JPH10182039A - Elevator device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To ease uncomfortableness of a passenger accompanying drastic change in an air pressure inside a car in a high speed elevator device arranged in a high-rise building and the like. SOLUTION: An air sucking blower 13 and an air discharging blower 14 are arranged in a car 6, and in compliance with an elevating process of an elevator device, an outside air sucking action for sucking the outside air into the car 6 and an inside air discharging action for discharging the inside air of the car 6 to the outside are alternately carried out by means of a controlling means. In this way, a fluctuation ratio of an air pressure inside the car 6 can be lowered, and a time when the air pressure is quickly changed can be shortened, so that uncomfortableness such as stifled ear and dizziness of a passenger can be eased.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device having a height of 50, for example.
The present invention relates to an elevator apparatus suitable for being installed in a high-rise building having a long ascending and descending distance, such as a 0-m-class skyscraper and a 1000-m-class ultra-high-rise building.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Buildings are becoming higher and higher, and elevators are indispensable as means of moving people in the buildings. Also, with the rise of buildings, the elevation distance of elevator equipment naturally increases,
For this reason, there is a strong demand for increasing the elevating speed.

[0003] By the way, even when the passenger gets on an elevator device installed in a building of a normal height, the air pressure in the car suddenly changes as the car moves up and down. It is common for passengers to experience bad ears, such as hearing loss or dizziness. This is especially true for ultra-high-speed elevators for high-rises where the elevator speed is high, the pressure change in the car is large, the middle ear cavity pressure of the passenger cannot follow the change, and ear clogging and dizziness due to compression of the eardrum become severe. There was a problem.

As a countermeasure, there is a method of eliminating the pressure change due to the difference in altitude by pressurizing the entire building at once or by dividing the building into several blocks and pressurizing each block. Kaihei 4-213586
Means such as those disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-97366 are disclosed. Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-54436 discloses a method of balancing the middle ear cavity pressure by applying extra air pressure fluctuation without closing the car.

[0005] However, a method for pressurizing a building is as follows.
Since a large-scale pressurizing device is required and the cost is high, it is often difficult to realize it from the viewpoint of economy. In addition, a method of actively balancing the middle ear cavity pressure is large in individual differences and is always effective. It cannot be said.

Further, as another means, for example,
As shown in JP-A-81162, the air pressure in the car is reduced so that the car is made airtight and the relationship between the air pressure fluctuation in the car and the elevating process of the car is broken, so that the ear is hardly clogged. Methods for adjusting for variability have also been proposed. This method is particularly effective for ultra-high-speed elevators for high-rise buildings with a high speed of ascent and descent. However, since it requires delicate pressure adjustment in the car, cost and technical aspects such as installation of a precision barometer are necessary. There are difficult points. Further, when the car is made airtight, it is necessary to consider ventilation when a passenger is trapped in the car for a long time during a power outage or the like.

[0007]

In a skyscraper having a height of 500 m or a super-high-rise building having a height of 1000 m, the pressure difference between the ground and the top floor becomes remarkable unless the building is pressurized. On the other hand, from the desire to shorten the travel time between the upper floor and the lower floor as much as possible, the elevation speed of the elevator device tends to increase, and when moving rapidly through a large height difference, at a certain elevation speed or more, It is feared that the number of passengers suffering from ear clogging and dizziness will increase rapidly.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem. In an elevator apparatus having a large pressure difference due to an altitude difference between an upper floor and a lower floor and having a high ascending and descending speed, an elevator car is provided. It is an object of the present invention to provide an elevator apparatus that makes it difficult for passengers to get clogged or dizzy by adjusting the internal pressure.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator apparatus having a box-shaped car which rises and lowers, wherein an air blower for sucking external air into the car, and And a control means for controlling the intake blower and the exhaust blower to operate alternately in accordance with the up-and-down stroke of the elevator apparatus.

