JPH10192441A - Sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To directly supply a regulated discharge pressure to individual sprinkler heads in order to perform a highly efficient fire extinguishment with little water loss. SOLUTION: Secondary pipings 41-43 having a plurality of sprinkler heads 5 connected thereto are provided on each floor of a building to supply a fire extinguishing water regulated to a prescribed range to the secondary pipings 41-43, and unwinding pipings 52 branched from the secondary pipings 41-43, and reaching each sprinkler head 5 have constant pressure valves 51. Since the constant pressure valves 51 are arranged in 1:1 to the individual sprinkler heads 5, water is sprayed in a desired discharge pressure from the sprinkler head 5, and an efficient fire extinguishment can be performed with little water loss.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sprinkler fire extinguishing system capable of surely spraying water suitable for fire extinguishing from a sprinkler head in a fire.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional sprinkler fire extinguishing system,
A fire pump pumping pressurized water to the sprinkler head discharges 80 liters of water at a pressure of, for example, 1 kg per minute (1 kgf per square centimeter) from the head on the top floor of the building.
It is designed so that 30 water can be discharged at the same time.
Usually, a fire pump is provided at a low position below the ground floor of a building, and supplies water for fire extinguishing to each floor by using a water supply main pipe provided so as to penetrate the building in a vertical direction.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
As disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No.-236972, when the fire extinguishing water is discharged from the sprinkler head, a water droplet having a diameter of 1.5 to 2.0 mm has good fire extinguishing efficiency,
In order to increase the ratio of such water droplets, the water discharge pressure should be 0.5 to 4.
It is effective to discharge at a low pressure in the range of 5 kg.
The applicant has embodied a very rational newsprinter system that uses water effectively. This system uses a fast-acting head, which has a faster fire detection speed than the conventional sprinkler head, and uses a pressure-regulating valve as a pre-charging type pressure-regulating flow water detection device (automatic alarm device) for the district valve device on each floor. Therefore, the secondary side of the pressure regulating valve is constantly regulated to a predetermined pressure, and the water discharge pressure of the quick-acting head is sprinkled at a pressure suitable for fire extinguishing, thereby making it possible to reduce the amount of water discharged and the number of simultaneously opened water. .

[0004]

In order to set the water discharge pressure of the sprinkler head to a predetermined pressure using only the pressure regulating valves on each floor of the building, the number of sprinkler heads that can be connected to one pressure regulating valve is determined. . This is based on the fact that a pressure loss occurs due to the length of the pipe or the elbow in the secondary pipe of the pressure regulating valve, and a constant pressure cannot be supplied forever.

Therefore, in the newsprinter system described above, the system is designed such that the pressure on the secondary side of the pressure regulating valve is regulated to 3.5 km so that a pressure of 1 km can be supplied to the most distal sprinkler head. That is, the water discharge pressure from the connected sprinkler head is based on its position.
The range is from 5 km to 1 kg sequentially, and water is discharged at a pressure within that range. The range of this water pressure is
As disclosed in the above publication, the effect is large on the low-pressure side, and it is desired to set such a value, but it is actually impossible.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a sprinkler fire extinguishing system for directly supplying a regulated water discharge pressure to individual sprinkler heads in order to extinguish fire with high fire extinguishing efficiency and low water loss.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, the present invention provides a secondary pipe to which a plurality of sprinkler heads are connected on each floor of a building, and the secondary pipe has a regulated pressure within a predetermined range. A sprinkler fire extinguishing system to which fire-extinguishing water is supplied, comprising a constant pressure valve in an unwinding pipe branched from a secondary pipe and reaching each sprinkler head.

Since a constant pressure valve is provided for each sprinkler head on a one-to-one basis, fire extinguishing water may be supplied to each floor at a predetermined pressure range. Watering can be performed.
As a result, fire extinguishing with good fire extinguishing efficiency and little water loss can be performed.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a sprinkler fire extinguishing system utilizing the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a water storage tank, reference numeral 12 denotes a pump constituting a pressurized water supply device, and reference numeral 13 denotes a rising water supply pipe vertically arranged in a building, which is connected via a check valve 14 and a gate valve 15. Connected to the pump 12. 21-23
Is a branch pipe normally branched from the water supply pipe 13 for each floor, and is connected to a pre-operation type automatic alarm device 31 to 33 having a pressure regulating function as a pressure regulating valve.

