JPH10185148A - Incineration ash chute apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent injection of generated gas in a melting furnace by sensing drop of incinerated ash in a chute by a sensor to generate a drop signal, thereby early sensing material sealing function failure due to a bridging in a hopper. SOLUTION: A chute 3 has a detector 14 for directly sensing drop of incinerated ash to generate a drop signal. The detector 14 has an oscillating element (light emitting unit) 15 and a receiving element (photoelectric tube) 16 provided outside of the chute 3. It generates the signal when dropped incinerated ash in the chute 3 passes between the element 15 and the element 16. The element 16 is electrically connected to a treating unit. A light is emitted from the element 15 to the element 16. When the light is shielded by the incinerated ash dropped in the chute 3, the element 16 does not receive the light. At this time, the signal is generated toward the treating unit. Thus, the unit judges that no bridging (clogging) exists in the chute 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a chute device for dropping and supplying incinerated ash from an incinerator to a melting furnace.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Incineration ash generated in an incinerator is melted in a melting furnace.

[0003] The following incineration ash supply mechanism is known to supply incineration ash to a melting furnace at a constant rate.
That is, the incineration ash supply mechanism includes a hopper connected to the downstream side of the incinerator for temporarily storing the incineration ash, a transfer device connected to the discharge port of the hopper and continuously supplying the incineration ash, It consists of a chute connected between the outlet of the apparatus and the inlet of the melting furnace.

In this incineration ash supply mechanism, after the incineration ash is temporarily stored in a hopper, it is conveyed quantitatively by a conveying device, dropped through a chute and put into a melting furnace.

[0005]

The incineration ash supply mechanism employs a so-called shelf suspension in which incineration ash accumulates on the inner wall of the hopper with foreign matter as a nucleus or incineration ash accumulates on the inner wall due to moisture in the incineration ash. May occur. When shelves are suspended in the hopper, there is a possibility that a problem that the reducing gas generated in the melting furnace is jetted out of the furnace as described below.

A reducing gas such as carbon monoxide (CO) is generated in the space inside the melting furnace. On the other hand, the incineration ash in the hopper functions as a material seal, seals between the upper receiving port and the lower discharging port of the hopper, and traps gas generated in the melting furnace downstream of the hopper.

However, when shelves are suspended in the hopper,
Material seal function may be impaired by incineration ash. When the material sealing function is lost, the gas generated in the melting furnace passes through the lower outlet of the hopper, passes through the upper receiving port, and is ejected out of the furnace. Then, since the gas generated in the melting furnace is toxic, it is dangerous for the human body, and there is a problem that abnormal combustion occurs in the incinerator.

In view of the above, measures for recovering the material sealing function by taking the action of detecting the occurrence of hanging of the shelf in the hopper at an early stage, applying shock, pressure, and vibration to the hanging of the shelf and recovering the material sealing function are taken early. The emission of gas generated in the furnace must be prevented.

Conventionally, a load cell is installed in a hopper, the total weight of the hopper containing the incineration ash is measured, and the amount of the incineration ash supplied to the hopper is controlled.
When the total weight of the hopper is reduced below a predetermined value, the material sealing function in the hopper is lost. Therefore, the incineration ash is thrown into the hopper to restore the material sealing function.

However, this conventional example is effective to some extent for detecting the loss of the material seal function due to an insufficient amount of incineration ash in the hopper, but for detecting the loss of the material seal function due to hanging the shelf in the hopper. Is not valid. This is because the amount of incinerated ash in the hopper does not always decrease significantly when the material seal function is lost due to hanging the hopper on the shelf. It is difficult to detect the loss of the material seal function due to the hanging of the shelf in the hopper depending on the weight change of the hopper.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem of the conventional example. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an incineration ash chute device capable of detecting loss of a material seal function caused by hanging a shelf in a hopper at an early stage and reliably preventing ejection of gas generated in a melting furnace.

[0012]

In order to achieve this object, the present invention is directed to a chute device for dropping and supplying incinerated ash from an incinerator to a melting furnace, and detects that the incinerated ash is falling in the chute. And a detector that emits a fall signal.

When shelving occurs in the hopper, the hopper is clogged, and the amount of incinerated ash falling from the chute decreases. Therefore, since there is no fall signal from the detector, it is known that the incineration ash has not fallen in the chute, and thus it is detected that a shelf hanging has occurred in the hopper.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a chute apparatus for dropping and supplying incinerated ash from an incinerator to a melting furnace, comprising a detector provided at a position above the chute, wherein the detector passes through a space inside the chute. The brightness of the upper surface of the melt in the melting furnace is measured, and it is determined whether the brightness is equal to or more than a predetermined value.

Therefore, when the brightness in the melting furnace is higher than a predetermined value, it is known that incineration ash has not fallen on the chute, and it is detected that a shelf hanging phenomenon has occurred in the hopper.

[0016]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an incineration ash supply mechanism provided with an embodiment of an incineration ash chute apparatus of the present invention and a melting furnace.

