JP2996584B2 - Blocks for subsea facilities - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a block for a submarine facility which is installed on the sea floor to prevent sand from being carried away by waves and tides, and is suitable as an artificial reef for collecting fish. It is about the body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The shoreline, which used to be a sandy beach in various parts of the world, has been reduced due to a decrease in the supply of sand due to the construction of sabo dams in mountains and rivers, the extraction of sand from the sea and rivers, or the reduction of seaweed. In recent years, the amount of sand has been gradually decreasing, and countermeasures have been strongly desired. As a countermeasure, a sand drift control method as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-172408 has been proposed.

[0003] This sand drift control method is applied to the seabed near the coastline.
A sand drift control member having a hole that can expose the seabed is formed in the center to suppress the flow of seawater near the seabed and prevent sand from flowing offshore.

[0004]

In the above-mentioned sand drift control method, since a hole is provided in the center of the sand drift control member used in the method, there is little adverse effect on the biological system on the sea floor, and the sand drift control method is mounted on the sand drift control member. Although the sedimentation control effect can be obtained by the deceleration effect of the current caused by artificial seagrass, shellfish and seaweed adhere to the flexible artificial seaweed to decelerate the current after a long period of time, and the standing state is disturbed. The deceleration action will be reduced.

[0005] From this, the present inventor has previously made a technical proposal to control sand drift by standing a relatively self-supporting net on a weight base. (Japanese Patent Application Nos. 4-135936 and 4-322454) However, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Nos.
A mesh structure as described in U.S. Pat. No. 322454 not only can reduce the speed of waves to control sand drift and achieve the effect of preventing sand from escaping on the sandy shore, but also, in part, on the shoreline beach. It was also confirmed that it was useful for increasing the area, and it was also confirmed that seaweed and shellfish adhered to the material of the reticulate body to improve the effect of collecting fish.However, one reticulate body was fenced upright on the concrete block. Because it has established
The energy of the waves is received over the entire surface, and the energy of the waves concentrates on the fixed part of the concrete and the mesh, causing a phenomenon that the mesh is torn off from the concrete and damaged by the energy of the waves. It turned out to be unsuitable as a block for underwater facilities for fish reefs.

According to the present invention, based on the above-described experience, a standing net-like body is erected so as to be durable and secure independence for a long time despite being used under severe conditions, An object of the present invention is to provide a block for a submarine facility suitable for sand drift control and artificial reefs.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has solved the above-mentioned problems by standing and fixing a self-supporting net-like material in a loop on a weight base. That is, the block body for a submarine facility of the present invention is formed by bending a net material having a large gap with self-supporting property into a loop shape to form an upright net, and both ends below the upright net with the curved portion of the up net up. It is characterized in that the part is fixed to the weight base and is erected.

Examples of the net material having a high porosity forming the standing net of the present invention include polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, and polyamides such as nylon 6 and nylon 6.6. A synthetic resin molding net having an opening area of 4 to 100 cm ² , which is made by appropriately selecting a united or copolymer, and having a thickness of an aggregate portion of 1 to 5 mm and a width of 1.5 to 10 mm, It has excellent tensile strength, such as a net material obtained from a stretched perforated resin sheet having a thickness of 1 to 5 mm, or a net-like material obtained by reinforcing a braided net made of synthetic resin monofilament having a thickness of 2 to 5 mm with a metal material. A net-like material of a corrosion-resistant material which has self-supporting and flexibility and can be bent in a loop shape can be preferably applied.

The mesh size of the mesh material, that is, the parallel light transmittance, is about 20 to 98% in the case where wave energy is moderated and sand drift is mainly used, and the purpose is mainly for collecting fish. For those used as artificial fish reefs, about 15-60% is good. In the case of coarse nets with relatively poor self-sustainability braided with monofilaments, the synthetic polymer continuous filaments are entangled to increase self-sustainability,
In addition, the number of voids should be increased.

When the mesh material has a parallel light transmittance of 15% or less, when applied to a drift control material or an artificial reef, the load due to the tidal current becomes excessively large and the tidal current is liable to collapse and damage.
On the other hand, at 98% or more, the passage of the tide is so good that desired functions, for example, a function of preventing the outflow of sand on the coast and a function of collecting fish are impaired. The preferred parallel light transmittance of the network is 20 to
It is about 90%.