On the secondary side of the automatic alarm devices 31 to 33, a required number of fast-moving sprinkler heads 5 are provided in the secondary side pipes 41 to 43, respectively.
The sprinkler head 5 is disposed on a ceiling surface or the like (not shown in detail) from a branch portion 3 through a predetermined unitized unwinding pipe 52 via a constant pressure valve 51.

The quick-moving sprinkler head 5 has an R
A TI sensitivity index (a sensitivity index based on a thermal time constant actually measured for operation in a hot air flow) is about 40, and a conventional head has a sensitivity index of 200.
This is a closed-type head that has a remarkably high sensitivity and operates quickly, with a fire detection speed five times faster than the standard. Although the structure is not described in detail, in the case of a flash-type head using solder, A head achieved by a structure in which solder is disposed near a hot plate to prevent heat conduction to parts other than solder. In the case of a glass bulb type, the diameter is 5 m.
It uses a glass bulb as thin as about m.

The quick-moving head 5 can extinguish the fire at an initial stage, so that it extinguishes the fire with a small volume of 50 liters per minute and a regulated water discharge. The watering radius is as large as 3.25m.

The unwinding pipe 52 in which the heads 5 are provided is branched from the conventional secondary side pipes 41 to 43 and once falls down and then extends horizontally to the head position via an elbow and a second elbow. Although the pipes may be joined to each other so as to reach the installation surface, although not shown here, a plurality of short pipes and a universal rotary joint are combined from the connection port of the branch pipe to the connection port of the head 5. It is preferable to use a fixed unwinding piping unit having a pressure loss, for example, a so-called DL pipe (two short pipes and three universal rotary joints). Thereby, the pipe length and the number of bent portions up to the head 5 are unified, and the pressure loss amount in the unwinding pipe 52 can be unified.

The unloading pipe 52 is connected to the secondary pipe 41.
After branching from to 43, they are connected via the constant pressure valve 51, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, these constant pressure valves 51 are provided by a seat plate 57 having an opening 53 serving as a flow path and a differential pressure between a primary side 54 and a secondary side 55 of fire-extinguishing water flowing therethrough. A tongue piece 56 whose curved free end deforms to approach the opening 53 to adjust the passage area, regardless of the fluctuation of the differential pressure between the primary side 54 and the secondary side 55,
The pressure on the secondary side can be made substantially constant.

That is, in the constant pressure valve 51, the primary side 5
4, the tongue 56 is pushed and the opening 53
Has a smaller opening area. At this time, the flow of the high-pressure fire-extinguishing water into the secondary side 55 is restricted, so that the pressure on the secondary side 55 does not increase. This function works until the tongue piece 56 is completely seated on the seat plate 57. In addition, various types of valve structures using such elastic bodies as rubber and springs can be used, and can be used.However, in this embodiment, the constant pressure valve 51 is used in this embodiment. By using a metal spring plate, sagging is less likely to occur and the reliability is high, the number of parts can be reduced, the tongue piece can be curved, and the shape can be selected so that the pressure range of the desired primary side 54 can be controlled. Thus, the pressure on the secondary side 55 can be made constant.

The automatic alarm devices 31 to 33 as the district valve devices are provided with a pre-operation type function for enabling the valve body to be opened by a signal from the fire detector and a flow of fire extinguishing water when the valve body is opened. It has a function of detecting flowing water to detect, and a function of monitoring the secondary side piping due to erroneous opening of the head or leakage from the pipes. Has a secondary pressure adjusting function of adjusting the fire extinguishing water and introducing it to the secondary side. FIG. 2 shows the structure of the simplified automatic alarm device 31. The other automatic alarm devices 32 and 33 have the same structure.

