WO2013065407A1 - Dust collection device and method for detecting fire in dust collection device - Google Patents

Dust collection device and method for detecting fire in dust collection device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013065407A1
WO2013065407A1 PCT/JP2012/073403 JP2012073403W WO2013065407A1 WO 2013065407 A1 WO2013065407 A1 WO 2013065407A1 JP 2012073403 W JP2012073403 W JP 2012073403W WO 2013065407 A1 WO2013065407 A1 WO 2013065407A1
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Prior art keywords
dust
fire
filter
dust collector
detection sensor
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PCT/JP2012/073403
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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鈴木　崇
佳範 入谷
雅範 内田
功 斎藤
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新東工業株式会社
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Priority to JP2013541670A priority Critical patent/JP6024925B2/en
Priority to CN201280044542.8A priority patent/CN103813834B/en
Publication of WO2013065407A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013065407A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0084—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours provided with safety means
    • B01D46/0091—Including arrangements for environmental or personal protection
    • B01D46/0093—Including arrangements for environmental or personal protection against fire or explosion
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/06—Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/04—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for dust or loosely-baled or loosely-piled materials, e.g. in silos, in chimneys

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a dust collector and a fire detection method in the dust collector, and in particular, when a fire occurs inside the dust collector, the dust collector and the collector capable of quickly and reliably detecting the fire.
  • the present invention relates to a fire detection method in a dust device.
  • a fire may occur inside.
  • a device that removes sparks, etc. is provided in front of the dust collector, or a sensor that detects sparks is provided to stop the dust collector when a spark is detected. Measures are taken.
  • a method for detecting a fire occurring in the dust collector a method using a sensor is generally used.
  • a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the dust collector or a smoke sensor is used.
  • the smoke sensor has a photoelectric sensor arranged in the detection section, but the sensitivity of the photoelectric sensor is lowered even if it is a little dirty. For this reason, in order to operate a smoke sensor normally, it is necessary to clean a detection part regularly. As a result, the smoke sensor has a problem that it takes time and effort for maintenance.
  • Patent Document 1 a dust collector using a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor is also known.
  • Patent Document 1 a dust collector using a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor.
  • the present invention solves the above-described problems of the prior art, and provides a dust collector that can quickly and reliably detect a fire when a fire occurs inside, and a fire detection method in the dust collector. For the purpose.
  • a dust collector that separates the dust from the dust-containing air by sucking dust-containing air containing dust with a blower and passing through a filter, A dusty air chamber into which the sucked dusty air is introduced; and A clean air chamber into which clean air separated from the dust-containing air chamber by the isolation means including the filter and filtered by the filter is introduced; A dust detection sensor disposed on the clean air chamber side, The dust collector characterized by this is provided.
  • the dust collector configured as described above, if the dust collector is normal, no dust is present in the clean air chamber located on the downstream side of the filter. However, when a fire occurs in the dust collector, the filter burns out due to the fire, and dust flows into the clean air chamber on the downstream side of the filter.
  • the dust detection sensor arranged on the air cleaning chamber side
  • the dust detection sensor is a sensor that detects dust by any one method selected from a friction charge method, a light scattering method, and a light transmission method.
  • the dust detection sensor is a sensor that detects filter soot burned out in a fire or dust captured by the filter.
  • the dust collector comprises an exhaust duct connected to an outlet for discharging filtered air;
  • the dust detection sensor is disposed in the exhaust duct.
  • the blower is disposed in the clean air chamber;
  • the dust detection sensor is attached to the blower.
  • the dust collector includes display means for displaying fire detection by the dust detection sensor, or alarm means that is activated by fire detection by the dust detection sensor.
  • a method for detecting a fire in a dust collector that separates the dust from the dust-containing air by sucking dust-containing air containing dust with a blower and passing through a filter, By detecting dust with a dust detection sensor placed in a clean air chamber isolated from a dust-containing air chamber into which dust-containing air containing dust is introduced by the partition including the filter, a fire in the dust collector can be prevented.
  • a fire detection method is provided.
  • the operation of the dust collector is stopped and an inert gas is blown into the device.
  • Such a configuration provides a dust collector that can quickly and reliably detect a fire when a fire occurs inside, and a fire detection method in the dust collector.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of a dust collector 1 having a fire detection function of an embodiment.
  • the dust collector 1 includes a housing 6 in which a blower 2 and a filter 4 are accommodated.
  • a cell plate 8 that divides the internal space of the housing 6 into two is provided.
  • the peripheral edge of the cell plate 8 is connected to the inner wall surface of the housing 6 in an airtight state.
  • the space 10 on the lower side of the cell plate 8 accommodates the filter 4 and communicates with the external space through the intake port 12 and the intake duct 14 attached to the intake port 12.
  • the space 16 above the cell plate 8 accommodates the blower 2 and communicates with the external space by the exhaust port 18 and the exhaust duct 20 attached to the exhaust port 18.
  • the filter 4 is a cylindrical filter made of a flammable material such as paper or cloth, and its upper end is connected to an opening formed in the cell plate 8 in an airtight state. It is arranged so as to hang down in the space 10 below the cell plate 8.
  • the space 10 on the lower side of the cell plate 8 and the space 16 on the upper side of the cell plate 8 are hermetically separated by the separating means constituted by the filter 4 and the cell plate 8.
  • the cylindrical filter 4 has an outer peripheral surface facing the space 10 on the lower side of the cell plate 8 and a space on the inner peripheral surface side communicating with the space 16 on the upper side of the cell plate 8.