In this way, the intake air blower and the exhaust blower are controlled to operate alternately in accordance with the up-and-down stroke of the elevator apparatus, and a sudden change in air pressure accompanying a change in the speed of the car of the elevator ascending and descending is controlled. As a result, it is possible to suppress clogging and dizziness of the passenger, and alleviate the discomfort of the passenger.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator apparatus having a box-shaped elevator car which rises and lowers, a blower serving as both an intake and an exhaust, a communication pipe communicating the blower with the car, and the communication pipe through the communication pipe. Switching means for sucking external air into the car, or switching the air in the car to the outside, and using the switching means for intake and exhaust in accordance with the elevating stroke of the elevator apparatus. Control means for alternately controlling the switching.

As a result, similar to the first invention, a sudden change in air pressure accompanying a change in the speed of the elevator car ascending and descending is prevented, so that clogging and dizziness of passengers can be suppressed, and discomfort of passengers can be alleviated. And equipment costs can be reduced.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of an elevator apparatus according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of an installation mode of an elevator apparatus. In this figure, super-high-rise building 1
For example, a hoistway 2 is formed at the left end, and on the right side of the hoistway 2 are a plurality of basement floor halls Hb and a ground floor hall H001 on the first floor to a floor hall H150 on the 150th floor.

A machine room 3 formed at the upper end of the hoistway 2 is provided with a rope type hoisting machine 4, and one side of a main rope 5 wound around a sheave of the hoisting machine 4 is provided on one side. An elevator car 6 formed in a box shape is suspended, and a counterweight 7 is suspended on the other side of the main rope 5. Accordingly, the car 6 moves up and down the hoistway 2 in accordance with the operation of the hoisting machine 4.

A blower 8 is provided on the upper surface of the car 6. This situation is shown in FIG. 2 which is a perspective view of the car 6 as viewed from the outside, where two blowers 8 are provided, one of which functions as an exhaust blower 13 and the other one is It functions as an intake blower 14. That is, the exhaust blower 13 has its intake port 15 and the car 6
The inside of the car 6 is connected to the inside by a communication pipe 9 to exhaust the air in the car 6 to the outside of the car, that is, to the hoistway 2.
On the other hand, the intake blower 14 has its exhaust port 16 and the car 6
The inside and the inside are connected by a communication pipe 9, and air is taken into the car 6 from the hoistway 2 side. Note that FIG.
Reference numeral 2 denotes a door for getting on and off the car 6.

The exhaust blower 13 and the intake blower 14
Each of the motors 11 is driven by a motor 11 provided therein. The operation and stop of each of the motors 11 is controlled by a command from a control device (not shown). Next, the operation of each blower will be described. The exhaust blower 13 and the intake blower 14
As described later, it is preferable to use a high-lift type having a lift of 10 hPa or more.

For example, when the car 6 descends from the top floor side to the ground floor side, in the first half of the entire descending stroke, during the time period when the car 6 has not yet reached the maximum descending speed, only the intake blower 14 is operated. By driving, the indoor pressure of the car 6 is raised higher than the outdoor pressure. Then, in the vicinity of the maximum descending speed, the operation is switched to the operation of only the exhaust blower 13 so that the indoor pressure of the car 6 is made lower than the outdoor pressure. This alleviates a sudden rise in air pressure.

Conversely, when the car 6 rises from the ground floor side to the top floor side, during the first half of the entire climbing process, during the time period when the car 6 has not yet reached the maximum climbing speed, the exhaust air is exhausted. By operating only the blower 13, the indoor pressure of the car 6 is made lower than the outdoor pressure. Then, in the vicinity of the maximum ascending speed, the operation is switched to the operation of only the intake blower 14, and the air pressure in the cabin of the car 6 is made higher than the air pressure outside the car, thereby alleviating a sudden pressure drop.

FIG. 3 shows how the pressure inside the car 6 changes when the car 6 descends in comparison with the conventional elevator apparatus and the elevator apparatus of the present invention.

Therefore, in the conventional elevator apparatus which does not adjust the air pressure in the room of the car 6, the car 6
The air pressure in the room of the car 6 when the vehicle descends changes in an S-shape according to the descending speed curve as shown by a broken line B1 in FIG. 3, and the air pressure rises most rapidly at the maximum descending speed. It is a time zone. Passenger discomfort tends to increase as the pressure rise rate increases and its duration increases, so it is necessary to reduce the pressure rise rate or shorten the time during which the pressure rise is large to alleviate discomfort .

