JP3611161B2 - Sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sprinkler fire extinguishing facility that monitors pressure in piping.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a conventional sprinkler fire extinguishing system, the fire extinguishing pump that supplies water under pressure to the sprinkler head has 30 simultaneous discharges of 80 liters per minute at a pressure of 1 kg (1 Kgf per square centimeter) from the head on the top floor of the building. Was designed to be water dischargeable. Usually, the fire pump is installed at a low position below the ground floor of the building, and water is supplied to each floor using a water supply main pipe that is provided so as to penetrate the building in the vertical direction.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
If the water supply main is always filled with fire-extinguishing water, high pressure based on the water head is applied to the lower part, and it is designed to be within the range of pressure resistance of the equipment used conventionally, but in the pipe due to unforeseen events such as abnormal weather Pressure may increase.
[0004]
Furthermore, there are various grades of pressure resistance of equipment, and it is necessary to install a pressure range according to the equipment to be used without error.
[0005]
In particular, when a large earthquake occurs when the range of pressure resistance is exceeded and a fire may occur after the earthquake, fire extinguishing equipment is disabled, which is a waste of equipment. End up.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the above points, the present invention provides a water supply main pipe to which fire-extinguishing water is fed from a pressurized water supply apparatus that gradually pressurizes by inverter control, and supplies fire-extinguishing water to a plurality of sprinkler heads branched from the water supply main pipe. In a sprinkler fire extinguishing facility provided with a necessary number of branch pipes, a necessary number of lower limit pressure detecting means for detecting a lower limit for limiting the pressure range in each branch pipe, and a pressure range in the water supply main pipe An upper limit pressure detecting means for detecting an upper limit for limiting the pressure, and a required number of normally closed drain valves provided at a connection portion from each branch pipe to the drain pipe. When the pressure detecting means operates, the pressurized water supply device is activated to gradually pressurize the water for fire extinguishing, and when the upper limit pressure detecting means operates, the drain valve is slightly opened. And it is characterized in providing a control means for pressurizing discharge fire extinguishing water slowly.
[0007]
And while maintaining the lower limit pressure necessary for proper water discharge from the sprinkler head, the upper limit pressure is monitored so as not to exceed the operating range based on the pressure resistance of piping equipment, etc., so that the function of the equipment is securely maintained. At the same time, when a fire occurs, water discharge from the sprinkler head can be started appropriately.
[0008]
In addition, each lower limit pressure detecting means is provided with a water discharge upper limit pressure means that functions when the sprinkler head is operated, and the control means reduces the degree of pressurization of the fire-extinguishing water in the pressurized water supply device when the water discharge upper limit pressure means operates. As a result, in the event of a fire, excessive water discharge from the sprinkler head based on the supply of high-pressure fire-fighting water can be prevented and water can be discharged appropriately.
[0009]
Furthermore, since each lower limit pressure detecting means is installed at the end of the branch pipe, if the required pressure at the extreme end is monitored, it will be above the required pressure until then, and the upper limit pressure detecting means will be Since it is installed in the vicinity of the pressurized water supply device of the pipe, it is not necessary to consider the head of water when setting the monitoring pressure.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment using the present invention.
[0011]
In FIG. 1, 11 is a water storage tank, 12 is a fire extinguishing pump constituting a pressurized water supply apparatus, 13 is a rising water supply main pipe arranged vertically in a building, a check valve 14 and a normally open gate valve 15. It is connected to the pump 12 via Reference numerals 21 to 23 are branch pipes branched from the water supply main pipe 13 for each floor, each provided with a plurality of closed-type sprinkler heads 5 and filled with fire-extinguishing water at a predetermined pressure.
[0012]
Motorized valves 31 to 33 are provided at the end portions of the branch pipes 21 to 23 that are branched for each floor, and are adjustable to the opening degree as terminal test valves that are connected to the drain pipe 30 and are normally closed. . In addition to the motorized valves 31 to 33, two-contact type pressure switches 41 to 43 are provided at the end portions of the branch pipes 21 to 23. Is configured to do. Further, a pressure switch 45 is also provided below the water supply main pipe 13 and in the vicinity of the fire pump 12, and on / off of each pressure switch is collected by the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 through a signal line.
