JPH10247083A - Automatic playing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable automatic playing by using a naturally spoken voice as a trigger including a case of portamento. SOLUTION: A ROM 2 is stored with automatically played music consisting of pieces of pitch data. A microphone 9 inputs an inputted voice signal to an AD converter 6. The AD converter 5 samples the voice signal according to timer interruption of a timer circuit 4 and stores sampled data in a RAM 3 according to a write indication from a CPU 1. The CPU 1 advances the address of the ROM 2 each time the CPU detects a voice signal of higher than a specific level or variation in the pitch of the voice signal of higher than the specific level exceeding a specific range, and pitch data in the advanced address is read out and outputted to a sound source circuit 7.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic performance device for automatically playing music.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Some conventional automatic performance devices have a so-called one-key play function in which one key for performance is provided in addition to a keyboard, and an automatic performance is performed at the timing of depressing the key. On the other hand, there is a type in which a performer performs a one-key play automatic performance by singing lyrics or a scale instead of pressing a key and using the voice as a trigger. In such an automatic performance apparatus of one-key play using voice, a voice signal input through a microphone is sampled and taken in, and the on / off of the automatic performance music is controlled for each sound of a voice of a predetermined level or more. .

[0003]

However, in the conventional one-key-play automatic performance apparatus using a voice trigger, the player needs to control the reading of the musical sound data, so that the performer is unnatural by dividing each sound. For example, in the case of a portamento that sings smoothly over a wide range of pitches without decreasing the volume, there is a problem that automatic performance cannot be performed by voice trigger. The object of the present invention is to
An object of the present invention is to enable automatic performance using a sound with a natural pronunciation as a trigger, including the case of portamento.

[0004]

According to the present invention, there is provided a storage means for storing an automatic performance tune composed of a plurality of tone data sequentially read out by address increments, and a level of an input audio signal being a predetermined level. Level detecting means for detecting whether or not the above is the case, pitch change detecting means for detecting whether or not a change in the pitch of the audio signal having a predetermined level or more detected by the level detecting means exceeds a predetermined range. Each time the level detecting means detects an audio signal of a predetermined level or more, or every time the pitch change detecting means detects that a change in pitch of an audio signal of a predetermined level or more exceeds a predetermined range, the memory is stored. Data reading means for stepping the address of the means, reading the tone data of the stepped address and outputting it to the sound source. According to the present invention, ON / OFF of the automatic performance is controlled by the level of the audio signal, and ON / OFF of the automatic performance is also controlled by a change in pitch of the audio signal at a predetermined level or more.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a system configuration when the automatic performance device of the present invention is applied to an electronic keyboard instrument. The CPU 1 is connected via a system bus,
The ROM 2, RAM 3, timer circuit 4, AD converter 5, switch group 6, and tone generator 7 are controlled. ROM2
Stores a control program executed by the CPU 1 and stores pitch data of a one-key play automatic performance tune in an address AD (AD = 1, 2, 3, 4,...) As shown in FIG.
..). However, END data composed of numerical values other than pitch data is stored in the end address. The RAM 3 stores data processed by the CPU 1. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, it has various registers, flags, and the like. Timer circuit 4
Generates a timer interrupt and determines a sampling period for sampling an input audio signal.
The AD converter 5 samples the analog audio signal based on a sampling cycle and outputs waveform data. The switch group 7 includes an automatic performance selection switch, a tone switch for sound generation, a start / stop switch for automatic performance, and other switches. The sound source circuit 7 has a CP
A tone is produced or muted according to a pronunciation instruction or a pronunciation stop instruction from U1. The amplifier 8 amplifies the audio signal input from the microphone 9 and inputs the amplified audio signal to the AD converter 6.

Next, the operation of the embodiment will be described with reference to the CPU 1.
This will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. FIG. 3 shows the CPU 1
Of the initial processing (step A
After performing 1), loop processing is executed. In this initial process, the registers shown in FIG. 2 are cleared, and the trigger level flag, switch flag, and pitch change flag are set to off. In the subsequent loop processing, scanning of the switch group 6 (step A2) and sampling of the audio signal, which is a one-key performance processing (step A2)
3), sound source processing (step A4), and other processing (step A5) are repeatedly executed. If there is a timer interrupt during this loop processing, timer interrupt processing is performed.