On the other hand, in the elevator apparatus of the present invention, in the first half of the descending operation of the car 6, the intake blower 14 is operated by the control device (not shown), and the car 6
The outside air is introduced into the interior of the car 6 to raise the internal pressure of the car 6 from the outside of the car (the pressure is increased as compared with the internal pressure of the car of the conventional elevator apparatus). Further, in the latter half of the lowering operation, the exhaust blower 13 is operated to exhaust air from the interior of the car 6 to make the inside pressure of the car 6 lower than that of the outside of the car (compared to the inside pressure of the conventional elevator device). 3), the pressure inside the car 6 changes almost linearly as shown by the solid line C1 in FIG. 3, and the time during which the pressure changes rapidly is shortened. It is possible to alleviate discomfort such as clogging and dizziness of passengers.

Similarly, when the car 6 of the elevator system is lifted, the conventional elevator system similarly has a portion in which the air pressure in the car 6 changes suddenly.
In the elevator apparatus according to the present invention, the time during which the atmospheric pressure changes rapidly is reduced by changing the pressure almost linearly. This will be described with reference to FIG. 4 showing a state of a change in the air pressure inside the car 6 when the car 6 rises, in which the conventional elevator apparatus and the elevator apparatus of the present invention are compared. .

That is, in the conventional elevator apparatus, as shown by a broken line B2 in FIG. Although the rate of decrease in the air pressure in the room of the car 6 is slight, it rapidly decreases in the middle part and becomes almost constant at the end of the rise of the car 6.

On the other hand, in the elevator apparatus of the present invention, in the first half of the ascent operation, the exhaust blower 13 is operated to exhaust air from the interior of the car 6 so that the air pressure inside the car 6 is lower than that outside the car. (Lower than the internal pressure of the car of the conventional elevator system). Then, in the latter half of the ascent operation, the intake blower 14 is operated to introduce outside air into the interior of the car 6 to raise the air pressure inside the car 6 from outside the car (compared to the car internal pressure of the conventional elevator apparatus). 4), the pressure inside the car 6 changes almost linearly, as indicated by the solid line C2 in FIG. 4, and the time during which the pressure changes rapidly is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to alleviate discomfort such as clogging of the passengers and dizziness.

The required performance of the blower 8 in the thus configured elevator apparatus of the present invention is determined by the blower air volume-lift pressure curve shown in FIG. In an elevator apparatus having a height difference of 600 m and a maximum elevating speed of 1000 m / min, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the blower lift (pressurization time HU, Since the decompression time HD) is about 10 hPa, the air volume leaking from the car 6 is assumed to be V, and in FIG.
In this case, it is necessary to select a blower with a lifting pressure of 10 hPa.
In addition, although there are also those in which the car 6 of the conventional elevator apparatus is provided with a blower, many of these are low-lift type blowers such as sirocco fans for the purpose of ventilation.
The blower required in the present invention is a high-lift type blower having a higher lift than the blower of the conventional elevator system.
If the height difference or the maximum elevating speed is even greater, it is necessary to use a blower having a lifting pressure of more than 10 hPa.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 6 shows that an inverter 10 for controlling the number of rotations of a motor 11 for driving the blowers 8 (exhaust blower 13 and intake blower 14) is provided for each blower, and that the speed of the elevator is also increased and decreased in addition to the vertical stroke. In response, a control signal is sent to the inverter 10 to control the rotation speed of the motor 11. FIG. 7 shows the performance curve of the blower 8. The performance curve changes depending on the rotation speed, and the lift of the blower 8 changes at the intersection of the performance curve at each rotation speed and the leakage resistance curve from the car 6. can get. Therefore, a control signal from a control device (not shown) is sent to the inverter 10 in accordance with the vertical stroke and the vertical speed of the car 6, and the inverter 10
By controlling the number of revolutions of the motor 11 by the motor, an optimum lift is obtained. By performing such control, the inside of the car 6 during the descent of the car 6 described with reference to FIG. The change in air pressure is shown by the solid line C in FIG.
As shown in 3, the change can be made more linear and the rate of change of the atmospheric pressure can be suppressed. This is the same when the car 6 rises.