[0013]
In addition, a plurality of fire detectors 9 are installed on each floor, and signal lines are provided separately from the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 so that fire information is collected by the fire receiver 95. Yes. Further, a pump control panel 17 that controls a motor 16 that drives the pump 12 is provided.
[0014]
The closed-type sprinkler head 5 may be a normal type, but here, a fast-acting sprinkler head is used for efficient initial fire extinguishing. This fast-acting head has an RTI sensitivity index (sensitivity index based on a thermal time constant measured in hot air flow) of about 40, and a conventional head has a fire detection speed five times faster than about 200. It is a closed type head that operates rapidly with high sensitivity and does not explain the structure in detail, but in the case of a flash type head using solder, solder is arranged in the vicinity of the heat collecting plate, The head is achieved by a structure that prevents heat conduction to other than solder, and in the case of a glass bulb type, a thin glass bulb having a diameter of about 5 mm is used.
[0015]
The fast-acting head 5 is capable of initial fire extinguishing, so fire extinguishing is performed with a small amount of water of 50 liters per minute and regulated discharge, and an effective watering radius is provided by a flat deflector although a protective area is not shown. It is as big as 3.25m.
[0016]
And the pump 12 comprises a pressurized water supply apparatus using the motor 16, the pump control panel 17, etc., and pumps the fire extinguishing water of the water storage tank 11 to the water supply main pipe 13 by pressure. In addition, exhalation devices, pressure relief pipes, test devices, etc. around the pump are omitted. The motor 16 is, for example, a three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor, the rotation speed of which is controlled based on the control of the pump control panel 17, and the water discharge pressure from the sprinkler head 5 is optimal in the range of 1 to 4 km. Can be watered. The rotational speed control of the pump control panel 17 is labor-saving by, for example, switch opening / closing control by an inverter using a thyristor. That is, a three-phase AC power source is converted to DC by a converter and a frequency is adjusted by the inverter. The controlled three-phase alternating current is supplied to the motor 16 via the power line to control the rotational speed, and the pump control panel 17 controls the number of switching operations per unit time of the switch opening / closing control.
[0017]
The number of times of switching is set, for example, for each floor on which the sprinkler head 5 is provided, and is stored in a storage device in the pump control panel 17 (not shown). Then, as a result of collecting information by the sprinkler monitoring panel 19, the floor on which the head 5 is operated is transferred by signal transmission or contact control for each floor via the signal line, and the pump control panel 17 starts the motor 16. And do control.
[0018]
Regarding the activation of the motor 16, an activation signal is transmitted from the fire receiver 95 connected to the fire detector 9 due to smoke or heat provided in each part via a signal line through the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 via the signal line. Input to the pump control panel 17. At this time, the pump control panel 17 is started from a low speed by inverter control, and pressurizes so as not to cause a hammer action based on water supply in the water supply main pipe 13. The fire receiver 95 assigns an individual address to each fire detector 9 and calls the receiver 95 individually to collect a fire signal. The fire detector 95 connects a signal line for each line to the fire detector 9. A receiver of a system may be used as long as the fire information can be transferred to the sprinkler monitoring panel 19.
[0019]
The storage device in the pump control panel 17 stores a desired discharge pressure as well as the number of times of switching for each floor. This discharge pressure is the basis for the number of times the required rotation speed is set, but when this discharge pressure is set, feedback is actually applied when the ratio of the discharge pressure to the rotation speed changes. Can be finely adjusted. Although not shown in detail in the present embodiment, for this purpose, a pressure gauge capable of analog output may be installed in the immediate vicinity of the pump 12 to transmit the discharge pressure of the pump 12 to the pump control panel 17 as a signal.
[0020]
Next, the operation in the above embodiment will be described. Prior to fire monitoring, the fire pump 12 is activated to slowly fill the entire system with fire water from the water tank 11 to the top of the water supply main 13. At this time, water is charged to the terminal motorized valves 31 to 33 together with the sprinkler heads 5 of the respective floors through the branch pipes 21 to 23.
[0021]
Here, since the water can be charged by the fire pump 12 by inverter control, the water level can be gradually raised, and it is not necessary to use an auxiliary booster pump. can do. The completion of charging may be based on the operation of the pressure switch 45 that monitors the pressure in the water supply main pipe 13, but may be at the time when the pressure is increased to a required pressure by the pressure switches 31 to 33.
