JPH10205273A - Bottom of bore hole adjusting method in tunnel boring and device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to arrange hole end positions of a plurality of blasing holes bored in the facing surface of a tunnel, reduce manhours in that case and to promote the degree of accuracy of the bottom of bore hole positions. SOLUTION: The front end section 6a of a guide cell 6 is brought into contact with a first paint mark 1a on a facing surface 1, and under such a state, a distance of the excavating direction Y of a tunnel between a reflection prism 61 provided on the guide cell 6 and a position at origin is detected as a standard distance L0 by a laser theodolite 5. A drifter 7 is advanced to operate by standard boring length D0 set in advance, and a first blasting hole 11 is formed. The front end section 6a of the guide cell 6 is brought into contact with a second paint mark 1b, and under such a state, the distance of the excavating direction Y of the tunnel to the position at origin of the reflection prism 61 is detected by the laser theodolite 4. Relative deviations of detected relative distance L1 to the standard distance L0 are calculated, and the drifter 7 is advanced to operate by actual boring length D1 subtracting the relative variations from the standard boring length to form a blasting hole 12. The detected relative distance L1 or the actual boring length D1 is corrected in accordance with a gradient of the guide cell 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel cutting method for forming a plurality of blast holes on a face of a tunnel without having to be affected by the unevenness of the face. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for adjusting a hole bottom in a hole.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when drilling a plurality of blast holes in a face of a tunnel in the construction of a tunnel, a rock drill is attached to a tip of a plurality of booms disposed in front of a vehicle body. A perforation device such as a so-called jumbo (drill carriage) is used. At this time, if the butt of the plurality of blast holes can be aligned at substantially the same position in the tunnel excavation direction, soil and sand can be efficiently removed at the time of blasting, the blasting efficiency is improved, and the face of the face after blasting is improved. Since the irregularities are loosened, falling rocks due to falling of the skin are reduced, and the frequency of collision between the irregularities and the rock drill is also reduced. For this reason, after shaving off the unevenness of the face, and flattening the same, the piercing length of each blasting hole is set to be the same on the face, so that the butt of each blasting hole is aligned. There is a method, but this method requires an operation of scraping the unevenness of the face face every time of blasting, and has a disadvantage that it takes too much labor and time.

On the other hand, as a hole tail adjustment method for aligning the hole tail of each blast hole without being affected by the unevenness of the face, a virtual face plane has been conventionally set in front of the face, A method of perforating each blasting hole in accordance with the plane of the face is known (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-222893). In this method, first, a photodetector is arranged in a guide cell of a rock drill, while a rotating laser device is arranged at a predetermined position before a facet such that a rotation axis thereof coincides with a tunnel excavation direction. A virtual face plane orthogonal to the tunnel excavation direction is set by a laser beam rotationally projected from the rotary laser device. Subsequently, the rock drill is moved toward a predetermined drilling position on the face by a manual operation of the operator, and the tip of the guide cell of the rock drill is set to a first preset on the face. The light receiver disposed opposite to the perforation position and disposed on the guide cell is temporarily stopped in a state where the light receiver is positioned on the virtual face plane and is positioned so as to receive the laser beam. Thereafter, the guide cell is advanced to bring its tip into contact with the first perforation position, and the advance amount of the guide cell at this time is preset to be parallel to the virtual face plane. Subtraction is performed from the planned hole bottom distance to the hole bottom surface, and the rock is perforated by the perforated length to form a blast hole. And
By repeating the above operation, the hole butt of the blast hole is aligned with the predetermined hole butt surface.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional method for adjusting the tail of a hole in a tunnel hole, first, it is necessary to accurately install a rotary laser device in order to set a virtual face plane. There is a disadvantage that the number of work steps increases. Further, in order to position the light receiving portion on the virtual face plane while the front end of the guide cell faces a predetermined perforation position on the face face, the distance from the virtual face face to the actual face face is set short. There is a need to. In other words, the rotary laser device must be set near the actual face, and the setting position of the rotary laser device may be shifted due to a falling rock due to falling skin or the like, and the setting position of the virtual face may be shifted. And the rotary laser device may be damaged.

