JPH10221018A - Three-dimensional measuring method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable even a large to-be-measured object to be simply measured by radiating parallel light beams of laser to the object and then measuring a distance to prepare a reference scale of imaging with a CCD camera. SOLUTION: A laser is generated to radiate in parallel a fixed side laser pointer 2 and a horizontal (or vertical) side laser pointer 3 spaced by a known distance from the pointer 2 on a to-be-measured surface to form laser points 2a, 3a on the measured object which is image-picked-up by a CCD camera to be preserved in a computer by a videocapture. Reference scales in the vertical and horizontal directions are prepared by the fixed side laser pointer 2 and the vertical side laser pointer 4 attached vertically spaced by a specified interval from the pointer 2. These reference scales are used to click two imaging points on a monitor picture plane for calculating the length and click from 2 to 4 points for calculating the area. Further, it is possible that the picked up image is copied on a paper surface so that the reference scale is used to measure the object.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a three-dimensional measuring method for measuring the surface dimensions and area of any three-dimensional object such as a building, a workpiece or the like, and a planar object. For example, it is suitable for dimensional measurement of a place where measurement is difficult by ordinary means such as a wall surface of a high-rise building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to measure an object to be measured having a three-dimensional shape such as an automobile body, that is, a work surface shape and its dimensions, the work is fixed on a measuring table.
A so-called three-dimensional measuring machine is used in which a measuring needle (stylus) movable in a three-dimensional direction is stapled on the surface of the work to read and measure its coordinates. There is a limit to the size of a work that can be placed on the work table of such a coordinate measuring machine, and the target is limited.

A method of using a CCD camera for measuring a large workpiece is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-26639.
In this method, as shown in FIG. 5, a reference point member C is provided around the workpiece A on the positioning and holding jig B or at least four places on the workpiece, and the distance DE between the two points is known. The reference bar F is attached, and the tripod 31,
The image is captured by two or more CCD cameras 30 and 32 on the reference numeral 33. When calculating the position of the measurement point based on the image data, first, two points of the reference point members and the reference bar in the image data are used. From the horizontal and vertical angles of the two or more CCD cameras with respect to the optical axis, and the distance between two points on the reference bar, the absolute positions of the two or more CCD cameras are calculated by the computer 34 with the image processing device. Thereafter, the position of the measurement point is calculated based on the data, and the data of each measurement point is calculated by the triangulation method to measure the three-dimensional size of the work A.

[0004]

As described above, it is possible to perform three-dimensional measurement by installing two or more CCD cameras and attaching a reference bar on or near the work. There is a measurement object that is difficult to attach to a subject, and it is not applicable to a case where a large measurement object is to be measured by a simple measurement device. For example, measurement of the dimensions of the outer wall of a building, measurement of the area of a huge signboard, and the like.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems Two laser spot lights on the fixed side and the movable side are irradiated in parallel (and perpendicularly) on the surface of the object to be measured at a predetermined interval, and then the laser light on the movable side is irradiated. The irradiation point is adjusted to the irradiation point on the object to be measured by the laser on the fixed side, the angle θ shaken for that is known, and the laser light source on the movable side is rotated by 2θ in the reverse direction from that position and irradiated. At this time, the distance between the irradiation point formed on the object to be measured and the irradiation point on the fixed side is defined as the fixed side and the movable side by the parallel irradiation.
Determined from the ratio of the distance between the irradiation points of the point, the distance from the laser light source to the object to be measured by this and the irradiation angle θ, the inclination angle of the object to be measured with respect to the light source,
Next, the same operation is performed in the vertical (or horizontal) direction, and the inclination in the vertical direction is measured. The horizontal and vertical reference scales on the image picked up by the CCD camera are calculated, stored, delineated on the image picked up, and the length is picked up. , An area, or the like, or an image of an object to be measured is recorded and measured later.