As the weight base material, a structure made of concrete or a steel frame can be used.
From the viewpoint of the production cost and the like, it is preferable to use a concrete block, particularly a frame-shaped concrete block having a space in the center.

As a method of erecting the standing net on the weight base material, for example, a groove is provided on the upper surface of the weight base, and one net material is bent at the center to form a loop shape, and the bent end thereof is formed. After the part is located in the groove, a solidifying material, for example, cement is poured into the groove to fix it integrally to the weight base.

[0013] The shape of the loop of the standing net-like body that is erected and fixed on the weight base may be a hairpin-shaped, Ω-shaped, inverted U-shaped, or other form that forms a hollow portion. The height is about 20-100 cm.

When a plurality of loop-shaped standing nets are erected on a weight base, the mounting arrangement direction of each standing net is not required to be specified. It is preferable that most of the nets are set so that the surface of the nets is directed to the shoreline. A plurality of standing nets may be erected in a regular arrangement such as a cross-shaped or a cross-shaped. In the case where the plane shape of the weight base is rectangular, it is also desirable to lay up standing nets in a parallel state at an interval on each base, and combine them vertically and horizontally when laying on the seabed, and juxtapose it. This is a usage mode.

[0015]

The upright net-like body, which is bent in a loop shape with its curved portion facing upward, and whose lower end portions are fixed to the weight base, reinforces the upright posture of the tidal current, and To improve durability. When a large number of the block bodies of the present invention are laid along the coastline near the beach along the coastline, the standing net revolves slowly as the ship rolls due to the wave energy, smoothing the tide while relaxing the speed of the tide. To prevent coastal sand drifting offshore with the tide.

Further, when sunk into the sea as an artificial fish reef and laid as a fish reef, the standing reticulated body portion has a tunnel-like shape, so that it has a shading effect that is favorable for small fishes, and furthermore, the circulation of the tidal current is maintained and the small fishes are safe. It becomes an evacuation area, and seaweed and shellfish adhere between the aggregates and wires of the net-like body, thus exhibiting excellent fish collecting action.

[0017]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a block for a submarine facility, and FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1 is a block for a submarine facility, 2 is a weight base, and 3 is a standing net.

The block 1 for submarine facilities of the present invention is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the self-supporting reticulated body 4 having a large porosity is bent into a loop to form the resilient reticulated body 3, and the curved portion 5 of the resilient reticulated body 3 is positioned upward. The lower end portions 6, 6 are fixed to the weight base 2 so as to be erected.

The mesh member 4 in the block 1 for submarine facilities shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has an aggregate portion 7 having a width of 4.5 mm.
The thickness is 1.8mm and the size of one eye 8 is about 7.5cm
^2. Light transmittance about 73%, tensile strength about 4000
A grid-like net material formed by extruding and biaxially stretching a polypropylene resin of Kgf / m ² is applied. Then, this net-like material 4 is cut into a width of 1 m and a length of 1.3 m, and is folded in two from the central portion in the length direction to form a vertically long elliptic loop, thereby forming one standing net-like body 3.

The weight base 2 has a size of about 230 cm ×
Two openings 9 and 9 having a length of 100 cm are formed, and furthermore, a groove 11 is provided at the center of the long sides 10 and 10 on both sides surrounding the openings 9 and 9.
A 90-cm, 30-cm-thick, “sun” -shaped concrete block is used.
The both ends 6, 6 of the standing net 3 formed by being bent in a loop shape are put in the inside, cement is poured into the groove 1, and the six standing nets 3, 3 are erected and fixed on the weight base 2. And one block 1 for submarine facilities. FIG.
3 is a simplified plan view of one submarine facility block 1, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG.

In the above embodiment, the upright net 3 is formed in a vertically long elliptical loop shape. However, as shown in FIG. 4, it is also preferable that the upright net 3 is made upright in an inverted U shape. This is an example.

