JPH10160144A - Operation method of gasifying/melting furnace - Google Patents
Operation method of gasifying/melting furnaceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH10160144A JPH10160144A JP8317909A JP31790996A JPH10160144A JP H10160144 A JPH10160144 A JP H10160144A JP 8317909 A JP8317909 A JP 8317909A JP 31790996 A JP31790996 A JP 31790996A JP H10160144 A JPH10160144 A JP H10160144A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- melting furnace
- amount
- air
- gasifying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は廃棄物のガス化溶融
炉の操業方法に関するものである。The present invention relates to a method for operating a waste gasification and melting furnace.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、例えば図２にと示すような廃棄物
の堆積層の上部が流動層で下部が移動層の竪型の廃棄物
ガス化溶融炉がある。この溶融炉では、主羽口から主と
して空気、必要より酸素を添加して、炉の下部に供給
し、堆積層の固定部分に高温領域（１６００℃以上）を
作りだし、廃棄物の不燃分を溶融する。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a vertical waste gasification and melting furnace having a fluidized bed at the upper part and a moving bed at the lower part as shown in FIG. 2, for example. In this melting furnace, mainly air and, if necessary, oxygen are added from the main tuyere and supplied to the lower part of the furnace to create a high-temperature region (1600 ° C or higher) in the fixed part of the sedimentary layer and to melt the incombustible components of waste. I do.
【０００３】また、副羽口から空気、必要により酸素を
添加して流動層に供給し、流動層上部に流動部分を形成
し、廃棄物を乾燥・乾留することにより、廃棄物を順調
に下部に供給するようにする。Further, air and, if necessary, oxygen are added to the fluidized bed from the sub tuyere and supplied to the fluidized bed, a fluidized portion is formed in the upper part of the fluidized bed, and the waste is dried and carbonized, whereby the waste is smoothly reduced to the lower part. To be supplied.
【０００４】そして、三段羽口から空気を供給し、フリ
ーボード部の温度を高温（１０００℃以上）に保つこと
により、ダイオキシンの生成を抑制し、タール分を分解
することにより生成ガスの利用（ガスタービンなどへ
の）を容易にしている。[0004] Then, air is supplied from the three-stage tuyere, and the temperature of the free board portion is maintained at a high temperature (1000 ° C or more) to suppress the generation of dioxin and to decompose tar components to utilize the generated gas. (To gas turbines, etc.).
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のような溶融炉
で、廃棄物の性状（発熱量、水分量など）や処理量が変
化すると、副羽口からの送風が空気と酸素のみだったた
め、特に層内温度が高く、副羽口の送風量を減らすと空
塔速度が流動開始速度以下になる場合、送風量を減らす
と堆積層上部の流動ができなくなるため、送風量を減ら
すことにより流動層部分の温度を下げることができな
い。In the melting furnace as described above, if the properties of the waste (calorific value, moisture content, etc.) and the amount of treatment change, the air sent from the sub tuyere was only air and oxygen. In particular, when the temperature in the bed is high and the superficial velocity falls below the flow start velocity when the flow rate of the sub tuyere is reduced, the flow rate cannot be increased above the sedimentary layer if the flow rate is reduced. The temperature of the layer cannot be lowered.
【０００６】そのため、副羽口先端等に高温部分がで
き、その部分にある廃棄物の不燃分が一部融解すること
により炉壁に固着して成長する。これにより、廃棄物が
炉の下側に移動しにくくなるという棚吊り状態になる問
題がある。この発明は上記のような問題点を解消できる
ようにしたガス化溶融炉の操業方法を提供することを課
題とするものである。Therefore, a high-temperature portion is formed at the tip of the sub tuyere and the like, and the incombustible portion of the waste in the portion is partially melted and grows on the furnace wall. As a result, there is a problem in that the shelves are in a suspended state where it is difficult for the wastes to move to the lower side of the furnace. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a gasification and melting furnace capable of solving the above problems.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明のガス化溶融炉の
操業方法は、廃棄物の堆積層の上部が流動層で下部が移
動層の竪型の廃棄物ガス化溶融炉において、前記流動層
の流動部分の温度を制御すると共に、前記堆積層の上部
を流動状態に保つように、副羽口送風量を制御し、かつ
ベースの送風空気に蒸気、燃焼排ガス及び酸素を、単独
にあるいは組み合わせて添加することを特徴とするもの
である。The method of operating a gasification and melting furnace according to the present invention is directed to a vertical waste gasification and melting furnace having a fluidized bed at the top and a moving bed at the bottom. Along with controlling the temperature of the flowing part of the layer, controlling the sub tuyere blowing amount so as to keep the upper part of the sedimentary layer in a flowing state, and supplying steam, combustion exhaust gas and oxygen to the blowing air of the base, alone or It is characterized by being added in combination.