[0006]

The device and the measuring method are as follows.
The object to be measured is irradiated with a parallel beam of laser having a known interval size, then one of them is superimposed on the other light spot to measure the distance, and a reference scale for imaging with a CCD camera is created. By doing so, it is possible to easily measure dimensions, areas, irregularities, etc., even for a large object to be measured, and to perform dimension measurement from imaging. In addition, the object to be measured can be targeted regardless of distance.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a measuring apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which an object to be measured is irradiated with laser light, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a measuring method, and FIG. Is a flowchart of a measurement procedure, and FIG. 5 shows an outline of a three-dimensional measuring apparatus according to the prior application.

The main body 1 of the dimension measuring device according to the present invention comprises:
A fixed-side laser pointer 2 connected to a laser generator, a laser pointer 3 that can be swung in a vertical direction at a neck 3r at a predetermined distance from the light source 2, and a predetermined It comprises a laser device L comprising a laser pointer 4 which can be swung in the horizontal direction at a distance from the neck 4r, a CCD camera unit 5, a computer 6, its monitor device 8 and a video device 7.

The computer 6 operates by incorporating software such as a video capture and laser pointer control function, an image input and image analysis function, and a triangulation method as software. The image data is transferred to the computer 6 by a video capture device driver. And the laser pointer and the image monitor 8 are controlled. The image data captured by the CCD camera 5 is captured by the video, and can be reproduced on a monitor. A probe (not shown) is provided between any two points on the image displayed on the monitor screen. ) Is attached, and a program that can calculate the dimensions or the area between them by clicking is installed. In FIG. 1, such a computer 6 and the CCD camera 5 are shown as one body, but they may be configured separately. The laser pointer control function of the computer enables each light source to swing, and the information on the angles is used for the calculation of the triangulation method.

It is also possible to manually operate the rotation of the laser pointer while confirming the irradiation point of the laser beam irradiated on the object to be measured on the monitor screen, or by inputting angle information to a computer. It may be rotated. It is necessary to connect a keyboard for inputting various information and processing instructions to such a computer, but separate input is performed by a computer of the type in which the instruction is performed by clicking a predetermined location on the monitor screen. The device may be omitted.

An example of a measuring method using the above measuring device will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 2, A is a building as an object to be measured, and the measuring device 1 according to the present invention is supported by a tripod 9 at an appropriate position and distance in front of the object to be measured. Usually, the measurement target portion of the DUT is C
It is desirable to install the apparatus in a position where it can be accommodated as a single image in the CD camera 5, but when it is particularly necessary to increase the measurement accuracy, the apparatus 1 is brought close to the DUT A to partially image several places. Of course, it is also possible to measure. In any case, a reference scale described later needs to be created for each imaging.

First, a laser is oscillated, and a fixed side laser pointer 2 and a horizontal (or vertical) side laser pointer 3 at a known interval are radiated in parallel to a surface to be measured, and laser points 2a and 3a are placed on the object to be measured. Which is photographed by a CCD camera and stored in a computer by video capture. In the image on the monitor screen 8, the number p1 of pixels between the laser points 2a and 3a corresponds to the known interval, and the computer recognizes and stores this.
Next, the irradiation angle is changed by rotating the neck 3r of the laser light source 3, and the laser point 3b is superimposed on the laser point 2a of the fixed laser light source. The swing angle θ required for this operation is stored in the computer.
The distance la from the laser pointer 2 to the laser point is calculated using this θ and the known distance B between the fixed laser 2 and the movable laser 3 by using a triangulation method or the like.

Next, the laser pointer 3 is moved in the opposite direction (in the direction away from the irradiation point 2a) and the θ
Irradiation is performed by rotating at twice the angle of the laser beam to form a laser point 3c. The number of pixels p2 (or p1 + p) between the laser point 3a (or 2a) and this 3c
2) is stored in the computer. In this case, if the measurement surface of the object A is perpendicularly opposed to the laser pointer 2, the number of pixels p2 between the laser points 3a and 3c and the number of pixels p between the laser points 2a and 3a will be described.
1 is the same number. If the numbers are not the same, it means that the laser device and the CCD camera are not opposed at right angles to the surface of the measured object. In order to numerically correct the tilt angle, the computer calculates the ratio C of the number of pixels p1, p2 between 2a, 3a and 3a, 3c (or 2a, 3c) and the distance C of p2 from the known distance B, Next, the device 1 calculates the distance lb between 3C from the C and the swing angle θ (or 90-θ) of the laser pointer 3. further,
The inclination angle of the object to be measured with respect to the laser light source is known from the difference between lb and la, and a reference dimension for image capture by a monitor screen or a CCD camera is calculated to determine a reference scale for image capture. The scale is displayed on an image or stored in a computer as a basis for calculation of dimensions, area, and the like.

