JPH10210869A - Plant pathogenic fungus inoculator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pathogenic fungus inoculator which makes it possible to uniformly inoculate plants with pathogenic fungi and to obtain a high inoculation rate, widens the possibility of the experiment of the influence of the medicines used on many kinds of the plants and many kinds of the pathogenic fungi considered to be impossible thus far, is capable of enhancing the accuracy of the experiment by facilitating the secondary infection approximate to natural inflection, is easy to manage and is low in cost and simple in construction. SOLUTION: This pathogenic fungus inoculator is constituted by installing a lighting inside greenhouse 2 formed on a water receiving bench which has a noncorrosive waterproof function and is placed with plants P planted in pots by enclosing the same with transparent glass plates 3a packed in stainless steel metallic frames 2 within a lighting outside greenhouse 1, providing the front surface part of this lighting inside greenhouse 2 with a glass sliding door 5a for putting into and out of the plants P planted in the pots and inoculating the plants with the pathogenic fungi, providing the wall surface of the lighting inside greenhouse 2 with apertures 13 and connecting release ports 14 for mists disposed at the front ends of pipes for introducing the mists released from ultrasonic sprayers 6 to these apertures 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pathogen inoculation apparatus for inoculating plants with plant pathogens and using the pathogens for experiments to verify the pathogenesis of the plants and the effects of the treated drugs.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Hitherto, in order to develop various chemicals such as pesticides for various plants, experiments have been conducted to inoculate plants with pathogenic bacteria and to verify the effects of the drugs, and various apparatuses have been provided for use in such experiments. Conventionally used devices are 1.5 m long, 1 m high and 1 m wide with a door for taking in and out of potted plants and spraying inoculation of pathogenic bacteria.
The experiment was conducted by placing a potted plant in a dark room inside the box and controlling the light, temperature and humidity to generate dew condensation.

[0003] To explain in detail using an example of the apparatus, in this pathogen inoculation apparatus, light is controlled by irradiating plants with several halogen lamps in a dark room, and humidity is controlled by light. This is performed by heating water with a heater to generate steam. The temperature control is also performed by using the heater for the humidity control. In particular, since pathogenic bacteria have the property of being transmitted mainly in microscopic water droplets attached to plants, in order to generate such microscopic water droplets, the stainless steel box is made into a double structure and the temperature difference between the outside air and the inside of the box It is important that dew water (microdrops) is generated and adhered to the plant body surface.

[0004] In practice, in order to effectively generate fine water droplets, for example, the temperature inside the inner metal box is about 25 ° C.
The temperature around the outer metal box is set to about 15 ° C. by a cooler (air conditioner or the like), that is, the temperature difference is set to 10 ° C. Without these water droplets, the epidermis of the plant is not infected with the pathogenic bacteria, so that it cannot be easily inoculated. Also, because of such a structure, it must be a complicated device, and the management of temperature and humidity is extremely troublesome, and it is used for a cooling device, a heater, a halogen lamp lighting, etc. for maintaining the device. The power costs were very high, and the price of the entire device was extremely high.

Further, when this apparatus is used, even if the pathogen is carefully sprayed evenly and sprayed on each plant, the central part of the inoculation box tends to dry, inoculation unevenness is observed, and the disease incidence rate is increased. It was not so good, and a correct evaluation based on a uniform onset was not expected much. In addition, since light is managed by halogen lamps rather than by natural light, plants may be weakened not only by pathogens but also in the device, and the effects of pathogens cannot be sufficiently observed. was there.

[0006]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and it has been considered difficult to achieve a reliable and uniform inoculation of a pathogenic bacterium on a plant and to obtain a high inoculation rate. Can be inoculated with various pathogens, which expands the possibility of conducting experiments on the action of drugs used on various plants and various pathogens, increases the precision of experiments, and is simple and easy to manage, and has a simple and low-cost device. Is provided.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention encloses a light-transmitting material 3 on a water receiving bench 4 on which a potted plant P is placed in a non-lighting house 1. The lighting house 2 is installed, and a door 5 is provided in a free part of the lighting house 2 for ingress and egress of the potted plant P and inoculation of the pathogenic bacteria. A plant inoculation device for a pathogenic bacterium, comprising:

Further, in the above configuration, the ultrasonic sprayer 6 is operated by the humidity control means 8 having the humidity sensor 7 so that the humidity falls within a preset numerical range, and the humidity and the humidity in the house 2 in daylighting are controlled. It is also possible to automatically control the amount of fine water droplets.

Further, in the above configuration, the temperature sensor 9
It is also possible to automatically operate the heater 11 so that the temperature falls within a preset numerical range by the temperature control means 10 provided with the above, and automatically manage the temperature in the house 2 in daylighting.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, in a non-lighting house 1 where the temperature is naturally controlled by sunlight, such as a vinyl house or a glass house.
A 5 mm thick glass plate 3a, which is a light-transmitting material 3, is placed on a stainless steel metal frame 12 on the upper surface of a water receiver bench 4 having a stainless steel water receiver 4a on which the pot plant P is placed.
The inside of the daylighting house 2 is installed by surrounding the four sides and the top surface with a waterproof silicone at each of the joints, and a frame base is provided outside the house 2 inside the daylighting. And an ultrasonic sprayer 6 is attached.