The weight base 2 of the block 1 for a submarine facility of the present invention may be triangular or quadrangular. It does not specify the mounting direction, etc.
It may be erected at any direction and angle. The height of the upright net 3 is preferably about 20 to 100 cm. The blocks 1 for submarine facilities are installed side by side in the sea near the coast and used as sand drift control material or artificial reef.

The mode of installation of the submarine facility block body 1 on the seabed can be arbitrarily determined in consideration of the direction and speed of the tidal current at the installation site. As shown in FIG. 6, the standing net 3 may be arranged in parallel with the shoreline in parallel, and when the main purpose is an artificial reef, the standing net 3 is shown in FIG. 3 are preferably arranged in a direction crossing each other.

As shown in FIG. 8, a synthetic polymer continuous filament 12 having a thickness of about 0.2 to 1.5 mm is entangled with the coarse mesh material 4 to reduce the porosity (parallel light transmittance). Control and
The mesh member 4 may be folded into two to form the upright mesh member 3.
In this way, the upright reticulated body 3 in which the synthetic polymer continuous filaments 12 are entangled can easily adhere to seaweed, and can improve the fish collecting property.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a corrosion-resistant wire mesh, for example, a wire mesh in which the surface of a metal wire is coated with a synthetic resin, can be used as the mesh material 4, and it is folded into a loop and erected. By forming the net-like body 3, the standing posture is maintained, and the standing net-like body excels in wave energy resistance and tidal current relaxation.

[0026]

As described above, in the block body for a submarine facility according to the present invention, an upright reticulated body formed by bending a self-supporting reticulated material having a large gap into a loop shape has its curved portion facing upward. In this state, the lower end portions are fixed to the weight base, and the two mesh members facing each other in one erect mesh member are connected at the top, so that they mutually support the erect posture. The standing net is slowly swung as it rolls due to the wave energy, but has excellent restoring force, and also has an improved pulling resistance and compression resistance against the wave energy, so that the standing posture can be maintained for a long period of time. .

When a plurality of blocks for submarine facilities according to the present invention are laid in parallel with the shoreline from the vicinity of the shoreline to the offshore, for example, as a sand drift control material, the standing net-like body slowly oscillates as if the ship were rolling by wave energy. To reduce the speed of the tidal current and smoothly pass the tidal current, and in the section from the sinking line to the shoreline, to prevent the coastal sand drift from being carried off with the tidal current to protect the sandy beach, The landscape can be maintained.

When the block for submarine facilities according to the present invention is sunk in the sea as an artificial reef, it is shaded because the standing net has a tunnel shape, and the tidal flow is maintained and the safety of small fish is maintained. It is a natural shelter, and seaweeds and shells adhere between the aggregates and wires of the net-like body, and exhibit an excellent fish collecting effect.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially broken perspective view of a submarine facility block body.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a standing net-like body portion of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a submarine facility block body.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the upright reticulated body.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a laid state of a submarine facility block body.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing another laid state of the submarine facility block body.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing another example of a net forming a standing net.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing still another example of a mesh forming a standing mesh.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Submarine facility block body 2 Weight base 3 Standing reticulated body 4 Reticulated body 5 Curved portion of standing reticulated body 6 Both ends of standing reticulated body

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hideo Hayashi 2-3-3 Kandaji-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Obayashi Corporation Tokyo Head Office (72) Inventor Norihiko Sakata 4-1-1 Shinmachi, Nishi-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Nanawasuji Nakagawa Building 7.8F Hirose Giken Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Minoru Hata 225 Yodohoncho, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto Inside Keihan Concrete Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Makoto Otaguro Kako, Hyogo 471 Komiya, Harima-cho, Gunma (56) References JP-A-6-146231 (JP, A) JP-A-5-302308 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Showa 51-20992 (JP, U) (58) Fields surveyed ( Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02B 3/14 A01K 61/00 313 E02B 3/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] An upright reticulated body formed by bending a self-supporting reticulated material having a large gap into a loop shape, and both lower ends thereof are fixed to a weight base in a state where the curved portion is directed upward. A block body for submarine facilities. 2. The reticulated material has a parallel light transmittance of 15 to 9.
The block for a submarine facility according to claim 1, wherein the content is 8%.