In FIG. 4, the main valve 8 of the automatic alarm 31
Reference numeral 1 always seals the primary side 82 and the secondary side 83 with a valve body 84 urged by a spring. This valve 8
The piston 85, which is integral with the cylinder 4,
Is formed. The main valve 81 includes a pressure regulating pilot valve 87 for reducing the pressure of the fire-extinguishing water on the primary side 82 to a predetermined pressure by adjusting the opening degree of the valve body 84 and supplying the water to the secondary side 83; An electric start valve 61 that normally shuts off the pressurizing / opening operation of the valve 81 and shifts to the openable state.
And a manual activation valve 89.

The pressure regulating pilot valve 87 branches from the secondary side 83 of the main valve 81 to supply the secondary pressure to the operation room 801 through a pipe.
The primary pressure is taken in from the primary side 82 of the main valve 81 through a pipe having a strainer, and the opening of the valve body 802 is adjusted by the action of the flam and the spring. When the secondary pressure is low, the valve body 802 is opened. Open this valve 81 through pipe 803
The primary pressure is supplied to the first cylinder to open the valve 84. When the secondary pressure increases, the opening of the valve body 802 is adjusted in the closing direction by the action of the above-mentioned flam and the spring, the pressure in the cylinder is reduced, and the valve body 84 performs the closing operation. With these operations, an operation of adjusting the pressure to the set secondary pressure is performed. At the same time, since the pressure regulating pilot valve 87 is also directly connected to the secondary side 83 of the main valve 81, it is possible to supplement the decrease in the monitored secondary pressure using the primary pressure.

Here, even if the pressure range in which the water discharge pressure of the sprinkler head 5 can be made constant at a predetermined value by only the constant pressure valve 51 is narrow, the range regulated by the automatic alarm device 31 is the pressure that the constant pressure valve 51 can handle. If the pressure is adjusted to some extent by the automatic alarm device 31, the pressure range of the constant pressure valve 51 does not need to be extremely widened.

When a fire occurs, the starting valve 61 is opened based on a signal from the fire detector, and when the sprinkler head 5 connected to the secondary pipe 41 is activated to start watering, the valve 81 is opened. The pressure on the secondary side 83 is reduced and the valve body 84 is opened, and the fire extinguishing water on the primary side 82 flows into the secondary side 83 via the valve seat. When this valve element 84 is opened,
In addition to the primary side 82 and the secondary side 83, fire extinguishing water also flows into the flowing water detection chamber 88, and when the connected flowing water detecting pressure switch 66 exceeds a set pressure, it operates to output a flowing water detection signal. .

A pressure switch 71 for monitoring a secondary side pipe is connected to the secondary side 83 and operates when the pressure drops below a set pressure to output a secondary pressure decrease signal. This secondary pressure drop signal comprehensively indicates an abnormality on the entire secondary side of the automatic alarm device 31 based on water leakage from the secondary side pipe 41, some kind of erroneous opening of the sprinkler head 5, and the like.

The pump 12 constitutes a pressurized water supply device using a motor 16, a pump control panel 17, a pressurized air tank 18, and the like, and pumps out fire-extinguishing water in the water storage tank 11 to a water supply pipe 13. In addition, priming equipment and pressure relief piping,
Test equipment and the like are omitted. And the pump control panel 17
Is a pressure air tank 1 for detecting a pressure drop in the water supply pipe 13.
The start and control of the motor 16 are performed by a start signal through a signal line 93 by a pressure switch 92 provided in the motor 8.