  • the dust-containing air which is the outside air containing dust
  • FIG. 12 is introduced into the space 10 below the cell plate 8 through 12
  • the filter 4 passes through the filter 4 from the outer peripheral surface side to the inner peripheral surface side and is filtered by the filter 4 as indicated by an arrow B.
  • the filtered clean air passes through the blower outlet 2a from the inner space of the filter 4 and is introduced into the space 16 above the cell plate 8, and finally, the arrow D
  • the air is discharged out of the dust collector 1 through the exhaust port 18 and the exhaust duct 20.
  • the space 10 below the cell plate 8 becomes the dust-containing air chamber 10 into which dust-containing air containing dust is introduced, and the clean intake air in which the space 16 above the cell plate 8 is filtered by the filter 4 is introduced.
  • the clean air chamber 16 is made.
  • the dust collector 1 includes a dust detection sensor 24 disposed in the exhaust duct 20.
  • the dust detection sensor 24 can detect the burnt filter 4 trapped in the clean air chamber 16 or dust trapped by the filter 4. It is a sensor of a method such as a triboelectric charge method, a light scattering method, or a light transmission method.
  • the friction detection type dust detection sensor 26 which is an example of the dust detection sensor 24, generates charge movement when solid particles contained in the exhaust gas flow contact or pass through the detection probe 26 a. You are taking advantage of that. Then, this charge amount is converted into a current signal, and an instrumentation signal of DC 4 to 20 mA proportional to the dust amount is output. In recent years, this type of sensor has been extremely miniaturized and has excellent maintainability and cost performance.
  • the light scattering type dust detection sensor 28 which is an example of the dust detection sensor 24, emits a laser beam from the light projecting unit 28 a, and when the dust entering from the opening 28 b crosses the laser beam, The fact that the laser beam is dispersed is utilized.
  • the dispersed light is introduced into the light receiving unit 28c, the intensity of the dispersed light is measured, and the dust concentration is measured by the intensity of the dispersed light.
  • the light transmission type dust detection sensor 30, which is an example of the dust detection sensor 24, reflects the light beam emitted from the light projector / receiver 30 a by the reflector 30 b and further receives the light by the light projector / receiver 30 a. It is the structure to do. When dust enters the light path, the light is absorbed and dispersed by the dust and attenuated. The dust detection sensor 30 detects the dust concentration from the correlation between the attenuation rate of the reflected light and the dust concentration. In addition, the sensitivity fall by sensor dirt can be suppressed by installing a transparent plate between the dust passage part of the light projector / receiver 30a and the reflector 30b.
  • the filter 4 or immediately upstream and downstream sides are damaged by a flame at an initial stage.
  • the dust in the dust-containing air chamber 10 of the dust collector 1 and the filter 4 become initial combustion products.
  • the filter 4 burns out and a hole is opened in the filter 4.
  • dust that has adhered to the filter surface, burnt soot of the filter 4, etc. flows into the clean air chamber 16 where no dust exists from the hole formed in the filter 4.
  • Such a method using a dust detection sensor does not require much time for detection like a temperature sensor by detecting minute dust leakage due to filter breakage or burning filter 4 soot. Further, the detection sensitivity is less likely to be dull due to dust contact.
  • a fire is detected by the dust detection sensor 24, the occurrence of fire is displayed on a display means 36 such as a display connected via a controller 34, and an alarm means 38 such as a buzzer or bell is used. An alarm may be generated.
  • the operation of the dust collector is stopped, and an inert gas such as N 2 gas or CO 2 gas is introduced into the dust collector 1 to prevent the spread of fire. preferable.
  • FIG. 6 is a drawing similar to FIG. 1 showing the configuration of the dust collector 40 of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the dust collector 40 of the second embodiment has the same configuration as the dust collector 1 of the first embodiment except for the set position of the dust detection sensor 42. Therefore, only the differences will be described below.
  • the dust detection sensor 42 is disposed immediately downstream of the blower outlet 2a.
  • the impeller blade 2 ′ rotates around the rotation axis extending in the vertical direction in the direction indicated by the arrow B, and sucks outside air from the intake duct 14 as indicated by the arrow A, Exhaust is performed in the direction indicated by the arrow C from the blower outlet 2a extending horizontally in the tangential direction of the rotating impeller blade 2 '.
  • the dust detection sensor 42 is attached to the radially outward position of the blower outlet 2a extending horizontally in the tangential direction of the rotating impeller blade 2 '.
  • a friction charge sensor is used as the dust detection sensor 42.
  • FIG. 8 is a drawing similar to FIG. 1 of the dust collector 50 used in the experiment.
  • the basic configuration of the dust collector 50 is the same as that of the dust collector 40 of the second embodiment, but in addition to the dust detection sensor 42 provided immediately downstream of the blower outlet 2a, temperature sensors 52 and 54 are provided. This is different from the dust collector 40 in that it is attached to the blower inlet and the blower outlet 2a.
  • a fire experiment was performed using such a dust collector 50.
  • the operating conditions of the dust collector 50 are a suction air volume of 30 m 3 / min, a filtration area of 36 m 3 and a filtration speed of 0.83 m / min.
  • the filter 4 is ignited to generate a fire and dust Outputs from the detection sensor 42 and the temperature sensors 52 and 54 were recorded by a data logger.
  • the temperature sensor 52 measured the blower inlet temperature
  • the temperature sensor 54 measured the blower outlet temperature.
  • the temperature detection results of the temperature sensors 52 and 54 are shown in FIG.
  • the dust detection sensor 42 can detect dust in about 1 second after ignition and detect a fire, and its superiority is clear.
  • this invention is not limited to the dust collector of embodiment mentioned above, It can apply widely to the dust collector provided with the combustible filter.
