JPH10173503A - On/off detecting circuit for bidirectionally controllable switching means, on/off detecting circuit, on/off detecting circuit for bidirectionally controllable switching means, and on/off detecting circuit for bidirectionally controllable switching means - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To lower the total 0N voltage and to reduce the number of components without impairing bidirectivity by connecting 1st and 2nd bidirectional controllable switches in series so that both their controllable directions are opposite, connecting a current path in parallel in the same direction to either of both the control directions, and detecting a current. SOLUTION: A transistor(TR) 2 which is unidirectionally or bidirectionally controllable and a diode 5 are connected reversely in parallel. A TR 3 and a diode 6 are connected reversely in parallel and also connected in series so that both the control directions are opposite to each other, forming a bidirectionally controllable switching means. Further, the collector of the TR 2 is connected from the emitter of the TR 2 through a parallel circuit of a diode 7, a resistance 9, the emitter of a TR 4, and a resistance 10, and a DC power source to form the current path. Here, the DC power source 1, TRs 2 and 4, diodes 6 and 7, and resistances 9 and 10 form an ON/OFF detecting circuit which detects the TR 2 turning ON or OFF.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A first aspect of the present invention relates to a two-way controllable switching means which is capable of being controlled in two directions.
The present invention relates to an "on / off detection circuit of a two-way controllable switching means" that requires a small total on-voltage including an off detection unit and a small number of components. The second and fourth inventions provide a total on-voltage including an on / off detection unit when detecting on / off of controllable switching means (eg, various transistors, various thyristors, mechanical contact switches, etc.). The present invention relates to an “on / off detection circuit” that requires only a small size. The third invention is the second
The present invention relates to a two-way controllable “on / off detection circuit of a two-way controllable switching means” using the present invention. The fifth invention provides four non-controllable switching means (eg, diode, 2
Terminal selenium rectifier, etc. The present invention relates to a "two-way controllable switching means on / off detection circuit" for detecting on / off of a two-way controllable switching means using a bridge connection type rectifier circuit in which a bridge connection is made.

A mechanical switch that is manually turned on and off (controlled), a contact relay that is turned on and off by an electromagnetic coil, and a semiconductor switch that can only be turned on (for example,
Ordinary thyristor etc. ), Conventional on / off detection of on / off of controllable switching means such as a semiconductor switch capable of on / off control (eg, various transistors, GTO thyristors, SI thyristors, etc.). FIGS. 2 to 33 show 32 examples of the detection circuit. In any circuit, when the switch 31 (controllable switching means) is turned on, a current path means (a series circuit of the DC power supply 1 and the resistor 10) through which a current for on / off detection flows is formed, and the on / off state thereof is set. A diode 6 is connected to the switch 31 so that the detection
(First non-controllable switching means) are connected in series,
The current path means is provided with current detection means (transistors 4, 33, 36, 37, etc.) for detecting the presence or absence of the on / off detection current. For this reason, even if the switch 31 is a one-way controllable two-way switching means (for example, a reverse conducting thyristor, a MOS-FET having a built-in diode, etc.) in which the switch 31 is controllable in only one direction, it is not controllable in two directions. Even two-way controllable switching means (eg, a triac, etc.) is limited to one direction.

In the circuits shown in FIGS. 2 to 10 and FIGS. 13 to 15, depending on the configuration of a main circuit (not shown) in which a series circuit of the switch 31 and the diode 6 is incorporated, the current path means (DC) The diode 7 (second non-controllable switching means) may be connected so that the main circuit current does not flow backward to the power supply 1 or the like. In short, the diodes 6, 7 prevent the ON / OFF detection operation and the main circuit operation from affecting each other. Also, when detecting the on / off of the controllable switching means having a self-holding function such as a thyristor, if it is desired to turn it off naturally by natural arc extinguishing, at least from the start to the end of turn-off. It is necessary to make the on / off detection current smaller than the holding current value so as not to latch up.

In each of the circuits shown in FIGS. 18 to 33, a switched means (switched switch load connected between both ends of a series circuit of a diode 32 or a switch 31 and a diode 6; not shown; example: DC) A series circuit such as a power supply and a load, etc.) is also one component of the current path means as described above. For example, when the main circuit (not shown) applies zero voltage or forward voltage to the diode 32 when the switch 31 is turned on in each of the circuits in FIGS. 18 to 33, the on / off detection current becomes The current flows through the switch 31 via the diode 32. If the main circuit applies a reverse voltage to the diode 32, the ON / OFF detection current flows through the switch 31 via the switched means. Then, FIG. 7, FIG.
Normally ON MO like each circuit of FIG. 23 and FIG.
When an S.FET or the like is used for current detection, the result of ON / OFF detection is output according to the magnitude of the ON resistance. Also, other resistance means (eg, constant current means, etc.) can be used instead of the resistor 9 or 10, and other non-controllable switching means (eg, a collector and a base can be used instead of the diode 6 or 7). A connected bipolar transistor, a drain / back gate, and a source / back gate, each of which is rendered non-conductive by a reverse bias, and a MOS / FET in which the drain and the gate are connected, can be used.