【０００８】また、流動層の流動部分の温度を５００℃
〜１０００℃に制御することを特徴とするものである。
従来のように、堆積層上部の流動状態を維持するために
副羽口からの送風量を増加すると流動部分の温度が上昇
し、溶融物が炉壁に付着し、棚吊り状態になる。Further, the temperature of the fluidized portion of the fluidized bed is set to 500 °
It is characterized in that the temperature is controlled to １０００1000 ° C.
As in the related art, when the amount of air blown from the sub tuyere is increased in order to maintain the flow state of the upper part of the sedimentary layer, the temperature of the flow part rises, the melt adheres to the furnace wall, and the shelf is suspended.
【０００９】一方、流動部分の温度を下げるために送風
量を減少した場合は十分なガス量が得られず堆積層の流
動や羽口先の空間（レースウェイ）での粒子の流動が不
十分となり羽口先に高温部分ができ廃棄物の不燃分が溶
融し、副羽口の周り付着成長する。On the other hand, if the amount of air is reduced to lower the temperature of the flowing portion, a sufficient amount of gas cannot be obtained, and the flow of the sedimentary layer and the flow of particles in the space (raceway) at the tuyere become insufficient. A high temperature portion is formed at the tuyere tip, and the non-combustible portion of the waste melts and adheres and grows around the sub tuyere.
【００１０】そこで、本発明では、副羽口送風に蒸気、
燃焼排ガス及び酸素を、単独にあるいは組み合わせて添
加することにした。こうして、流動状態を保つのに必要
な送風量を確保しつつ、送風酸素濃度を調整することが
できるので、堆積層の適切な流動が維持ししつつ、流動
部分の温度制御が可能となる。Therefore, in the present invention, steam,
The flue gas and oxygen are added alone or in combination. In this way, the oxygen concentration of the blown air can be adjusted while securing the amount of blown air necessary to maintain the flow state, so that the temperature of the flowing portion can be controlled while maintaining the appropriate flow of the deposition layer.
【００１１】この場合、酸素濃度を変化させることは、
送風する酸素量が変化することとと同じであり、ひいて
は層内で発生する熱量を変化させることになる。さら
に、水蒸気を利用した場合には、シフト反応（ＣＯ＋Ｈ
2 Ｏ→ＣＯ2 ＋Ｈ2 ）が生じ、生成ガスのＣＯ／Ｈ2 の
値を低下させ、ガスタービンなどの燃料として使用しや
すくなるという利点もある。In this case, changing the oxygen concentration is as follows.
This is the same as changing the amount of oxygen to be blown, and thus changes the amount of heat generated in the layer. Further, when steam is used, a shift reaction (CO + H
( 2O → CO 2 + H 2 ) is generated, and the value of CO / H 2 of the produced gas is reduced, and there is an advantage that the gas can be easily used as a fuel for a gas turbine or the like.
【００１２】[0012]
【発明の実施の形態】本願発明を実施するための装置の
構成を第１図により説明する。炉下部の主羽口に、Ｖａ
１から空気が、またＶｏ１から酸素が供給されるように
なっている。この場合、加熱器により、主羽口からの送
風温度を昇温することにより、主羽口送風への酸素添加
量を減らすことができるようになっている。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The structure of an apparatus for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Va in the main tuyere at the bottom of the furnace
1 to supply air, and Vo1 to supply oxygen. In this case, the amount of oxygen added to the main tuyere blast can be reduced by raising the temperature of the blast from the main tuyere by the heater.
【００１３】次に、流動層部の副羽口に、Ｖａ２から空
気が、Ｖｓ２から蒸気が、またＶｏ２から酸素が供給さ
れるようになっている。そして、流動部分の温度測定用
の温度計が設けられている。Next, air is supplied from Va2, steam is supplied from Vs2, and oxygen is supplied from Vo2 to the sub tuyere of the fluidized bed portion. A thermometer for measuring the temperature of the flowing portion is provided.