  • Dust collector 2 Blower 4: Filter 6: Housing 8: Cell plate 10: Dust-containing air chamber 16: Clean air chamber 18: Exhaust port 20: Exhaust duct 24: Dust detection sensor

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dust collection device and a method for detecting fire in the dust collection device, whereby fire can be detected promptly and reliably in the event that a fire has ignited inside the device. A dust collection device (1) that separates dust from dust-containing air, by using a blower to suction in dust-containing air that includes dust, and by causing the dust-containing air to pass through a filter. The dust collection device is characterized by comprising: a dust-containing air chamber (10) to which the suctioned dust-containing air is guided; a clean air chamber (16) separated from the dust-containing air chamber by a separation means including the filter (4), and to which cleaned air filtered by the filter is guided; and a dust detection sensor (24) arranged on the clean air chamber side.

Description

集塵装置および集塵装置における火災検出方法Dust collector and fire detection method in dust collector
　本発明は、集塵装置および集塵装置における火災検出方法に関し、詳細には、集塵装置内部で火災が発生した際、その火災の検出を迅速かつ確実に行うことができる集塵装置および集塵装置における火災検出方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a dust collector and a fire detection method in the dust collector, and in particular, when a fire occurs inside the dust collector, the dust collector and the collector capable of quickly and reliably detecting the fire. The present invention relates to a fire detection method in a dust device.
　乾燥した環境下で集塵が行われる乾式集塵装置では、火の粉等の高温物質を含んだダストが吸い込まれると、内部で火災が発生する可能性がある。このような火災を予防するため、集塵装置の前段に火の粉等を払い落とす装置を設ける、あるいは火の粉等を検出するセンサを設けて火の粉が検出された際には集塵装置を停止させるなどの措置が講じられている。 In a dry dust collector that collects dust in a dry environment, if dust containing high-temperature substances such as sparks is inhaled, a fire may occur inside. In order to prevent such a fire, a device that removes sparks, etc. is provided in front of the dust collector, or a sensor that detects sparks is provided to stop the dust collector when a spark is detected. Measures are taken.
　しかしながら、上記措置を講じても、集塵装置内での火災を完全に予防することは困難であるため、発生した火災を迅速かつ確実に検出することが求められている。 However, even if the above measures are taken, it is difficult to completely prevent a fire in the dust collector, so that it is required to detect the fire that has occurred quickly and reliably.
　ここで、集塵装置内で発生した火災を検知する方法として、センサを使用する方法が一般的である。このようなセンサとして、集塵装置内の温度を検出する温度センサ、または煙センサが用いられている。 Here, as a method for detecting a fire occurring in the dust collector, a method using a sensor is generally used. As such a sensor, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the dust collector or a smoke sensor is used.
　しかしながら、火災初期は、集塵装置の空気の温度上昇が小さいため、集塵装置内の温度を検出する温度センサでは、火災初期の温度上昇を検出することができない。この結果、集塵装置内の温度を検出する温度センサでは、集塵装置内の火災を早期に検出することができない、という問題点がある。 However, since the temperature rise of the air in the dust collector is small in the early stage of the fire, the temperature sensor that detects the temperature in the dust collector cannot detect the temperature rise in the early stage of the fire. As a result, there is a problem that a temperature sensor that detects the temperature in the dust collector cannot detect a fire in the dust collector at an early stage.
　また、煙センサは、検出部に光電センサが配置されているが、光電センサは少しの汚れでも感度が低下してしまう。このため、煙センサを正常に作動させるためには、検出部を定期的に清掃する必要性がある。この結果、煙センサには、メンテナンスに手間がかかるという問題がある。 Also, the smoke sensor has a photoelectric sensor arranged in the detection section, but the sensitivity of the photoelectric sensor is lowered even if it is a little dirty. For this reason, in order to operate a smoke sensor normally, it is necessary to clean a detection part regularly. As a result, the smoke sensor has a problem that it takes time and effort for maintenance.
　一方、温度センサと煙センサとを使用した集塵装置（特許文献１）も知られているが、両センサを搭載してもお互いの欠点を完全に補完することができず、有効な手段ではなかった。 On the other hand, a dust collector using a temperature sensor and a smoke sensor is also known (Patent Document 1). However, even if both sensors are mounted, the disadvantages of each other cannot be completely compensated. There wasn't.
特開２００４－２０２００５号公報JP 2004-202005 A
　本発明は、上述した従来技術の問題点を解決し、内部で火災が発生した場合に、迅速かつ確実に火災を検知することができる集塵装置、および集塵装置における火災検出方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the above-described problems of the prior art, and provides a dust collector that can quickly and reliably detect a fire when a fire occurs inside, and a fire detection method in the dust collector. For the purpose.
　本発明によれば、
　粉塵を含む含塵空気をブロアによって吸引しフィルタを通過させることで前記含塵空気から前記粉塵を分離する集塵装置であって、
　前記吸引された含塵空気が導入される含塵空気室と、
　前記フィルタを含む隔離手段によって前記含塵空気室から隔離され、前記フィルタによって濾過された清浄空気が導入される清浄空気室と、
　前記清浄空気室側に配置された粉塵検出センサと、を備えている、
　ことを特徴とする集塵装置が提供される。 According to the present invention,
A dust collector that separates the dust from the dust-containing air by sucking dust-containing air containing dust with a blower and passing through a filter,
A dusty air chamber into which the sucked dusty air is introduced; and
A clean air chamber into which clean air separated from the dust-containing air chamber by the isolation means including the filter and filtered by the filter is introduced;
A dust detection sensor disposed on the clean air chamber side,
The dust collector characterized by this is provided.
