JPH10212959A - Combustion chamber for collision diffusion combustion - Google Patents
Combustion chamber for collision diffusion combustionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10212959A JPH10212959A JP9018919A JP1891997A JPH10212959A JP H10212959 A JPH10212959 A JP H10212959A JP 9018919 A JP9018919 A JP 9018919A JP 1891997 A JP1891997 A JP 1891997A JP H10212959 A JPH10212959 A JP H10212959A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- collision
- fuel
- piston
- combustion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0645—Details related to the fuel injector or the fuel spray
- F02B23/0648—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition
- F02B23/0651—Means or methods to improve the spray dispersion, evaporation or ignition the fuel spray impinging on reflecting surfaces or being specially guided throughout the combustion space
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0672—Omega-piston bowl, i.e. the combustion space having a central projection pointing towards the cylinder head and the surrounding wall being inclined towards the cylinder center axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
- F02B23/06—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston
- F02B23/0618—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition the combustion space being arranged in working piston having in-cylinder means to influence the charge motion
- F02B23/0621—Squish flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、燃料噴射ノズルか
らの噴射燃料をキャビティ内の衝突部材に衝突させて拡
散分布させ、その拡散蒸発過程において多重多点着火燃
焼を行わせるようにした衝突拡散燃焼用燃焼室に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to impingement diffusion in which fuel injected from a fuel injection nozzle collides with an impingement member in a cavity to be diffused and distributed, and multiple multipoint ignition combustion is performed in the diffusion evaporation process. The present invention relates to a combustion chamber for combustion.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】衝突拡散燃焼用燃焼室は、図２に示すよ
うに、ピストン頂部ａに凹設されたキャビティｂと、キ
ャビティｂ内に設けられ燃料噴射ノズルｃからの噴射燃
料ｄを傘面状に反射拡散させる衝突部材ｅとを備えてい
る。かかる燃焼室によれば、燃料噴射ノズルｃからの噴
射燃料ｄが衝突部材ｅに衝突してキャビティｂ内にて傘
面状に拡散分布して均一な混合気が形成されるため、そ
の拡散蒸発過程において立体的に多重多点着火燃焼が生
じ、燃焼速度が向上する。（特開昭62-113822 号公報、
特開昭62-195408 号公報等参照）。2. Description of the Related Art As shown in FIG. 2, a combustion chamber for impingement diffusion combustion has a cavity b formed in a piston top a and a fuel d injected from a fuel injection nozzle c provided in the cavity b. And a collision member e for reflecting and diffusing the light into a shape. According to such a combustion chamber, since the injected fuel d from the fuel injection nozzle c collides with the collision member e and diffuses and distributes in a umbrella-like shape within the cavity b, a uniform mixture is formed. In the process, multiple multipoint ignition combustion occurs three-dimensionally, and the combustion speed is improved. (JP-A-62-113822,
See JP-A-62-195408).
【０００３】ところで、かかる衝突拡散燃焼室では、衝
突部材ｅに衝突した後の衝突拡散噴霧はペネトレーショ
ン（噴霧飛翔距離）が抑制されるため空気利用率が悪
く、噴射量の多くなる高負荷時には過濃燃焼となってス
モークの発生を招く。これを解消するためには、膨脹行
程時にキャビティｂ内からキャビティｂ外へ流出する逆
スキッシュ流を利用し、キャビティｂ内の未燃燃料を酸
素が豊富なキャビティｂ外に逃がすことにより、空気利
用率の促進を図るようにすればよい。In such a collision diffusion combustion chamber, the penetration (spray flying distance) of the collision diffusion spray after colliding with the collision member e is suppressed, so that the air utilization rate is poor and the collision diffusion spray is excessive at high load when the injection amount is large. It becomes rich combustion and causes generation of smoke. In order to solve this problem, the reverse squish flow flowing from the inside of the cavity b to the outside of the cavity b during the expansion stroke is used to allow unburned fuel in the cavity b to escape to the outside of the oxygen-rich cavity b, thereby utilizing air. The rate should be promoted.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】この場合、図３に示す
ように、衝突部材ｅに凹面状の衝突面ｆを設けてそれに
衝突した衝突拡散噴霧をキャビティｂの開口部側へ導く
ようにすることが有効である。しかし、こうすると、図
３に一点鎖線で示すように、衝突拡散噴霧ｇの下方のキ
ャビティｂ内に空気未利用部分ｈが存在することとな
り、キャビティｂ内における空気利用率が悪化してしま
う。In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, the collision member e is provided with a concave collision surface f, and the collision diffusion spray colliding therewith is guided to the opening side of the cavity b. It is effective. However, in this case, as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 3, the air unused portion h exists in the cavity b below the collision diffusion spray g, and the air utilization rate in the cavity b deteriorates.
