JPH10176818A - Thermal decomposition reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to pyrolytically decompose waste easily and definitely in uniformity with the input or water content of the waste. SOLUTION: There is provided an inclination adjusting means 27 which adjusts the inclination angle θ of a drum main body 3 in conformity with the supply or water content of waste (a) to be supplied to the drum main body 3. The inclination adjusting means 27 is provided with a supply sensor 30 which detects the supply of the waste (a) or the water content and a hydraulic jack 28 which moves vertically one end side of the drum main body 3 based on a supply detection signal 31 detected with the supply sensor 30 or a water content signal detected with the water content sensor 32.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pyrolysis reactor for heating and pyrolyzing a material to be pyrolyzed by a heating medium, and a pyrolysis reactor equipped with the pyrolysis reactor to produce waste (municipal waste from homes and offices). And other wastes including combustible materials such as general waste, waste plastic, car shredder dust, waste office equipment, electronic equipment, industrial waste such as chemical products, etc.).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a pyrolysis reaction furnace, in which a substance to be thermally decomposed, for example, waste is heated by a heat medium, for example, heated air, and thermally decomposed, supplies the waste from an input portion thereof and pushes it into a screw conveyor or the like. It is pressed into a rotating drum body (body) by means, heated while rotating with the rotation of the drum body, and thermally decomposed to generate a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue. The pyrolysis gas is discharged from the upper part of the discharge part adjacent to the drum body, and the pyrolysis residue is discharged from the lower part of the discharge part.

[0003]

However, when the pyrolyzate such as the waste is charged into the pyrolysis reactor, the temperature of the pyrolyzate rises depending on the input amount and the amount of water contained therein. And therefore the state of pyrolysis is different.

[0004] Assuming that the input amount of the thermal decomposition product is constant, it is necessary to increase the amount of heat supplied to the thermal decomposition product in the thermal decomposition product having a high moisture content (the thermal decomposition product requiring a large amount of heat of thermal decomposition). However, in this case, if the temperatures of the inlet and the outlet on the heated air side are kept constant, the residence time of the decomposition products must be lengthened.

[0005] The same can be said for the case where the input amount of the thermal decomposition product is increased. When the input amount of the thermal decomposition product is increased, the residence time of the thermal decomposition product in the pyrolysis reaction furnace is reduced, and the thermal decomposition reaction time is reduced. There was a possibility that the temperature of the pyrolyzate increased, and thus the pyrolysis was delayed. On the other hand, if the water content is large, a large amount of heat is required for heating and thermal decomposition. In this case, the thermal decomposition product is heated and the residence time in the furnace for thermal decomposition is insufficient, and thermal decomposition is not performed. There is a possibility that the heat will be sufficient, and it is necessary to increase the amount of heat supplied by the heat medium.

[0006] Even if the amount of input of the thermal decomposition product and the water content are constant, it is necessary to lengthen the residence time for thermal decomposition of large-sized refuse such as lumber. It has been difficult for conventional devices to handle this.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to provide a pyrolysis reactor which can easily and surely pyrolyze according to a change in the amount of water to be decomposed and the amount of water. It is to provide a waste treatment device.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for removing a thermally decomposed substance from one end to the other end of a higher position of a body rotating at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to a horizontal direction. While moving, the thermal decomposition of the substance to be thermally decomposed by a heat medium indirectly flowing from the other end side to the one end side of the body to generate a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of non-volatile components. In the cracking reaction furnace, there is provided a tilt angle adjusting means for adjusting a tilt angle of the body in accordance with an amount of water of a thermal decomposition product supplied to the body.

In the pyrolysis reactor, the supply amount of the thermal decomposition product may be changed only to balance with the supply heat amount in accordance with the moisture content of the thermal decomposition product. By adjusting the inclination angle of the body according to the water content and changing the residence time required for the thermal decomposition, the supply amount of the thermal decomposition product can be made constant. Of course, the amount of supplied heat is also increased by increasing the amount of heated air. In this way, the inclination angle of the fuselage is adjusted in accordance with the moisture content of the thermal decomposition product,
The residence time required for the thermal decomposition can be set to the required value, and the balance between the residence time and the amount of heat can be adjusted.

Further, in the above-mentioned pyrolysis reaction furnace, the inclination angle adjusting means includes a sensor for detecting a moisture amount of the pyrolyzate supplied to the body, and a sensor for detecting a moisture amount detected by the sensor. A vertical movement device for raising and lowering one end of the body. The one having a sensor in which the inclination angle adjusting means detects the moisture content of the thermal decomposition product and a vertical movement device for raising and lowering one end of the body based on the moisture content detection signal detected by the sensor is the above-mentioned thermal decomposition. In addition to the action of the reactor, the amount of moisture in the pyrolyzate supplied to the fuselage is detected, and one end of the fuselage is moved up and down based on the moisture detection signal to change the tilt angle of the fuselage easily and easily. I can do it.