FIGS. 34 to 45 show twelve examples of conventional two-way controllable switching means in which two one-way or two-way controllable two-way switching means are connected in series. In each of the circuits shown in FIGS. 34 to 37 and the like, two "one-way controllable reverse-conduction type bidirectional switching means" in which one diode is connected in parallel to each transistor in the opposite direction to its controllable direction are configured. Further, the two bidirectional switching means are connected in series in opposite directions. 44 to 45 are the same. FIG.
In each circuit of FIG. 39, one diode is built in each transistor, so that each transistor is a "reverse conducting two-way switching means controllable in one direction". In each of the circuits shown in FIGS. 40 to 43, two normally-on junction type FETs or SITs which are "bidirectional controllable bidirectional switching means" are connected in series in opposite directions. However, junction type FET, SIT and M of four terminals
In the case of OS / FET, the drain functions as a source and the source functions as a drain even if the drain and the source are exchanged.
Even if a reverse bias is applied between the sources, a reverse voltage applied between one drain and the source may cancel the reverse bias voltage between the gate and the source, and one may be turned on. However, since the other is kept off, it is eventually off as a whole and there is no problem. Another two-way controllable switching means that performs its function by itself is a triac. Note that in each of the circuits of FIGS.
OFF) When controlling, the control electrodes are connected to each other directly or via a resistance means as shown in each figure. Alternatively, using a transformer as in the circuit of FIG. 55 described later, or using a photo coupler as in the circuit of FIG. 56 described later, or using a piezo coupler or the like (not shown) in two directions. At the same time, ON / OFF control is performed.

Here, using the above-described conventional on / off detection circuit, on / off is detected in one direction or each direction or two directions of the two-way controllable switching means as shown in FIGS. FIG. 46 to FIG. 7 show 30 examples of the "two-way controllable switching means on / off detection circuit".
It is shown in FIG. Although the two circuits of FIGS. 51 and 53 are very similar, the connection location of the negative power supply terminal of the DC power supply is different.
Further, in the circuit of FIG. 53, the diode 107 is necessary when the transistors 15 and 16 are separately turned on and off. This is because the diode 107 prevents the main circuit current from flowing from the diode 6 via the diode 107 side to the transistor 15 via the diode 32 on the upper side of the figure when only the transistor 15 is on. In the case of the circuit shown in FIG. 53, the on / off detection current always flows through one diode 32. Therefore, the voltage of the on / off detection power supply must be increased as compared with the case of the circuit shown in FIG. There is a disadvantage that it does not. The same applies to both circuits in FIGS. 59 and 60.

The two "on / off detection circuits of the two-way controllable switching means" shown in FIGS. 47 and 48 have a symmetrical relationship with respect to the voltage polarity or the voltage direction. Is replaced one by one by controllable switching means (eg, a PNP transistor for an NPN transistor) having a complementary relationship with each other, and each component (eg, DC power supply, diode, etc.) having a voltage polarity or a voltage direction is replaced. If the direction is reversed, it becomes the other. The same applies to two bidirectional controllable switching means shown in FIGS. 34 to 45. As described above, it is natural that there are always circuits and embodiments that have a symmetrical relationship with respect to voltage polarity or voltage direction with respect to conventional circuits and embodiments of the present invention described later.

[0008]

However, as described above and as shown in the respective circuits of FIGS. 74 to 75, the two-way controllable switching means which can be controlled in two directions by one like a triac, When trying to detect off, or when trying to detect on / off of reverse conducting controllable switching means, such as a MOSFET with a built-in diode, the two-way impairment will be lost. There is one problem. (First problem) In this case, a function that can be controlled in two directions is wasted, or the number of parts increases as a two-way switching unit.

The second problem of the "two-way controllable switching means that the total on-voltage including the on / off detection part becomes large" is a conventional two-way controllable switching means as shown in FIGS. It is in the ON / OFF detection circuit of the switching means. (Second problem) Since the non-controllable switching means (diode 5 or 6) must be connected in series to the controllable switching means for detecting on / off, the total on-voltage is increased by the forward voltage. turn into. For example, if the total ON voltage is small, the energy loss can be reduced, or the power supply voltage can be saved by a small amount, so that a power supply of a small voltage can be used, and a load can be used by a small amount (not shown). ) Can be increased.

A third problem of "the number of components is large" is in the conventional on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means as shown in FIGS. If the number of parts is small, the configuration becomes simpler, the number of connection points is reduced, the circuit space is small, and the cost of parts and the manufacturing cost are reduced. (Third problem)

[0011]

Therefore, in the first invention, when the two-way switching means is used, the two-way switching is not impaired, the total on-voltage including the on / off detector is small, and the number of parts is small. It is an object of the present invention to provide a "two-way controllable on / off detection circuit for switching means".

[0012]

[Problems to be Solved by Second and Fourth Inventions] FIG.
To ON as can be seen from the ON / OFF detection circuits in FIG.
Controllable switching means (switch 3
1) Always non-controllable switching means (diode 6)
Must be connected in series, so that the forward voltage of the non-controllable switching means is added to the on-voltage of the controllable switching means, so that the "total on-voltage including the on / off detection unit increases". There is a problem that. For example, if the total ON voltage is small, the energy loss can be reduced, and the power supply voltage can be saved by a small amount, so that a power supply with a small voltage can be used, or the voltage that can be supplied to a load or the like by a small amount can be increased. You can do it.

[0013]

Accordingly, it is an object of the second and fourth inventions to provide an "on / off detection circuit" which requires a small total on-voltage including an on / off detection unit. And

[0014]

It is another object of the present invention to provide a two-way controllable "on / off detection circuit of a two-way controllable switching means" using the second invention.

[0015]

[Problems to be solved by the fifth invention] FIG. 163 shows a conventional "on / off detection circuit of two-way controllable switching means" using a bridge connection type rectifier circuit in which four non-controllable switching means are bridge-connected. An example is shown. This circuit utilizes "a circuit having a symmetrical relationship with respect to the voltage polarity or voltage direction with the circuit of FIG. 18". When the switch 31 is turned on, the on / off detection current flows from the DC power supply 1 through the resistor 9 and the like through the diode 132 or the DC power supply 1 and the diode 32 through the resistor 9 and the like.
And "switched means (not shown) connected to both switch terminals as described above". Then, there is an advantage that the DC power supply 1 can be directly connected to one switch terminal.
(Reference: WO 88/01804, Japanese Patent Application No. 62-50)
Fig. 8 of 4708, etc. ) But that's why
Since the off detection current flows through the diode 32 or 132, there is a problem that the voltage of the on / off detection power supply must be increased by the forward voltage.