In the embodiment described above, the amount of lift of the blower 8 is determined by the airtightness of the car 6 and does not need to be completely airtight. However, in consideration of miniaturization and energy saving of the blower 8, it is more advantageous to obtain a predetermined lift with a smaller air volume. Therefore, an elevator apparatus in which the car 6 is formed in an airtight manner, the airtightness of the car 6 is adjusted, and an open / close valve is attached to the car 6 so as to break the airtight when necessary from the viewpoint of safety will be described. .

FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing another embodiment of the elevator apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 9 shows an airtight car 20, an exhaust blower 13 and an intake blower 14 provided in the car 20, an inverter 10 for changing the rotation speed of a motor of each blower, and an airtightness of the car 20. A control device 22 for controlling the operation of the opening / closing electromagnetic valve 21 and the inverter 10 and the opening / closing electromagnetic valve 21 for adjusting the pressure is shown. In this embodiment, in addition to the control of the exhaust blower 13 and the intake blower 14 by the inverter 10, the on-off solenoid valve 21 is used to close the on-off solenoid valve 21 when the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the car 6 is increased, and When the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vehicle 6 is reduced or when it is desired to eliminate the pressure difference just before the door 12 is opened, the opening / closing solenoid valve 21 is controlled to be opened.

FIG. 10 shows an operation example of the exhaust blower 13, the intake blower 14, and the opening / closing solenoid valve 21 when the car 20 descends. As at the start of the descent, it is necessary to reduce the atmospheric pressure change, and during the period in which the rotation speed of the intake blower 14 is increased, it is necessary to open the on-off solenoid valve 21 and rapidly change the air pressure in the car 20, During the period in which the rotation speed of the intake blower 14 is reduced, the on-off electromagnetic valve 21 is closed. Further, during the period when the car 20 reaches the maximum descent speed and the number of revolutions of the exhaust blower 13 needs to be increased, the opening / closing solenoid valve 21 is opened, and the number of revolutions of the exhaust blower 13 The opening / closing solenoid valve 21 is closed during the period when it is necessary to reduce the pressure. These facts also apply to the control of the exhaust blower 13 and the intake blower 14 as well as the opening / closing solenoid valve 2 when the car 20 rises, based on the same concept.
1 is controlled to open and close.

When the emergency stop such as a power failure occurs, the airtightness of the car 20 is broken by using the solenoid valve which is opened when the power is cut off. The ventilation of the 20 is maintained. Further, when the car 20 is formed airtight, in order to cope with an abnormal situation in which the opening / closing solenoid valve 21 is not opened due to power cut-off, a part of the car has a predetermined pressure difference between the inside and outside of the car. It is preferable to form a thin film portion that ruptures when the pressure exceeds the limit.

FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 show still another embodiment. If not, the exhaust blower 13
In this embodiment, one blower 8 is used for both exhaust and intake, and the car 6 and the blower 8 are connected to each other. A switching valve 25 is provided in the communication pipe 9, and an exhaust opening valve 26 is provided on the intake port 15 side of the blower 8 and an intake opening valve 2 is provided on the exhaust port 16 side.
The valves 25, 26, and 27 are controlled by a control device (not shown).

That is, when air is taken into the car 6,
As shown in FIG. 11, the exhaust port 1 of the car 6 and the blower 8
The switching valve 25 is switched so that the blower 8 is connected to the blower 8.
The intake opening valve 27 is closed and the exhaust opening valve 26 is opened. When the blower 8 is driven in this manner, outside air is taken into the intake port 15 from the exhaust opening valve 26 side, and blows out from the exhaust port 16 into the car 6 through the switching valve 25 and the communication pipe 9. Conversely, when exhausting, the switching valve 25 is switched so as to connect the car 6 to the intake port 15 of the blower 8, and the intake opening valve 27 of the blower 8 is opened to release the exhaust opening valve 2.
6 closes. When the blower 8 is driven in this manner,
The air in the car 6 passes through the communication pipe 9 and the switching valve 25,
The air is discharged from the intake opening valve 27 to the outside via the intake port 15 and the exhaust port 16 of the blower 8.