Second, it is necessary for the operator to manually align the light receiving section of the rock drilling machine with the virtual face plane accurately, which is troublesome. There is a disadvantage that the position accuracy of the buttocks is reduced. Especially, in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the tunnel, the blast hole is drilled outward by a predetermined angle with respect to the tunnel excavation direction, so that the position accuracy of the hole bottom is reduced and the blast hole becomes too deep. However, blasting causes extra rock drilling beyond the outer perimeter of the tunnel (so-called extra drilling). In this case, the extra rock drilling does not have to be refilled with concrete or the like. However, there is a disadvantage that the construction cost is unnecessarily increased.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to influence the positions of a plurality of blast holes drilled on the face of a tunnel to influence the unevenness of the face. An object of the present invention is to make it possible to make the alignment without being performed, and to reduce the number of work steps and improve the work accuracy at that time.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when a plurality of blast holes are drilled in the tunnel excavation direction on the face of the tunnel, the blast holes are formed. Assume a method of adjusting the bottom of the hole in the tunnel drilling to align the position of the bottom of the hole at the bottom end. In this method, the bit disposed at the front end of the guide cell extending in the front-rear direction extends along the guide cell. A rock drill that is configured to drill a rock mass driven by a drifter that advances and retreats. Then, the front end of the guide cell is brought into contact with a first perforation position among a plurality of perforation positions preset on the face, and the position of the guide cell in this state is set as a reference position setting. And a first perforation step of operating the drifter forward by a preset reference perforation length while holding the guide cell at a reference position to form a first blast hole at the first perforation position. Further, the guide cell is moved so that the front end thereof abuts on a second perforation position different from the first perforation position, and the guide cell in this state and the guide cell at the reference position are A relative deviation detecting step of detecting a relative deviation in a tunnel excavation direction during the actual drilling length obtained by changing the reference drilling length by the relative deviation, and holding a guide cell at the second drilling position. The Dorifuta it is an arrangement and a second piercing step of forming a second blasthole is advanced actuated by the actual drilling length.

In the above configuration, in the reference position setting step, the position of the guide cell abutting on the first punching position is set as the reference position, and in the first punching step, a preset reference punching length is set. Is formed at the first piercing position. Subsequently, in the relative deviation detection step, the relative deviation in the tunnel excavation direction between the guide cell in contact with the second drilling position and the guide cell at the reference position, that is, the relative deviation of the second drilling position A relative deviation in the tunnel excavation direction with respect to the first drilling position is detected.
In the second drilling step, the actual drilling length is obtained by changing the reference drilling length by the relative deviation, and a second blast hole having the actual hole tail length is formed at the second drilling position. . This makes it possible to correct the length of the second blast hole in the tunnel excavation direction by exactly the relative deviation with respect to the length of the first blast hole in the tunnel excavation direction. In other words, by correcting the actual perforation length by the unevenness of the face, it is possible to align the buttocks of the second blast hole with the same as those of the first blast hole in the tunnel excavation direction. By repeating this, it becomes possible to align the positions of the butt ends of the plurality of blast holes.

According to the method for adjusting the tail end in the above-described tunnel drilling, it is not necessary to previously set a virtual face plane in front of the face face unlike the related art, so that the number of steps can be reduced accordingly. In addition, there is no possibility that the rotating laser device for setting the virtual face plane is damaged by falling rocks. Further, since it is not necessary to align the guide cell with the virtual face plane every time the rock drill is moved, the workability is improved, and the error of the alignment is eliminated and the hole bottom is removed. Position accuracy is improved.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the relative deviation detecting step according to the first aspect of the present invention, the light reflector disposed on the guide cell and the projection of the laser beam disposed at a preset origin position. A linear distance from the origin position to the light reflector is measured by using an optical distance measuring means having a system and a light receiving system, and a relative deviation is detected based on the measured linear distance.

In the case of the above configuration, a method for detecting the relative deviation in the first aspect of the present invention is specifically specified. That is, while the light reflector is arranged in the guide cell, the light projecting system and the light receiving system of the laser beam are arranged in the origin position to constitute an optical distance measuring means, and the distance from the origin position to the light reflector is configured. A linear distance is measured, and a relative distance in the tunnel excavation direction between the guide cell and the origin position is detected based on the measured linear distance. Then, based on the detected relative distance when the guide cell is at the reference position and the detected relative distance when the guide cell is at the second perforation position, the relative deviation can be reliably and easily detected. . As the optical distance measuring means, a reflecting prism and a laser theo-dry may be used.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the relative deviation detecting step according to the second aspect of the present invention, the inclination angle of the guide cell with respect to the tunnel excavation direction is detected, and the measured linear distance is corrected based on the detected inclination angle. Thus, the relative deviation is detected.

In the above configuration, in addition to the operation according to the second aspect, even when the longitudinal direction of the guide cell is not parallel to the tunnel excavation direction, the tunnel excavation of the second drilling position with respect to the first drilling position is performed. It is possible to accurately detect the relative deviation in the direction. That is, for example, the guide cell contacted with the first drilling position in the reference position setting step is parallel to the tunnel excavation direction, and the guide cell contacted with the second drilling position in the relative deviation detection step. Is not parallel to the tunnel excavation direction, the relative deviation of this guide cell with respect to the guide cell at the reference position will be slightly different from the relative deviation of the second drilling position with respect to the first drilling position. Therefore, the inclination angle of the guide cell with respect to the tunnel excavation direction is detected, and the measured linear distance is corrected based on the detected inclination angle. The guide cell is rotated around its front end to be parallel to the tunnel excavation direction. By determining the relative deviation of this guide cell from the guide cell at the reference position assuming that the guide cell is at the virtual position, the relative deviation of the drilling position in the tunnel excavation direction with respect to the first drilling position is accurately detected. This makes it possible to accurately correct the actual perforation length according to the unevenness of the face.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the second drilling step in the third aspect of the invention, the actual drilling length of the drifter is changed and corrected in accordance with the detected inclination angle.