[0016]

A fifth object of the present invention is to provide an "on / off detection circuit of a two-way controllable switching means" which can reduce the voltage of an on / off detection power supply as compared with the prior art.

[0017]

That is, the first invention provides a bidirectional first and second controllable switching means in which one or two directions are controllable so that both controllable directions are opposite to each other. A first current path means connected in series and supplying a first current is connected in parallel to the first controllable switching means so as to have the same direction in both of the controllable directions. An on / off detection circuit of a two-way controllable switching means provided with first current detection means for detecting the presence or absence of the flow of the first current. However, when the first or second controllable switching means has a self-holding function and is turned off by a natural arc extinction or the like, the first current does not cause the latch-up to be left alone. The magnitude of the first current must be smaller than its holding current value at least when it is turned off.

Thus, the second controllable switching means functions as a conventional non-controllable switching means necessary for detecting the ON / OFF state of the first controllable switching means. For this reason, since the first and second controllable switching means, which are two-way switching means, are connected in series, the respective two-way characteristics do not need to be impaired.
(First Effect) Further, since one non-controllable switching means which has been connected in series to the first controllable switching means can be omitted, the total ON voltage including the ON / OFF detection unit can be reduced. The number of parts can be reduced. (Second,
Third effect)

When the first invention corresponds to the on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means according to claim 5,
If the second controllable switching means is a field-effect type or an electrostatic induction type having a small on-resistance, a variable channel resistance type, a variable resistance type or a conductivity modulation type having a small on-voltage, the second controllable switching means may be configured as the second controllable switching means. When the second controllable switching means functions as the non-controllable switching means with respect to the first controllable switching means, the voltage drop is not a forward voltage but an on-voltage. Can be further reduced.
(Additional effects)

When the first invention corresponds to the on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means according to claim 6,
Since the first controllable switching means functions like the conventional non-controllable switching means necessary to detect the ON / OFF of the second controllable switching means, On / off can be detected, and as a result, an on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means for detecting on / off of each controllable switching means can be configured. (Additional Effect) The presence of the first and second current path means does not impair the two-way controllable switching function. Further, when the first or second controllable switching means has a self-holding function and is turned off by a natural arc extinction or the like, it is latched up by the second current according to claim 6. The magnitudes of the first and second currents must be smaller than their holding current values at least at the time they turn off so as not to leave them unattended.

When the first invention corresponds to the on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means according to claim 7,
The number of parts can be further reduced. (Additional effects)

When the first invention corresponds to the on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means according to claim 7 or 8, it is possible to detect whether it is off in either direction.
(Additional effects)

When the first invention corresponds to the on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means according to claim 9,
If the first controllable switching means is a field-effect type or an electrostatic induction type having a small on-resistance, or a variable channel resistance type, a variable resistance type or a conductivity modulation type having a small on-voltage, the second controllable switching means is used. When the first controllable switching means functions as the non-controllable switching means with respect to the second controllable switching means, the voltage drop is not a forward voltage but an on-voltage. Can be further reduced.
(Additional effects)

[0024]

That is, the second invention comprises a first controllable switching means, a field effect type, an electrostatic induction type, a variable channel resistance type, a variable resistance type, and a conductivity modulation type. Bidirectional second controllable switching means having controllable directions are connected in series such that both controllable directions are opposite to each other, and a unidirectional first current path means for supplying a first current is provided. A first current detecting means connected in parallel to the first controllable switching means so as to be in the same direction in both the controllable directions, and a first current detecting means for detecting the presence or absence of the flow of the first current; An on / off detection circuit provided with simultaneous control means for simultaneously controlling on / off of the controllable switching means. However, when the first or second controllable switching means has a self-holding function and is turned off by a natural arc extinction or the like, the first current does not cause the latch-up to be left alone. The magnitude of the first current must be smaller than its holding current value at least when it is turned off.

With this configuration, the second controllable switching means operates in the same manner as the conventional non-controllable switching means necessary for detecting the on / off state of the first controllable switching means. If the two controllable switching means are not of the reverse conduction type, such as a MOSFET having a built-in diode, the voltage drop is not a forward voltage as in the conventional non-controllable switching means but an ON voltage.
Alternatively, even when the second controllable switching means is of a reverse conducting type such as a MOS-FET having a built-in diode, the same applies when the on-voltage is smaller than the forward voltage of the built-in diode. Therefore, if the ON voltage is sufficiently small and the ON voltage is smaller than the forward voltage of the conventional non-controllable switching means within the range of the current flowing through the second controllable switching means, the ON / OFF detection unit Can be reduced.
(Effect)

An on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means according to a thirteenth aspect corresponds to the third invention, and
It is configured using the on / off detection circuit of the invention.

[0027]

That is, the fourth invention comprises a first controllable switching means, a field effect type, an electrostatic induction type, a variable channel resistance type, a variable resistance type, and a conductivity modulation type. Bidirectional second controllable switching means whose direction is controllable are connected in series so that both controllable directions are opposite to each other, and non-controllable switching means is connected to this series circuit with the former controllable direction. A current path means connected in parallel in the opposite direction and supplying a current in the direction of the non-controllable switching means is connected in parallel to a series circuit of the first controllable switching means and the non-controllable switching means, An on / off detection circuit provided with current detection means for detecting the presence / absence of flow, and simultaneous control means for simultaneously controlling on / off of the controllable switching means. However, when the first or second controllable switching means has a self-holding function and is turned off by a natural arc extinction or the like, at least the first or second controllable switching means is so controlled as to prevent it from being latched up by the current. At the point when the transistor turns off, the magnitude of the current needs to be smaller than the holding current value.