The thermal decomposition product is moved from one end to the other end at a higher position of the body rotating at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction, and from the other end to the one end of the body. In a pyrolysis reaction furnace that pyrolyzes the pyrolyzate by a heat medium that is indirectly circulated to generate a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of nonvolatile components, the pyrolysis supplied to the body is performed. It is provided with an inclination angle adjusting means for adjusting the inclination angle of the body in accordance with the supply amount of the object. The one provided with the inclination angle adjusting means for adjusting the inclination angle of the body according to the supply amount of the thermal decomposition product supplied to the body adjusts the inclination angle of the body according to the supply amount of the thermal decomposition product. However, the residence time required for thermal decomposition can be reduced.

Further, in the thermal decomposition reaction furnace, the inclination angle adjusting means includes a sensor for detecting a supply amount of the thermal decomposition product supplied to the body, and a supply amount detection signal detected by the sensor. A vertical movement device for raising and lowering one end of the body. The apparatus having a sensor in which the inclination angle adjusting means detects the supply amount of the thermal decomposition product, and a vertical movement device for raising and lowering one end side of the body based on the supply amount detection signal detected by the sensor is provided by the thermal decomposition method. In addition to the operation of the reactor, the amount of pyrolyzate to be supplied to the fuselage is detected, and one end of the fuselage is moved up and down based on the supply amount detection signal to change the inclination angle of the fuselage easily and easily. I can do it.

A pyrolysis reactor for thermally decomposing the waste with a heat medium to produce a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of nonvolatile components; and a pyrolysis reactor discharged from the pyrolysis reactor. In a waste treatment apparatus having a separation device that separates a residue into a combustible component and a non-combustible component, and a combustion furnace that transfers and burns the pyrolysis gas and the combustible component, the pyrolysis reaction furnace includes: A thermal decomposition reactor according to any one of the above. When the pyrolysis reactor includes any one of the pyrolysis reactors described above, the processing efficiency of the waste disposal apparatus is improved.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a pyrolysis reactor according to the present invention and a waste disposal apparatus provided with the same will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 shown below, the same structure,
The working parts are indicated with the same reference numbers.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a waste treatment apparatus provided with a pyrolysis reactor according to the present invention. The waste treatment apparatus 1 of the present embodiment treats waste a, which is a thermal decomposition product, and the inside of the drum body 3 is maintained in a low oxygen atmosphere at a pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure, and is not shown. Atmospheric leakage is prevented by the sealing device. Waste a such as municipal solid waste is crushed by a twin-screw
It is crushed into 150 mm square or less, and is charged into a horizontal rotary type pyrolysis reactor 2 by a conveyor or the like.

The waste a charged into the charging section 20 of the pyrolysis reactor 2 is supplied to a drum body 3 as a body through a screw feeder 21 having a screw rotated by a motor and a speed reducer 22. The drum main body 3 is installed and rotated at a predetermined inclination angle θ (shown in FIG. 1) with respect to the horizontal direction 26. The pyrolysis reaction furnace 2 moves the waste a from the upper end 4 of the rotating drum body 3 to the other end 5 and at the same time, moves the waste a to the other end 5 of the drum main body 3.
The waste a is indirectly heated by a heat medium, for example, heated air i which flows from the first end 4 to one end 4.

The heated air i the combustion furnace, for example, is heated by a heat exchanger (not shown) disposed on the downstream side of the combustion melting furnace 42 is supplied via the hot air line L _1, the inlet fixed portion 17 Jacket 1 forming the outside of the drum body
6, the waste a is indirectly heated and discharged from the outlet fixing portion 18. On the other hand, waste a
300-600 ° C in the drum body 3, usually 450 ° C
Is heated to such an extent, pyrolyzed and pyrolysis gas G _1, becomes the pyrolysis residue b mainly composed of non-volatile components are separated is fed to the discharge unit 36.

The pyrolysis gas G separated at the discharge part 36
₁ is supplied to the burner 43 of the burning melting furnace 42 via the pyrolysis gas line L _2. Since the pyrolysis residue b discharged from the bottom of the discharge part 36 has a relatively high temperature of about 450 ° C., it is cooled to about 80 ° C. by the cooling device 37, for example, a sieve magnetic separation type, an eddy current type, a centrifugal type or a wind power. It is supplied to a known single or combined separation device 38 such as a sorting type,
Here, the fine-grained combustible component c (including ash) and the coarse-grained non-combustible component d are separated, and the non-combustible component d
9 and reused.