In the above configuration, in addition to the operation according to the fourth aspect, even when the guide cell is not parallel to the tunnel excavation direction, the actual drilling length of the drifter is corrected according to the detected inclination angle. That is, by dividing the actual drilling length of the drifter by the cosine function of the detected inclination angle, it becomes possible to increase the length by the amount of the blast hole being inclined with respect to the tunnel excavation direction. Thereby, the hole butt of the blast hole can be aligned with the hole butt of the first blast hole at the same position in the tunnel excavation direction.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, when a plurality of blast holes are drilled in the tunnel excavation direction on the face of the tunnel, the positions of the bottom ends of the blast holes are aligned. Assume a hole tail adjustment device for drilling. In this device, a bit disposed on the front end side of a guide cell extending in the front-rear direction is driven by a drifter that advances and retreats along the guide cell to drill a rock, and An operation control unit for performing an advance operation by a set drilling length; and a distance detection unit for detecting a relative distance in a tunnel excavation direction between an origin position preset in the tunnel and the guide cell. As a means, a preset reference perforation length is set as an initial setting perforation length, and the first detected relative distance inputted from the distance detecting means is held as a reference distance, and the detected relative distance is set to 2 from the distance detecting means.
The reference perforation length is changed by a relative deviation between the detected relative distance inputted after the th and the reference distance, and the changed value is sequentially set as the set perforation length.

In the case of the above configuration, first, the front end of the guide cell of the rock drill is brought into contact with a first drilling position set in advance on the face. In this state, the relative distance in the tunnel excavation direction between the origin position preset in the tunnel and the guide cell is detected by the distance detecting means, and the detected relative distance is input to the operation control means and is used as a reference distance. Will be retained. Subsequently, the operation control means moves the drifter forward by a preset reference perforation length to form a first blast hole. Next, the guide cell is moved to bring its front end into contact with the second perforation position. In this state, the relative distance in the tunnel excavation direction between the guide cell and the origin position is detected by the distance detecting means, and the detected relative distance is input to the operation control means. The operation control means calculates a relative deviation of the detected relative distance with respect to the reference distance, that is, a relative deviation of the second drilling position with respect to the first drilling position in the tunnel excavation direction, and further calculates the relative deviation. Only the actual perforated length obtained by changing the reference perforated length is calculated. The operation control means moves the drifter forward by the actual perforation length to form a second blast hole, thereby setting the length of the second blast hole in the tunnel excavation direction to the first blast hole. It is possible to correct the length of the blast hole in the tunnel excavation direction by just the relative deviation. In other words, it is possible to align the bottom of the second blast hole with the same position in the tunnel excavation direction with respect to the bottom of the first blast hole, and by repeating this, the bottom of the plurality of blast holes can be adjusted. The positions can be aligned.

According to the apparatus for adjusting the tail end in the above-described tunnel drilling, it is not necessary to previously set the virtual face plane before the face face as in the prior art, so that the number of steps can be reduced accordingly. In addition, there is no possibility that the rotary laser device for setting the virtual face plane is damaged due to falling rocks. Further, since it is not necessary to align the guide cell with the virtual face plane every time the rock drill is moved, the workability is improved, and the error of the alignment is eliminated and the hole bottom is removed. Position accuracy is improved.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the rock drill according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is provided via a boom so as to be movable in a three-dimensional direction with respect to a bogie positioned in front of the face of the tunnel. Configuration.

In the case of the above configuration, the configuration for supporting the rock drill in the invention according to claim 5 on the facet is specifically specified, and the rock drill is surely supported at a predetermined drilling position. Becomes possible.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the distance detecting means according to the sixth aspect of the invention is an optical distance measuring means, and the optical distance measuring means is a light beam reflector provided in a guide cell; It is configured to include a laser beam projecting system and a light receiving system disposed at the origin position.

In the case of the above configuration, the configuration of the distance detecting means in the invention according to claim 6 is specifically specified. That is, while a light beam reflector is provided in the guide cell, a laser beam projecting system and a light receiving system are provided in the origin position to constitute an optical distance measuring means. By measuring the linear distance to the vessel, it becomes possible to detect the relative distance in the tunnel excavation direction between the guide cell and the origin position. The relative deviation can be reliably and easily detected based on the detected relative distance when the guide cell is at the reference position and the detected relative distance when the guide cell is at the second perforation position. become. As the optical distance measuring means, a reflecting prism and a laser theo-dry may be used.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the origin position in the seventh aspect of the present invention is set on the carriage, and the optical distance measuring means is arranged on the carriage.

In the case of the above construction, since the origin position in the invention according to claim 7 is set on the carriage, the origin position is set simply by positioning the carriage in front of the face, and the optical system is used. Since the distance measuring means is provided on the carriage, the laser beam projecting system and the light receiving system possessed by the optical distance measuring means can be fixed in advance to the origin position, thereby setting. The work is simplified.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to the seventh aspect, an inclination angle detecting means for detecting an inclination angle of the guide cell with respect to a tunnel excavation direction, and a measured linear distance measured by the optical distance measuring means. And measuring distance correcting means for correcting based on the detected tilt angle by the tilt angle detecting means.