With this, the second controllable switching means functions like the conventional non-controllable switching means necessary for detecting on / off of the first controllable switching means. If the two controllable switching means are not of the reverse conduction type, such as a MOSFET having a built-in diode, the voltage drop is not the forward voltage as in the conventional non-controllable switching means but the ON voltage. Alternatively, even when the second controllable switching means is of a reverse conducting type such as a MOS-FET having a built-in diode, the same applies when the on-voltage is smaller than the forward voltage of the built-in diode. Therefore, if the ON voltage is sufficiently small and the ON voltage is smaller than the forward voltage of the conventional non-controllable switching means within the range of the current flowing through the second controllable switching means, the ON / OFF detection unit Can be reduced.
(Effective
Fruit)

[0029]

That is, in the fifth invention, the controllable switching means is connected between both rectification output terminals of a bridge connection type rectifier circuit in which four non-controllable switching means are bridge-connected to supply a current. A two-way controllable switching means is an on / off detection circuit in which a current path means in two directions is connected in parallel in the same direction between both rectified output terminals thereof and current detection means for detecting the presence or absence of the current is provided. However, when the controllable switching means has a self-holding function and turns it off by natural arc extinction or the like, at least when it is turned off so that it does not remain latched up by the current. Therefore, the magnitude of the current needs to be smaller than the holding current value.

By this, the current path means is directly connected in parallel with the controllable switching means, and the current flows directly to the controllable switching means without passing through any of the non-controllable switching means. The voltage of the power supply for on / off detection, which is one component of the means, can be made lower than before. (Effect)

[0031]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiment of FIG. 1 corresponds to the on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means according to the first invention of the first invention,
Each corresponds to each of the above-described components as follows. a) “The transistor 2 and the diode 5 are connected in anti-parallel” and “the transistor 3 and the diode 6 are connected in anti-parallel” are the first and second controllable switching means described above. b) Each direction from the collector to the emitter of each of the transistors 2 and 3 corresponds to each controllable direction described above. c) The current path from the emitter of the transistor 2 to the collector of the transistor 2 via the diode 7, the resistor 9, the parallel circuit of the emitter junction (base-emitter PN junction) of the transistor 4 and the resistor 10 and the DC power supply 1 to the collector of the transistor 2 is described above. For one current path means. d) A parallel circuit of the transistor 4 and the resistor 10 serves as the first current detecting means described above.

The DC power supply 1, the transistors 2, 4, the diodes 6, 7 and the like and the resistors 9, 10 constitute an on / off detection circuit for detecting the on / off of the transistor 2, and the transistors 2, 3 and the diode 5, 6 constitutes "two-way controllable switching means in which two reverse conducting controllable switching means are connected in series such that both controllable directions are opposite to each other". Instead of the "parallel circuit of the transistor 2 and the diode 5" and the "parallel circuit of the transistor 3 and the diode 6", each of the controllable switching means is a junction type FET, MOS-FET, SIT, SI thyristor, reverse conduction type. Thyristor, reverse conduction type IGB
Any type of "two-way controllable switching means, one-way or two-way controllable" such as T, MOS-FET used as a two-way switch, triac, etc. can be used regardless of whether it is normally on or normally off. Also, a PNP transistor can be used with a common base as in the circuit of FIG. 3 instead of the transistor 4 with a common emitter, and a junction FET, G
MO of TBT, normally on or normally off
Any controllable switching means having a self-turn-off function irrespective of normally-on and normally-off, such as S-FET, IGBT, SIT, and SI thyristor, can be used. Further, instead of the “parallel circuit of the transistor 3 and the diode 6”, an N-channel junction FET, GTBT, normally-on or normally-
Use two-way (eg, reverse conduction type, reverse conduction type, two-way controllable type) controllable switching means such as an off MOSFET, SIT, SI thyristor, etc., between this gate and the base of transistor 2. Adjust the forward bias voltage such as a bidirectional voltage drop means (eg, a resistor, a Zener diode, two Zener diodes connected in series in reverse direction, etc.), or distribute the forward bias current. If the bias adjusting means for adjusting the bias is connected, the embodiment of FIG. 1 can be adapted to the on / off detection circuit of the second invention. Then, if the turning off of the transistor 3 is delayed even if the transistor 2 is turned off, the on / off detecting current (the resistance 9 of the resistor 9) depends on a switch load or the like (not shown) connected between both collector terminals. Current) flows through the transistor 3 via the switch load or the like, so that the OFF detection is delayed.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 76 is an embodiment of the first invention, and corresponds to the on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means according to claim 6 and utilizes the embodiment of FIG. . Since the first and second current path means described above are connected in opposite directions, their presence does not impair its two-way controllable switching function.

In each embodiment of the first invention shown in FIG. 77 to FIG. 81, an IGBT or a thyristor and a diode connected in anti-parallel are used as the first and second controllable switching means described above. It is not necessary for the two IGBTs to be of the same channel type as in the embodiment of 78. In short, it is only necessary that both controllable directions are opposite to each other. In the embodiment of FIG. 80, two photo couplers
The GBT is insulated and driven.

Each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 82 to 84 is an embodiment of the first invention, and is a two-way controllable switching means which can be controlled in two directions.
GBTs connected in anti-parallel ". FIG. 82 to
In each embodiment of FIG. 83, control terminals (gate terminals) are connected to each other via a bias adjusting means such as a resistor as shown by a dotted line in each figure to adjust a forward bias voltage, or
The distribution of the forward bias current may be adjusted so that the reverse-conducting or two-way controllable two-controllable switching means can be simultaneously turned on or turned on or off, or the embodiment shown in FIG. A drive signal may be input between both gate terminals as described above.

