JPH10192439A - Sprinkler fire extinguishing facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce necessity for provision of a pressure tightness and strength resulting from filling a main pipe, etc., for water supply with the water for fire extinction. SOLUTION: Relief valves 31-33 are opened and closed to generate communication of the primary side piping system, consisting of a water supply main pipe 13, etc., to deliver the water for fire extinction, with the secondary side piping system where a sprinkler head 5 for spraying the water for fire extinction is connected, and they 31-33 are maintained closed in the condition that a pressure fluid is encapsulated in the secondary side piping system, and the side from these valves to the primary piping system is decompressed through the main pipe 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sprinkler fire extinguishing system that can surely spray water from a sprinkler head in a fire.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional sprinkler fire extinguishing system,
A fire pump pumping pressurized water to the sprinkler head discharges 80 liters of water per minute from the head of the top floor of the building at a pressure of, for example, 1 kilogram (1 kgf per square centimeter).
It is designed so that 30 water can be discharged at the same time.
Usually, a fire pump is provided at a low position below the ground floor of a building, and supplies water for fire extinguishing to each floor by using a water supply main pipe provided so as to penetrate the building in a vertical direction.

[0003] Conventional sprinkler fire extinguishing systems commonly use a water supply main line combining one or more water supply devices such as a fire extinguishing pump, regardless of the type such as a wet type, a dry type, and a pre-operation type. Conventionally, a water supply main pipe is filled with fire extinguishing water at the required pressure.

[0004]

If the main water supply pipe is always filled with fire extinguishing water, high pressure based on the water head will be applied to the lower part, and conventionally, equipment having a sufficient pressure resistance is used. There will be a cost.

Further, when the water main is filled with water, the weight is felt accordingly, and the building itself needs to have strength to support the water main, and in the event of an earthquake, the weight becomes large due to the weight. Power works, not only for the water supply mains,
The surrounding piping system may be damaged.

In particular, after an earthquake, even though a fire may occur, the fact that fire extinguishing equipment is disabled means that the equipment is wasted.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, the present invention provides a primary piping system to which fire fighting water is supplied and a secondary piping system to which a sprinkler head for sprinkling fire fighting water is connected. An open valve that opens and closes communication with the secondary pipe system, and the open valve maintains a closed state in a state in which the secondary fluid system is filled with a pressure fluid, and the primary pipe system side is connected to the secondary pipe system from the open valve. The pressure is lower than the side.

When a fire occurs, a fire pump as a water supply device is started based on a signal from the fire detection means to recover the pressure of the fire extinguishing water in the primary piping system. Thus, the need for pressure resistance and strength based on the filling of fire extinguishing water can be reduced.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a sprinkler fire extinguishing system utilizing the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a water storage tank, 12 denotes a fire extinguishing pump constituting a pressurized water supply device, 13 denotes a rising water supply main pipe arranged vertically in a building, and a check valve 14 and a normally open water supply main pipe. It is connected to the pump 12 via the gate valve 15. Reference numerals 21 to 23 denote branch pipes which are normally branched from the water supply main pipe 13 for each floor. The branch pipes are respectively connected to open valves 31 to 33 which are wet type automatic alarm devices of a district valve device. On the secondary side, a required number of fast-acting sprinkler heads 5 are provided via secondary pipes 41 to 43, respectively, and fire-extinguishing water is filled to a predetermined pressure. In the fire extinguishing equipment having such a configuration, the branch pipes 21 to 23 and the water supply main pipe 13 and the like constitute a primary piping system from the release valves 31 to 33, and secondary pipes 41 to 43 to which a plurality of sprinkler heads 5 are connected. Constitute the secondary-side piping system.

The water supply main pipe 13 is provided with a return branch pipe 20 for returning the fire extinguishing water to the water storage tank 11 via a pressure reducing valve 18. The pressure reducing valve 18 gradually releases the pressure in the water supply main pipe 13 to the set pressure, and the pressure in the piping system on the primary side of the normally closed open valves 31 to 33 is reduced. . Here, fire extinguishing water is left for starting the fire extinguishing pump 12.
8 may be arranged as a drain valve by completely arranging the water.

The fast-moving sprinkler head 5 has an RTI
Sensitivity index (sensitivity index based on thermal time constant measured in operation of hot air flow) is about 40, and the conventional head has a fire detection speed 5 times faster than about 200. It is a closed type head that operates and its structure is not described in detail.In the case of a flash type head using solder, solder is arranged near the heat collecting plate to prevent heat conduction to other than solder. The head is achieved by a structure. In the case of a glass bulb type, a thin glass bulb having a diameter of about 5 mm is used.