【０００５】以上の事情を考慮して創案された本発明の
目的は、キャビティ内の空気を有効利用できると共に、
キャビティ内の未燃燃料を速やかにキャビティ外へ輸送
できる衝突拡散燃焼用燃焼室を提供することにある。An object of the present invention, which has been made in view of the above circumstances, is to make it possible to effectively use air in a cavity,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion chamber for collision diffusion combustion capable of quickly transporting unburned fuel in a cavity to the outside of the cavity.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成すべく本
発明は、ピストン頂部に凹設されたキャビティ内に燃料
噴射ノズルから噴射された燃料を反射拡散させるための
衝突部材を配置した衝突拡散燃焼用燃焼室において、上
記衝突部材に、燃料噴射ノズルからの噴射燃料をピスト
ン軸方向上方へ逆さ傘面状に反射拡散させるべく凹面状
に形成された衝突面を設けると共に、上記キャビティの
底部を、ピストン軸方向上方へ向けてすり鉢状に形成し
たものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an impingement diffusion apparatus having an impingement member for reflecting and diffusing fuel injected from a fuel injection nozzle in a cavity formed in a top of a piston. In the combustion chamber for combustion, the collision member is provided with a collision surface formed in a concave shape so as to reflect and diffuse the fuel injected from the fuel injection nozzle upward in the axial direction of the piston in an inverted umbrella shape, and the bottom of the cavity is provided. , Formed in a mortar shape upward in the axial direction of the piston.
【０００７】本発明によれば、燃料噴射ノズルから噴射
された燃料は、衝突部材に形成された凹面状の衝突面に
衝突してピストン軸方向上方へ逆さ傘面状に反射拡散す
るが、この際キャビティの底部がピストン軸方向上方へ
向けてすり鉢状に形成されているので、従来問題となっ
ていたキャビティ内における空気の未利用部分が減り、
キャビティ内の空気が有効利用される。According to the present invention, the fuel injected from the fuel injection nozzle collides with the concave collision surface formed on the collision member and is reflected and diffused upward in the axial direction of the piston in an inverted umbrella shape. Since the bottom of the cavity is formed in a mortar shape upward in the axial direction of the piston, the unused portion of the air in the cavity, which has conventionally been a problem, is reduced,
The air in the cavity is effectively used.
【０００８】また、逆さ傘面状に反射拡散した燃料のう
ちキャビティ内にて燃え残った燃料蒸気は、上記衝突面
によってピストン軸方向上方へ方向付けられているの
で、膨脹行程時の逆スキッシュ流によってキャビティ外
へ速やかに輸送され、キャビティ外の空気と結合して完
全燃焼する。このため、高負荷時の排ガス性能の悪化が
防止される。Further, the fuel vapor remaining in the cavity among the fuel reflected and diffused in the inverted umbrella surface shape is directed upward in the axial direction of the piston by the collision surface. Is rapidly transported to the outside of the cavity and combines with the air outside the cavity to completely burn. Therefore, deterioration of the exhaust gas performance under a high load is prevented.
【０００９】[0009]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の一実施形態を添付
図面に基づいて説明する。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
【００１０】図１に示すように、ピストン１の頂部１ａ
には、その内部をスワールが周回するキャビティ２が凹
設されている。スワールは、シリンダヘッド３にカーブ
形成された図示しない公知の吸気ポートによってシリン
ダ内に周方向に生成され、ピストン１の上昇によってキ
ャビティ２内に押し込まれる。As shown in FIG. 1, the top 1a of the piston 1
Is provided with a cavity 2 in which a swirl circulates. The swirl is generated in the cylinder in the circumferential direction by a known intake port (not shown) formed in the cylinder head 3 and is pushed into the cavity 2 by the rise of the piston 1.
【００１１】キャビティ２の容積は、圧縮比を図２およ
び図３に示す従来のものと同じに保つ容積となってい
る。かかるキャビティ２は、ピストン頂部１ａの開口に
径方向内方に張り出して形成されたリップ部４と、リッ
プ部４に滑らかな曲線を介して形成された円筒状の側壁
部５と、側壁部５に滑らかな曲線を介してピストン軸方
向上方へ向けてすり鉢状に形成された底部６とから構成
されている。The volume of the cavity 2 is a volume that keeps the compression ratio the same as the conventional one shown in FIGS. The cavity 2 includes a lip portion 4 formed so as to protrude radially inward from an opening of the piston top 1a, a cylindrical side wall portion 5 formed through a smooth curve in the lip portion 4, and a side wall portion 5 And a bottom 6 formed in a mortar shape upward in the axial direction of the piston via a smooth curve.