FIGS. 85, 87 to 96, 98 to 10
Each embodiment shown in FIG. 0 is an embodiment of the first invention. In each embodiment, as shown by a dotted line in each figure, control terminals are directly connected to each other or by using a bias adjusting means such as a resistor, or a transformer or the like. If an insulated driving means such as a photocoupler or the like can be used to simultaneously control the reverse conduction type, the reverse conduction type, or the two-way controllable controllable switching means at the same time, these embodiments provide the second invention. This is also an embodiment of the present invention. In the case of such simultaneous ON control, if the controllable switching means for detecting ON and OFF is of a reverse blocking type, these embodiments will not be the embodiments of the first invention. Note that V1 and V6 shown in each of FIGS. 98 and 99 represent potentials, which are maintained at potentials at which no current flows between the drain and the back gate and between the source and the back gate. There is no.

Each embodiment shown in FIGS. 86, 97, 101, 103, 112 to 113 is an embodiment common to the first and second inventions. The potential V1 is the same as described above. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 86, for example, the controllable switching means for detecting the on / off of the transistor 22 is used. However, if the turn-off of the transistor 21 is delayed even if the transistor 22 is turned off, both switch terminals ( Depending on the operating state of a switch load (not shown) connected between the two drain terminals, an on / off detection current flows through the transistor 3 via the switch load.
OFF detection is delayed.

FIG. 102, FIG. 104 to FIG. 111, FIG.
Each embodiment shown in FIG. 115 to FIG. 115 is an embodiment of the second invention.
110 is the embodiment of FIG. 108, the embodiment of FIG. 111 is the embodiment of FIG. 109, and the embodiment of FIG.
The embodiment of FIG. 115 is a switching circuit using the embodiment of FIG. 115, and the embodiment of FIG. 115 is a switching circuit using the embodiment of FIG.

Each of the embodiments shown in FIGS.
It is an Example of an invention. In these embodiments, the controllable switching means for detecting ON / OFF may be of the reverse blocking type. In each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 116 to 118, the transistors 14, 29, and 12 are controllable switching means for which on / off detection is desired.
If the turn-off of the transistors 13, 30, 11 is delayed even if the transistor is turned off, the on / off detection current flows directly through the transistors 13, 30, 11 so that the detection of the off-state is delayed. In addition, the potential V of each embodiment of FIGS.
1 is the same as described above. Further, in each of the embodiments shown in FIGS.
The built-in diode of the FET acts as the anti-parallel non-controllable switching means described above. 125 to 12
6 corresponds to the embodiment of FIG. 124, and FIGS.
Embodiment 9 is a switching circuit using the embodiment of FIG. 127, respectively.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 130 uses two "on / off detection circuits of the two-way controllable switching means" of the first invention and uses the two-way controllable switching means part 2
One of them is a switching circuit having a three-terminal switch function, which is connected in series between both terminals of the AC power supply, and has a function of preventing a short circuit of the AC power supply due to simultaneous turning on of the two-way controllable switching means. Your turn on is blocked as long as the opponent is on. Of course, a DC power supply may be used instead of the AC power supply. Further, the "on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means" of the first invention is referred to as "6.
And the two-way controllable switching means
A switching circuit having a three-terminal switch function for three-phase AC, which is connected in series between both terminals of the AC power supply one by one, is also possible.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 131 uses two "on / off detection circuits of the second invention" or "on / off detection circuits of the two-way controllable switching means of the first or third invention". A switching circuit having a terminal switch function, which has a function of preventing a short circuit of a DC power supply due to simultaneous turning on of two-way controllable switching means. Your turn on is blocked as long as the opponent is on. still,
The back gate of each MOS • FET may be connected to the positive power supply terminal or the negative power supply terminal of the DC power supply without connecting to the source as in the embodiment of FIG. 157 described later. Also, if it is desired to turn off the output transistor of each photocoupler quickly, see JP-A-60-1703.
No. 22, JP-A-62-132423, JP-A-62-1
No. 72812-3, JP-A-63-99616, JP-A-63-153916, JP-A-1-41316, JP-A-1-120913, JP-A-1-130566, JP-A-1-135828 and the like. Photos that have been disclosed
What is necessary is just to use a coupler.

Each of the embodiments shown in FIGS.
A switching circuit having a three-terminal switch function to which the embodiment of FIG. 104 which is an embodiment of the present invention is applied, has a function of preventing a short circuit of a DC power supply due to simultaneous turning on of both controllable switching means.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 135 is a switching circuit having a three-terminal switch function to which the embodiment of FIG. 122, which is an embodiment of the fourth invention, is applied. Has a function to prevent. An embodiment (derived embodiment) in which another controllable switching means is used one by one in place of each MOS.FET (two in the center of the figure) for which ON / OFF detection is performed is of course also possible. Further, the back gate of the N-MOS on the lower side of the figure may be reconnected to the plus or minus power supply terminal of the DC power supply on the lower side of the figure, or the back gate of the P-MOS on the upper side of the figure may be connected to the DC power supply on the upper side of the figure. It may be connected again to the plus or minus power supply terminal.

Each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 132 to 135 or each of the derived embodiments derived therefrom is used to connect both gate terminals thereof to FIGS. 5 to 12 and 22 of Japanese Patent Application No. 7-319464.
31 to 107, FIGS. 107 to 158, and 160 to 165, various logic circuits of CMOS can be connected to form various logic circuits. The same can be said for the embodiments of FIGS. 156 to 157 to be described later.

