JPH10234345A - Method and device for roasting seeds in overheat steam - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a device for roasting sesame seeds so as to provide high-quality roasted sesame seeds in high yield while reducing the generation of dust. SOLUTION: The seeds such as sesame seeds are roasted by jetting overheat steam from 170 deg.C to 250 deg.C over the seeds moving under the atmosphere of low oxygen containing the overheat steam from 170 deg.C to 250 deg.C with gauge pressure lower than 1.0kg/cm so that the seeds, especially, sesame seeds can be safely roasted in a short time while keeping the degree of freshness and products having high uniformity in quality can be produced in high yield.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for roasting seeds and fruits using superheated steam, and more particularly to a method for roasting seeds and seeds such as sesame seeds, rapeseed, peanuts, cacao and coffee beans using superheated steam. It concerns the device.
In addition, the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for roasting sesame seeds using superheated steam, and more particularly to a method and an apparatus for roasting sesame seeds using superheated steam of sesame seeds.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, roasting of seeds and fruits, especially sesame seeds,
It is performed by the indirect hot air heating method. In this case, the sesame seeds to be roasted are put in from the inlet side of the rotary kiln inclined downward from the inlet side to the outlet side by the screw conveyor, and sent to the outlet side while rotating the rotary kiln. The inside of the heating jacket of the rotary kiln is connected to a hot-air generating furnace, and hot air containing combustion gas is sent from the inlet side to the outlet side of the rotary kiln to heat the inner wall of the rotary kiln to, for example, a temperature of 700 ° C. On the inlet side of the rotary kiln, it is connected to the suction port of the suction blower, and fresh air is sucked into the rotary kiln from the outlet side of the rotary kiln,
Cool the sesame seeds discharged from the outlet side. The sesame seeds supplied by the screw conveyor from the inlet side are sent to the outlet side by rotation of the rotary kiln, during which time they are heated and roasted by the inner wall of the rotary kiln heated to 700 ° C.

In this case, the fresh air introduced into the rotary kiln flows from the kiln outlet in a direction opposite to the flow of the sesame seeds in a so-called alternating current system, and smoke or scorched seeds generated by roasting the sesame seeds. It is exhausted from the rotary kiln inlet side as a flue gas containing dust such as the outer skin of the rotary kiln. The inlet side of the rotary kiln is connected to a hot air generating furnace via a suction blower, and a part of the flue gas discharged from the rotary kiln is introduced into a hot air generating furnace that generates hot air containing combustion gas and used for combustion. Is done. The flue gas supplied to the hot-air generating furnace burns dust contained in the flue gas by a burner combustion gas in the hot-air generating furnace, and is circulated and used as hot air for utilizing thermal energy. The remaining flue gas discharged from the rotary kiln inlet side is sent to the first cyclone for dust collection, where the contained dust is collected and discharged to the atmosphere.

[0004] The jacket outlet side of the rotary kiln is connected to a second dust-collecting cyclone, and the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the jacket of the rotary kiln is sent to the dust-collecting cyclone to be collected by the exhaust blower. Sent to the flue and released to the atmosphere. In roasting with this externally heated rotary kiln, the roasting temperature of sesame seeds is controlled by igniting or stopping the burner of the hot air generator, and the roasting time is controlled by an inverter that controls the rotation speed of the rotary kiln. Then, the sesame seeds are kept in the furnace by adjusting the residence time.

[0005]

The direct or indirect heating method using such a rotary kiln is composed of a rotary kiln, a hot air generating furnace and a flue gas treatment device. According to such a heating method using a rotary kiln, sesame seeds are heated to a high temperature of 700 ° C. by hot air and roasted. At the time of roasting, seeds, especially sesame seeds are forcibly rolled and dropped by rotation of the rotary kiln. Being subject to friction and shock. On the other hand, nuts and seeds, especially sesame seeds, contain about 50% of fats and oils composed of fatty acids such as linoleic acid and oleic acid, and these components have a property of being easily burnt and burnable when heated in the air. In addition, when roasting sesame seeds with a rotary kiln, a so-called indirect heating method in which sesame seeds are heated from the outside via a heating plate such as an iron plate is often used. However, since sesame seeds are heated to a high temperature in the rotary kiln, uneven grilling and scorching tend to occur.