【００１４】また、フリーボード部の三段羽口にはＶａ
３から空気が供給されるようになっている。そして、フ
リーボード部から出る生成ガスの成分を分析する分析計
が設けられている。Further, the three-stage tuyere of the free board portion has Va
3 is supplied with air. Further, an analyzer is provided for analyzing the components of the generated gas from the freeboard section.
【００１５】そして、処理量にあわせて主羽口の空気量
をＶａ１で、酸素量をＶｏ１で制御する。また、副羽口
送風量を制御することにより、所要の空塔速度が得られ
るようにし、堆積層上部を流動させる。The amount of air at the main tuyere is controlled by Va1 and the amount of oxygen is controlled by Vo1 in accordance with the processing amount. In addition, by controlling the air flow rate of the sub tuyere, a required superficial velocity is obtained, and the upper part of the sedimentary layer is caused to flow.
【００１６】次に、ガス量（空塔速度）が下限以下、基
準値内及び上限以上にあるかの３つに区分し、また、そ
れぞれの区分内で、流動層温度が５００℃以下、５００
℃を越え１０００℃未満及び１０００℃以上の場合につ
いて、取るべきアクションを表１に示す。Next, the gas volume (superficial superficial velocity) is divided into three categories, that is, below the lower limit, within the reference value, and above the upper limit.
Table 1 shows the actions to be taken when the temperature exceeds 100 ° C. and less than 1000 ° C. and 1000 ° C. or more.
【００１７】[0017]
【表１】 次に、実施例を表２により説明する。[Table 1] Next, examples will be described with reference to Table 2.
【００１８】[0018]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１９】ここで、Ｒｕｎ１は流動層温度が１０００
℃以上の場合であり、Ｒｕｎ２は５００℃以下の場合に
ついてである。Ｒｕｎ１−１は、ガス量（空塔速度）が
不足している場合であり、副羽口空気量を増加したＲｕ
ｎ１−２では、流動層温度が高くなり過ぎている。そこ
で、Ｒｕｎ１−３で副羽口に蒸気を添加し、流動層温度
を適正な値とした。この結果、ＣＯ／Ｈ2 の値も０．６
程度に改善された。Here, Run1 has a fluidized bed temperature of 1000
C. or more, and Run2 is a case of 500 ° C. or less. Run 1-1 is a case where the gas amount (superficial superficial velocity) is insufficient, and Ru in which the sub tuyere air amount is increased.
In n1-2, the fluidized bed temperature is too high. Therefore, steam was added to the sub tuyere in Run 1-3 to adjust the fluidized bed temperature to an appropriate value. As a result, the value of CO / H 2 was 0.6
The degree was improved.
【００２０】Ｒｕｎ１−４は、副羽口で空気量を減らす
と共に蒸気も減らした場合である。Ｒｕｎ１−５では、
ＣＯ／Ｈ2 の値を更に低下させるべく、蒸気量を増すと
共に、酸素を添加し、一方、副羽口で空気量を減らし
た。この結果ＣＯ／Ｈ2 の値が更に低下し、燃料として
使用しやすくなっている。Runs 1-4 are cases where the amount of air and the amount of steam are also reduced at the sub tuyere. In Run 1-5,
In order to further reduce the value of CO / H 2, the amount of steam was increased and oxygen was added, while the amount of air was reduced at the sub tuyere. As a result, the value of CO / H 2 is further reduced, and the fuel is easily used.
【００２１】なお、ガス量（空塔速度）が不足している
場合に、流動層温度が高くなることを回避しながら、ガ
ス量を増やすために、副羽口からの空気中に燃焼排ガス
を添加してもよい。When the gas amount (superficial superficial velocity) is insufficient, the combustion exhaust gas is introduced into the air from the sub tuyere in order to increase the gas amount while avoiding an increase in the fluidized bed temperature. It may be added.
【００２２】次に、Ｒｕｎ２−１は，流動層温度が低い
場合であり、Ｒｕｎ２−２で副羽口空気量を増加した。
その結果、流動層温度が上昇した、が同時にガス量（空
塔速度）がオーバーした。Next, in Run2-1, the fluidized bed temperature was low, and in Run2-2, the amount of air at the sub tuyere was increased.
As a result, the fluidized bed temperature increased, but at the same time, the gas amount (superficial velocity) exceeded.