Each embodiment of the second invention shown in FIGS. 136 to 154 is a switching circuit or various logic circuits. The embodiment of FIG. 136 is an application of the embodiment of FIG. 110 or FIG. 111, and the configuration of the NPN, both NMOSs, and the resistor of FIG.
This is the same as the configuration of S and the resistor. This is because the base-emitter PN junction of the PNP and the built-in diode of the P-MOS in FIG. 136 are connected in anti-parallel, and this parallel circuit can always conduct in two directions. The same applies to other embodiments. Embodiments further derive from the connection of each back gate to its source, to a positive high potential, or to a negative low potential.

Each of the embodiments of the second invention shown in FIGS. 155 to 159 is a switching circuit having a (power supply) short-circuit prevention function to which the embodiment of FIG. 86 is applied. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 86, if NPN is replaced by NMOS and the NMOS and PMOS21 and 22 are connected in series between both ends of the DC power supply, the NMOS is turned on while PMOS22 is on. -ON is blocked. Furthermore, the N-MO
The embodiment shown in FIG. 156 is designed to prevent the P-MOS 22 from being turned on while S is on.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 160 detects on / off of a two-way controllable switching means using a bridge connection type rectifier circuit in which four non-controllable switching means (eg, diodes, etc.) are connected in a bridge. The "on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means" is an embodiment of the fifth invention. The on / off detection current flows directly to the switch 31 without any of the four non-controllable switching means forming the bridge-connected rectifier circuit. Therefore, the voltage of the DC power supply 1 can be smaller than that of the conventional circuit shown in FIG. Moreover, the ON / OFF detection of the switch 31 is not affected by the turn-on delay or the turn-off delay of the non-controllable switching means.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 161, when the switch is off, each switch terminal (each open terminal connected to each diode) and each gate terminal are insulated from each other. This is an on / off detection circuit for performing detection, which is an embodiment of the sixth invention. The embodiment shown in FIG. 162 is a two-way controllable switching means that uses the embodiment of FIG. 161 to insulate between each switch terminal (each open terminal connected to each diode) and each gate terminal when off. The "on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means" for detecting the on / off state of the switch is an embodiment of the sixth invention. In both cases, such insulation is not impaired by the addition of the on / off detection function. (Reference: JP-A-6-1
No. 96991, JP-A-7-307654)

FIGS. 164 to 165 show two embodiments of each of the first to third inventions. A bipolar transistor is a bidirectional controllable switching means because it operates even if the functions of the collector and the emitter are interchanged. B
The same applies to SIT (bipolar-mode SIT) and GTBT (bipolar FET having a grounded grooved electrode). For this reason, each embodiment of FIGS. 164 and 165 is an on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means.

166 to 172 show one embodiment of the second invention one by one. In the embodiment of FIG. 166, the transistor 3 plays the role of the above-mentioned non-controllable switching means for ON / OFF detection, and in the embodiment of FIG. 167, the transistor 2 plays the role of the non-controllable switching means.
In the embodiment of FIG. 168, the four bipolar transistors and the like on the upper side of the figure constitute "controllable switching means having a self-holding function and a self-turn-off function (self-extinguishing function)". (Reference: Japanese Patent Application No. 62-504785) In each embodiment of FIGS. 169 to 172, two MOS-FEs are used.
T or two IGBTs are cascode-connected or similarly connected, one of them is grounded at the gate, and both transistors are simultaneously turned on / off.

The resonance type AC-A shown in FIGS.
The C converter circuit utilizes two embodiments of FIG. In the figure, 60 is a rectifier, 61 is a constant voltage means, 138 is a load, and 62 is an input terminal for inputting a start / stop signal. Conductors or terminals having the same reference numerals t1 to t11 are in a connected state. The trigger method used in this circuit is a "trigger method in which the thyristors 43 and 44 and the thyristors 63 and 64 are both turned off when their opponents turn off, so that both of them are triggered by the turn-off". That is, thyristor 4
When neither 3 nor 44 is on, the pulse transformer 7
A zero triggers both thyristors 63 and 64, and when neither thyristor 63 or 64 is on, pulse transformer 71 triggers both thyristors 43 and 44. Since the exciting inductance of the pulse transformer 71 is smaller than usual and its magnetic flux easily saturates immediately,
Immediately after the turn on of 7, 68, the trigger of the thyristors 43, 44 ends immediately. The excitation inductance of the pulse transformer 70 is smaller than usual, and the time for releasing the excitation energy is short.
Immediately after turning off, the triggers of the thyristors 63 and 64 end immediately. Both trigger periods are less than half the resonance period. The connection body such as the thyristor 72 and the Zener diode 73 has the same function as SUS (silicon unilateral switch), and automatically turns on the input terminal 6 when the power switch is turned on.
2 is given an activation signal. (Reference: JP-A-1-11741
(Fig. 6 of No. 6)

The series inverter circuit shown in FIGS. 176 and 177 uses two embodiments of FIG. 156. FIG.
The series inverter circuit shown in FIGS. 76 and 178 is a fluorescent lamp lighting circuit. Both the series inverter circuit shown in FIGS. 179 and 177 and the fluorescent lamp lighting circuit shown in FIGS. 179 and 178 are possible.