FIG. 3 shows a timer interrupt process. In response to a timer interrupt for each sampling period, the result of the AD conversion is fetched, and the current level and the previous level in FIG. 2 are updated (step B1). Then, an instruction to start the next AD conversion is issued (step B2), and Timer1 in FIG. 2 is incremented in order to measure a certain time (T1) (step B3). When the value of Timer1 is T
It is determined whether or not 1 has elapsed, that is, whether or not the predetermined number of sampling processes has been completed (step B4). T
If the time of 1 has not elapsed, the absolute value of the current level is added to the accumulated level in FIG. 2 (step B5). This addition is repeated until the value of Timer1 elapses the time of T1.

In step B4, if the value of Timer1 has passed the time of T1, the value obtained by dividing the value of the accumulation level by the number of accumulations N is set in the register of the average level in FIG. Then, it is determined whether or not the average level is equal to or higher than a predetermined level (step B7). If it is equal to or higher than the predetermined level V, the trigger level flag in FIG. 2 is set to ON. (Step B8). Next, it is determined whether the pitch change flag in FIG. 2 indicating that the pitch of the voice signal has changed is turned on or off (step B9). The pitch change flag is a flag that is set on or off depending on whether or not the pitch has changed within a predetermined time. The setting conditions will be described later. If this flag is off (the initial value is off), the switch (one key) flag of FIG. 2 for instructing sound generation is set to on (step B10). When the trigger level flag, the switch flag, and the pitch change flag are set on or off, if the flag is already set on or off, the process of maintaining the on or off state is performed. do.

In step B7, if the average level is less than the predetermined level, the trigger level is set to off since it is not recognized as a valid voice (step B1).
1) Set the switch flag to OFF (step B)
12). If the pitch change flag is on in step B9, the switch flag is turned off in step B12. After setting the switch flag to ON or OFF, the accumulation level and Timer1 are cleared (step B13).

Next, it is determined whether the trigger level is on or off (step B14). In step B5, when the absolute value of the current level is added to the accumulation level, the sampling level has not been reached, and the average level is not calculated and the trigger level is off. Also, when the average level is lower than the predetermined level in step B7, the trigger level is set to off in step B11. In step B14,
If the trigger level is off, this flow ends, and the process returns to the main flow of FIG.

If the trigger level is on in step B14, the operation shown in FIG.
Is incremented in Timer2 (step B1).
5). Next, Timer3 in FIG. 2 is incremented to measure the average pitch calculation time (T2) (step B16). Then, it is determined whether or not Timer3 has passed the time of T2 (step B17), and if not, it is determined whether or not the sign of the previous level is different from the sign of the current level (step B18). . That is, it is determined whether or not a zero cross exists between the previous level and the current level. If the sign is the same, the previous level and the current level exist in the same half cycle. In this case, this flow ends.

When the signs are different, this is a case where the transition from the positive or negative half cycle in which the previous level exists to the negative or positive half cycle in which the present level exists. In this case, T
Since time data of half cycle is stored in imer2, the value of Timer2 is recorded at the designated write address shown in FIG. 2 (step B19), and the write address is incremented (step B20). Next, Ti
mer2 is cleared (step B21), and this flow ends.

In step B17, while Timer3 does not reach T2, the value of Timer2, ie, half cycle time data, is recorded at the designated write address every time a zero crossing exists between the previous level and the current level. I do. When Timer 3 has elapsed the time T2, a plurality of time data of the period of the audio signal is recorded at the designated write address.

After the writing after the elapse of the time T2, the average value of the Timer2 values recorded until the designated address is advanced, that is, the average period is calculated and set in the average period register of FIG. 2 (step B22). ). Further, the MAX cycle and the MIN cycle of the value of Timer2 recorded up to the advanced designated address are searched and set in the register of FIG. 2 (step B23). Then, it is determined whether or not the difference between the average cycle and the MAX cycle and the MIN cycle is within a predetermined range (step B24). If this difference is within a predetermined range, it is determined that there is no change in pitch. In this case, the switch flag is set on (step B25), and the pitch change flag is set off (step B26).