[0006] In this case, the amounts of sesame seeds and air introduced into the rotary kiln are liable to fluctuate, but when the flow rates of the sesame seeds and air fluctuate, the sesame seeds adhere to the inside of the kiln and one place is formed. Heating for a long time causes carbonization to proceed, further heating, igniting, and burning, which is a problem. Further, when the sesame seeds are burned in this way, the heat of combustion makes it impossible to control the roasting temperature of the sesame seeds in the rotary kiln, thereby causing a risk of causing a fire.

[0007] When roasting sesame seeds with a rotary kiln, the outer skin of the sesame seeds is peeled off due to friction and impact because air is introduced while rotating the kiln. Scattered garbage etc. increase, and the exhaust contains a lot of dust.
It is necessary to remove dust in the exhaust gas by a dust collecting cyclone in order to avoid environmental pollution. In addition, even if dust is removed using a dust collecting cyclone, the dust separated by the cyclone must be periodically scraped out, which requires a man to scrape out the dust.

The generation of dust during roasting is as follows.
This is a problem not only because of the need to pay close attention to the management of operating conditions, but also to a reduction in the quality and yield of roasted sesame seeds. An object of the present invention is to solve the problems related to the characteristics of sesame seeds and the fluctuations in the supply amount of sesame seeds and air, which lowers the quality and yield of roasted sesame seeds and the danger of causing a fire and the like. It is an object.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, sesame seeds can be roasted at a relatively low temperature of a heating medium temperature by heating superheated steam of 170 ° C. or more, and uneven roasting, burning, etc. Has been found to be able to reduce the occurrence of defective products. An object of the present invention is to provide a roasting method and a roasting apparatus for sesame seeds that can obtain high-quality roasted sesame seeds at a high yield and with less generation of dust.

That is, according to the present invention, the temperature is 170 to 250 ° C.
In a low-oxygen atmosphere containing superheated steam at a gauge pressure of 1.0 kg / cm ² or less,
The method for roasting seeds is characterized by roasting the seeds by injecting superheated steam at 0 to 250 ° C.
According to the present invention, seeds are placed on a conveyor, automatically fed into a roasting apparatus, and superheated steam having a temperature of 170 to 250 ° C. is injected as a heating medium at a gauge pressure of 1.0 kg / cm ² or less to the seeds. And roasting sesame seeds in a low-oxygen atmosphere excluding air from the roasting apparatus.

[0011] The present invention relates to a seed roasting apparatus provided with a seed roasting chamber for roasting seeds, wherein an upper running path of a conveyor for transferring seeds is provided horizontally in the roasting chamber. A seed and / or a seed, wherein a plurality of superheated steam jet holes are formed above the upper runway of the conveyor for transferring seeds and seeds and formed toward the upper runway. The present invention also provides a seed roasting apparatus having a seed roasting chamber for roasting seeds, wherein the upper runway of a conveyor for transferring seeds is provided in the roasting chamber. A superheated steam injector, which is formed in a horizontal direction and has a plurality of superheated steam jet holes formed above the upper runway of the conveyor for transferring seeds and seeds, is formed toward the upper runway. A stirrer is provided on the upper runway of the conveyor in the roasting room. Has a built-in superheated steam supply device incorporating an electric heater, wherein the superheated steam supply device communicates with the superheated steam injector by a pipe line, and is a roasting device for seeds and seeds. .

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, seeds and seeds refer to sesame seeds, peanuts, cacao, and coffee beans. In the present invention, sesame seeds will be mainly described below. Raw sesame seeds are roasted in a sesame seed roasting chamber having a semi-hermetic structure with only the sesame seed raw material inlet and the roasted sesame seed product outlet open to the atmosphere. This roasted sesame seed is
A sesame seed layer formed by depositing sesame seeds on a conveyor penetrating the sesame seed roasting chamber to a certain thickness, for example, a thickness of 5 mm or more, is placed on a conveyor from the entrance to the exit of the sesame seed roasting chamber, Preferably, it is performed by continuously injecting superheated steam at a temperature of 170 to 250 ° C. while moving the sesame seeds while mixing them with a stirrer. The stirring of the sesame seed layer can be performed, for example, by rotating a stirring blade attached to a shaft spread over the conveyor to stir the sesame seeds being conveyed on the conveyor.