Finally, the following a) to j) will be supplemented. a) In each embodiment, a new embodiment (derived embodiment) is derived by replacing each component, etc. In each embodiment or each derived embodiment derived therefrom, each controllable switching means has a complementary relationship with it. Controllable switching means (eg, N-channel type MOSFETs, P-channel type MOSFETs, etc.) are replaced one by one, and each component having voltage polarity or voltage direction (eg, DC power supply,
Diodes and the like. ) Is also possible, with the orientation reversed) of the "embodiment which is symmetrical with respect to the voltage polarity or voltage direction with respect to the original embodiment (this is also a newly derived embodiment)". b) two two-way controllable switching means having a self-holding function in two directions are connected in series between both power supply terminals of an AC power supply,
A power converter that connects in parallel a "load series resonance circuit that forms a series resonance circuit with a load" on one side, triggers the other when one is turned off, and triggers one when the other is turned off The on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means of the first, third and fifth inventions can be used. (Reference: WO 88/018
04, JP-A-1-117416)

C) Similarly, two controllable switching means having a self-holding function are connected in series between both power supply terminals of the DC power supply, and one of them is connected in parallel with a “load series resonance circuit forming a series resonance circuit together with a load”. The ON / OFF detection circuit of each of the first to fifth inventions can be used for a power conversion device that connects and detects one turn-off, triggers the other when it detects turn-off, and triggers one when it detects the other turn-off. . If a "series circuit of a primary coil and a capacitor of an ignition coil in which ignition gap means for ignition is connected to the secondary coil" is used as the load series resonance circuit, an ignition device is obtained. (Reference: JP-A-62-5019, JP-A-63-302217, W
O88 / 01805) d) As the above-mentioned simultaneous control means, besides a transformer, there are a "combination of two photo couplers" and a "combination of two piezoelectric couplers". (Reference: JP-A-57-5433, "Power MO" published by Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun
S-FET Application Technology ”, pp. 80-96. )

E) JP-A-55-136720-1, JP-A-55-143836-7, and JP-A-57-5433.
JP-A-59-149421, JP-A-60-170
No. 322, JP-A-61-131616 and JP-A-61-131
JP-A-191117, JP-A-61-276424, JP-A-62-195917, JP-A-1-260917, JP-A-5-226998, JP-A-5-268037,
JP-A-5-304453-4, JP-A-7-26403
No. 0, JP-A-8-33348, Japanese Utility Model Application No. 5-66165.
For example, the on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means of the first invention can be used for each two-way controllable switching means disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2005-189,028. f) The control terminal and the main terminal forming a pair for inputting the drive signal are, for example, a gate terminal and a source terminal in the case of an FET, SIT or GTBT, a base terminal and an emitter terminal in a bipolar transistor, and a gate terminal in an IGBT. It is an emitter terminal. In the case of an (SI) thyristor, it is a cathode side gate terminal and a cathode terminal or an anode side gate terminal and an anode terminal.

G) Even if an on / off detection circuit is configured in each invention, the one-way or two-way insulation function is not impaired when various controllable switching means for detecting on / off are off. In particular, FIGS.
In the case where the first invention, including the embodiments of FIG. 100, corresponds to the on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means according to claim 6, the presence of the two current path means adversely affects the two-way controllable switching. Did not give. h) Each MOS for current detection in the embodiment of FIG.
The FET is a normally-off type, but both may be a normally-on type. In this case, the on / off result is output according to the magnitude of the channel resistance.

I) Although the DC power supply is directly connected in each of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 131 to 135, the DC power supply may be connected via a power switch or a fuse as necessary as in the embodiment shown in FIG. You can fix it. Conversely, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 130, the AC power supply is connected to the power supply switch via a fuse. However, an embodiment in which the AC power supply is connected via only one of them or directly again is also possible. j) diodes as examples of non-controllable switching means;
PN junction, 2-terminal selenium rectifier, "Bipolar transistor connecting collector and base", "Reverse blocking thyristor connecting anode and cathode side gate or anode side gate and cathode", "Connecting its collector and gate Reverse blocking IGBT "," a normally-off MOS-FET in which each electrode potential is applied so that no forward voltage is applied between the back gate and the drain and between the back gate and the source, and the drain and the gate are connected ",
There is a "normally-off type MOS-FET (built-in diode) having a gate and a back gate connected to the source". The Zener diode also behaves like a normal diode if its reverse applied voltage is less than its Zener voltage, so it can be considered a non-controllable switching means.

[0058]

[Documents related to terminology] a) Published by Corona “IEE Technical Terminology No. 9 Semiconductor power converter ”b) Published by the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan“ Semiconductor power converter ”

[0059]

[Prior art or related art] a) Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-444
No. 89 b) Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-56307 c) Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-93331 d) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 62
E) WO 87/04575 f) JP-A-63
G) WO 88 / 01804-5 h) JP-A-1-
117416 i) JP-A-2-1609 j) JP-A-4-
No. 1117025 k) JP-A-6-82497 1) JP-A-8-824
No. 15335 m) JP-A No. 6-199691 n) JP-A No. 7-1991
No. 307654 o) JP-A-8-15335 p) JP-A-8-
No. 125513 q) Japanese Patent Application No. 8-231244 r) Japanese Patent Application No. 7-
No. 319464

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 2 to 33 are circuit diagrams each showing an example of a conventional on / off detection circuit.

FIGS. 34 to 45 are circuit diagrams each showing a conventional example of two-way controllable switching means.

46 to 75 are circuit diagrams each showing an example of a conventional on / off detection circuit of the two-way controllable switching means.

76 to 162 are circuit diagrams each showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 163 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a conventional on / off detection circuit of a two-way controllable switching means.

164 to 172 are circuit diagrams each showing one embodiment of the present invention.

173 to 175 are circuit diagrams showing one embodiment of the present invention by arranging the three figures in order from left to right.