The quick-moving head 5 can extinguish the fire at an initial stage, so that it extinguishes the fire with a small volume of 50 liters per minute and a regulated water discharge. The watering radius is as large as 3.25m.

The open valves 31 to 33 have a function of detecting flowing water for detecting the flow of fire-extinguishing water when the valve body is opened, and a function of monitoring the secondary piping due to erroneous opening of the head or leakage from the piping. Each has.

Although not shown in detail, the opening valves 31 to 33 always seal the primary side and the secondary side by a valve body having a check valve structure, for example. The valve element has a structure in which the pressure sealed in the secondary pipes 41 to 43 acts in the closing direction, so that the valve element always keeps the closed state.

In the event of a fire, the fire pump 12
Is fired, pressurized fire-extinguishing water is supplied to the branch pipes 21 to 23 through the water supply main pipe 13, and the fire-extinguishing water in the secondary pipes 41 to 43 is depressurized based on water sprinkling of the sprinkler head 5. Then, the branch pipes 21 to 23 side have a high pressure, and the valve bodies of the open valves 31 to 33 are easily opened based on the pressure difference, and the fire extinguishing water from the fire extinguishing pump 12 is supplied to the sprinkler head 5.

When the valves of the opening valves 31 to 33 are opened, the fire extinguishing water flows into a flowing water detection chamber (not shown) other than the primary and secondary sides thereof, and the connected pressure switches 66 to 68 for detecting flowing water are set. It operates when the pressure exceeds the set pressure and outputs a running water detection signal.

On the secondary side of the open valves 31 to 33, pressure switches 71 to 73 for monitoring the secondary side piping are connected.
It operates when the pressure falls below the set pressure and outputs a secondary pressure drop signal. This secondary pressure drop signal is output from the secondary pipes 41-41.
This is a comprehensive indication of an abnormality in the entire secondary-side piping system of the release valves 31 to 33 based on water leakage from the valve 43, some erroneous opening of the sprinkler head 5, and the like.

The pump 12 constitutes a pressurized water supply device using a motor 16, a pump control panel 17, and the like, and pumps out fire-extinguishing water in the water storage tank 11 to the water supply main pipe 13. In addition, a priming device and pressure relief piping around the pump,
Test equipment and the like are omitted. The motor 16 is, for example, a three-phase squirrel-cage induction motor, the rotation speed of which is controlled based on the control of a pump control panel 17, and the discharge pressure from the sprinkler head 5 of 0.5 to 4.5 km. Optimal watering can be performed as a range. The rotation speed control of the pump control panel 17 is performed labor-saving by, for example, opening and closing control of a switch by an inverter using a thyristor. The controlled three-phase alternating current is supplied to the motor 16 via the power supply line 94 to control the rotation speed, and the pump control panel 17 controls the number of switching operations per unit time of the opening / closing control of the switch.

The number of times of switching is set, for example, for each floor on which the sprinkler head 5 is provided, and is stored in a storage device in the pump control panel 17 (not shown). Then, as a result of the information collected by the sprinkler monitoring panel 19, the floor on which the running water detection signal is obtained is notified by signal transmission or contact control for each floor via the signal line 91, and the pump control panel 17 The motor 16 is started and controlled via a signal line 94.

Regarding the activation of the motor 16, an activation signal is transmitted via a signal line 99 from a fire receiver 95 connected via a signal line 96 to a fire detector 9 for smoke or heat provided in each section and the like. The signal is input to the pump control panel 17 via the signal line 91 through the sprinkler monitoring panel 19. At this time, the pump control panel 17 is started from a low speed by the inverter control, and fills the water supply main pipe 13 with water so that the hammer action based on the water supply in the water supply main pipe 13 does not occur. The fire receiver 95 collects a fire signal by assigning an individual address to each fire detector 9 and calling the receiver 95 individually. A signal line for each line is connected to the fire detector 9. The receiver may be of any type as long as the fire information can be transmitted to the sprinkler monitoring panel 19.

The storage device in the pump control panel 17 stores a desired discharge pressure as well as the number of times of switching for each floor. This discharge pressure is the basis of the number of switching times at which the required number of rotations is set. By setting this discharge pressure, when the ratio of the discharge pressure to the number of rotations changes, feedback Can be finely adjusted. Therefore, in this embodiment, a pressure gauge 10 capable of analog output is installed in the immediate vicinity of the pump 12, and the discharge pressure of the pump 12 is transmitted to the pump control panel 17 via a signal line 100 as a signal.