Prior to heating the sesame seeds, it is preferable to replace the air in the sesame seed roasting chamber with superheated steam to make the roasting chamber atmosphere with a reduced oxygen concentration. In the present invention, the roasting atmosphere of sesame seeds due to superheated steam in such a sesame seed roasting chamber does not reach the oxygen concentration at which the sesame seeds burn, and is lower than the heating temperature during conventional roasting. In addition, sesame seeds will not ignite.

In the present invention, although there is a difference in thermal efficiency due to a difference between indirect heating and direct heating, sesame seeds can be roasted at a heating medium temperature due to a heating effect of superheated steam of 170 ° C. or more. In addition, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of defective products due to uneven printing, burning, and the like. The time required for roasting sesame seeds can be shortened by increasing the processing temperature. When the temperature of the sesame seeds during roasting is about 200 ° C., the roasting time can be 5 to 6 minutes. This roasting time is about half that of roasting when the temperature of the sesame seeds is 200 ° C. by the combustion gas. For example, when the temperature of the sesame seeds during roasting is set to 200 ° C., when using superheated steam, for example, superheated steam can be directly sprayed onto the sesame seeds at a speed of several + m / sec. In this case, the sesame seeds are directly heated by the superheated steam and heated by the radiant heat of the superheated steam, so that the roasting can be performed with high thermal efficiency.

In the present invention, in the case of superheated steam,
Because the raw steam itself of the superheated steam is clean,
When roasting sesame seeds with superheated steam, no impurities are brought from the superheated steam. This is different from the case where combustion gas is used. In the case of using superheated steam, impurities admixed and attached to the sesame seeds as a raw material are blown off and removed because superheated steam is directly jetted at a speed of several tens of m / sec.

Further, according to the method of the present invention, sesame seeds are stacked on a conveyor, and the thickness of the sesame seed layer is reduced to 5 to 60.
mm, preferably 30 mm or less, and roasted by moving while stirring with a stirrer. When the thickness of the sesame seed layer is 5 mm or less, roasting can be performed without strong stirring. In this case, the generation of dust is extremely small, and the cleanliness of the roasted sesame seeds can be increased. Further, the impurities removed by being blown off by the injection of the superheated steam adhere to the roasting chamber, but the impurities adhering to the roasting chamber can be removed by, for example, periodic cleaning. For example, the roasting room door provided on the side surface is opened, and the heating can be performed using the steam of the superheating medium.

The roasting chamber of the present invention is formed, for example, in a roasting furnace. In the present invention, the sesame seed roasting apparatus includes a roasting furnace main body, a heater such as an electric heater for producing superheated steam provided inside or outside the roasting furnace, and connected to the heater. A superheated steam injector, a sesame seed roasting conveyor extending from the roasting furnace inlet to the furnace outlet, and an exhaust fan for discharging exhaust gas from the roasting furnace to the outside. The roasting furnace main body is formed by being surrounded by a heat insulating wall made of a heat insulating member in which the inner and outer surfaces in which the heat insulating material is placed in the center are covered with a thin stainless steel plate. A cleaning door is provided which can be opened on one side, preferably both sides, of the directional side.

In the present invention, a heater such as an electric heater for converting saturated steam into superheated steam is provided with a shortest superheated steam injector provided along the conveyor in order to minimize heat radiation of the superheated steam. From the viewpoint of maintenance, it is preferable to install the unit so that the units are connected at a distance, for example, at the upper part in a roasting furnace, surrounded by a heat shield plate. The heater can be freely selected. However, from the viewpoint of price and compactness, an electric heater, particularly a sheathed heater of a stainless steel cartridge type is desirable.

In the present invention, the shape of the superheated steam injector is such that a large number of small injection ports are dispersed so as to cover the width of the conveyor and the length direction of the roasting chamber so that the sesame seeds are uniformly heated. It may be a tube bundle shape, a box shape or a hood shape provided with a perforated plate, and is preferably made of stainless steel. The mounting position of the superheated steam injection port is 5 to 10 from the sesame seeds at the top, bottom, or the side where the sesame seeds can be moved slightly without scattering.
It is preferable that the distance is set at a distance of cm. It is preferable that at least a part of the connecting pipe connecting the electric heater and the superheated steam injector be a flexible pipe because the distance between the electric heater and the superheated steam injector can be easily adjusted. Further, it is preferable to provide a superheated steam injection port near the entrance of the conveyor in the roasting furnace, since heat dissipation can be reduced by an air curtain effect.