In the above configuration, in addition to the operation according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, even when the guide cell is not parallel to the tunnel excavation direction, the relative position of the second excavation position in the tunnel excavation direction with respect to the first excavation position. The deviation can be accurately detected. That is, for example, when the guide cell is in contact with the first drilling position, the guide cell is parallel to the tunnel digging direction, and when the guide cell is in contact with the second drilling position, the guide cell is in the tunnel digging direction. If not parallel,
The relative deviation of the guide cell from the reference cell at the reference position is slightly different from the relative deviation of the second perforated position from the first perforated position. Here, the inclination angle of the guide cell with respect to the tunnel excavation direction is detected by the inclination angle detection means, and the measured linear distance is corrected by the measurement distance correction means based on the detected inclination angle. As a result, the relative deviation of this guide cell from the guide cell at the reference position is determined. This makes it possible to accurately detect the relative deviation of the second drilling position in the tunnel drilling direction with respect to the first drilling position, whereby the actual drilling length can be accurately determined according to the unevenness of the face. Correction becomes possible.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, the operation control means in the tenth aspect of the invention is configured to correct the actual drilling length in accordance with the inclination angle detected by the inclination angle detecting means.

In the above configuration, in addition to the operation according to the tenth aspect, even when the guide cell is not parallel to the tunnel excavation direction, the operation control means determines the actual drilling length of the drifter according to the detected inclination angle. That is, by dividing the actual drilling length of the drifter by the cosine function of the detected inclination angle, it is possible to increase the length by the amount that the blast hole is inclined with respect to the tunnel excavation direction. This makes it possible to align the butt of the blast hole with the same position in the tunnel excavation direction with respect to the butt of the first blast hole.

[0029]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

-Structure of Hole Ass Adjusting Device- FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example in which a hole buttocks adjusting device in tunnel drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied to a jumbo.
1 is a face of a tunnel; 2 is a jumbo provided with a feed unit 3, 3,... As a rock drill; 4 is a laser theodolite as an optical distance measuring means; It is a controller as operation control means for performing operation control.

The face 1 extends substantially circularly in a direction orthogonal to the horizontal tunnel excavation direction Y (the left-right direction in both figures), and has irregularities on its surface. Paint marks 1a, 1b,... Indicating the positions of the holes are marked at predetermined positions.

The jumbo 2 is disposed so as to face the face 1 and is provided with three booms 22, 22,... Disposed on the front side of the bogie 21 (the left side in both figures). The feed units 3, 3,... Disposed at the tip of the boom 22 via the rotary actuators 23, 23,... Are arranged at arbitrary positions within a predetermined range in front of the bogie 2. I have. That is, each of the booms 22 is driven by hydraulic cylinders 22a and 22b in response to an operation input by an operator (not shown) to rotate up, down, left and right, and extend and contract.
The rotary actuators 23 are operated to rotate up and down and left and right with respect to each boom 22 by hydraulic cylinders 23a and 23b, so that each of the feed units 3, 3,. 1 can be supported in a state where the paint marks 1a, 1b,.

As shown in FIG. 3, each of the feed units 3 includes a guide cell 6 extending in the front-rear direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 3), a drifter 7 moving back and forth along the guide cell 6, and the guide cell 6 And a bit 8 connected to the drifter 7 via a rod 71 while being disposed on the distal end side of the guide cell 6.
Are abutted against predetermined paint marks 1a, 1b,... On the face 1 and the bit 8 is driven and rotated by the drifter 7 to cut rock, and the bit 8 is moved together with the drifter 7. By moving the cutting face 1 forward, a blast hole is formed. The feed unit 3 is rotated around its rotation axis W by a rotary actuator 23, and has a tilt angle θ (see FIG. 6) with respect to the rotation axis W by a lock tilt cylinder 31. W is rotated in a virtual plane including W, and further advanced and retracted in the direction of the rotation axis W by the cell slide cylinder 32. The guide cell 6 is provided with a reflection prism 61 as a light beam reflector for reflecting a laser beam projected from the laser theodolite 4, and further below the guide prism 6 with respect to the horizontal direction of the guide cell 6. A gravitational angle sensor 62 is provided as a tilt angle detecting means for detecting the tilt angle θ.

The laser theodolite 4 is arranged on the carriage 2 at a preset origin position 2a. As shown in FIG. 4, the laser theodolite 4 is arranged to be rotatable about a vertical axis z with respect to the lower board 41. A horizontal board 42, a telescope 44 and a laser oscillator 45, which are rotatably mounted on the horizontal board 42 about a horizontal axis x via a pair of columns 43, 43.
The reflection prism 61 is configured to detect a relative distance in the tunnel excavation direction Y with respect to the origin position 2a. Specifically, first, the operator manually moves the telescope 44 and the laser oscillator 45 together to position the reflection prism 61 at the center of the field of view of the telescope 44. In this state, when the laser beam is projected on the reflecting prism 61 by operating the laser oscillator 45, the reflected light from the reflecting prism 61 is received by a light receiving unit (not shown), and the light wave of the reciprocating laser beam is counted. As a result, the linear distance to the reflection prism 61 is measured. At the same time, with the horizontal axis y extending in a direction orthogonal to the horizontal axis x positioned so as to coincide with the tunnel excavation direction Y as a measurement reference, the telescope 44 and the laser oscillator 45 rotate around the horizontal axis x and the vertical axis z. Is detected by an encoder (not shown), and based on the detected angle and the measured linear distance, a calculating unit 46 calculates a relative distance of the reflecting prism 61 with respect to the origin position 2a in the tunnel excavation direction Y. It has become so.