The structure of the ultrasonic atomizer 6 is the same as the ultrasonic humidifier which is widely used for homes and discharges water contained in a water container in a mist state by ultrasonic waves. The supply of water to the ultrasonic atomizer 6 is performed by a water supply 15.
The metal frame 12 and the water receiver 4a are always in a wet state and preferably have a non-corrosive and waterproof function because of the use of chemicals. The product made from is good. The light transmitting material 3 is preferably a transparent glass plate 3a, and a transparent or translucent acrylic resin plate may be used.

As shown in FIG. 1, an opening 13 is provided in the wall surface of the house 2 in the daylighting, and a fog provided at the tip of a tube for guiding the fog emitted from the ultrasonic atomizer 6 into the opening 13. And a glass sliding door 5a for inserting and removing the potted plant P into and out of the four transparent glass plates 3a on the four sides and spray-inoculating pathogenic bacteria. The door 5 for taking in and out the potted plant P is required to have a certain degree of airtightness in order to secure indoor humidity and temperature and prevent leakage of pathogenic bacteria. The door 5 having an opening and closing structure other than the glass sliding door 5a may be used as long as the door 5 has a certain degree of airtightness.

As an auxiliary equipment for humidity and humidity management, if the humidity is too low, the humidity is controlled to a predetermined numerical range by a humidity control means 8 having a humidity sensor 7. Then, the ultrasonic sprayer 6 is operated to automatically control the humidity and minute water droplets in the house 2 within the lighting.

As for the temperature, since the temperature inside the house 1 outside the daylight is normally maintained by the sunlight, it is not necessary to manage the temperature inside the house 2 inside the daylight. the temperature control means 10, the temperature in the numerical range set in advance on fire paid or so that - can not operate the motor 11, the temperature management of the lighting in the house 2, so that it can be automatically. When a cooling / heating device is provided in the house 1 outside the daylight, the temperature can be controlled by this device.

Since the set values of the temperature and humidity are different depending on the plant type, the germination period, the maturation period, the inoculum species, etc., the set values are changed to the control means 8 and 10 every time the experiment is changed. . Further, the humidity and temperature control means 8, 1
It is also possible for the researcher to perform the management by himself / herself while canceling 0 and watching the state of the plant placed in the lighting interior house 2.

In the figure, reference numeral 15 denotes a water supply for supplying water to the ultrasonic atomizer 6, and reference numeral 16 denotes a water receiving bench 1.
This is a drain pipe for discharging wastewater mixed with bacteria, chemicals, and the like accumulated on the top. In addition, wiring such as a power supply used for the ultrasonic sprayer 6, the humidity sensor 7, the humidity control means 8, the temperature sensor 9, the temperature control means 10, the heater 11 and the like in the drawing is omitted.

[0017]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, the house 1 outside the daylight has a function of maintaining temperature and transmitting light, and the house 2 inside the daylight which is surrounded by the light-transmitting material 3 except the bottom installed in the house 1 is provided. Inside, the mist is emitted at room temperature by the ultrasonic atomizer 6 to efficiently generate micro water droplets for infecting the pathogenic bacteria, thereby improving the propagation conditions of the pathogenic bacteria.

Further, the air flow containing the mist emitted from the ultrasonic atomizer 6 recirculates to promote uniform diffusion of the pathogenic bacteria in the lighting house 2 and secondary infection by air transmission (ie, spores formed on the lesion). Infection due to the scattering of water). Originally, pathogen infection is caused by spores flying from lesions, etc., and inoculation of secondary infection with this device is close to actual transmission of disease, and this method will correct the efficacy of drugs against natural infection. It is highly likely to be evaluated.

Until now, since there is no air flow in the enclosed room in the daylighting house 2, secondary infection due to the transmission of pathogenic bacteria by air is unlikely to occur. According to the present invention, only a few pots of the diseased plant were opened and placed in the house 2 in the lighting, and the spores scattered from the lesions on the plant gave the whole plant individual in the house 2 in the lighting. It became possible to spread the infection uniformly.

The sunlight passes through the light-transmitting members 3 of the outside house 1 and the inside house 2 to irradiate the inside of the inside house 2, thereby maintaining the temperature inside the house 2 and the vitality of the plants. The maintenance is measured, and the plant P can be inoculated with the plant pathogen efficiently.

Then, when experiments of inoculating various pathogens were actually performed with the apparatus of the present invention, the results shown in Table 1 below were obtained.

In Table 1, each of the following marks described in the table indicates that X is “No disease is observed” Δ is “Some disease is recognized but not enough” ○ is “Sufficient disease” Disease is found. " In addition, each mark described after% in parentheses below each mark indicates a * rate of diseased seedlings, and a ** mark indicates a rate of lesion area.