The sprinkler monitoring panel 19 is connected via a signal line 98 to a repeater 97 for monitoring and controlling each of the open valves 31 to 33, and an individual address is assigned to each repeater 97. The monitoring panel 19 specifies the repeater 97 based on the address and collects information. The repeater 97 basically detects a secondary pressure drop signal and a flowing water detection signal by a pressure switch.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. Prior to the fire monitoring, the fire pump 12 is started, and the fire extinguishing water in the water storage tank 11 is slowly filled with the fire extinguishing water up to the auxiliary elevated water tank 20 at the top of the water supply main pipe 13. At this time, the fire extinguishing water is charged to the sprinkler head 5 at the end of each floor through the secondary pipes 41 to 43 via the open valves 31 to 33. Here, the release valves 31 to 3
3, the primary side and the secondary side have the same pressure, and the pressure in the lower part secondary pipe 41 is higher than the pressure in the higher part secondary pipe 43 due to the head. Become.

The return branch pipe 2 from the water supply main pipe 13
The pressure reducing valve 18 provided at 0 operates to reduce the pressure inside the water supply main pipe 13. At this time, by setting the flow rate of the pressure reducing valve 18 to be small, there is no problem even when the fire pump 12 is started, if a small amount of wastewater does not hinder the pressurization in the pipe, the exhaust pressure is constantly performed. In addition, since the fire extinguishing water discharged from the pressure reducing valve 18 returns to the water storage tank 11, there is no loss in water volume of the entire fire extinguishing water.

Then, most of the fire-extinguishing water in the primary side piping system is drained into the exhausted water supply main pipe 13 to be in a reduced pressure state, and although not shown in detail, the open valve 3 having a check valve structure is not shown.
Pressure remains only in the fire extinguishing water in 1-33. By monitoring this pressure with the pressure switches 71 to 73,
Comprehensive failure of the secondary piping system can be detected. At this time, return pipes for returning from the secondary side to the primary side are also provided in the open valves 31 to 33, and a predetermined pressure suitable for monitoring the secondary side pressure, for example, 2 kg (2 kgf / cm 2).
A pressure reducing valve that exhausts the pressure up to the pressure may be provided, so that the pressure in the secondary pipes 41 to 43 can be unified to a predetermined pressure, and the settings of the monitoring pressure switches 71 to 73 can be made the same.

As described above, by reducing the pressure in the primary piping system, the weight of the piping system, particularly the water supply main pipe 13, is reduced, and the piping and instruments are not constantly pressurized. It will be a safe fire extinguishing system.
In addition, by leaving a predetermined pressure by the action of the pressure reducing valve 18, a failure in the primary side piping system can be comprehensively detected by the pressure gauge 10. In this case, the sealing performance of the primary side piping system is required, but a pressure switch may be provided near the water supply pipe 13 side of the pressure reducing valve 18 for monitoring.

Then, in this state, if a fire occurs from the lower part of the building, first, the fire detector 9 in the lower part detects the fire and gives its own address to generate a fire signal. The fire receiver 95 receives the fire signal via the signal line 96. Upon receiving the fire signal, the fire receiver 95 determines the floor where the fire occurred based on the address, and transmits the signal to the sprinkler monitoring panel 1 via the signal line 99 for signaling.
9 to output floor-specific signals. Upon receiving this signal, a start signal is input from the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 to the pump control panel 17, and the pump control panel 17 controls the start of the motor 16.
At this time, the pump control panel 17 performs inverter control of the rotation speed of the motor 16 so as to start slowly at first because the water for fire extinguishing is not pressurized and filled in the water supply main pipe 13. Then, a water hammer effect (water hammer phenomenon) accompanying the inflow of high-pressure fire-extinguishing water when the fire-extinguishing pump 12 is started is prevented, and after reducing the impact, the rotation speed of the motor 16 is increased to set a predetermined driving state to fill the fire-extinguishing water. Do.

Then, the rotational speed of the motor 16 is inverter-controlled through the power supply line 94 based on the number of times of switching of the floor of the low-rise section stored in the storage device in the pump control panel 17 (not shown). Then, the discharge pressure of the pump 12 is set to an appropriate pressure for the floor in the low-rise section. As described above, in the present embodiment, the rotation speed of the pump 12 is controlled based on the inverter control of the pump control panel 17, the depressurized water main 13 is pressurized, and the secondary piping system of the opening valve 31 is Water for fire extinguishing is also supplied to the sprinkler head 5 of a fast-acting type that operates during the initial fire and reduces the water discharge pressure from 0.5 to 4.5.
It is possible to perform watering optimally in the kilometer range, and it is possible to minimize damage such as loss due to fire and water damage.