　上記構成の集塵装置では、集塵装置が正常であれば、フィルタの下流側に位置する清浄空気室内には粉塵は存在していない。しかしながら、集塵装置内で火災が発生すると、火災によりフィルタが焼損する等して、フィルタの下流側にある清浄空気室内に粉塵が流れ込むことになる。
　上記構成を有する本願発明では、空気清浄室側に配置された粉塵検出センサによって、粉塵が検出されたときには、この粉塵は、火災によりフィルタが焼損した結果、生じたものであると判断することにより、火災の発生を早期に検知することができる。この結果、延焼による被害を最小限に抑えることもできる。 In the dust collector configured as described above, if the dust collector is normal, no dust is present in the clean air chamber located on the downstream side of the filter. However, when a fire occurs in the dust collector, the filter burns out due to the fire, and dust flows into the clean air chamber on the downstream side of the filter.
In the present invention having the above configuration, when dust is detected by the dust detection sensor arranged on the air cleaning chamber side, it is determined that the dust is generated as a result of the filter being burned out by a fire. The occurrence of fire can be detected early. As a result, damage caused by the spread of fire can be minimized.
　本発明の他の好ましい態様によれば、
　前記粉塵検出センサが、摩擦電荷方式、光散乱方式、および光透過方式から選択された何れかの一の方式で粉塵を検出するセンサである。 According to another preferred embodiment of the invention,
The dust detection sensor is a sensor that detects dust by any one method selected from a friction charge method, a light scattering method, and a light transmission method.
　このような構成によれば、使用するセンサが、粉塵による感度低下が少ないため、煙センサ方式のような頻繁なメンテナンスが不要となる。 According to such a configuration, since the sensitivity of the sensor used is small due to dust, frequent maintenance as in the smoke sensor method becomes unnecessary.
　本発明の他の好ましい態様によれば、
　前記粉塵検出センサが、火災で焼損したフィルタの煤、またはフィルタが捕捉していた粉塵を検出するセンサである。 According to another preferred embodiment of the invention,
The dust detection sensor is a sensor that detects filter soot burned out in a fire or dust captured by the filter.
　本発明の他の好ましい態様によれば、
　前記集塵装置が、濾過された空気を排出する排出口に接続された排気ダクトを備え、
　前記粉塵検出センサが、前記排気ダクト内に配置されている。 According to another preferred embodiment of the invention,
The dust collector comprises an exhaust duct connected to an outlet for discharging filtered air;
The dust detection sensor is disposed in the exhaust duct.
　このような構成によれば、粉塵濃度が均一化される排気ダクト内に配置されているので、粉塵濃度の偏り影響を受けることなく、安定した検出が可能となる。 According to such a configuration, since the dust concentration is arranged in the exhaust duct where the dust concentration is made uniform, stable detection is possible without being affected by the bias of the dust concentration.
　本発明の他の好ましい態様によれば、
　前記ブロアが前記清浄空気室内に配置され、
　前記粉塵検出センサが、前記ブロアに取付けられている。 According to another preferred embodiment of the invention,
The blower is disposed in the clean air chamber;
The dust detection sensor is attached to the blower.
　本発明の他の好ましい態様によれば、
　前記集塵装置が、前記粉塵検出センサによる火災検出を表示する表示手段、または前記粉塵検出センサによる火災検出により作動する警報手段を、備えている。 According to another preferred embodiment of the invention,
The dust collector includes display means for displaying fire detection by the dust detection sensor, or alarm means that is activated by fire detection by the dust detection sensor.
　本発明の他の態様によれば、
　粉塵を含む含塵空気をブロアによって吸引しフィルタを通過させることで前記含塵空気から前記粉塵を分離する集塵装置における火災検出方法であって、
　前記フィルタを含む隔壁によって粉塵を含む含塵空気が導入される含塵空気室から隔離された清浄空気室に配置された粉塵検出センサによって粉塵を検出することにより、集塵装置内での火災を検出する、
　火災検出方法が提供される。 According to another aspect of the invention,
A method for detecting a fire in a dust collector that separates the dust from the dust-containing air by sucking dust-containing air containing dust with a blower and passing through a filter,
By detecting dust with a dust detection sensor placed in a clean air chamber isolated from a dust-containing air chamber into which dust-containing air containing dust is introduced by the partition including the filter, a fire in the dust collector can be prevented. To detect,
A fire detection method is provided.
　本発明の他の好ましい態様によれば、
　前記粉塵検出センサにより火災を検出したのち、集塵装置の運転を停止させ、かつ不活性ガスを装置内に吹き込む。 According to another preferred embodiment of the invention,
After detecting a fire with the dust detection sensor, the operation of the dust collector is stopped and an inert gas is blown into the device.
　このような構成によれば、内部で火災が発生した場合に、迅速かつ確実に火災を検知することができる集塵装置、および集塵装置における火災検出方法が提供される。 Such a configuration provides a dust collector that can quickly and reliably detect a fire when a fire occurs inside, and a fire detection method in the dust collector.