In the present invention, the sesame seed roasting conveyor may be a belt conveyor having a moving surface that is horizontal or raised at the center. In this case, it is preferable that the transfer speed can be freely adjusted by, for example, an inverter or the like, and it is preferable that the sesame seeds are made of stainless steel with a fine mesh of about 1 mm square that does not cause clogging or dropping. When raising the center of the sesame seed roasting conveyor, the temperature distribution on the conveyor is highest in the upper part of the center, so it is structurally complicated, but since the thermal efficiency is improved,
It is preferable from the viewpoint of thermal efficiency. It is preferable that the return line of the conveyor, that is, the lower runway, be passed through the lower part of the roasting furnace main body without being exposed to the outside air in order to minimize heat radiation.

In the present invention, the exhaust fan is provided for releasing superheated steam, which has been cooled to a low temperature by heat exchange with sesame seeds, and moisture and volatile components evaporated from the sesame seeds, outside the furnace. In the present invention, in order to reduce gas inflow and outflow from the conveyor opening of the roasting furnace and minimize heat loss, it is preferable to maintain the same pressure in the outside air and in the apparatus, and the material is iron. Is preferred. The air outlet in the roasting furnace is
In order to be countercurrent to the flow of sesame seeds, it is desirable to provide it below the conveyor inlet of the roasting furnace. Further, it is preferable to provide a shielding plate between the conveyor outlet and the exhaust port in order to reduce the short path of the air flow between the conveyor outlet and the exhaust port of the roasting furnace.

[0022]

According to the present invention, seeds, especially sesame seeds, which are moving under a low oxygen atmosphere containing superheated steam at a temperature of 170 to 250 ° C. at a gauge pressure of 1.0 kg / cm ² or less, are subjected to a temperature of 170 to 250 ° C. Injecting superheated steam of ℃, seeds,
In particular, since sesame seeds are roasted, the roasting temperature of sesame seeds can be relatively low, and browning and burning of sesame seeds generated during roasting can be avoided. Further, in the present invention, since the roasting is performed in a superheated steam atmosphere having a low oxygen concentration, the decomposition polymerization reaction of oils and fats and sugars contained in the sesame seeds can be avoided, and the obtained roasted sesame seeds can be obtained. The oxidizing property of the sesame oil component to the pile can be increased, and the uniformity of the quality of the roasted sesame seed and the yield can be improved.

In the present invention, the upper running path of the sesame seed transfer conveyor is formed in the roasting chamber in a horizontal direction, and is located above the upper run path of the sesame seed transfer conveyor.
A superheated steam injector having a plurality of superheated steam ejection holes formed toward the upper runway is provided, a stirrer is provided on the upper runway of the conveyor for transferring sesame seeds, and a roasting chamber is provided. Has a built-in superheated steam supply device incorporating an electric heater, and is provided with a conduit connecting the superheated steam supply device and the superheated steam injector, so that the sesame seeds are roasted in a roasting chamber by a conveyor. While transporting the sesame seeds, the sesame seeds can be roasted uniformly with superheated steam, and the uniformity of the quality of the roasted sesame seeds and the improvement in yield can be achieved.

[0024]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited by the following description and illustrations. FIG.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram for describing an outline of a sesame seed roasting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows FIG.
It is a conceptual diagram for explaining the outline of the superheated steam injection pipe used in the example of a. FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a wire mesh conveyor equipped with a stirrer used in a sesame seed roasting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. is there. FIG. 4 is a schematic side view mainly showing a wire mesh conveyor and a stirrer in the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 mainly showing a wire mesh screen conveyor. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between roasting time and roasting temperature exerted on a roasted product in roasting sesame seeds. 1 to 6, the same or corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the roasting furnace 1
The bottom is covered with a shielding plate 2. On one side of the roasting furnace 1, an inlet 5 of the upper runway 4 of the conveyor 3 is formed, and on the other side, an outlet 6 of the upper runway 4 of the conveyor 3 is formed. In this example, the lower runway 7 of the conveyor 3 extends below the shielding plate 2, and the entrance 8 of the lower runway 7 of the conveyor 3 is formed below the upper runway exit 6 of the conveyor 3, and the lower runway 7 of the conveyor 3 is formed. Is formed below the entrance 5 on the conveyor. In the present example, superheated steam injection pipes 11 each having a superheated steam injection port 10 are provided above and below the on-conveyor runway 4.