The incineration ash supply mechanism includes a hopper 1 for temporarily storing the incineration ash 19, a transfer device 2 connected to the discharge port 5 of the hopper 1, for continuously transferring the incineration ash, and a transfer device 2. And a chute 3 connecting between an outlet 9 of the melting furnace 12 and an inlet 13 of the melting furnace 12.

Here, the hopper 1 is formed with a receiving port 4 and a discharging port 5 at an upper portion and a lower portion, respectively. The receiving port 4 is connected to a downstream side of an incinerator (not shown).

In the present embodiment, the transport device 2 includes a casing 6 formed in a tubular shape extending in the lateral direction, and a screw feeder 7 disposed in the casing 6. It goes without saying that the transfer device of the present invention is not limited to the screw feeder type.

The casing 6 has an inlet 8 and an outlet 9 at the upper end of one end and the lower end of the other end, respectively. The screw feeder 7 is provided to convey the incinerated ash introduced into the casing 6 from the inlet 8 toward the outlet 9. The screw feeder 7 includes a spiral feed blade 11 provided around a rotation shaft 10. The rotating shaft 10 is configured to transmit a rotating force from a rotation driving mechanism (not shown).

The chute 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and is provided for dropping and supplying incinerated ash to the melting furnace 12. The incinerated ash is melted in the melting furnace 12 to become a melt 18.

In the meantime, in the hopper 1, there is a risk that so-called shelves, in which incineration ash accumulates due to foreign matters serving as nuclei on the inner wall and accumulates on the inner wall due to moisture in the incineration ash, cause clogging. . Therefore, in order to prevent the hanging of the shelves, a sieve (not shown) or a dryer (not shown) is installed upstream of the hopper 1 to remove foreign substances in the incinerated ash and to reduce the moisture content in the incinerated ash. It is desirable that the incineration ash be introduced into the hopper 1 after the ash is reduced.

However, since there is still a possibility that shelves may be suspended, the present invention provides
By detecting the incineration ash falling state of the chute 3, clogging in the hopper 1, that is, occurrence of hanging on the shelf is detected.

For this purpose, the chute 3 in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 is provided with detectors 14, 20, 21 for directly detecting that the incineration ash is falling and issuing a fall signal.

First, in the embodiment shown in FIG.
Has a transmitting element 15 and a receiving element 16 provided outside the chute 3. Then, when the falling incineration ash in the chute 3 passes between the transmitting element 14 and the receiving element 15, a falling signal is issued.

The transmitting element 15 and the receiving element 16 constituting the detector 4 include, for example, the following.

First, there is an element in which a light emitting section is provided as the transmitting element 15 and a photoelectric tube is provided as the receiving element 16 so as to face each other. The photoelectric tube, which is the receiving element 16, emits a falling signal when receiving no light and performing no photoelectric action, and stops receiving the light when performing a photoelectric action upon receiving light.

The phototube, which is the receiving element 16, is electrically connected to a processing device (not shown). The processing device
Abnormality (clogging) based on the frequency of the falling signal within a predetermined time
Is programmed to determine the presence or absence of

Light is radiated from the light radiating section as the transmitting element 15 to the photoelectric tube as the receiving element 16. When the light is blocked by the incineration ash falling down the chute 3,
The phototube which is the receiving element 16 does not receive light. At this time, a fall signal is issued to the processing device.

On the other hand, when the incineration ash does not fall on the chute 3 and the light is not blocked, the phototube as the receiving element 16 receives and performs photoelectric conversion. At this time, the falling signal stops.

When the falling signal within a predetermined time is less than a predetermined frequency, the processing device determines that there is a possibility that a shelf is suspended in the hopper 1 and issues an alarm. Then, for example, a material seal function recovery measure such as applying a force such as an impact, a pressure, and a vibration to the hanging of the shelf to make it disappear is taken.

However, as a cause of the incineration ash not dropping sufficiently on the chute 3, the incineration ash may have disappeared in the hopper 1 instead of hanging on a shelf. In that case, incineration ash is supplied to the hopper 1 to restore the material sealing function.

Further, even if it is detected that the incineration ash has not fallen sufficiently on the chute 3, the clogging does not always occur in the hopper 1, but the clogging of the conveying device 2 or the clogging of the passage upstream of the hopper 1. There is also the possibility. In that case, clogging on the upstream side of the transport device 2 and the hopper 1 must be removed.

Even if the light emitting portion is replaced with an infrared emitting portion or an X-ray emitting portion as the transmitting element 15 and the photoelectric tube is replaced with a device which converts infrared rays or X-rays into electricity as the receiving element 16, an example using light can be used. Similar effects can be expected. The same effect can be expected even if the receiving elements 16 are not opposed to each other but attached to the same side as the transmitting element 15 and the reflected light is measured. Of course, the receiving element 16 and the transmitting element 1
In order to prevent dust from adhering, the receiving window and the transmitting window must be periodically rubbed with a wiper, or purge gas must be supplied to the receiving and transmitting holes.