When the fire progresses, the fast-acting sprinkler head 5 releases heat during the initial fire, and fire water in the secondary pipe 41 is first discharged. In the opening valve 31, a valve body (not shown) is opened based on the supply of fire-extinguishing water to the secondary side, and the primary-side fire-extinguishing water is supplied to the secondary pipe 41.
And the fire extinguishing water flows into the flowing water detection chamber (not shown) to operate the pressure switch 66. Upon detecting the operation of the pressure switch 66, the repeater 97 gives its own address and generates a running water detection signal, and the signal line 98
The sprinkler monitoring panel 19 receives the flowing water detection signal via the. When the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 receives the running water detection signal, the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 determines the floor on which the water discharge has started based on the address, and transmits the signal to the fire receiver 95 via the signal line 99 for signaling.
Outputs the water discharge signal to Then, upon receiving the water discharge signal, the fire receiver 95 displays the start of water discharge on the corresponding floor on a panel (not shown).

Here, the fire signal of the fire detector 9 is directly used as a reference signal for determining when the rotation speed of the pump 12 is controlled by the inverter.
The running water detection signals of the third pressure switches 66 to 68 may be used.

Similarly, when a fire occurs in a high section,
First, as in the case of the low-rise section, the fire detector 9 in the high-rise section generates a fire signal, and outputs a floor signal to the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 via the fire receiver 95. Then, the sprinkler monitoring panel 19 sends a start command of the high-rise section to the pump control panel 17, and the pump control panel 17 starts while controlling the rotation speed of the pump 12 by the inverter. Here, similarly to the case of the low-rise section, the pump control panel 17 reads the number of times of switching of the floor of the high-rise section newly stored in the storage device in the pump control panel 17 (not shown) and changes the rotation speed of the motor 16 to the high-rise section. Inverter control to match. Then, the discharge pressure of the pump 12 is set to an appropriate pressure for the floor of the high-rise section. Thus, in the present embodiment, the pump control panel 1
7, the rotation speed of the pump 12 is controlled.

In the above embodiment, the case where the fire extinguishing water is filled in the secondary piping system of the open valves 31 to 33 in correspondence with the wet type sprinkler equipment has been described. A compressor may be prepared in the system and pressurized air may be charged to a predetermined pressure, so that the secondary piping system can be monitored. In addition, in the case of the dry type, the fire extinguishing water in the primary side piping system can be drained, and in a cold region, the protection range of the pipe becomes smaller than that of the conventional dry type. Further, the opening of the release valves 31 to 33 may be a pre-operation type (whether wet or dry) valve based on the signal of the fire detector, and the primary side piping system is pressurized and filled with water at the pre-stage of the fire detector. Then, the opening valve may be opened at the fire stage.

Further, in the above embodiment, the inverter control of the fire extinguishing pump 12 is used to prevent the water hammer action of the water supply main pipe 13. However, in the case of the pump which is started to the rated operation, the predetermined position of the water supply main pipe 13 is set. May be provided with a buffer member (orifice or the like) for receiving a water hammer.

As described above, in the above embodiment, the communication between the primary piping system to which the fire extinguishing water is supplied and the secondary piping system to which the sprinkler head 5 for sprinkling the fire extinguishing water is connected is opened and closed. Open valves 31 to 33 are provided, and the open valves 31 to 33 are kept closed in a state in which a pressure fluid (fire extinguishing water, pressurized air, or the like) is sealed in the secondary piping system. , The pressure on the primary side piping system side is reduced via the water supply main pipe 13.

When a fire occurs, a fire pump 12 as a water supply device is started based on a signal from a fire detection means (a signal from the fire detector 9, a detection of opening of the sprinkler head 5, etc.), and a water supply main 13 The pressure of fire extinguishing water in the primary side piping system may be recovered through the
Third, the need for pressure resistance and strength based on the filling of fire extinguishing water can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram schematically illustrating an embodiment of a system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 13 Water supply main pipe 31, 32, 33 Release valve 41, 42, 43 Secondary pipe 5 Sprinkler head

Claims (1)

[Claims] An opening valve for opening and closing communication between a primary piping system to which fire-extinguishing water is supplied and a secondary piping system to which a sprinkler head for sprinkling fire-extinguishing water is connected, and A fire extinguishing system in which the open valve maintains a closed state in a state where a pressure fluid is sealed in a secondary piping system, wherein the primary piping system side is closer to the primary piping system side than the secondary piping system side from the release valve. Sprinkler fire extinguishing equipment characterized by reduced pressure.