In this embodiment, the superheated steam injection pipe 11 is
It is connected via a superheated steam supply pipe 12 to a superheated steam production device 14 having an electric heater 13 built-in. The superheated steam producing apparatus 14 is connected to a saturated steam supply source (not shown) via a saturated steam supply pipe 16 having a pressure reducing valve 15.
Connected to Below the inlet 5 of the conveyor 3 of the roasting furnace 1, an exhaust pipe 18 connected to an exhaust fan 17 for exhausting the roasting furnace 1 is connected.

In this embodiment, a temperature sensor 19 is provided at the center of the upper running path 4 of the conveyor 3 to detect the temperature in the roasting furnace 1 and control the temperature in the roasting furnace. The signal line 20 of the sensor 19 is connected to a roasting furnace temperature control device 21 provided outside the roasting furnace. The roasting furnace temperature control device 21 performs on-off control via the supply wire 22 of the electric heater 13 of the superheated steam producing device 14 in accordance with the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 19, The temperature in the roasting furnace 1 is adjusted to the temperature set in the control device 21 to the set target temperature.

Since this embodiment is configured as described above,
While operating the exhaust fan 17, superheated steam is injected from the superheated steam injection port 10 into the roasting furnace 1 to replace air in the roasting furnace 1 with superheated steam. It is formed in an oxygen atmosphere. Then, the drive motor 24 of the conveyor 3 is operated to drive the conveyor 3 in the direction of arrow 25. The sesame seeds 23 are supplied to the entrance 5 of the upper runway 4 of the conveyor 3 and the sesame seeds are placed on the conveyor 3 for 5 m.
m and formed into a layer having a thickness of not more than m and sent into the roasting furnace 1. In the roasting furnace 1, the sesame seeds 23 are heated by the superheated steam injected from the superheated steam injection port 10, and are heated and roasted by the radiant heat of the superheated steam filling the roasting furnace 1.

The roasted sesame seeds 23 are cooled by the outside air slightly entering from the upper runway exit 6, and
From the product. In this example, sesame seeds are deposited on a conveyor to a thickness of 5 mm or less and roasted. In this example, the conveyor 3 is formed of a heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant wire mesh, for example, a stainless steel mesh or a perforated plate. The size of the mesh and the holes of the perforated plate are such that sesame seed grains do not fall off.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show the conveyor 3 used in the embodiment in which the sesame seeds 23 are formed in a layer having a thickness of 5 mm or more on the conveyor 3 and roasted. In this example, the stainless steel wire mesh chain conveyor or wire mesh belt conveyor 3 has side walls 26 with both side portions raised, and the sesame seeds 23 are formed in the conveyor 3 in a layer having a thickness of 5 mm or more. Things. When the thickness of the sesame seed layer is 5 mm or more, in order to uniformly roast the sesame seed, the sesame seed layer may be stirred, for example, to mix the upper layer and the lower layer of the sesame seed layer. is necessary.

Therefore, in the present embodiment, a stirring shaft 30 provided with a stirring blade 29 on one side wall 28 of the roasting furnace 1 is provided in a region of the roasting furnace 1 which is injected from the superheated steam injection port 10.
Are formed, and a plurality of stirring shaft insertion holes 33 are formed in the other side wall portion 32 of the roasting furnace 1.
No. 0 protrudes outward from each stirring shaft insertion hole 33, and a pulley 35 is attached to each, and a belt 34 is bridged between the pulleys 35, and one of the stirring shafts 30 is rotated by a motor 36 for driving the stirring shaft. It is formed in connection with the shaft 37. In this case, the stirrer can be mounted in two or three sets in a two-stage system.

Since the present example is configured as described above,
5 mm or more thickness, preferably 3 mm, on the conveyor 3
A sesame seed layer having a thickness of about 1 mm is formed and sent into the roasting furnace 1.
Therefore, the motor 34 for driving the stirring shaft is driven to drive the stirring shaft 2.
Rotate 9 to stir the sesame seed layer on conveyor 3,
The upper and lower layers of the sesame seed layer are mixed, and the sesame seeds 23 are mixed.
Roast. The sesame seeds 23 thus stirred by the stirring blades 28 were roasted uniformly and had good quality.