The controller 5 is operated by an operator via an operation control unit 51 (see FIG. 5) for moving the drifter 7 of each feed unit 3 forward by the set perforated length, and an operation panel (not shown). The data storage unit 52 stores the set reference hole length, the reference distance input from the calculation unit 46 of the laser theodolite 4, and the relative deviation of the detected relative distance input from the calculation unit 46 with respect to the reference distance. And a change setting unit 53 that calculates the actual drilling length by subtracting from the reference drilling length and inputs and sets the actual drilling length to the operation control unit 51. The controller 5 stores the detected inclination angle θ of the guide cell 6 with respect to the horizontal direction input from the gravity type angle sensor 62 in the data storage unit 52, and calculates the actual perforation length calculated by the change setting unit 53. Is corrected on the basis of the detected inclination angle θ.
Calculation unit 54 as a measurement distance correcting means for correcting the detected relative distance inputted from the LM based on the detected inclination angle θ.
It has. It should be noted that specific correction contents in the correction calculation section 54 and the change setting section 53 will be described later.

—Method of Adjusting the Hole Ass— A method of aligning the hole edges of the blast holes using the hole tail adjusting apparatus according to the above embodiment will be described below.

First, in both the first paint mark and the second paint mark, a case where a blast hole is formed parallel to the tunnel excavation direction Y (that is, a case where there is no piercing angle) will be described with reference to FIG. explain.

First, in order to form the first blast hole 11, the operator operates the boom 22 (see FIG. 1) by manual operation to move the feed unit 3, and the guide cell 6 of the feed unit 3 is tunneled. In the state parallel to the excavation direction Y, the first paint mark 1 on the face 1
a (lower side in the figure). At this time, the rotation axis W (see FIG. 3) of the rotary actuator 23 is made parallel to the tunnel excavation direction Y, and the lock tilt cylinder 3
The guide cell 6 is positioned parallel to the tunnel excavation direction Y by setting the operation amount of 1 to zero. In this state,
The operator operates the telescope 44 of the laser theodolite 4
The laser oscillator 4 is arranged such that the reflection prism 61 of the guide cell 6 is positioned at the center position of the visual field (see FIG. 4).
Activate 5 As a result, a relative distance L0 in the tunnel excavation direction Y with respect to the origin position 2a of the reflection prism 61 is detected, and the detected relative distance L0 is input from the arithmetic unit 46 of the laser theodolite 4 to the controller 5 and is used as the reference distance L0. It is stored in the storage unit 52 (reference position setting step).

The operator determines an appropriate perforation length D0 according to the rock quality of the face 1 and inputs the perforation length D0 to the controller 5. The input set value is held in the data storage unit 52 as a reference drilling length D0 and is set in an operation control unit 51 for controlling the operation of the drifter 7. The first blast hole 11 is formed by being advanced by the distance D0 (first piercing step).

Subsequently, in order to form the second blast hole 12, the operator moves the feed unit 3 by operating the boom 22, and the feed unit 3 is moved in the same manner as in the case of the first blast hole 11. The guide cell 6 is brought into contact with the paint mark 1b (upper side in the figure) in a state parallel to the tunnel excavation direction Y. In this state, as in the case of the first blast hole 11, the relative distance L1 in the tunnel excavation direction Y with respect to the origin position 2a of the reflecting prism 61 is detected by the laser theodolite 4, and the detected relative distance L1 is determined by the laser. An input is made to the controller 5 from the arithmetic unit 46 of the theodolite 4. Then, in the change setting section 53 of the controller 5, a relative deviation is calculated by subtracting the reference distance L0 from the detected relative distance L1 (relative deviation detecting step). Further, the relative deviation L1− is calculated from the reference drilling length D0. L0 is subtracted, and the result of the subtraction is the actual drilling length D.
1 is set in the operation control unit 51. That is, D1 = D0- (L1-L0)

Then, the operation control section 51 moves the drifter 7 forward by the actual perforation length D1 to form a second blast hole 12 (second perforation step). As a result,
The length of the blast hole 12 in the tunnel digging direction Y is shorter than the length of the first blast hole 11 in the tunnel digging direction Y by exactly the above-mentioned relative deviation L1 -L0. The buttocks can be aligned on the virtual plane 10 at the same position in the tunnel excavation direction Y with respect to the buttocks of the first blast holes 11.

Next, a case where the blast hole is formed at an angle θ upward with respect to the tunnel excavation direction Y in the third paint mark (that is, a case where there is a slant angle) will be described with reference to FIG. .