[0023]

[Table 1] Disease name Conventional device Device of the present invention Rice seedling blast × ○ (0% * 20% *) Grape downy mildew △ ○ (10% ** 33.3% **) Cucumber downy mildew △ ○ ( 20% ** 50% **) Cucumber anthracnose △ ○ (10% ** 36.7% **) Cucumber spot bacterial disease △ ○ (7% ** 11.7% **) Kidney rust △ ○ (3% ** 6.3% **) Rice blast ○ ○ (10% ** 15% **) Rice sesame leaf blight ○ ○ (7% ** 10% **) Tomato late blight ○ ○ (10 % ** 20% **) Black spot of Komatsuna ○ ○ (7% ** 15% **)

In the above-described inoculation experiment, rice seed blast was used for diseased rice which was naturally infected with blast, and was also used for rice blast, rice sesame leaf blight, tomato late blight, komatsuna black spot, grape downy mildew, For cucumber downy mildew and cucumber anthracnose, 200,000 spores / ml of a spore suspension was spray-inoculated.
For kidney bean rust, spores were sprinkled and inoculated, and for cucumber spot bacterial disease, about 10 ⁹ CFU / ml of a pathogenic bacterial suspension was sprayed and inoculated.

In addition, the diseased plants of various plant pathogenic fungi such as rice blast shown in Table 2 below were placed in the apparatus of the present invention, and an inoculation test was carried out by secondary infection from the lesions. Obtained.

[0026]

Table 2 Disease name of the device of the present invention of the conventional device Disease of the device of the present invention Secondary infection rate (%) Secondary infection rate (%) Lesion area rate (%) Rice blast 0 100 20 Grape downy mildew 0 100 20 Cucumber downy mildew 0 100 50 Kidney rust 0 100 5 Barley powdery mildew 0 100 25

In Table 2 above, the conventional device (%) and the device of the present invention (%) show the secondary infection rate from the lesion of the diseased plant, and the lesion area ratio (%) is the device of the present invention. 2 shows the area ratio of lesions expressed by secondary infection. It can be seen that the secondary infection rate is “0%” in the conventional device and “100%” in the device of the present invention in all cases.

According to the inoculation test shown in Table 2 above, secondary infection from the lesions of diseased plants was hardly possible with the conventional device, but the test was conducted as shown in Table 2 by using the device of the present invention. It was confirmed that secondary infection can be caused in each disease. As described above, by using the inoculation device of the present invention, an effective experiment can be performed in a state closer to infection in a field (infection in a natural state), and evaluation of drug efficacy and selection of resistant varieties can be performed. It has become possible to perform it more accurately and effectively than the conventional device.

As can be seen from the above experiments, the present invention has an excellent disease incidence rate, and has a difficulty in seed-transmitted rice seedling blast, grape downy mildew, and cucumber down, which have been difficult with conventional metal darkroom-type devices. In addition, it was possible to make experimental observations on scabs, bacterial spots of cucumber spots, etc., and to significantly increase the incidence of cucumber anthracnose and kidney bean, which had been low in inoculation efficiency. In addition, the unevenness (heterogeneity) of occurrence in those inoculations is eliminated, and a highly reliable plant inoculation experiment of plant pathogens becomes possible. An experiment for confirming the efficacy of pesticides against plant pathogens, that is, the concentration of sprayed pesticides, effective It became possible to conduct detailed countermeasure confirmation experiments such as spraying time and other spraying conditions.

In the present invention, the use of the ultrasonic atomizer 6 for generating fine water droplets makes it possible to control the temperature and humidity in the house 2 in the daylighting, as compared with the conventional metal dark room type apparatus. Since the required temperature inside the daylighting house 2 is naturally maintained by the daylighting outside house 1, power consumption for the purpose is almost eliminated. In addition, the simplified structure allows the device to be offered at a fraction of the cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a vertical side view of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 P Potted plant 1 House outside daylighting 2 House inside daylighting 3 Light transmissive material 3a Transparent glass plate 4 Water receiving bench 5 Door 5a Glass sliding door 6 Ultrasonic sprayer 7 Humidity sensor 8 Humidity control means 9 Temperature sensor 10 Temperature control means 11 -Ta 12 Metal frame 13 Opening 14 Fog outlet 15 Water supply 16 Drain pipe

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI G01N 33/15 G01N 33/15 C

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A daylighting house (2) surrounded by a light-transmitting material (3) is set on a water receiving bench (4) on which a potted plant (P) is placed in a daylighting house (1). A door (5) is provided in a free part of the house for daylighting (2) for ingress and egress of a potted plant (P) and for inoculating a pathogenic bacterium. A plant pathogen inoculation device comprising (6). 2. An ultrasonic sprayer (6) is operated by a humidity control means (8) provided with a humidity sensor (7) so that the humidity falls within a preset numerical range, and the lighting house (2). 2. The phytopathogenic fungus inoculation device according to claim 1, wherein the control of humidity and water droplets in the inside can be performed automatically. 3. A daylighting house (2) by operating a heater (11) by a temperature control means (10) having a temperature sensor (9) so that the temperature falls within a preset numerical range. The plant pathogen inoculation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the inside temperature can be automatically controlled.