Next, measurements in the vertical (or horizontal) direction are made. Vertical laser pointer 4 attached to fixed laser pointer 2 at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction
The measurement is performed by the above-described measurement method and procedure on the horizontal side. As a result, vertical and horizontal reference scales are created.

Using the created horizontal and vertical reference scales, click (instruct) two points of imaging on the computer monitor screen to set the length, and click two to four points. The area can be calculated by software, and the image can be copied on a paper surface and measured using a reference scale. FIG. 4 shows the outline of the above measurement procedure as a flowchart.

The left column of the flowchart shows the operation procedure of the laser beam and the CCD camera and the like, and the middle column and the right column show the length measurement from image pickup, area calculation, and the like.

Although the position of the objective lens 5 a of the CCD camera 5 may be arbitrary, it is effective to keep the measurement part of the measured object at the center of the monitor screen in consideration of the lens aberration in order to maintain the measurement accuracy. It is natural.

[0018]

According to the above operation, the distance from the camera or the light source can be known, and therefore, it can be used for measuring the three-dimensional shape of the measured object. By displaying the reference scale on the monitor screen, it is possible to visually grasp the dimensions.

Since three pointers for irradiating a laser beam are attached to a CCD camera and a computer device in parallel or freely adjustable in angle, three-dimensional measurement can be performed by a simple operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a two-dimensional measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a method for measuring dimensions and area of a wall surface of a building using the two-dimensional measuring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a laser beam irradiation direction for dimension measurement.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating an outline of a measurement procedure.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a conventional type three-dimensional measuring device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Dimension measuring device main body 2 Fixed side laser pointer 3 Vertical side laser pointer 4 Horizontal side laser pointer 5 CCD camera unit 6 Computer 7 Video device 8 Monitor screen

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (71) Applicant 597017982 Katsuhiko Ueno 714 Kawaiji, Kawachinagano-shi, Osaka (71) Applicant 395019328 CSK Osaka System Co., Ltd. 1-3-1900 Umeda, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka (72) Inventor Tomoaki Tsunoda 4-7-1312 Shimaya, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka (72) Inventor Yukio Miyamoto 4-7-13-12 Shimaya, Konohana-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Kansai System Products Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shinji Oki 2-9-16-1 Nihonbashi Higashi, Naniwa-ku, Osaka-shi, Japan Inside Japan LSI Card Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuhiko Ueno 714 Kawaiji, Kawachinagano-shi, Osaka (72) Inventor Hirohisa Hashimoto 1-3-7 Matsumi, Chuo-ku, Osaka City Matsushita IM P Building 17F CSK Osaka Shi Temu shares in the company

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A fixed position laser pointer connected to a laser beam transmitting device, and a predetermined horizontal and vertical distance from the pointer and an angle in a horizontal or vertical direction with respect to the fixed laser. A three-dimensional dimension measuring device characterized by comprising a laser pointer variably mounted, a computer having an image processing function, and a computer having an image processing function and a CCD camera for controlling the irradiation angle of the laser pointer. 2. A laser point is formed by irradiating laser points on a surface of an object to be measured in parallel and at a predetermined interval by two laser pointers, and then superimposing one laser point on a laser point by another laser. By rotating the laser pointer 2θ in the opposite direction and irradiating it, the distance of the object to be measured from the laser pointer and the tilt angle with respect to the laser pointer are measured, and the image is captured by the CCD camera. A three-dimensional dimension measuring method characterized in that a reference scale is prepared.