As described above, the operator places the reference perforation length D0 at the position of the first paint mark 1a (lower side in the figure).
After the first blast hole 11 is formed, the feed unit 3 is moved by manually operating the boom 22, and the guide cell 6 of the feed unit 3 is brought into contact with the paint mark 1c (upper side in the figure). At this time, the operator operates the rotary actuator 2 in the same manner as in the case where there is no insertion angle.
In a state where the rotation axis W is positioned parallel to the tunnel excavation direction Y, the lock tilt cylinder 31 (see FIG. 3) is actuated by a predetermined amount so that the guide cell 6 tilts upward with respect to the rotation axis W. Then, the front end 6a of the guide cell 6 is brought into contact with the paint mark 1c. In the same manner as described above, the relative distance L2 in the tunnel excavation direction Y with respect to the origin position 2a of the reflecting prism 61 is detected by the operation of the laser theodolite 4, and the detected relative distance L2 is input from the calculation unit 46 to the controller 5. Is done.

On the other hand, the inclination angle θ of the guide cell 6 with respect to the horizontal direction is detected by the gravity type angle sensor 62 disposed in the guide cell 6 and input to the controller 5.
The detected inclination angle θ, that is, the inclination angle θ of the guide cell 6 with respect to the tunnel excavation direction Y is stored in the data storage unit 52. Then, based on the detected inclination angle θ, the guide cell 6 is set in the tunnel excavation direction Y by the correction calculation unit 54.
The detected relative distance L is set to be a distance from the origin position 2a of the reflecting prism 61 when the reflecting prism 61 is at a virtual position parallel to
2 is corrected. That is, assuming that the total length of the guide cell 6 is R, L2 '= L2-R (1-coθ) The correction distance L2' calculated in this way is input from the correction calculation unit 54 to the change setting unit 53, and the change setting unit 53 , The reference distance L0 is subtracted from the correction distance L2 'to calculate a relative deviation L2'-L0. That is, by calculating the relative deviation between the correction distance L2 'and the reference distance L0, the relative deviation of the third paint mark 1c with respect to the first paint mark 1a in the tunnel excavation direction Y is accurately detected.

Then, the change setting unit 53 calculates the perforation length D2 in the tunnel excavation direction Y by subtracting the relative deviation L2'-L0 from the reference perforation length D0. Is corrected by dividing the perforation length D2 by the cosine value of the inclination angle θ to calculate the actual perforation length D2 '. That is, D2 ′ = D2 / cos θ = {D0− (L2′−L0)} / cos θ Then, the actual drilling length D2 ′ is input and set to the operation control unit 51. 7 is advanced by the actual perforation length D2 'to form a blast hole 13. The third blasting hole 13 thus formed is formed to be inclined upward by the insertion angle θ with respect to the tunnel excavation direction Y, and is formed to be longer by the amount of the inclination. The length in the tunnel excavation direction Y is D2'cos θ = D2 = D0- (L2'-L0). That is, the length of the third blast hole 13 in the tunnel digging direction Y is shorter than the length of the first blast hole 11 in the tunnel digging direction Y by the relative deviation L2'-L0. That is, the tail of the hole can be aligned to the virtual plane 10 at the same position in the tunnel excavation direction Y with respect to the tail of the first blast hole 11.

Next, the operation and effect of the above embodiment will be described.

According to the apparatus for adjusting the tail end of a tunnel hole according to the above embodiment, the paint mark of the guide cell 6 in a state where the actual drilling length D1 of the second blast hole 12 is brought into contact with the paint mark 1b. By correcting based on the relative deviation from the guide cell 6 in the state of contact with 1a, it is possible to correct according to the unevenness of the face 1 so that the butt of the blast holes 11, 12,. Direction Y
Can be aligned on the virtual plane 10 at the same position, thereby obtaining effects such as improvement of blasting efficiency and reduction of falling rocks from the face after blasting. In addition, since it is not necessary to previously set a virtual face plane by a rotary laser device or the like before the face face 1 as in the related art, the number of processes can be reduced by that amount, and the rotary laser device is damaged by falling rocks. There is no danger, and feed unit 3,
Since it is not necessary to align the guide cell 6 of each feed unit 3 with the above-mentioned virtual face plane each time 3, 3,... Is moved, the operability is improved and the alignment error is eliminated. The positioning accuracy of the hole bottom is improved.

Further, the distance between the guide cells 6, 6,... In the tunnel excavation direction Y can be reliably and easily detected by the reflection prism 61 and the laser theodolite 4 disposed in each of the guide cells 6. Further, even when the guide cell 6 is not parallel to the tunnel excavation direction Y, the actual drilling length D2 can be corrected according to the unevenness of the face 1 and the tunnel excavation direction Y of the guide cell 6 can be corrected. Can be corrected to be longer by an amount corresponding to the inclination angle θ with respect to the first blast hole 11.
Can be aligned exactly. In addition, since the laser theodolite 4 is disposed on the trolley 21 of the jumbo 2, the laser theodolite 4 can be set only by positioning the trolley 21 in front of the face 1, thereby simplifying the setting operation. It is planned.