Furthermore, combustible components c is the crusher 40, for example, 1mm milled below, is supplied to the burner 43 of the burning melting furnace 42 through the combustible component line L _3, from the pyrolysis gas line L ₂ the blower 41 supplied with pyrolysis gas G ₁ is burned in a high temperature range of about 1,300 ° C. with the supplied combustion air e from the combustion air line L _4,
The combustion ash generated at this time becomes molten slag f and adheres to the inner wall of the combustion / melting furnace 42, further flows down the inner wall, falls from the bottom outlet 44 into the water tank 45, and is turned into slag.

High-temperature exhaust gas G generated in the combustion melting furnace 42
₂ is a flue gas line L ₅ through a heat exchanger (not shown).
From the waste heat boiler 46 to remove heat by a dust collector 47 and further remove harmful components from an exhaust gas purifier 48,
Via the attraction air blower 49 is discharged from the chimney 50 into the atmosphere becomes low clean gas G ₃ in. Waste heat boiler 46
Is used for power generation by a generator 52 having a steam turbine. Clean part of the exhaust gas G ₃ are cooling device by a cooling gas line L ₆ via a fan 51 37
Supplied to

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a pyrolysis reaction furnace 2 provided in the waste treatment apparatus 1. The residence time of the waste a in the drum main body generally depends on the horizontal direction of the drum main body.
6, the rotation angle n of the drum main body, the diameter D of the drum main body, and the length L of the drum main body. Here, the diameter D of the drum body and the length L of the drum body
Is a constant value once installed. In order to cope with fluctuations in the supply amount of the waste a or the water content without changing the rotation speed n, it is necessary to change the inclination angle θ of the drum main body. By changing the inclination angle θ of the drum body, the residence time during which the waste a moves from the one end 4 to the other end 5 can be changed.

In the pyrolysis reaction furnace 2 according to the present embodiment having such characteristics, the inclination angle θ of the drum main body 3 is adjusted according to the supply amount of the waste a supplied to the drum main body 3 or the water content. An inclination adjusting means 27 is provided. The inclination angle adjusting means 27 includes a supply amount sensor 30 or a moisture amount sensor 32 for detecting a supply amount or a moisture amount of the waste supplied to the drum main body 3, and a supply amount detection signal 31 or a moisture amount detected by these sensors. It has a vertical movement device for moving the one end side 4 of the drum body up and down based on the detection signal 33, for example, a hydraulic jack 28. As the vertical moving device, in addition to the hydraulic jack 28, a known device such as a device using a cam mechanism or a device using a rack and a pinion can be used. The supply amount detection signal 31 or the moisture amount detection signal 33 detected by the supply amount sensor 30 or the moisture amount sensor 32 is input to the controller 34, and further, the operation signal 35 is input from the controller 34 to the control device of the hydraulic jack 28. You. As a support mechanism of one end 4 of the drum body 3,
For example, a rotating ring 7a provided outside the drum body
And a plurality of support rings 8a for supporting the rotating ring 7a.
And a bearing 9a for supporting each of the support rings 8a, and one or more of the support rings 8a of the support rings 8a.
Is supported by a hydraulic jack 28. Further, as the support mechanism on the other end 5 of the drum body 3, for example, a rotating ring 7b provided outside the drum body, a plurality of supporting rings 8b supporting the rotating ring 7b, and each of the supporting rings 8b A supporting bearing 9b. Of course, the support mechanism on the one end 4 and the support mechanism on the other end 5 are mechanisms capable of supporting the drum body in response to a change in the inclination angle θ.

Further, as a rotation driving device of the drum body,
For example, a large external gear 11 provided outside the drum body 3
FIG. 2 includes a pinion 12 that meshes with the large external gear 11, a bearing 13 that supports the pinion 12, and a motor gear 14 that drives the pinion 12.
The relationship between the supply amount of waste or the water content of the waste and the inclination angle θ of the drum body is shown, (A) is a curve diagram showing the relationship between the supply amount of waste and the inclination angle θ, and (B) is a waste product. FIG. 4 is a curve diagram showing a relationship between a water content and an inclination angle θ. The inclination angle θ of the drum body according to the amount of waste supplied or the amount of moisture in the waste
Are predetermined as, for example, straight lines 53 and 54. That is, when the amount of waste supplied or the amount of moisture in the waste is small, the inclination angle θ is set large, and the time during which the waste stays in the drum body is set small. When the amount of waste supplied or the amount of water in the waste is large, the inclination angle θ is set small, and the time during which the waste stays in the drum body is set large. The inclination angle θ is defined by a straight line in the present embodiment, but is not limited to this, and may be a curve, and is set in advance by a test using a test device or an actual machine.