Reference numeral 95 denotes a fire receiver, which is connected to a fire detector 9 for smoke, heat, or the like provided in each section via a signal line 96, and assigns an individual address to each fire detector 9. In addition, the receiver 95 individually calls and collects a fire signal. Alternatively, the receiver may be of a type in which a signal line for each line is connected to the fire detector 9. The floor in which a fire has occurred is determined, and the information is transmitted to the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 via the signal line 99. If possible. The sprinkler monitoring panel 19 is connected to a repeater 97 for monitoring and controlling each of the automatic alarm devices 31 to 33.
8, an individual address is assigned to each repeater 97, and the monitoring panel 19 specifies the repeater 97 by the address and performs information collection and control instructions. Basically, the detection of the secondary pressure drop signal and the flowing water detection signal by the pressure switches 66 and 71 shown in FIG.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. Before the fire monitoring, the fire extinguishing water is slowly dropped from the auxiliary elevated water tank 20 at the top of the water supply pipe 13, and the entire system is filled with the fire extinguishing water. At this time, the starting valves 61 to 63 of the automatic alarm devices 31 to 33 are opened, and the fire extinguishing water is supplied to the sprinkler head 5 at the end of each floor via the secondary pipes 41 to 43 and the unwinding pipe 52. Is done. At the same time, the fire extinguishing water is also filled in the pressurized air tank 18, but an air layer is formed by a compressor (not shown), and the monitoring pressure is maintained in response to a pressure change due to a breathing action in the piping. Here, the automatic alarm device 31
The secondary side pipes 41 to 43 are filled with pressure regulation based on a pressure regulation function. Therefore, high pressure due to the head does not flow into the secondary pipe 41 or the like.

When the filling is completed, the start valves 61 to 63 of the automatic alarm devices 31 to 33 are closed. In this state, assuming that a fire has occurred from the lower part of the building, first, the fire detector 9 in the lower part detects the fire and assigns its own address to generate a fire signal.
6, the fire receiver 95 receives a fire signal. Upon receiving the fire signal, the fire receiver 95 determines the floor where the fire occurred based on the address, and outputs a floor-specific signal to the sprinkler monitor panel 19 via the signal line 99 for notification.
And the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 which received the signal according to the floor,
The repeater 97 provided on the corresponding floor is determined, and in this case, a start command specifying the repeater 97 in the lower layer is transmitted. Then, the repeater 97 that has received the start command via the signal line 98 controls the opening of the start valve 61. The automatic alarm device 31 with the start valve 61 opened is in a state where the valve body 84 can be opened when the fire-extinguishing water is supplied to the secondary side 83.

When the fire progresses, the fast-acting sprinkler head 5 releases heat during the initial fire, and the fire extinguishing water in the secondary pipe 41 is first discharged. Then, in the automatic alarm device 31, the valve element 84 is opened based on the supply of fire extinguishing water to the secondary side 83, the fire extinguishing water on the primary side 82 is supplied to the secondary side 83, and the secondary pipe 41 is controlled. Fire extinguishing water flows into the pressurized area about 3.5 to 6 km. At this time,
Assuming that the pressure loss amount of the unwinding pipe 52 is about 1 kg, the constant pressure valve 51 sets the pressure of the secondary side 55 to about 2 kg in the pressure range of the primary side 54 of about 3.5 to 6 km. Often,
As a result, the water discharge pressure of the head 5 becomes about 1 km. The constant pressure valve 51 having a simple structure can sufficiently cope with this pressure, and the fire extinguishing water can be discharged from the head 5 in an optimum watering pattern.

When the valve element 84 of the automatic alarm device 31 is opened, the fire extinguishing water flows into the flowing water detection chamber 89 and the pressure switch 66 is operated. Upon detecting the operation of the pressure switch 66, the repeater 97 gives its own address to generate a running water detection signal, and the sprinkler monitoring board 19 receives the running water detection signal via the signal line 98. Upon receiving the flowing water detection signal, the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 determines the floor on which water discharge has started based on the address, and outputs a water discharging signal to the fire receiver 95 via the signal line 99 for signaling. Then, upon receiving the water discharge signal, the fire receiver 95 displays the start of water discharge on the corresponding floor on a panel (not shown).

Further, when the fire extinguishing water on the primary side 82 is supplied to the secondary side 83 by the automatic alarm device 31, the fire extinguishing water in the water supply pipe 13 is supplied through the branch pipe 21, and Pressure decreases. And the pressure air tank 1
When the pressure in the inside 8 decreases to a predetermined pressure, the pressure switch 92 operates to output an activation signal to the pump control panel 17 via the signal line 93. The pump control panel 17 to which the start signal has been input controls the start of the motor 16.