<Other Embodiments> The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but includes various other embodiments. That is, in the above embodiment,
Although the reflecting prism 61 and the laser theodolite 4 are used as the distance detecting means, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, each hydraulic cylinder 2 for operating the booms 22, 22,.
, 2a, 22b,... Are detected on the basis of the flow rate of the hydraulic oil, and these respective operation amounts are integrated to obtain the guide cells 6, 6,.
It is also possible to detect the position of.

In the above embodiment, the paint marks 1a, 1b,... Are used to indicate the positions of the blast holes. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

In the above embodiment, the laser theodolite 4
Is arranged on the cart 21 of the jumbo 2, but is not limited thereto, and may be arranged at a predetermined position in a tunnel, for example. In this case, a laser projector used as a standard for tunnel construction can be used as a light source.

In the above embodiment, the laser theodolite 4
As an example, a device having a telescope 44 and a laser oscillator 45 is used, and after the operator positions the reflection prism 61 at the center of the field of view of the telescope 44, a laser beam is projected from the laser oscillator 45 to the reflection prism 61. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is also possible to use a laser theodolite that emits a visible light laser and perform aiming and distance measurement without using a telescope.

In the above embodiment, the gravity type angle sensor 62 is used as the inclination angle detecting means. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the operation amount of the lock tilt cylinder 31 is detected based on the flow rate of the hydraulic oil. You may do so.

In the above embodiment, the case where the tunnel excavation direction Y is the horizontal direction has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. If the tunnel digging direction Y is not horizontal, the inclination angle of the tunnel digging direction Y with respect to the horizontal direction is detected in advance, and the gravity type angle sensor 62 is detected.
The inclination of the guide cell 6 with respect to the tunnel excavation direction may be calculated based on the detected inclination angle θ of the guide cell 6 with respect to the horizontal direction.

In the above-described embodiment, the booms 22, 22,... Of the jumbo 2 are operated by an operator's manual operation. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the controller 5 may operate the booms 22, 22,. It is also possible to provide a control unit for performing the control and perform the automatic operation.

In the above embodiment, the reflection prism 61 is provided at the rear end of the guide cell 6. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the reflection prism 61 is provided at an intermediate portion of the guide cell 6 or the like. You may. Also, the reflecting prism 61
It is also possible to use a reflecting plate instead of.

[0057]

As described above, according to the method of adjusting the hole bottom in the tunnel drilling according to the first aspect of the present invention, the position of the guide cell contacting the first drilling position is set as the reference position. Above, the relative deviation of the guide cell brought into contact with the second drilling position with respect to the reference position in the tunnel excavation direction is detected, and based on the relative deviation, the second deviation is detected.
By correcting the actual piercing length of the blast hole, the piercing length of both blast holes can be corrected in accordance with the unevenness of the face. For this reason, the hole butt of a plurality of blast holes can be aligned at the same position in the tunnel excavation direction, whereby effects such as improvement of blast efficiency and reduction of falling rocks from the face after blast are obtained. At this time, the number of steps can be reduced because there is no need to set an imaginary face plane as in the related art, and there is no need to align the guide cell with the imaginary face plane, which makes the work easier This improves the position accuracy of the hole bottom.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, the linear distance from the origin position of the light reflector provided in the guide cell is measured by the optical distance measuring means. This makes it possible to reliably and easily detect the relative deviation.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the second aspect of the present invention, even if the guide cell is not parallel to the tunnel excavation direction, the second perforation position with respect to the first perforation position. The relative deviation in the tunnel excavation direction can be accurately detected.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the third aspect of the invention, even when the guide cell is not parallel to the tunnel excavation direction, the length of the blast hole in the tunnel excavation direction can be adjusted by the inclination. The length of the blast hole can be precisely aligned.

According to the hole tail adjusting apparatus for tunnel drilling according to the present invention, the relative distance between the guide cell brought into contact with the first and second drilling positions and the origin position is detected. By detecting by means,
A relative deviation of the second drilling position from the first drilling position in the tunnel excavation direction can be detected, and the actual drilling length of the second blast hole is corrected based on the relative deviation, whereby The perforation length of both blast holes can be corrected according to the unevenness of the face. For this reason, the hole butt of a plurality of blast holes can be aligned at the same position in the tunnel excavation direction, whereby effects such as improvement of blast efficiency and reduction of falling rocks from the face after blast are obtained. At this time, the number of steps can be reduced because there is no need to set a virtual wing plane unlike the conventional case, and there is no need to align the guide cell with the above-mentioned virtual face plane. This improves the position accuracy of the hole bottom.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the rock drill according to the fifth aspect of the invention can be reliably supported at a predetermined drilling position.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the sixth aspect of the present invention, the linear distance to the origin position of the light reflector provided in the guide cell is measured by the optical distance measuring means. With this configuration, the relative deviation can be reliably and easily detected.