[0033]

EXAMPLE In this example, a small roasting furnace 1 having an internal volume of 200 l was used. The boiler-type superheated steam generator 14 generates 1 kg / cm ³ G, 300 ° C. superheated steam, and flows into the roasting furnace 1 at an outer diameter of 60 kg / h at a flow rate of 50 kg / h.
40 mm holes with a diameter of 6 mm are formed in a pipe with a length of 800 mm and a length of 800 mm.
The sesame seeds 23 were roasted by jetting from the injection pipes 11 provided.

Five minutes after the start of the superheated steam injection, the humidity was measured by a high-temperature hygrometer at the upper surface of the conveyor 60 mm below the injection port 10, and the oxygen concentration was measured. It was confirmed that it was less than half in comparison. In the case of the roasting apparatus of the present example, the structure shown in the present invention, considering that the opening area ratio of the conveyor entrance and exit is large compared to the internal volume due to its small size and that no special measures have been taken against intrusion of outside air. When the scale is increased based on the above, it can be sufficiently predicted that the opening area ratio becomes small and the oxygen concentration during roasting is further reduced.

Example 1 In FIGS. 1 and 2, a boiler (not shown)
5 to 7 kg / cm ³ G saturated steam generated in the above is reduced to about ² kg / cm ² G by the pressure reducing valve 15 and heated by the electric heater 2 built in the upper part of the roasting apparatus main body 1 to 170 to 70 kg / cm ³ G
Produce superheated steam at 250 ° C. The superheated steam is connected to the connecting pipe 16.
The sesame seed material 23 is injected from the injection pipe 11 from above and below or from the side of the conveyor 3. In FIG.
1 is shown as an example provided with upper and lower parts. The heat exchanges with the sesame seed raw material 15 and the steam whose temperature has dropped is discharged outside the system by the exhaust fan 17. The conveyor 3 has penetrated the roasting furnace main body 1 and the motor 24 is driven.
And the product is taken out from the outlet 6 as a product. The return line of the conveyor, that is, the lower runway 7 is provided with a shielding plate 2 to penetrate the lower part of the apparatus for the purpose of suppressing heat radiation and to prevent ventilation and enhance the heat insulating effect.

The operating temperature of the apparatus is detected by the temperature sensor 19 and the output of the electric heater 13 is automatically adjusted. During the processing time, the feed speed of the conveyor 3 is adjusted by the inverter control of the motor 24. These control instruments are stored in a control device 21 mounted on the roasting furnace main body 1. The set pressure of the pressure reducing valve 15 is determined by the pressure loss of the electric heater 13, the superheated steam supply pipe 12, and the injection pipe 11 according to the steam flow rate.
g / cm ² G. The shape of the injection tube 11 can be formed into a tube bundle, a box shape or a hood shape formed by dispersing a large number of small injection holes 10 so that the sesame seed material 23 is uniformly heated. FIG. 2 shows the injection pipes 11 provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the conveyor.

Example 2 Operating conditions for roasting sesame seeds were determined by using washing sesame and combining the temperature of the superheated steam injection port at 150 to 300 ° C. and the roasting treatment time within the range of 30 seconds to 15 minutes. Was done.
The roasted products were evaluated for appearance, color, aroma and moisture. The results are comprehensively determined and are shown in Table 1. In Table 1, the roasting temperature (° C.) is shown vertically and the roasting time (minutes) is shown horizontally. In the table, ◎ means good, ○ means good, and × means bad.

[0038]

FIG. 6 shows the contents of Table 1. In FIG.
The marks ◎, ○, and × are the same as those in Table 1; the area within the dotted line indicates the area where roasting treatment is possible, and the area within the solid line indicates a favorable area. If the temperature is lower than 170 ° C., the degree of browning is insufficient and the processing time is 1
It takes more than 0 minutes. On the other hand, if the temperature exceeds 250 ° C., it becomes dark and has a scumming and cracks occur. If the processing time is less than 1 minute, the quality is not constant even if the temperature is increased. It is economical to carry out roasting treatment in a high temperature region as short as possible according to the amount of treatment while avoiding these undesirable regions. For example, when the temperature of the sesame seed to be roasted is 210 ° C., the roasting time is preferably 1 to 2 minutes, and when the temperature of the sesame seed is 200 ° C., the roasting time is preferably 1 to 3 minutes. When the seed temperature is 190 ° C., the roasting time is preferably 2 to 4 minutes.