[0022]
Thus, when monitoring is started, the pressure in the piping system is arranged on the secondary side of each floor with the pressure switch 45 in which the upper limit for monitoring the lower end portion of the water supply main pipe 13 is set, and the lower limit is set. The pressure switches 31 to 33 maintain the predetermined range. The meaning of the lower limit of the pressure switches 31 to 33 is for maintaining a minimum pressure of 1 km required for water discharge from the sprinkler head, and for example, 2 km is set as the contact point setting. . The upper limit of the pressure switch 45 means that the pressure-resistant grade of the material normally used for the piping system is about 14 kg, and the design is made to be 10 kg or less including the water head pressure of the equipment height h. Yes. From that point, for example, 8 km is set as the contact point of the pressure switch 45.
[0023]
When the pressure switch 41 serving as the lower limit is activated in the monitoring state, a signal is raised to the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 and the pump 12 is activated via the pump control panel 17 and the motor 16 to be gradually pressurized. When the operation of the pressure switch 41 stops, the pressurization by the pump 12 is gradually reduced and stopped. Similarly, when the pressure switch 45 serving as the upper limit is activated, similarly, a signal is sent to the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 and the motor-operated valve 33 is slightly opened based on the control of the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 to gradually drain the fire-fighting water. Is slowly exhausted. The drained fire extinguishing water is not wasted because the drain pipe 30 is returned to the water storage tank 11. And if the pressure switch 45 stops an operation | movement, the exhaust pressure by the motor operated valve 33 will be stopped. By repeating these operations, the pressure in the piping system is maintained within a predetermined range. Thus, although pressurization or exhaust pressure can be performed gradually, the motor operated valve 33 may intermittently discharge a predetermined amount of water. If it does so, a pressure state can be confirmed for every water discharge and the prevention of the pressure rising and falling too much during opening and closing operation can be confirmed.
[0024]
Further, when a fire breaks out, water is discharged from the sprinkler head 5, but in reality, the fire detector 9 provided on the ceiling of the fire point is usually highly sensitive. Sends a fire signal to the fire receiver 95. Upon receiving the fire signal, the fire receiver 95 performs a normal fire operation based on the fire signal and transfers a floor signal for identifying the floor where the fire has occurred to the sprinkler monitoring panel 19. The sprinkler monitoring panel 19 that recognizes the floor where the fire has occurred recognizes the operation of the lower limit contact of the pressure switches 41 to 43 on that floor as the start of water discharge of the sprinkler head 5. That is, on the floor where the fire occurs, the pressure in the branch pipes 21 to 23 decreases due to the opening of the sprinkler head 5, the lower limit contacts of the pressure switches 41 to 43 are closed, and the signal is sent to the sprinkler monitoring panel 19.
[0025]
And when a fire occurrence floor is specified, the range which maintains a pressure is performed by the lower limit and upper limit of the pressure switches 41-43 of each floor. The pressure range at this time is a range where water is appropriately discharged from the sprinkler head 5 and is preferably about 1 to 5 km. Therefore, the contact as the upper limit of the pressure switches 41 to 43 is set to 4 km, for example. And by the pressure switches 31-33 by which the upper limit and the lower limit were set in each floor, a water discharge pressure is maintained in the predetermined range appropriate for fire extinguishing. At this time, since the exhaust pressure from the branch pipes 21 to 23 is discharged from the sprinkler head 5, it is not necessary to operate the motor operated valves 31 to 33.
[0026]
Moreover, you may provide a check valve in each position of the water supply main pipe 13 so that the pressure of the branch pipes 21-23 of each floor may be divided. As a result, the pressure range maintained on each floor is the upper limit and lower limit pressures set in the pressure switches 41 to 43, and a proper water discharge pressure is always supplied to each sprinkler head 5 for fire extinguishing. Here, when the pressure resistance itself is lower than the upper limit of the appropriate water discharge pressure based on the material of the piping, it is necessary to set the pressure resistance of the material or the like to the upper limit of the pressure switches 41 to 43. Here, you may provide a check valve directly in each branch pipe 21-23.