In step B24, the average period and MA
If the difference between the X cycle and the MIN cycle exceeds a predetermined range, it means that the pitch has changed. In this case, the switch flag is set to off (step B27),
Set the pitch change flag to ON (step B2)
8). After setting the pitch change flag to off or on, Timer2 and Timer3 are cleared (step B29). Then, this flow is ended and the process returns to the main flow of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 5, the switch processing of the main flow is a mode switch (not shown) of the switch group 6.
It is determined whether or not has been operated (step C1). If it has been operated, it is determined whether or not the one-key mode has been set (step C2). When in one key mode,
The address AD of the pitch data of the automatic performance music in the ROM 2 is set to 0
It is set to (standby) (step C3), and the switch flag of the RAM 3 set by the timer interrupt is turned off (step C4). Thereafter, another switch process is performed (step C5), and the process returns to the main flow. In step C2, if the set mode is not the one-key mode, processing of the set other mode is performed (step C6), and the process proceeds to step C5 to perform another switch process, and then returns to the main flow. Even if the switch operated in step C1 is not the mode switch, the process returns to step C5 to perform another switch operation and then returns to the main flow.

The one-key performance process of the main flow is shown in FIG.
As shown in (1), it is first determined whether or not the mode is the one-key mode (step D1).
It is determined whether there is a change in the switch flag of AM3 (step D2). When the flag changes from OFF to ON, the address A of the pitch data of the automatic performance music in the ROM 2
D is incremented (stepped) (step D3). It is determined whether or not the end address has no pitch data as a result of the increment (step D4). If it is not the end address, the tone data at that address is read out to the tone generator circuit 7, and a tone generation instruction is given at the tone pitch (step D5). In step D4, if the specified address is the end address, AD is set to 0 (step D6), and the process proceeds to step D3, where AD is incremented to 1 and a tone is instructed at the first pitch (1). (Step D5). Thereafter, the process returns to the main flow.

In step D2, when the switch flag of the RAM 3 changes from on to off, the tone generator circuit 7
(Step D7), and returns to the main flow. If the switch flag has not changed in step D2, or if the mode is not the one-key mode in step D1, the process returns to the main flow without issuing a sounding instruction and a mute instruction.

That is, the CPU 1 constitutes a level detecting means for detecting whether or not the level of the input audio signal is equal to or higher than a predetermined level. Pitch change detecting means for detecting whether or not the sound level is higher than a predetermined level. Every time it is detected that the change in pitch exceeds a predetermined range, an address of the ROM 2 which is a storage means is incremented, and the pitch data of the incremented address is read and output to the tone generator 7. Is configured. Then, the on / off of the automatic performance is controlled by the level of the audio signal, and the on / off of the automatic performance is also controlled by the change of the pitch of the audio signal at a predetermined level or more. Therefore, the automatic performance can be performed using the sound with the natural pronunciation as a trigger, including the case of portamento.

In the above-described embodiment, the automatic performance device of the present invention has been described by taking an electronic keyboard instrument as an example. Can also be applied.

[0021]

According to the present invention, ON / OFF of the automatic performance is controlled by the level of the audio signal, and ON / OFF of the automatic performance is also controlled by a change in the pitch of the audio signal at a predetermined level or more. Therefore, the automatic performance can be performed using the sound with the natural pronunciation as a trigger, including the case of portamento.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exemplary block diagram showing a system configuration of an automatic performance device according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a view showing a memory map of a RAM shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a main flowchart of the CPU in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a timer interrupt process in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a switch process in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a one-key performance process in FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 CPU 2 ROM 3 RAM 4 Timer circuit 5 AD converter 7 Sound source circuit 9 Microphone

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A storage means for storing an automatic performance music composed of a plurality of tone data sequentially read out by address increments, and detecting whether or not the level of an input audio signal is equal to or higher than a predetermined level. A level detecting means for detecting, a pitch change detecting means for detecting whether or not a change in pitch of an audio signal having a predetermined level or more detected by the level detecting means exceeds a predetermined range; and Each time an audio signal of a predetermined level or higher is detected, or each time the pitch change detecting unit detects that the change of the pitch of the audio signal of the predetermined level or higher exceeds the predetermined range, the storage is performed. Data reading means for stepping up the address of the means, reading out the tone data at the stepped-up address, and outputting it to the sound source. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pitch change detecting means measures a period of the audio signal within a predetermined time, and detects the change in the pitch based on the change in the period.
The automatic performance device as described. 3. The pitch change detecting means detects a change in the sign of the sampled audio signal, and measures the time from the immediately preceding change point to the latest change point to thereby determine the period of the audio signal. 3. The automatic performance device according to claim 2, wherein the automatic performance is measured.