In the above embodiment, the equipment using the pre-operation type automatic alarm device with a pressure adjusting function has been described. However, a wet or dry type automatic alarm device may be used. Instead of an alarm device, a facility provided with a pressure regulating function in a simultaneous opening valve may be used.

Also, in the above embodiment, the secondary side piping 41 based on the pressure regulating function of the automatic alarm devices 31 to 33 of each floor.
Although the fire extinguishing water of a predetermined pressure is introduced into to 43, the secondary side pipes 41 to 43 are also provided by a pressurized water supply device such as control of the discharge pressure of the pump 12 according to the height of the floor. The predetermined pressure can be set.

In this case, the pump 12 is a pressurized water supply device configured by using a motor 16, a pump control panel 17, a pressure air tank 18, and the like. The motor 16 is, for example, a three-phase cage type induction motor. The rotation speed is controlled based on the control of the pump control panel 17. The rotation speed control of the pump control panel 17 is performed labor-saving by, for example, opening and closing control of a switch by an inverter using a thyristor. The controlled three-phase alternating current is supplied to the motor 16 via the power supply line 94 to control the rotation speed, and the pump control panel 17 controls the number of switching operations per unit time of the opening / closing control of the switch.

The number of times of switching is set, for example, by dividing the floor on which the sprinkler head 5 is provided into appropriate portions, and stored in a storage device in the pump control panel 17 (not shown). At this time, when the predetermined pressure is to be sent to the highest floor in each section, the lowest floor may be within the pressure range. Then, as a result of the information being collected by the sprinkler control panel 19, the floor on which the running water detection signal is obtained is transferred by signal transmission or contact control for each part via the signal line 91, and the pump control panel 17
Is a pressure air tank 1 for detecting a pressure drop in the water supply pipe 13.
The motor 16 is started and controlled by AND with a start signal via a signal line 93 by a pressure switch 92 provided in the motor 8.

A desired discharge pressure is stored in the storage device in the pump control panel 17 in the same manner as the number of times of switching for each part. As a basis, by setting the discharge pressure, when the ratio of the discharge pressure to the rotational speed changes, the actual number of switching can be finely adjusted by applying feedback. for that purpose,
Pressure gauge 10 capable of analog output to the immediate part of pump 12
May be installed, and the secondary pressure of the pump 12 may be signal-transmitted to the pump control panel 17 via the signal line 100.

As described above, in the above embodiment, the secondary pipes 41 to 43 to which the plurality of sprinkler heads 5 are connected are provided on each floor of the building, and the secondary pipes 41 to 4 are provided.
3 is a sprinkler fire extinguishing system to which fire-extinguishing water adjusted to a predetermined range is supplied, wherein a constant-pressure valve 51 is attached to an unwinding pipe 52 branched from secondary pipes 41 to 43 and reaching each sprinkler head 5. Have.

Each sprinkler head 5 has one
Since the constant pressure valve 51 is provided in one-to-one correspondence, if the fire extinguishing water is supplied to the secondary side pipes 41 to 43 of each floor at a pressure within a predetermined range, water is sprinkled from the sprinkler head 5 at a desired water discharge pressure. It can be carried out. As a result, fire extinguishing with good fire extinguishing efficiency and little water loss can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram schematically illustrating an embodiment of a system.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a constant pressure valve used in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an external view showing the shapes of a tongue piece and a seat plate of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of an automatic alarm device used in FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

 41, 42, 43 Secondary side piping 5 Sprinkler head 51 Constant pressure valve 52 Unwinding piping

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A sprinkler fire extinguishing system in which a secondary pipe connected to a plurality of sprinkler heads is provided on each floor of a building, and fire-extinguishing water regulated to a predetermined range is supplied to the secondary pipe. A sprinkler fire extinguishing system, wherein a constant pressure valve is provided in an unwinding pipe branched from the secondary pipe and reaching each sprinkler head.