本発明の第１実施態様の集塵装置の構成を示す模式的な図面である。It is typical drawing which shows the structure of the dust collector of the 1st embodiment of this invention. 図１の集塵装置に使用される粉塵検出センサの一例を説明する図面である。It is drawing explaining an example of the dust detection sensor used for the dust collector of FIG. 図１の集塵装置に使用される粉塵検出センサの他の例を説明する図面である。It is drawing explaining the other example of the dust detection sensor used for the dust collector of FIG. 図１の集塵装置に使用される粉塵検出センサの他の例を説明する図面である。It is drawing explaining the other example of the dust detection sensor used for the dust collector of FIG. 図１の集塵装置の応用例を示す模式的な図面である。It is typical drawing which shows the application example of the dust collector of FIG. 本発明の第２実施態様の集塵装置の構成を示す模式的な図面である。It is typical drawing which shows the structure of the dust collector of the 2nd embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第２実施態様の集塵装置におけるセンサ取付け位置を説明するためのブロア部分の模式的な平面図である。It is a typical top view of the blower part for demonstrating the sensor attachment position in the dust collector of the 2nd embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施例で使用した集塵装置の構成を示す模式的な図面である。It is typical drawing which shows the structure of the dust collector used in the Example of this invention. 本発明の実施例の結果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the result of the Example of this invention.
　以下に、図面に沿って、本発明の第１実施形態の集塵装置について説明する。
　図１は実施形態の火災検出機能を備えた集塵装置１の模式的な図面である。
　集塵装置１は、内部に、ブロア２およびフィルタ４が収容された筐体６を備えている。
　筐体６の内部空間を２分割するセルプレート８を備えている。セルプレート８の周縁は、筐体６の内壁面と気密状態に接続されている。 Below, the dust collector of 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated along drawing.
FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of a dust collector 1 having a fire detection function of an embodiment.
The dust collector 1 includes a housing 6 in which a blower 2 and a filter 4 are accommodated.
A cell plate 8 that divides the internal space of the housing 6 into two is provided. The peripheral edge of the cell plate 8 is connected to the inner wall surface of the housing 6 in an airtight state.
　セルプレート８の下方側の空間１０は、フィルタ４を収容するとともに、吸気口１２および吸気口１２に取付けられた吸気ダクト１４によって外部空間に連通している。
　一方、セルプレート８の上方側の空間１６は、ブロア２を収容するとともに、排気口１８および排気口１８に取付けられた排気ダクト２０によって外部空間に連通している。 The space 10 on the lower side of the cell plate 8 accommodates the filter 4 and communicates with the external space through the intake port 12 and the intake duct 14 attached to the intake port 12.
On the other hand, the space 16 above the cell plate 8 accommodates the blower 2 and communicates with the external space by the exhaust port 18 and the exhaust duct 20 attached to the exhaust port 18.
　集塵装置１では、フィルタ４は、紙または布などの可燃性の材料により構成された筒状フィルタであり、上端が、セルプレート８に形成された開口に気密状態に接続されることによって、セルプレート８の下方側の空間１０内に垂下するように配置されている。集塵装置１では、セルプレート８の下方側の空間１０とセルプレート８の上方側の空間１６とが、フィルタ４とセルプレート８で構成される隔離手段によって、気密的に隔離されている。そして、筒状のフィルタ４は、外周面がセルプレート８の下方側の空間１０に面し、内周面側の空間がセルプレート８の上方側の空間１６に連通することになる。 In the dust collector 1, the filter 4 is a cylindrical filter made of a flammable material such as paper or cloth, and its upper end is connected to an opening formed in the cell plate 8 in an airtight state. It is arranged so as to hang down in the space 10 below the cell plate 8. In the dust collector 1, the space 10 on the lower side of the cell plate 8 and the space 16 on the upper side of the cell plate 8 are hermetically separated by the separating means constituted by the filter 4 and the cell plate 8. The cylindrical filter 4 has an outer peripheral surface facing the space 10 on the lower side of the cell plate 8 and a space on the inner peripheral surface side communicating with the space 16 on the upper side of the cell plate 8.
　集塵装置１では、ブロア２内のインペラ翼２’がモータ２２によって回転駆動されると、粉塵を含んだ外気である含塵空気が、矢印Ａで示されるように、吸気ダクト１４および吸気口１２を介してセルプレート８の下方側の空間１０に導入され、矢印Ｂで示されるように、フィルタ４を外周面側から内周面側に通過し、フィルタ４によって濾過される。
　さらに、この濾過された清浄空気は、矢印Ｃで示されるように、フィルタ４の内部空間からブロア出口２ａを通り、セルプレート８の上方側の空間１６に導入され、最終的には、矢印Ｄで示されるように、排気口１８および排気ダクト２０を通って、集塵装置１外に排出される。 In the dust collector 1, when the impeller blade 2 ′ in the blower 2 is rotationally driven by the motor 22, the dust-containing air, which is the outside air containing dust, is shown in FIG. 12 is introduced into the space 10 below the cell plate 8 through 12, passes through the filter 4 from the outer peripheral surface side to the inner peripheral surface side and is filtered by the filter 4 as indicated by an arrow B.
Further, as shown by an arrow C, the filtered clean air passes through the blower outlet 2a from the inner space of the filter 4 and is introduced into the space 16 above the cell plate 8, and finally, the arrow D As shown in FIG. 5, the air is discharged out of the dust collector 1 through the exhaust port 18 and the exhaust duct 20.
　この結果、セルプレート８の下方側の空間１０が粉塵を含む含塵空気が導入される含塵空気室１０となり、セルプレート８の上方側の空間１６がフィルタ４で濾過された清浄吸気が導入される清浄空気室１６となる。 As a result, the space 10 below the cell plate 8 becomes the dust-containing air chamber 10 into which dust-containing air containing dust is introduced, and the clean intake air in which the space 16 above the cell plate 8 is filtered by the filter 4 is introduced. The clean air chamber 16 is made.
　さらに、集塵装置１は、排気ダクト２０内に配置された粉塵検出センサ２４を備えている。
　集塵装置１内で火災が発生した場合、粉塵検出センサ２４が、清浄空気室１６側に流入した、焼損したフィルタ４の煤、またはフィルタ４が捕捉していた粉塵を検出することができるセンサであり、摩擦電荷方式、光散乱方式、光透過方式等の方式のセンサである。 Further, the dust collector 1 includes a dust detection sensor 24 disposed in the exhaust duct 20.