【００１２】キャビティ２の底部６には、シリンダヘッ
ド３に取り付けられた燃料噴射ノズル７の噴孔８の真下
に位置させて、噴孔８からの噴射燃料９を衝突拡散させ
るための衝突部材１０が設けられている。衝突部材１０
には、噴孔８からの噴射燃料９をピストン軸方向上方へ
逆さ傘面状に衝突拡散させるための円錐状の衝突面１１
が形成されている。衝突部材１０の衝突面１１の角度θ
1 は、キャビティ２の底部６の角度θ2 より小さく、θ
1 ≦θ2 の関係にある。At the bottom 6 of the cavity 2, a collision member 10 is located just below the injection hole 8 of the fuel injection nozzle 7 attached to the cylinder head 3, and collides and diffuses the fuel 9 injected from the injection hole 8. Is provided. Collision member 10
A conical collision surface 11 for colliding and diffusing the fuel 9 injected from the injection hole 8 upward in the axial direction of the piston in an inverted umbrella shape.
Are formed. Angle θ of collision surface 11 of collision member 10
1 is smaller than the angle θ 2 of the bottom 6 of the cavity 2 and θ
1 ≦ θ 2 .
【００１３】この構成によれば、噴射燃料９が衝突面１
１に衝突して形成される衝突拡散噴霧１２は、キャビテ
ィ２の底部６と干渉することなく、キャビティ２のリッ
プ部４の下方の側壁部５に向けて逆さ傘面状に反射され
る。ただし、θ1 ＜＜θ2 を顕著にし過ぎると、衝突面
１１で反射した衝突拡散噴霧１２がキャビティ２の底部
６と干渉することも考えられるので、θ1 とθ2 とはキ
ャビティ２の径や深さ及び衝突面１１の高さに応じて上
記干渉がないように設定される。According to this configuration, the injected fuel 9 is applied to the collision surface 1
The impinging diffusion spray 12 formed by colliding with 1 is reflected in an inverted umbrella toward the side wall 5 below the lip 4 of the cavity 2 without interfering with the bottom 6 of the cavity 2. However, if θ 1 << θ 2 is too remarkable, it is conceivable that the collision diffusion spray 12 reflected on the collision surface 11 may interfere with the bottom 6 of the cavity 2, so that θ 1 and θ 2 are the diameter of the cavity 2. It is set so as not to have the above-mentioned interference according to the depth and the height of the collision surface 11.
【００１４】なお、上記衝突部材１０は、図例のように
キャビティ２の底部６に設けるものに限られず、シリン
ダヘッド３から吊り下げるようにしてもよい。いずれに
してもノズル７の噴孔８に臨む位置に衝突面１１を有し
ていればよい。The collision member 10 is not limited to the one provided at the bottom 6 of the cavity 2 as shown in the figure, but may be suspended from the cylinder head 3. In any case, the collision surface 11 may be provided at a position facing the injection hole 8 of the nozzle 7.
【００１５】以上の構成からなる本実施形態の作用につ
いて述べる。The operation of this embodiment having the above configuration will be described.
【００１６】図１に示すように、燃料噴射ノズル７から
噴射された燃料９は、衝突部材１０に形成された凹面状
の衝突面１１に衝突し、衝突拡散噴霧１２となってピス
トン軸方向上方へ逆さ傘面状に反射拡散するが、この際
キャビティ２の底部６がピストン軸方向上方へ向けてす
り鉢状に形成されているので、従来問題となっていた図
３に示すキャビティｂ内における空気の未利用部分ｈが
減り、キャビティ２内の空気を有効利用できる。As shown in FIG. 1, the fuel 9 injected from the fuel injection nozzle 7 collides with a concave collision surface 11 formed on the collision member 10, and becomes a collision diffusion spray 12, which is upward in the axial direction of the piston. In this case, since the bottom portion 6 of the cavity 2 is formed in a mortar shape upward in the axial direction of the piston, the air in the cavity b shown in FIG. The unused portion h is reduced, and the air in the cavity 2 can be used effectively.
【００１７】また、逆さ傘面状に反射拡散した衝突拡散
噴霧１２のうちキャビティ２内にて燃え残った燃料蒸気
は、上記衝突面１１によってピストン軸方向上方へ方向
付けられているので、膨脹行程時の逆スキッシュ流によ
って酸素が余っているキャビティ２外へ速やかに輸送さ
れ、キャビティ２外の酸素と結合して完全燃焼する。こ
のため、燃料噴射量が多くなる高負荷時であっても完全
燃焼を実現でき、排ガス性能の悪化を防止できる。Further, the fuel vapor remaining in the cavity 2 in the collision diffusion spray 12 reflected and diffused in the shape of an inverted umbrella is directed upward in the piston axial direction by the collision surface 11, so that the expansion stroke is increased. Due to the reverse squish flow at that time, oxygen is quickly transported to the outside of the surplus cavity 2 and combined with oxygen outside the cavity 2 to complete combustion. For this reason, complete combustion can be realized even at the time of a high load in which the fuel injection amount is large, and deterioration of exhaust gas performance can be prevented.