[0027]
Here, although not described in detail, since the fire pump 12 can be pressurized by inverter control, the degree of pressurization can be gradually changed at the time of starting and stopping, and the exhaust pressure is also subtle. It is comprised so that a simple adjustment can be performed with the motor operated valves 31-33. When these pressurizations or exhaust pressures are extremely performed, the pressurization / exhaust pressure may be continuously repeated. If the scale of the facility is large and practically possible by on / off control, there is no need for adjustment.
[0028]
In the above embodiment, instead of the pressure switch 45 in which the upper limit of the lower end portion of the water supply main pipe 13 is set, the height h of the equipment is assumed in advance, so if the water head pressure is taken into consideration, the upper side of the water supply main pipe 13 is assumed. A pressure switch 45 may be provided. At this time, a theoretical setting is required. Further, since the piping system of the present embodiment communicates from the top to the bottom, only the pressure switch 41 needs to be set for monitoring the lower limit. Moreover, the pressure switch 41 can be set to three contacts, and an upper limit and a lower limit at the time of monitoring and an upper limit at the time of water discharge can be set.
[0029]
As described above, in the embodiment as described above, the water supply main pipe 13 to which the water for fire extinguishing is supplied from the pressurized water supply apparatus that gradually pressurizes by the inverter control configured by the fire extinguishing pump 12 and the like, and the water supply main pipe 13 are branched. In the sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment provided with the necessary number of branch pipes 21 to 23 for supplying fire-extinguishing water to the plurality of sprinkler heads 5, a lower limit for limiting the pressure range in each branch pipe 21 to 23 is detected. Like the lower limit pressure detecting means such as the lower limit contact of the pressure switches 41 to 43, and the upper limit contact of the pressure switch 45 and the pressure switches 41 to 43 for detecting the upper limit for limiting the pressure range in the water supply main pipe 13. And a necessary number of normally closed drain valves 31 to 33 provided at the connection portion from each branch pipe 21 to 23 to the drain pipe 30, and in a monitoring state. When the lower limit pressure detecting means operates, the pressurized water supply device is activated to gradually pressurize the water for fire extinguishing, and when the upper limit pressure detecting means operates, the drain valves 31 to 33 are slightly opened. Control means for gradually discharging water for fire extinguishing is provided, and the upper limit pressure is monitored so as not to exceed the operating range based on the pressure resistance of piping equipment, etc. while maintaining the pressure necessary for proper water discharge from the sprinkler head 5 Therefore, the function of the facility can be reliably maintained, and water discharge from the sprinkler head 5 can be appropriately started in the event of a fire. In recent years, various materials such as resin piping have been studied, and the above monitoring has an important meaning.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a system diagram schematically showing an embodiment of a system.
[Explanation of symbols]
12 Fire extinguishing pump 13 Water supply main 19 Sprinkler monitoring panel 21, 22, 23 Branch pipe 31, 32, 33 Motorized valve 41, 42, 43, 45 Pressure switch 5 Sprinkler head

Claims (4)

A water supply main pipe to which fire-extinguishing water is fed from a pressurized water supply apparatus that gradually pressurizes by inverter control, and a necessary number of branch pipes for branching from the water main to supply fire extinguishing water to a plurality of sprinkler heads; In sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment with
A necessary number of lower limit pressure detecting means for detecting a lower limit for limiting the pressure range in each branch pipe, an upper limit pressure detecting means for detecting an upper limit for limiting the pressure range in the water supply main pipe, and each of the branches A required number of drain valves that are normally closed and provided at the connection from the pipe to the drain pipe,
Further, in the monitoring state, when the lower limit pressure detecting means operates, the pressurized water supply device is activated to gradually pressurize the water for fire extinguishing, and when the upper limit pressure detecting means operates, the drain valve is slightly A sprinkler fire extinguishing system, characterized in that it is provided with a control means for causing the fire-extinguishing water to open and gradually exhausting the fire-fighting water. A water discharge upper limit pressure unit functioning when the sprinkler head is operated is provided together with each lower limit pressure detection unit, and the control unit reduces the degree of pressurization of the fire-extinguishing water of the pressurized water supply device when the water discharge upper limit pressure unit is operated. 1 sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment. 2. The sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, wherein each lower limit pressure detecting means is installed at an end portion of the branch pipe. The sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment according to claim 1, wherein the upper limit pressure detecting means is installed in the vicinity of the pressurized water supply device of the water supply main.

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