When a fire occurs in the dust collector 1, the dust detection sensor 24 can detect the burnt filter 4 trapped in the clean air chamber 16 or dust trapped by the filter 4. It is a sensor of a method such as a triboelectric charge method, a light scattering method, or a light transmission method.
　粉塵検出センサ２４の一例である摩擦電荷方式の粉塵検出センサ２６は、図２に示すように、排出ガス流に含まれる固体粒子が、検出用プローブ２６ａに接触または通過すると、電荷の移動が発生することを利用している。そして、この電荷量を電流信号に換算し、粉塵量に比例したＤＣ４～２０ｍＡの計装信号を出力するものである。この方式のセンサは近年、非常に小型化され、メンテナンス性、コストパフォーマンスに優れたものである。 As shown in FIG. 2, the friction detection type dust detection sensor 26, which is an example of the dust detection sensor 24, generates charge movement when solid particles contained in the exhaust gas flow contact or pass through the detection probe 26 a. You are taking advantage of that. Then, this charge amount is converted into a current signal, and an instrumentation signal of DC 4 to 20 mA proportional to the dust amount is output. In recent years, this type of sensor has been extremely miniaturized and has excellent maintainability and cost performance.
　粉塵検出センサ２４の一例である光散乱方式の粉塵検出センサ２８は、図３に示すように、投光部２８ａからレーザ光線を射し、開口部２８ｂから進入したダストがレーザ光線を横切ると、レーザ光線が分散されることを利用している。
　分散された光は、受光部２８ｃに導入され、分散光の強度が測定され、分散光の強度によってダスト濃度が測定される。 As shown in FIG. 3, the light scattering type dust detection sensor 28, which is an example of the dust detection sensor 24, emits a laser beam from the light projecting unit 28 a, and when the dust entering from the opening 28 b crosses the laser beam, The fact that the laser beam is dispersed is utilized.
The dispersed light is introduced into the light receiving unit 28c, the intensity of the dispersed light is measured, and the dust concentration is measured by the intensity of the dispersed light.
　粉塵検出センサ２４の一例である光透過方式の粉塵検出センサ３０は、図４に示すように、投受光器３０ａから照射した光線を、反射器３０ｂで反射させ、更に、投受光器３０ａで受光する構成である。そして、この光線の経路にダストが進入すると、ダストにより光線が吸収・分散されて減衰することを利用している。
　粉塵検出センサ３０は、反射光の減衰率とダスト濃度の相関からダスト濃度を検出するものである。なお、投受光器３０ａと反射器３０ｂの粉塵通過部との間に透明板を設置することで、センサ汚れによる感度低下を抑えることができる。 As shown in FIG. 4, the light transmission type dust detection sensor 30, which is an example of the dust detection sensor 24, reflects the light beam emitted from the light projector / receiver 30 a by the reflector 30 b and further receives the light by the light projector / receiver 30 a. It is the structure to do. When dust enters the light path, the light is absorbed and dispersed by the dust and attenuated.
The dust detection sensor 30 detects the dust concentration from the correlation between the attenuation rate of the reflected light and the dust concentration. In addition, the sensitivity fall by sensor dirt can be suppressed by installing a transparent plate between the dust passage part of the light projector / receiver 30a and the reflector 30b.
　このような構成を備えた集塵装置１では、集塵装置１の作動中に火災が発生すると、初期段階で、フィルタ４、あるいは直ぐ上流および下流側が火炎により損傷する。その結果、集塵装置１の含塵空気室１０内のダスト、およびフィルタ４が初期の燃焼物となる。さらに燃焼が進むと、フィルタ４が焼損しフィルタ４に穴が開く。この結果、粉塵が存在していない清浄空気室１６に、フィルタ４に形成された穴から、フィルタ面に付着していた粉塵、焼損したフィルタ４の煤等が流入する。 In the dust collector 1 having such a configuration, when a fire occurs during the operation of the dust collector 1, the filter 4 or immediately upstream and downstream sides are damaged by a flame at an initial stage. As a result, the dust in the dust-containing air chamber 10 of the dust collector 1 and the filter 4 become initial combustion products. As combustion further proceeds, the filter 4 burns out and a hole is opened in the filter 4. As a result, dust that has adhered to the filter surface, burnt soot of the filter 4, etc., flows into the clean air chamber 16 where no dust exists from the hole formed in the filter 4.
　清浄空気室１６内での空気流によって、排気ダクト２０に流れ込む空気中で粉塵や煤は、空気と撹拌混合され、空気中に略均一に分布している。したがって、排出ダクト２０内では、場所による粉塵濃度の偏在は少なく、確実に粉塵や煤が確認される。
　このため、排気ダクト２０に粉塵検出センサ２４を設置することにより、確実に安定した火災の検出が可能となる。 In the air flowing into the exhaust duct 20 due to the air flow in the clean air chamber 16, dust and soot are agitated and mixed with the air and are distributed substantially uniformly in the air. Therefore, in the discharge duct 20, there is little uneven distribution of the dust concentration by a place, and dust and soot are confirmed reliably.
For this reason, by installing the dust detection sensor 24 in the exhaust duct 20, it is possible to reliably detect a fire.
　このような粉塵検出センサによる方式では、フィルタ破損による微少の粉塵の漏れ、または焼損したフィルタ４の煤を検知することで温度センサのように検出までに多くの時間を要しない。また、粉塵接触により検出感度が鈍ることも少ない。 Such a method using a dust detection sensor does not require much time for detection like a temperature sensor by detecting minute dust leakage due to filter breakage or burning filter 4 soot. Further, the detection sensitivity is less likely to be dull due to dust contact.