【００２３】そこで、Ｒｕｎ２−３で副羽口空気量を減
少させると共に、酸素を添加した。その結果、流動層温
度及びガス量（空塔速度）が適正な値となった。Ｒｕｎ
２−４はＣＯ／Ｈ2 の値を低下させるべく蒸気を添加
し、同時に酸素を加え、一方空気量を減少させた。Ｒｕ
ｎ２−５では、ＣＯ／Ｈ2 の値を更に改善つさせるべ
く、蒸気及び酸素量を増加し、一方、空気量を減少させ
た。Therefore, the runway 2-3 was used to reduce the amount of sub tuyere air, and oxygen was added. As a result, the fluidized bed temperature and the gas amount (superficial velocity) became appropriate values. Run
2-4 by adding steam to reduce the value of the CO / H 2, oxygen was added at the same time, whereas reduced air quantity. Ru
In N2-5, in order to single further improve the value of CO / H 2, to increase the steam and oxygen, whereas, reduced air quantity.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】以上のように、この発明によれば、副羽
口送風に蒸気または燃焼排ガスを添加することにより、
流動部分の温度を低下させる効果が得られた。また、蒸
気を付加することによりＣＯ／Ｈ2 比を低下させる効果
も得られた。As described above, according to the present invention, by adding steam or combustion exhaust gas to the auxiliary tuyere blast,
The effect of lowering the temperature of the flowing part was obtained. The effect of reducing the CO / H 2 ratio by adding steam was also obtained.
【図１】本発明方法を実施するための装置の一例を示す
説明図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention.
【図２】従来の装置構成を示す説明図。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional apparatus configuration.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 山川 裕一 東京都千代田区丸の内一丁目１番２号 日 本鋼管株式会社内 (72)発明者 鈴木 康夫 東京都千代田区丸の内一丁目１番２号 日 本鋼管株式会社内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yuichi Yamakawa 1-1-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Nihon Kokan Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasuo Suzuki 1-1-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Sun Honko Co., Ltd.
Claims (2)
移動層の竪型の廃棄物ガス化溶融炉において、前記流動
層の流動部分の温度を制御すると共に、前記堆積層の上
部を流動状態に保つように、副羽口送風量を制御し、か
つベースの送風空気に蒸気、燃焼排ガス及び酸素を、単
独にあるいは組み合わせて添加することを特徴とするガ
ス化溶融炉の操業方法。In a vertical waste gasification / melting furnace having a fluidized bed at the top and a moving bed at the bottom, a temperature of a fluidized part of the fluidized bed is controlled and an upper part of the bed is formed. Operating the sub tuyere blowing amount so as to keep the gas in a fluidized state, and adding steam, combustion exhaust gas and oxygen to the base blowing air alone or in combination, .
０００℃に制御することを特徴とするガス化溶融炉の操
業方法。2. The temperature of a fluidized portion of a fluidized bed is from 500 ° C. to 1 ° C.
A method for operating a gasification and melting furnace, wherein the operation is controlled at 000 ° C.
Priority Applications (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31790996A JP3346197B2 (en) | 1996-11-28 | 1996-11-28 | Operation method of gasification melting furnace |
| US08/959,787 US6159428A (en) | 1996-10-31 | 1997-10-29 | Structure of gasified and melting furnace |
| DE19748043A DE19748043C2 (en) | 1996-10-31 | 1997-10-30 | Process for operating a gasification and melting furnace |
| KR1019970056371A KR100294119B1 (en) | 1996-10-31 | 1997-10-30 | Structure of gasified and melting furnace and operation method thereof |
| DE19758630A DE19758630C2 (en) | 1996-10-31 | 1997-10-30 | Gasification and melting furnace, especially for refuse treatment |
| KR1019990051015A KR100259318B1 (en) | 1996-10-31 | 1999-11-17 | Structure of gasified and melting furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31790996A JP3346197B2 (en) | 1996-11-28 | 1996-11-28 | Operation method of gasification melting furnace |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10160144A true JPH10160144A (en) | 1998-06-19 |
| JP3346197B2 JP3346197B2 (en) | 2002-11-18 |
Family
ID=18093410
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP31790996A Expired - Fee Related JP3346197B2 (en) | 1996-10-31 | 1996-11-28 | Operation method of gasification melting furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3346197B2 (en) |
-
1996
- 1996-11-28 JP JP31790996A patent/JP3346197B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3346197B2 (en) | 2002-11-18 |
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