it will be too flexible against bending stress, and even if two or more sheets are combined, it will be easy to swing by wave energy in the sea. On the other hand, if it is more than 30,000 kgf / cm ² , it becomes rigid, and if two or more pieces are combined, it becomes more rigid, cracks are likely to occur in bending repeatedly, and there is a danger that it will not be able to withstand wave energy and be destroyed at once.

When the above three-dimensional net-like structure of the present invention is applied to underwater facilities, for example, as a material for controlling sand drift, as shown in FIG. 5, a groove is provided on the upper surface of a concrete block molded into a frame, and the groove is formed in the groove. The lower end portion of the three-dimensional net-like structure is embedded, and it is preferable that the height is approximately 30 to 100 cm so as to be fenced up and installed in the sea in parallel.

When used as an artificial reef material, it may be erected on a concrete block as shown in FIG. 6 to form a sinking reef, or the three-dimensional net-like structure may be formed into an arbitrary shape and the weight and buoy may be formed. Can be used as a floating fish reef.

For example, when used as an earth retaining material for cigarette work, if the net-shaped projection of the solid net-like structure is laid between pillars as shown in FIGS. The net-like structure exhibits the function of preventing earth and sand outflow, and also provides a good greening base material because the earth-and-sand outflow from the ground accumulates at the net-like projections to form a vegetation board, and the net-like projections are continuous lines. Since it is formed by the strip, it is flexible and provides a good elastic wall against external force.

[0024]

According to the three-dimensional network structure of the present invention, a three-dimensional network portion having a high porosity formed by continuous filaments of a thermoplastic synthetic polymer is used for controlling the tide while reducing the tide flow speed in, for example, a sand drift control material. Allows smooth passage and prevents coastal drifting sand from being carried offshore with the tide. Then, the superimposed coarse net reinforces the net-like portion, retains the fence-like shape erected on the concrete block, suppresses swaying like seaweed, and exerts resistance to the stress caused by the ocean current.

In the composite portion of two or more coarse nets, the outwardly facing portion expands due to external stress, and the inwardly facing portion becomes a compressive stress, which shares the stress with each other. Exhibits more resistance and improves the flexibility.

[0026]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a three-dimensional net-like structure, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. Reticulated structures,
(2) is a three-dimensional net portion, and (3) is a coarse net. In this embodiment, the coarse net (3) is obtained by extruding a polypropylene resin and biaxially stretching. The width of the aggregate portion (4) is 3.2 mm, the thickness is 1.7 mm, and the size of one eye is obtained. Two biaxially stretched nets having a thickness of about 7 cm ² , a tensile strength of about 4000 kgf / m ² , and a flexural modulus of 18000 kgf / cm ² (according to JIS K7203 measurement method) are applied.

Then, the continuous filament (5) having a diameter of 1.1 mm extruded from the melt spinning machine forms a three-dimensional net-like portion, and at the same time, forms an irregular loop on the coarse net (3) and entangles in a net-like manner. Glued. The continuous filament (5) bulges downward from the void portion of the coarse net (3) to form a three-dimensional net-like portion. Further, a part of the continuous filament (5) goes around the aggregate portion (4) of the coarse net (3), and the solid net (2) and the coarse net (3) are integrally bonded.

In the embodiment, the three-dimensional network structure (1)
The weight of the solid net portion of the continuous filament (5) is 1600 g / m.
^{2. The} apparent thickness was about 35 mm, the whole was an irregular mesh, the porosity was 92%, and the parallel light transmittance in the thickness direction was about 30%.

The three-dimensional network structure (1) can be manufactured as follows. That is, as schematically shown in FIG. 3, the spinning nozzle (1) provided in the melt spinning machine (11).
From 2), a large number of continuous polypropylene resin filaments (5) having a diameter of 1.1 mm are spun out in a number of rows, and the melt spinning machine (1)
Below 1), a carrier (15) having a crest (13) and a valley (14) as shown in FIG. 4 on its surface is arranged in the direction of the arrow, and this carrier (15) And coarse rollers (16), (17) and (18) to supply the coarse net (3) at intervals, and the carrier (15) and the coarse net (3)
Both are moved in the direction of the arrow at a speed slower than the drop continuousness of the spun-melted continuous filament (5), and the spun resin continuous filament (5) falls from above without spontaneous solidification. When the stacking is performed, at the time of the stacking, the continuous filaments (5) bend irregularly, hang down between the eyes of the coarse net (3), swell, and self-fusion at the intersection. Immediately after this, it is pressed with a nip roller (19) to form a three-dimensional network structure (1).
Can be obtained.

The transmittance and porosity of the parallel light beam in the thickness direction of the three-dimensional network structure (1) of the present invention change the speed of the carrier (15) and the basis weight and thickness of the continuous filament (5). Can be adjusted. The three-dimensional network structure (1) thus obtained has a total weight of 3500 g / m ² , a continuous filament (5) of 1600 g / m ² , and a thickness of the three-dimensional network structure (1) of 35 mm in the thickness direction. 3 parallel light transmittance
It was 0%.