　図５に示すように粉塵検出センサ２４により火災が検出されたときには、制御器３４を介して接続されたディスプレイ等の表示手段３６に火災発生を表示するとともに、ブザーやベル等の警報手段３８により警報を発するように構成してもよい。 As shown in FIG. 5, when a fire is detected by the dust detection sensor 24, the occurrence of fire is displayed on a display means 36 such as a display connected via a controller 34, and an alarm means 38 such as a buzzer or bell is used. An alarm may be generated.
　また、粉塵検出センサ２４により火災が検出されたときには、集塵装置の運転を停止し、Ｎ2ガスやＣＯ2ガスなどの不活性ガスを集塵装置１内に投入し延焼を防止する構成が好ましい。 Further, when a fire is detected by the dust detection sensor 24, the operation of the dust collector is stopped, and an inert gas such as N 2 gas or CO 2 gas is introduced into the dust collector 1 to prevent the spread of fire. preferable.
　次に、本発明の第２実施態様の集塵装置４０について説明する。
　図６は、本発明の第２実施態様の集塵装置４０の構成を示す図１と同様の図面である。
　第２実施態様の集塵装置４０は、粉塵検出センサ４２の設定位置を除き、第１実施態様の集塵装置１と同一の構成を有している。したがって、以下、相違点についてのみ説明する。 Next, the dust collector 40 of the 2nd embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 6 is a drawing similar to FIG. 1 showing the configuration of the dust collector 40 of the second embodiment of the present invention.
The dust collector 40 of the second embodiment has the same configuration as the dust collector 1 of the first embodiment except for the set position of the dust detection sensor 42. Therefore, only the differences will be described below.
　図６に示されているように、集塵装置４０では、粉塵検出センサ４２が、ブロア出口２ａの直ぐ下流側に配置されている。 As shown in FIG. 6, in the dust collector 40, the dust detection sensor 42 is disposed immediately downstream of the blower outlet 2a.
　図７に示されているように、インペラ翼２’は上下方向に延びる回転軸を中心に矢印Ｂで示す方向に回転して、矢印Ａで示されるように吸気ダクト１４から外気を吸引し、回転するインペラ翼２’の接線方向に水平に延びるブロア出口２ａから矢印Ｃで示す方向に排気を行う。この結果、ブロア出口２ａでは、粉塵粒子が、遠心力によって、ブロア出口２ａの半径方向外方側に偏在する。
　このため、粉塵検出センサ４２は、回転するインペラ翼２’の接線方向に水平に延びるブロア出口２ａの径方向外方側位置に取付けられる。この場合、粉塵検出センサ４２として、摩擦電荷方式センサが用いられる。 As shown in FIG. 7, the impeller blade 2 ′ rotates around the rotation axis extending in the vertical direction in the direction indicated by the arrow B, and sucks outside air from the intake duct 14 as indicated by the arrow A, Exhaust is performed in the direction indicated by the arrow C from the blower outlet 2a extending horizontally in the tangential direction of the rotating impeller blade 2 '. As a result, at the blower outlet 2a, dust particles are unevenly distributed radially outward of the blower outlet 2a by centrifugal force.
For this reason, the dust detection sensor 42 is attached to the radially outward position of the blower outlet 2a extending horizontally in the tangential direction of the rotating impeller blade 2 '. In this case, a friction charge sensor is used as the dust detection sensor 42.
　このような構成にしたがってブロア出口２ａの直ぐ下流側に粉塵検出センサ４２を設置することにより、確実に安定した火災の検出が可能となる。 By installing the dust detection sensor 42 immediately downstream of the blower outlet 2a according to such a configuration, it is possible to reliably detect a fire.
　次に、本発明の実施例として行った火災実験について説明する。
　図８は、実験に使用した集塵装置５０の図１と同様の図面である。集塵装置５０は、基本的な構成は第２実施態様の集塵装置４０と同一であるが、ブロア出口２ａの直ぐ下流側に設けられた粉塵検出センサ４２に加え、温度センサ５２、５４が、ブロアの入口とブロア出口２ａとに取付けられている点で、集塵装置４０と相違している。 Next, a fire experiment conducted as an example of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 8 is a drawing similar to FIG. 1 of the dust collector 50 used in the experiment. The basic configuration of the dust collector 50 is the same as that of the dust collector 40 of the second embodiment, but in addition to the dust detection sensor 42 provided immediately downstream of the blower outlet 2a, temperature sensors 52 and 54 are provided. This is different from the dust collector 40 in that it is attached to the blower inlet and the blower outlet 2a.
　このような集塵装置５０を使用して火災実験を行った。
　集塵装置５０の運転条件として、吸引風量３０ｍ3／ｍｉｎ、濾過面積３６ｍ3、濾過速度０．８３ｍ／ｍｉｎとし、この条件での運転中に、フィルタ４に着火して火災を発生させ、粉塵検出センサ４２、および温度センサ５２、５４からの出力をデータロガーで記録した。温度センサ５２でブロアの入口温度を測定し、温度センサ５４でブロアの出口温度を測定した。温度センサ５２、５４での温度検出結果を図９に示した。 A fire experiment was performed using such a dust collector 50.