[0040]

According to the present invention, seeds, especially sesame seeds, which are moving under a low oxygen atmosphere containing superheated steam at a temperature of 170 to 250 ° C. at a gauge pressure of 1.0 kg / cm ³ or less, can be treated with a temperature of 170 ° C. Injecting superheated steam of ~ 250 ° C,
Nuts, especially sesame seeds are roasted, so conventional seeds,
In particular, compared to the method and apparatus for roasting sesame seeds, the roasting temperature can be lowered, and the antioxidant properties of the roasted seeds, especially the sesame oil component of sesame seeds, can be increased. The uniformity of the quality of sesame seeds and the yield can be improved.

In the present invention, the upper running path of the sesame seed transfer conveyor is formed in the roasting chamber in a horizontal direction, and a plurality of superheated steam injection holes are provided above the upper run path of the sesame seed transfer conveyor. It is provided with a superheated steam injector formed on the upper runway, and has a simple structure, compared with conventional seeds, especially sesame seed roasting method and apparatus, seeds, especially sesame seeds Roasting can be maintained safely and quickly in a short time, and a product with high uniformity of quality can be produced with high yield.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram for explaining an outline of a sesame seed roasting apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram for schematically explaining a superheated steam injection pipe used in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a wire mesh chain conveyor with a stirrer used in a sesame seed roasting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2; It is.

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view mainly showing a wire mesh screen conveyor and a stirrer for the embodiment shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, mainly showing a wire mesh screen conveyor.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between roasting time and roasting temperature on a roasted product in roasting sesame seeds.

[Description of Signs] 1 Roasting furnace 2 Shield plate 3 Conveyor, net conveyor 4 Upper runway of conveyor 3 5 Entrance of upper runway 4 6 Exit of upper runway 7 Lower runway of conveyor 3 8 Entrance of lower runway 9 Lower runway 7 outlet 10 superheated steam injection port 11 superheated steam injection pipe 12 superheated steam supply pipe 13 electric heater 14 superheated steam production device 15 pressure reducing valve 16 saturated steam supply pipe 17 exhaust fan 18 exhaust pipe 19 temperature sensor 20 signal line 21 roasting furnace Internal temperature control device 22 Supply wire 23 Sesame seed 24 Driving motor 25 Arrow 26 Side wall rising on both sides of net conveyor 3 27 Conveyor main body 28, 32 Side wall portion of roasting furnace 1 29 Stirrer blade 30 Stirrer shaft 31 Bearing portion 33 Stirring shaft insertion hole 34 Belt 35 Pulley 36 Stirring shaft drive motor 37 Rotary shaft of motor 36

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. In a low-oxygen atmosphere containing superheated steam at a temperature of 170 to 250 ° C. at a gauge pressure of 1.0 kg / cm ² or less, superheated steam at a temperature of 170 to 250 ° C. is injected into seeds and seeds. A method for roasting seeds, comprising roasting seeds. 2. A method of injecting superheated steam at a temperature of 170 to 250 ° C. at a gauge pressure of 1.0 kg / cm ² or less into a seed which moves while stirring the seed in a low oxygen atmosphere. A method for roasting seeds and fruits, comprising roasting. 3. The method for roasting seeds and seeds according to claim 1, wherein the seeds and seeds are sesame seeds. 4. A seed roasting apparatus having a seed roasting chamber for roasting seeds, wherein an upper runway of a conveyor for transferring seeds is provided in the roasting chamber in a horizontal direction. And
A seed roasting apparatus characterized in that a superheated steam injector is provided above an upper runway of the conveyor for transferring seeds with the superheated steam jet hole directed toward the upper runway. 5. An apparatus for roasting seeds comprising a seed roasting chamber for roasting seeds, wherein an upper runway of a conveyor for transferring seeds is provided in the roasting chamber in a horizontal direction. And
A plurality of superheated steam injectors are provided with the superheated steam jet holes directed toward the upper runway above the upper runway of the conveyor for transferring seeds, and a stirrer is provided on the upper runway of the conveyor for transferring seeds and seeds. A superheated steam supply device incorporating an electric heater is incorporated in the roasting chamber, and the superheated steam supply device communicates with the superheated steam injector via a pipe line. Nut roasting equipment. 6. The apparatus for roasting seeds and seeds according to claim 4, wherein the seeds are sesame seeds.