The thermal decomposition reaction furnace 2 according to the present embodiment having the above configuration operates as follows. That is, the drum body 3
Provided with the inclination angle adjusting means 27 for adjusting the inclination angle θ of the drum main body 3 in accordance with the amount of moisture of the waste a supplied to the drum a. The angle θ can be adjusted to provide a necessary and sufficient residence time to pyrolyze a constant supply.

Further, the inclination angle adjusting means 27 detects the moisture content of the waste a by a moisture content sensor 32, and based on the moisture content detection signal 33 detected by the moisture content sensor 32, the one end 4 of the drum main body. The hydraulic jack 28 that moves up and down detects the amount of water in the waste a supplied to the drum body 3 and moves the one end 4 of the drum body 3 up and down based on the moisture amount detection signal 33 to reliably The inclination angle θ of the drum body 3 can be easily changed.

The apparatus provided with the inclination angle adjusting means 27 for adjusting the inclination angle θ of the drum main body 3 in accordance with the supply amount of the waste a supplied to the drum main body 3 is equivalent to the supply amount of the waste a. The inclination angle θ of the drum main body 3 is adjusted in accordance with the above, so that a sufficient residence time necessary for thermal decomposition can be obtained.

Further, a supply amount sensor 30 for detecting the supply amount of the waste a by the inclination angle adjusting means 27, and the one end side 4 of the drum main body based on the supply amount detection signal 31 detected by the supply amount sensor 30. The apparatus having the hydraulic jack 28 for raising and lowering detects the supply amount of the waste a supplied to the drum body 3 and moves the one end 4 of the drum body up and down based on the supply amount detection signal 31 to reliably The inclination angle θ of the drum body 3 can be easily changed.

The pyrolysis reactor 2 according to any of the above.
The waste treatment apparatus 1 provided with the above can improve the treatment efficiency.

[0029]

According to the thermal decomposition reaction furnace of the present invention, thermal decomposition can be easily and reliably performed according to the change in the amount of the decomposition target and the change in the amount of water.

According to the waste disposal apparatus of the present invention, the treatment efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a pyrolysis reactor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a curve diagram showing a relationship between a waste supply amount and a tilt angle, and FIG. 2B is a curve diagram showing a relationship between a waste water content and a tilt angle.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a waste treatment apparatus provided with the pyrolysis reactor of FIG. 1;

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste treatment apparatus 2 Pyrolysis reaction furnace 3 Drum main body (body) 4 One end side 5 Other end side 26 Horizontal direction 27 Inclination angle adjustment means 28 Hydraulic jack (vertical moving device) 30 Supply amount sensor 31 Supply amount detection signal 32 Water The amount sensor 33 water content detection signal 35 the controller 38 separator 42 combustion melting furnace (combustion furnace) G ₁ pyrolysis gas a waste b pyrolysis residue c combustible component d unburned component i heated air (heat medium) theta Tilt angle

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A thermal decomposition product is moved from one end to the other end at a higher position of a body rotating at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to a horizontal direction, and from the other end to one end of the body. In a pyrolysis reaction furnace that pyrolyzes the pyrolyzate by a heat medium that is indirectly circulated to generate a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of nonvolatile components, the pyrolysis supplied to the body is performed. A pyrolysis reactor comprising: a tilt angle adjusting means for adjusting a tilt angle of the body in accordance with a water content of the object. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle adjusting means is configured to detect a moisture content of the thermal decomposition product supplied to the body and a moisture content detection signal detected by the sensor. A pyrolysis reaction furnace, comprising: a vertical movement device for raising and lowering one end side of a body. 3. The thermal decomposition product is moved from one end to the other end of a higher position of the body rotating at a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction, and from the other end to the one end of the body. In a pyrolysis reaction furnace that pyrolyzes the pyrolyzate by a heat medium that is indirectly circulated to generate a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of nonvolatile components, the pyrolysis supplied to the body is performed. A pyrolysis reactor, comprising: a tilt angle adjusting means for adjusting a tilt angle of the body according to a supply amount of a substance. 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the inclination angle adjusting means is configured to detect a supply amount of the thermal decomposition product supplied to the body and a supply amount detection signal detected by the sensor. A pyrolysis reaction furnace, comprising: a vertical movement device for raising and lowering one end side of a body. 5. A pyrolysis reactor for thermally decomposing waste with a heating medium to generate a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue mainly composed of non-volatile components, and the pyrolysis discharged from the pyrolysis reactor. In a waste treatment apparatus having a separation device that separates a residue into a combustible component and a non-combustible component, and a combustion furnace that transfers and burns the pyrolysis gas and the combustible component, the pyrolysis reaction furnace includes: A waste treatment apparatus comprising the pyrolysis reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 4.