The operating conditions of the dust collector 50 are a suction air volume of 30 m 3 / min, a filtration area of 36 m 3 and a filtration speed of 0.83 m / min. During operation under these conditions, the filter 4 is ignited to generate a fire and dust Outputs from the detection sensor 42 and the temperature sensors 52 and 54 were recorded by a data logger. The temperature sensor 52 measured the blower inlet temperature, and the temperature sensor 54 measured the blower outlet temperature. The temperature detection results of the temperature sensors 52 and 54 are shown in FIG.
　図９に示すように、温度センサ５２、５４では、着火後、約１２～１３秒が経過した時点で初めて温度上昇が検出されていることが確認できた。
　これに対し、粉塵検出センサ４２では、着火後、約１秒で粉塵を検出し火災を検知することができ、その優位性は明らかであった。 As shown in FIG. 9, in the temperature sensors 52 and 54, it was confirmed that the temperature increase was detected for the first time when about 12 to 13 seconds had elapsed after ignition.
On the other hand, the dust detection sensor 42 can detect dust in about 1 second after ignition and detect a fire, and its superiority is clear.
　なお本発明は上記した実施形態の集塵装置に限定されるものではなく、可燃性のフィルタを備えた集塵装置に広く適用することができるものである。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the dust collector of embodiment mentioned above, It can apply widely to the dust collector provided with the combustible filter.
１：集塵装置
２：ブロア
４：フィルタ
６：筐体
８：セルプレート
１０：含塵空気室
１６：清浄空気室
１８：排気口
２０：排気ダクト
２４：粉塵検出センサ 1: Dust collector 2: Blower 4: Filter 6: Housing 8: Cell plate 10: Dust-containing air chamber 16: Clean air chamber 18: Exhaust port 20: Exhaust duct 24: Dust detection sensor

Claims (8)

  1. 　粉塵を含む含塵空気をブロアによって吸引しフィルタを通過させることで前記含塵空気から前記粉塵を分離する集塵装置であって、
    　前記吸引された含塵空気が導入される含塵空気室と、
    　前記フィルタを含む隔離手段によって前記含塵空気室から隔離され、前記フィルタによって濾過された清浄空気が導入される清浄空気室と、
    　前記清浄空気室側に配置された粉塵検出センサと、を備えている、
    　ことを特徴とする集塵装置。     A dust collector that separates the dust from the dust-containing air by sucking dust-containing air containing dust with a blower and passing through a filter,
    A dusty air chamber into which the sucked dusty air is introduced; and
    A clean air chamber into which clean air separated from the dust-containing air chamber by the isolation means including the filter and filtered by the filter is introduced;
    A dust detection sensor disposed on the clean air chamber side,
    A dust collector characterized by that.
  2. 　前記粉塵検出センサが、摩擦電荷方式、光散乱方式、および光透過方式から選択された何れかの一の方式で粉塵を検出するセンサである、
    　請求項１に記載の集塵装置。     The dust detection sensor is a sensor that detects dust by any one method selected from a friction charge method, a light scattering method, and a light transmission method,
    The dust collector according to claim 1.
  3. 　前記粉塵検出センサが、火災で焼損したフィルタの煤、またはフィルタが捕捉していた粉塵を検出するセンサである、
    　請求項１または２に記載の集塵装置。     The dust detection sensor is a sensor that detects filter dust burned out in a fire, or dust captured by the filter,
    The dust collector according to claim 1 or 2.
  4. 　前記集塵装置が、濾過された空気を排出する排出口に接続された排気ダクトを備え、
    　前記粉塵検出センサが、前記排気ダクト内に配置されている、
    　請求項１ないし３のいずれか１項に記載の集塵装置。     The dust collector comprises an exhaust duct connected to an outlet for discharging filtered air;
    The dust detection sensor is disposed in the exhaust duct;
    The dust collector according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
  5. 　前記ブロアが前記清浄空気室内に配置され、
    　前記粉塵検出センサが、前記ブロアに取付けられている、
    　請求項１ないし３のいずれか１項に記載の集塵装置。     The blower is disposed in the clean air chamber;
    The dust detection sensor is attached to the blower;
    The dust collector according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
  6. 　前記集塵装置が、前記粉塵検出センサによる火災検出を表示する表示手段、または前記粉塵検出センサによる火災検出により作動する警報手段を、備えている、
    　請求項１ないし５のいずれか１項に記載の集塵装置。     The dust collecting device comprises a display means for displaying a fire detection by the dust detection sensor, or an alarm means which is activated by a fire detection by the dust detection sensor;
    The dust collector according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
  7. 　粉塵を含む含塵空気をブロアによって吸引しフィルタを通過させることで前記含塵空気から前記粉塵を分離する集塵装置における火災検出方法であって、
    　前記フィルタを含む隔壁によって粉塵を含む含塵空気が導入される含塵空気室から隔離された清浄空気室に配置された粉塵検出センサによって粉塵を検出することにより、集塵装置内での火災を検出する、
    　火災検出方法。     A method for detecting a fire in a dust collector that separates the dust from the dust-containing air by sucking dust-containing air containing dust with a blower and passing through a filter,
    By detecting dust with a dust detection sensor placed in a clean air chamber isolated from a dust-containing air chamber into which dust-containing air containing dust is introduced by the partition including the filter, a fire in the dust collector can be prevented. To detect,
    Fire detection method.
  8. 　前記粉塵検出センサにより火災を検出したのち、集塵装置の運転を停止させ、かつ不活性ガスを装置内に吹き込む、
    　請求項７に記載の火災検出方法。     After detecting a fire with the dust detection sensor, the operation of the dust collector is stopped and an inert gas is blown into the device.
    The fire detection method according to claim 7.
PCT/JP2012/073403 2011-11-01 2012-09-13 Dust collection device and method for detecting fire in dust collection device WO2013065407A1 (en)

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