FIG. 176 is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention in combination with FIG. 177 or FIG. 178;

FIG. 177 is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention in combination with FIG. 176 or FIG. 179;

FIG. 178 is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention in combination with FIG. 176 or FIG. 179;

FIG. 179 is a circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention in combination with FIG. 177 or FIG. 178.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 60 rectifying means 61 constant voltage means 62 input terminal 138 load 139 fluorescent lamp

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification symbol FI H03K 17/73 H03K 17/73 A (54) [Title of the invention] ON / OFF detection circuit of bidirectional controllable switching means, ON・ Off detection circuit, on / off detection circuit for two-way controllable switching means, on / off detection circuit, and on / off detection circuit for two-way controllable switching means

Claims (20)

[Claims] 1. A bidirectional first and second controllable switching means in which one direction or two directions are controllable, are connected in series so that both controllable directions are opposite to each other, and a first current is supplied. The first current path means in one direction to be supplied is connected in parallel to the first controllable switching means so as to be in the same direction in both the controllable directions, and the presence or absence of the flow of the first current An on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means, comprising a first current detection means for detecting a current. 2. The on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means according to claim 1, further comprising a simultaneous control means for simultaneously controlling on / off of said controllable switching means. 3. A control terminal and a main terminal forming a pair for inputting a drive signal of each of said controllable switching means, wherein said control terminal and said main terminal have the same bias voltage polarity between both control terminals and main terminal. The above-described series connection is performed by connecting the terminals, and the control terminals are connected directly or through a forward bias adjusting unit that adjusts a forward bias voltage or adjusts a distribution of a forward bias current. 3. An on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means according to claim 2. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the simultaneous control means includes one inductance means magnetically coupled to each other between a pair of control terminals and a main terminal for inputting a drive signal of each of the controllable switching means. 3. An on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means according to claim 2. 5. The controllable switching means according to claim 1, wherein said second controllable switching means is a field effect type, an electrostatic induction type, a variable channel resistance type, a variable resistance type, or a conductivity modulation type. An on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means according to item 1, 2, 3, or 4. 6. A second current path means for supplying a second current is connected in parallel to said second controllable switching means so as to be in the same direction in both of said two controllable directions. And detecting a presence or absence of the flow of the second current.
2. The current detecting means according to claim 1, wherein
An on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means according to 2, 3, 4 or 5. 7. The on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means according to claim 6, wherein both of said current detection means are integrated into one. 8. An on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means according to claim 6, wherein the output of said two current detection means is logically ORed. 9. The controllable switching means according to claim 1, wherein said first controllable switching means is a field effect type, an electrostatic induction type, a variable channel resistance type, a variable resistance type, or a conductivity modulation type. Item 9. An on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means according to claim 6, 7, or 8. 10. A first controllable switching means, comprising: a field-effect type, an electrostatic induction type, a variable channel resistance type, a variable resistance type, or a conductivity modulation type, one-way or two-direction controllable bidirectional. Connecting the second controllable switching means in series such that both controllable directions are opposite to each other;
The first current path means for supplying a first current is connected in parallel to the first controllable switching means so as to be in the same direction in both the controllable directions, and the first current path means is connected in parallel to the first controllable switching means. An on / off detection circuit, comprising: first current detection means for detecting the presence / absence of a current flow; and simultaneous control means for simultaneously controlling on / off of the controllable switching means. 11. A control terminal and a main terminal forming a pair for inputting a drive signal of each of said controllable switching means, wherein said control terminal and said main terminal have the same bias voltage polarity between both control terminals and main terminal. The above-described series connection is performed by connecting the terminals, and the control terminals are connected directly or through a forward bias adjusting unit that adjusts a forward bias voltage or adjusts a distribution of a forward bias current. The on / off detection circuit according to claim 10, wherein 12. The method according to claim 12, wherein said simultaneous control means includes one inductance means magnetically coupled to each other between a pair of control terminals and a main terminal for inputting a drive signal of each of said controllable switching means. The on / off detection circuit according to claim 10. 13. The on / off detection circuit according to claim 10, wherein the first controllable switching means is a bidirectional controllable switching means in which one or two directions are controllable. A second current path means for supplying a second current is connected in parallel to the second controllable switching means so as to be in the same direction in both of the two controllable directions, and the second current path means is connected in parallel to the second controllable switching means. An on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means, comprising a second current detection means for detecting the presence or absence of a current flow. 14. An on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means according to claim 13, wherein both of said current detection means are integrated and integrated. 15. The on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means according to claim 13, wherein the logical sum of outputs of said two current detection means is obtained. 16. The controllable switching means of a field effect type, an electrostatic induction type, a variable channel resistance type, a variable resistance type, or a conductivity modulation type is used as the first controllable switching means. Item 16. An on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means according to claim 13, 14, or 15. 17. A first controllable switching means, comprising: a field effect type, an electrostatic induction type, a variable channel resistance type, a variable resistance type, or a conductivity modulation type, one-way or two-way controllable two-way switching means. Connecting the second controllable switching means in series such that both controllable directions are opposite to each other;
Non-controllable switching means is connected in parallel to the series circuit in a direction opposite to the controllable direction of the former, and current path means for supplying a current in the direction of the non-controllable switching means is connected to the first controllable switching means. A current detecting means is provided in parallel with the series circuit of the non-controllable switching means for detecting presence / absence of the current flow, and a simultaneous control means for simultaneously controlling on / off of the controllable switching means is provided. An on / off detection circuit. 18. A control terminal and a main terminal forming a pair for inputting a drive signal of each of said controllable switching means, wherein said control terminal and said main terminal have the same bias voltage polarity between both control terminal and main terminal. The above-described series connection is performed by connecting the terminals, and the control terminals are connected directly or through a forward bias adjusting unit that adjusts a forward bias voltage or adjusts a distribution of a forward bias current. The on / off detection circuit according to claim 17, wherein 19. A method as claimed in claim 19, wherein said simultaneous control means includes one inductance means magnetically coupled to each other between a pair of control terminals and a main terminal for driving signal input of each of said controllable switching means. The on / off detection circuit according to claim 17, wherein 20. A controllable switching means is connected between both rectification output terminals of a bridge connection type rectifier circuit in which four non-controllable switching means are bridge-connected, and a unidirectional current path means for supplying a current is connected to both rectifications. An on / off detection circuit for a two-way controllable switching means, comprising current detection means connected in parallel between output terminals in the same direction to detect the presence or absence of the current.