【００１８】なお、図１の本発明に係る燃焼室と図３の
従来の燃焼室とを比較すると、図３のもののようにキャ
ビティｂ内に空気未利用部分ｈが存在するということ
は、図３の燃焼室を図１のものと同一圧縮比とするため
には、その分キャビティｂ内のどこかに肉盛りしてキャ
ビティｂの容積を減じる必要があり、例えばキャビティ
ｂの開口部に肉盛りしたとすると、その部分が衝突拡散
噴霧ｇと接触干渉し、ＨＣやスモークが発生するという
問題も生じる。In comparison with the combustion chamber according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 and the conventional combustion chamber shown in FIG. 3, it can be understood that the air unused portion h exists in the cavity b as shown in FIG. In order to make the combustion chamber of No. 3 have the same compression ratio as that of FIG. 1, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the cavity b somewhere to reduce the volume of the cavity b. If it is provided, the portion will contact and interfere with the collision diffusion spray g, causing a problem that HC and smoke are generated.
【００１９】[0019]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明に係る衝突拡
散燃焼用燃焼室によれば、キャビティ内の空気を有効利
用できると共に、キャビティ内の未燃燃料を速やかにキ
ャビティ外へ輸送でき、空気利用率を高めることができ
る。As described above, according to the combustion chamber for collision diffusion combustion according to the present invention, the air in the cavity can be effectively used, and the unburned fuel in the cavity can be quickly transported to the outside of the cavity. Utilization rate can be increased.
【図１】本発明の一実施形態に係る衝突拡散燃焼用燃焼
室の側断面図である。FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a combustion chamber for collision diffusion combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】従来例を示す衝突拡散燃焼用燃焼室の側断面図
である。FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of a combustion chamber for collision diffusion combustion showing a conventional example.
【図３】従来例に改良を施した衝突拡散燃焼用燃焼室の
側断面図である。FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a combustion chamber for collision diffusion combustion obtained by improving the conventional example.
１ ピストン １ａ ピストン頂部 ２ キャビティ ６ 底部 ７ 燃料噴射ノズル ９ 燃料 １０ 衝突部材 １１ 衝突面 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Piston 1a Piston top 2 Cavity 6 Bottom 7 Fuel injection nozzle 9 Fuel 10 Impact member 11 Impact surface
Claims (1)
に燃料噴射ノズルから噴射された燃料を反射拡散させる
ための衝突部材を配置した衝突拡散燃焼用燃焼室におい
て、上記衝突部材に、燃料噴射ノズルからの噴射燃料を
ピストン軸方向上方へ逆さ傘面状に反射拡散させるべく
凹面状に形成された衝突面を設けると共に、上記キャビ
ティの底部を、ピストン軸方向上方へ向けてすり鉢状に
形成したことを特徴とする衝突拡散燃焼用燃焼室。In a combustion chamber for collision diffusion combustion in which a collision member for reflecting and diffusing fuel injected from a fuel injection nozzle is disposed in a cavity recessed at the top of a piston, the collision member includes a fuel injection nozzle. A concave collision surface for reflecting and diffusing the fuel injected from the piston upward in the axial direction of the piston in an inverted umbrella shape, and the bottom of the cavity is formed in a mortar shape upward in the axial direction of the piston. A combustion chamber for collision diffusion combustion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9018919A JPH10212959A (en) | 1997-01-31 | 1997-01-31 | Combustion chamber for collision diffusion combustion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9018919A JPH10212959A (en) | 1997-01-31 | 1997-01-31 | Combustion chamber for collision diffusion combustion |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10212959A true JPH10212959A (en) | 1998-08-11 |
Family
ID=11985029
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9018919A Pending JPH10212959A (en) | 1997-01-31 | 1997-01-31 | Combustion chamber for collision diffusion combustion |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH10212959A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100458114C (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2009-02-04 | 上海交通大学 | Discontinuous bamboo hat shape fuel oil spray forming device |
| WO2011077070A1 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-30 | Perkins Engines Company Limited | Piston for an internal combustion engine |
-
1997
- 1997-01-31 JP JP9018919A patent/JPH10212959A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100458114C (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2009-02-04 | 上海交通大学 | Discontinuous bamboo hat shape fuel oil spray forming device |
| WO2011077070A1 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-30 | Perkins Engines Company Limited | Piston for an internal combustion engine |
| US8291881B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 | 2012-10-23 | Perkins Engine Company Limited | Piston for internal combustion engine |
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