By using the switching valve 25 in this manner, the suction and exhaust operation can be performed by one blower 8. In this case, the control of the inverter 10 and the opening / closing solenoid valve 21 in accordance with the vertical stroke and the vertical speed of the car 6 is the same as in the above-described embodiment. Therefore, according to this embodiment, even in the case where the elevator speed of the car 6 is high, the air pressure change is averaged by adjusting the air pressure before and after the maximum elevator speed is reached, so that the air pressure change corresponding to the maximum elevator speed is obtained. Since the gradient of the atmospheric pressure change can be reduced and a sudden pressure change can be prevented, discomfort such as clogging and dizziness of passengers can be alleviated.

[0036]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the pressure inside the car is adjusted according to the speed change of the car going up and down, so that the pressure inside the car rapidly changes. And an elevator apparatus capable of alleviating discomfort such as clogging and dizziness of passengers. Therefore, the present invention is particularly useful in an elevator apparatus which is installed in a high-rise building or a super-high-rise building and operated at high speed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of an installation mode of an elevator apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the car of the elevator apparatus according to the present invention as viewed from the outside.

FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the operation of the present invention, showing how the air pressure inside the car changes when the car descends.
FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a conventional elevator apparatus and an elevator apparatus of the present invention in comparison.

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the operation of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a conventional elevator apparatus and an elevator apparatus of the present invention in comparison.

FIG. 5 is a performance curve diagram showing a relationship between a blower air volume and a lifting pressure.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a car according to another embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the outside.

FIG. 7 is a performance curve diagram showing the relationship between the air volume and the lift when the rotation speed of the blower is changed.

FIG. 8 is a view for explaining the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 in which the state of a change in the air pressure inside the car when the car descends is described with reference to a conventional elevator device and this embodiment. FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram shown in comparison.

FIG. 9 is a side view of a car showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a view for explaining the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 in which the state of the atmospheric pressure inside the car when the car descends is described with reference to a conventional elevator device and this embodiment. FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram shown in comparison.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a state at the time of intake in still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 at the time of exhaustion.

[Explanation of symbols]

 6 car 8 blower 9 communication pipe 10 inverter 11 motor 13 exhaust blower 14 intake blower 15 intake port 16 exhaust port

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An elevator apparatus having a box-shaped car that rises and falls, an intake blower that sucks external air into the car, an exhaust blower that discharges air in the car to the outside, and the intake air Control means for controlling the blower for exhaust and the blower for exhaust to operate alternately according to the ascent / descent stroke of the elevator apparatus. 2. An elevator apparatus having a box-shaped elevator car which rises and lowers, wherein a blower for both intake and exhaust, a communication pipe connecting the blower and the car, and a communication pipe through the communication pipe are provided in the elevator car. A switching means for switching to take in the external air or discharge the air in the car to the outside; and control for alternately switching the switching means for intake and exhaust in accordance with the ascending and descending strokes of the elevator apparatus. An elevator apparatus, comprising: 3. The blower lift pressure is at least 10 hP
The elevator apparatus according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the number is equal to or larger than a. 4. The blower according to claim 1, wherein the blower is of an inverter control type, and the number of revolutions of the blower is controlled by an inverter in accordance with a lifting stroke and a lifting speed of the elevator device. Item 4. The elevator apparatus according to any one of Items 3 to 6. 5. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the car is formed airtight. 6. The elevator apparatus according to claim 5, wherein an on-off valve for adjusting the airtightness in the car is provided on the airtight car. 7. The elevator apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the on-off valve has a safety device that automatically opens when the elevator stops such as during a power failure. 8. A part of the airtightly formed car,
The elevator apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the thin film portion is configured to burst when a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the car exceeds a predetermined value.