According to the eighth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the seventh aspect of the invention, the setting operation can be simplified by arranging the optical distance measuring means on the carriage.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the seventh aspect of the present invention, even when the guide cell is not parallel to the tunnel excavation direction, the second perforation position is different from the first perforation position. The relative deviation in the tunnel excavation direction can be accurately detected.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the ninth aspect, even when the guide cell is not parallel to the tunnel excavation direction, the length of the blast hole in the tunnel excavation direction can be adjusted by the inclination. Can be extended by minutes,
This makes it possible to accurately align the butt of the blast holes.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a jumbo according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the jumbo of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing a configuration of a feed unit.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a laser theodolite.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a method of adjusting a hole tail when there is no slant angle.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a method of adjusting a hole tail when there is a slant angle.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Face face 1a, 1b, 1c Paint mark (hole bottom position) 2a Origin position 3 Feed unit (rock drill) 4 Laser theodolite (optical distance measuring means) 5 Controller (operation control means) 6 Guide cell 6a Guide cell Front end 7 Drifter 8 bits 11, 12, 13 Blast hole 21 Jumbo bogie 22 Jumbo boom 54 Correction calculation unit (measurement distance correction unit) 61 Reflection prism (light beam reflector) 62 Gravity angle sensor (tilt angle detection unit) D0 Reference drilling length D1, D2 'Actual drilling length L0 Reference distance L1, L2 Detection relative distance θ Insertion angle, detection inclination angle

Claims (10)

[Claims] When a plurality of blast holes are drilled in the tunnel excavation direction on the face of the tunnel, the hole butt adjustment in the tunnel drilling for aligning the positions of the hole butt that is the bottom end of the blast holes. A method comprising: using a rock drill configured to drill a rock by driving a bit disposed at a front end side of a guide cell extending in a front-rear direction along a guide cell extending along the guide cell; A reference position setting step of bringing the front end of the abutment surface into contact with a first perforation position among a plurality of perforation positions preset on the face, and setting the position of the guide cell in this state as a reference position; A first perforation step of operating the drifter forward by a preset reference perforation length while holding the cell at the reference position to form a first blast hole at the first perforation position; It is moved to bring its front end into contact with a second perforation position different from the first perforation position, and a relative deviation in the tunnel excavation direction between the guide cell in this state and the guide cell at the reference position is detected. A relative deviation detecting step of determining the actual drilling length obtained by changing the reference drilling length by the relative deviation, and moving the drifter forward by the actual drilling length while holding the guide cell at the second drilling position. A second perforation step of operating to form a second blast hole. 2. The optical system according to claim 1, wherein in the relative deviation detecting step, the optical system includes a light beam reflector provided in the guide cell, and a laser beam projecting system and a light receiving system arranged in a preset origin position. A method of adjusting a hole bottom in a tunnel drilling, comprising: measuring a linear distance from the origin position to the light beam reflector using a formula distance measuring means, and detecting a relative deviation based on the measured linear distance. 3. The relative deviation detecting step according to claim 2, wherein the relative deviation is detected by detecting a tilt angle of the guide cell with respect to a tunnel excavation direction, and correcting the measured linear distance based on the detected tilt angle. A method for adjusting a hole bottom in a tunnel drilling, the method comprising: 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein in the drilling step, the actual drilling length of the drifter is corrected in accordance with the detected inclination angle. 5. When a plurality of blast holes are drilled in the tunnel excavation direction on the face of the tunnel, the hole butt adjustment in the tunnel drilling for aligning the positions of the hole butt which is the bottom end of the blast holes. In the apparatus, a rock drilling machine configured such that a bit disposed on the front end side of a guide cell extending in the front-rear direction is driven by a drifter that advances and retreats along the guide cell to drill a rock, and the driller, Operation control means for performing an advance operation by the set drilling length; and distance detection means for detecting a relative distance in a tunnel excavation direction between an origin position preset in the tunnel and the guide cell, The control means sets a preset reference drilling length as an initial setting punching length, and holds a first detected relative distance inputted from the distance detecting means as a reference distance. In addition, the reference drilling length is changed by a relative deviation between the second and subsequent detected relative distances input from the distance detecting means and the reference distance, and the changed value is sequentially set as the set punching length. A hole tail adjusting device for tunnel drilling, characterized in that it is configured as follows. 6. The rock drill according to claim 5, wherein the rock drill is disposed via a boom so as to be movable in a three-dimensional direction with respect to a bogie positioned in front of the face of the tunnel. Hole adjusting device for tunnel drilling. 7. The distance detecting means according to claim 6, wherein the distance detecting means comprises an optical distance measuring means, and the optical distance measuring means is disposed at a light source reflector provided in the guide cell and at an origin position. A hole tail adjusting device for tunnel drilling, comprising a laser beam projecting system and a light receiving system. 8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the origin position is set on a truck, and the optical distance measuring means is disposed on the truck. 9. The tilt angle detecting means for detecting a tilt angle of a guide cell with respect to a tunnel excavation direction, and a linear distance measured by an optical distance measuring means, the tilt angle being detected by the tilt angle detecting means. Measurement distance correction means for correcting based on the distance. A hole tail adjusting device for tunnel drilling. 10. The hole bottom in a tunnel drilling according to claim 9, wherein the operation control means is configured to correct the actual drilling length in accordance with the tilt angle detected by the tilt angle detecting means. Adjustment device.