(Performance Test) A performance test was performed on the three-dimensional network structure of the present invention. (1) Flexural modulus Measured according to JIS K7203. Table 1 shows the results. Elastic modulus Ef = (L ³ / 4bh ³ ) × (F / Y) Ef: Elastic modulus kgf / mm ² L: Distance between fulcrums (mm) b: Width of test piece (mm) h: Thickness of test piece (mm) ) F: Arbitrary load (kgf) of the first straight line portion of the load-deflection curve Y: Deflection at load F (mm)

(2) Bending Test A bending test was repeatedly performed by swinging according to JIS K7118, and the number of amplitudes at the time when a crack was formed in the sample was measured. Table 1 shows the results. The swing angle was measured for each sample at a bending angle when a force of 200 kgf / m ² was applied to the plane of the test piece.

(Comparative Example 1) The bending elastic modulus and the number of times of repeated bending were measured using one coarse net used in the production of the three-dimensional network structure of the present invention. Table 1 shows the results.

(Comparative Example 2) In order to confirm how the flexural modulus and the number of times of repeated bending change when the thickness of the coarse net increases, a polypropylene resin was extruded.
A sample obtained by axial stretching was used. Table 1 shows the results.

[0035]

[Table 1]

The three-dimensional net-like structure of the present invention is provided with a sand drift control material (3).
When used as 1), for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a groove is provided on the upper surface of a frame-shaped concrete block (32), and the lower end portion of the three-dimensional net-like structure (1) is embedded in the groove. What is necessary is just to lay in a fence shape at a height of about 30 to 100 cm and sink in parallel in the sea, and it does not specify the frame shape of the concrete block or the method of attaching to the concrete block. In addition, artificial reefs (3
As 3), when it is used, it may be erected on a concrete as shown in FIG. 6 to make it a sinking reef, or it may be floated using a weight and buoy by making the three-dimensional net-like structure (1) into an arbitrary shape. It may be installed as a fish reef.

When the three-dimensional net-like structure (1) is used as the earth retaining material (34) of the shigara method, for example, the three-dimensional net-like structure (1) is interposed between columns (35) as shown in FIG. On the outer surface of the three-dimensional net-like part (2)
If the surface is laid on the ground (36) side, the three-dimensional net-like structure (1) exhibits the function of preventing sediment runoff,
Sediment also accumulates on the three-dimensional net-like portion (2), and the sediment pool forms a vegetation base, thereby providing an excellent greening base material, and the rhizome of the plant further exerts a sediment-stopping function. In addition, since the net-like projection is formed of continuous filaments having a wire diameter of 0.1 to 2.0 mm, it is flexible and provides a suitable elastic wall against external force.

(Effect of the Invention) As described above, the three-dimensional network structure of the present invention has a bulky, high porosity three-dimensional network structure formed to be tough and excellent in corrosion resistance. When it is used as, it has a moderate resistance to tidal currents and exhibits the effect of decelerating tidal currents in the drift area on the seabed, preventing drifting sand generated on the coast by waves and tidal currents from being carried offshore can do.

When used as an artificial fish reef, the same tidal current deceleration effect is exhibited, and the continuous filaments are entangled with the three-dimensional net portion or coarse net formed by the continuous filaments forming the three-dimensional network structure. Then, the fine irregularities formed by pressing or adhering provide an optimal place as a base on which seaweed foams take root, and marine organisms prosper. Therefore, it is possible to provide an excellent feeding place and shelter for larvae and the like.

When the three-dimensional net-like structure is used as an earth retaining material, since it has a large bending elastic modulus, it exhibits a resistance to an external force such as earth pressure and the like, and has a low parallel light transmittance of the net-like structure. The thing is a three-dimensional net-like part formed by continuous filaments, and the outflow of sediment is prevented. Therefore, land subsidence due to sediment runoff can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view showing an example of the three-dimensional network structure of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing a manufacturing process of the three-dimensional network structure of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a part of the carrier.
FIG. 5 is a partially broken schematic perspective view showing an example of the sand drift control material. FIG. 6 is a partially broken schematic perspective view showing an example of the artificial reef. FIG. 7 is a partially broken schematic perspective view showing an example of a cigar work. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the shigara of FIG. 7 as viewed from above.

[Display of sign]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 solid network structure 2 solid network part 3 coarse net 4 aggregate part 5 continuous filament 11 melt spinning machine 12 spinning nozzle 13 mountain part 14 valley part 15 carrier 16 space roller 17 space roller 18 space roller 19 nip roller 31 sand drift Control material 32 Concrete block 33 Artificial reef 34 Retaining material 35 Prop 36 Ground

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of continuous filaments made of a thermoplastic synthetic polymer having a wire diameter of 0.1 to 2.0 mm are each irregularly bent to form peaks and valleys while intersecting each other. By extending the longitudinal direction while forming a plane of a predetermined width and length, and a coarse net is superimposed on a mat-like net formed by heat bonding at each intersection, and the continuous filaments are entangled with the coarse net. A three-dimensional net-like structure that is integrated. 2. The coarse net has two or more layers superimposed on each other, and has a parallel light transmittance in the thickness direction of 5 to 90% and a flexural modulus of 5000 to 100000 kgf / cm ² (JISK).
The three-dimensional network structure according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional network structure is determined by a 7203 measuring method). 3. The coarse net has one eye size of 5 to 5.
100 cm ^2, lattice-shaped molded product a which claim 1 steric network structure according consisting tensile strength 500 kgf / m or more thermoplastic polymers.