Although the signal is emitted when the incineration ash is falling, the same effect can be obtained by emitting the signal when the incineration ash is not falling. it can.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment. In FIG. 2, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same components as those in FIG.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the detector has a vibration detecting element 20 provided outside the chute 3.
The vibration detection element 20 is specifically a vibration meter.

The vibration detecting element 20 detects the vibration of the chute 3 when the incinerated ash falls in the chute 3, and generates a fall signal. When the incineration ash has not fallen, the amplitude of the vibration is small, so that the falling situation can be known.

Desirably, if a filter (not shown) for picking up only a vibration in a certain range of frequency generated when the incinerated ash falls, detection can be performed with high accuracy. Also, the fall situation can be detected in a similar manner using an acoustic sensor or an accelerometer.

FIG. 3 shows still another embodiment. In FIG. 3, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same components as those in FIG.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the detector comprises a movable damper 21 provided in the chute 3. The movable damper 21 is always urged to a blocking position indicated by a solid line by urging means (not shown) such as a spring.

According to this, when the incineration ash falling in the chute 3 moves the movable damper 21 from the blocking position indicated by the solid line to the passing position indicated by the virtual line with respect to the incineration ash, the predetermined displacement of the movable damper 21 is reduced. It detects and emits a fall signal.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 described above, the detector directly detects that the incineration ash is falling in the chute 3, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the embodiment shown in FIG. The determination may be made from the brightness of the upper surface of the melt 18 in the melting furnace 12 as described above.

In FIG. 4, components having the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same components as those in FIG. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a detector 22 provided at a position above the chute 3, for example, the transfer device 2 is provided.

The detector 22 measures the luminance of the upper surface of the melt 18 in the melting furnace 12 through the internal space of the chute 3 and determines whether the luminance is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. The detector 22 is specifically a luminance meter.

If the sum of the times of brightness equal to or more than a predetermined value exceeds a predetermined value within a certain time, it is determined that there is no incinerated ash on the upper surface of the melt 18, that is, clogging has occurred.

According to the present invention, the radiation temperature of the upper surface of the melt 18 may be measured by using a radiation thermometer instead of the luminance meter, and the falling state of the incineration ash may be determined from the measured temperature.

Using a luminance meter or a radiation thermometer, shoot 3
It is also possible to measure the entire field of view that can be seen through the camera and determine the falling situation by image processing.

[0050]

According to the incineration ash chute apparatus of the present invention described above, the incineration ash is directly detected in the chute, or the luminance of the upper surface of the molten material in the melting furnace is measured to determine the incineration ash. Determine if there is a drop.

Therefore, the loss of the material seal function due to the hanging of the hopper on the shelf can be detected at an early stage, whereby the material sealing function can be recovered by applying a force such as impact, pressure, vibration or the like to the hanging of the shelf. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the gas generated in the melting furnace from being blown out.

Further, it is possible to detect the occurrence of clogging of the incineration ash in all the passages upstream of the chute only by the detector provided in the chute. Therefore, the cost is low and the configuration for detection can be simplified.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an incineration ash supply mechanism and a melting furnace having one embodiment of an incineration ash chute device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view showing an incineration ash supply mechanism and a melting furnace having another embodiment of the incineration ash chute device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view showing an incineration ash supply mechanism and a melting furnace having still another embodiment of the incineration ash chute device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view showing an incineration ash supply mechanism and a melting furnace having still another embodiment of the incineration ash chute apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hopper 2 Transport device 3 Chute 13 Melting furnace 14 Detector 15 Transmitting element 16 Receiving element 19 Incineration ash 20 Vibration detecting element (detector) 21 Movable damper (detector) 22 Detector

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A chute device for dropping and supplying incineration ash from an incinerator to a melting furnace, comprising a detector which detects that the incineration ash is falling in the chute and issues a fall signal. And incineration ash chute equipment. 2. The detector has a transmitting and receiving element provided outside the chute, and emits a falling signal when falling incineration ash in the chute passes between the transmitting and receiving elements. The incineration ash chute device according to claim 1, wherein 3. The detector has a vibration detecting element provided outside the chute, and detects a vibration of the chute when the incinerated ash falls in the chute to generate a fall signal. The incineration ash chute device according to claim 1. 4. The detector has a movable damper provided in the chute, and when the incinerated ash that falls in the chute moves the damper from a blocking position to the incinerated ash to a passing position, the damper is used. 2. The incineration ash chute apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a predetermined displacement of the ash chute is detected and a fall signal is issued. 5. A chute device for dropping and supplying incinerated ash from an incinerator to a melting furnace, comprising a detector provided at a position above the chute, wherein the detector passes through a chute internal space and melts in the melting furnace. The incineration ash chute device is characterized in that the brightness of the upper surface of the incineration ash is measured and it is determined whether or not the brightness is equal to or more than a predetermined value.