JPH10158706A - Method and instrument for measuring depth of raceway of coke filling type vertical furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the method and instrument capable of precisely measuring the raceway depth of a coke filling type vertical furnace, and to provide the method and instrument capable of quantifying the grain diameter of swinging coke in the raceway. SOLUTION: In this method for measuring the raceway depth in the coke filling type vertical durance, the raceway depth LS is obtained by counting or measuring the number of the swinging coke 1c in the raceway per unit time of the speed component of the swinging coke for each distance in the depth direction of the raceway in the furnace. In this method and instrument for measuring the grain diameter of the swinging coke in the raceway in the coke filling type vertical furnace, the swinging coke in the raceway is photographed for each distance in the depth direction of the raceway 2 in the furnace to measure the grain diameter of cokes having picture density of a fixed value of above in the cokes in the photographed picture.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and a device for measuring the raceway depth of a vertical furnace having a coke filling method such as a blast furnace, a method and a device for measuring the particle size of swirl coke in the raceway.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a vertical furnace of a coke filling type such as a blast furnace, a raceway 2 is formed by wind pressure when blowing air into a tuyere 3 as shown in FIG. In order to judge the furnace condition of the operating coke-filled vertical furnace, the information of this raceway is the most direct and reliable.In particular, the shape and size of the raceway in the tuyere are the gas distribution in the furnace, Measurement of the raceway depth (hereinafter referred to as raceway depth or LS) is important because it has a strong correlation with the conditions inside the furnace such as air permeability.

[0003] Further, quantification of information about the swirl coke of the raceway, such as the particle size of the swirl coke 1c of the raceway, is expected to contribute to the stabilization of the operation of a vertical coke-filled furnace such as a blast furnace. As a method of measuring the raceway depth, generally, a rod is inserted into the raceway, and the raceway depth is determined from the insertion depth at the time of hitting the rod. Inevitably results in inaccurate, intermittent measurements,
There has been a problem in that continuous information cannot be obtained over time, and the operation is dangerous.

In order to solve this problem, a method of measuring a raceway depth using a high-speed camera has been proposed (JP-A-4-63213). This method uses a low-wavelength light beam from the tuyere into the raceway, captures the reflected light with a high-speed camera, measures the spot diameter of the light beam captured as an image, and calculates the depth. This is a method of measuring the way depth.

Further, an observation apparatus has been proposed in which a filter in a low wavelength visible light region is arranged as an irradiation light source so as not to be affected by coloring light from a combustion gas (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-78248). However, in the case of the above-described methods, in each case, the irradiation light is blocked by coke rotating in the raceway,
There is a problem that the irradiation light does not reach the deep part of the raceway and is reflected halfway, so that the distance to the deep part cannot be measured accurately.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and makes it possible to accurately measure the raceway depth and to quantify the particle size of the rotating coke of the raceway. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for measuring the depth of a raceway of a vertical furnace, and a method and a device for measuring the particle size of the rotating coke in the raceway.

[0007]

A first invention is a method of measuring the raceway depth of a coke-filled vertical furnace for measuring the raceway depth using a high-speed camera and an image processing apparatus, comprising: Coke filling characterized by counting the number of raceway turning coke per unit time for each distance in the way depth direction, comparing the obtained count value with a predetermined set value, and obtaining the raceway depth. This is a method for measuring the raceway depth of a vertical furnace.

A second invention is a method for measuring a raceway depth of a coke-filled vertical furnace for measuring a raceway depth using a high-speed camera and an image processing apparatus, wherein the distance in the furnace raceway depth direction is measured. Separately measuring the velocity component of the raceway swirling coke, comparing the obtained measured value with a predetermined set value, and calculating the raceway depth, the raceway depth measurement of the vertical coke filled vertical furnace. Is the way.

A third aspect of the present invention is a method for measuring the particle size of swirl coke in a raceway of a coke-filled vertical furnace for measuring the particle size of coke swirling in a raceway using a high-speed camera and an image processing device. There is a feature that the raceway swirling coke is photographed at different distances in the furnace raceway depth direction, and of the coke in the photographed image, the particle size of the coke having a certain image density or more in the photographed image is measured. This is a method for measuring the particle size of swirl coke in the raceway of a vertical coke filled vertical furnace.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is a depth measuring apparatus preferably used in the raceway depth measuring method for a coke-filled vertical furnace of the first aspect. That is, a fourth invention is a raceway depth measuring apparatus for a coke-filled vertical furnace having a high-speed camera 5 for photographing an in-furnace raceway and an image processing device 10 for processing the image. The camera 5 has a lens 6 for changing the shooting distance in the furnace raceway depth direction and means 9 for moving the lens.
The image processing apparatus 10 has a function of obtaining an image density distribution in a captured image, and further, the raceway depth measuring apparatus captures an image of the coke included in the captured image based on the density distribution obtained above. Counting means 11 for counting the number of coke having image density equal to or higher than a predetermined value in an image per fixed time, and raceway depth calculating means 12 for obtaining a raceway depth from both the shooting distance and the count value of the number. This is a raceway depth measuring device for a vertical furnace with coke filling.

According to a fifth aspect, in the fourth aspect,
Instead of the image processing device 10, the counting means 11 and the raceway depth calculation means 12, the image processing device 10 has a function of obtaining an image density distribution in a captured image, and has entered a captured image based on the density distribution. Of the coke, a counting function for counting the number of cokes having a certain or more image density in a captured image per fixed time, a raceway depth calculation function for obtaining a raceway depth from both the shooting distance and the count value of the number, It is a raceway depth measuring device for a coke-filled vertical furnace having:

A sixth aspect of the present invention is a depth measuring apparatus preferably used in the raceway depth measuring method for a coke-filled vertical furnace according to the second aspect of the present invention. That is, a sixth invention is a raceway depth measuring apparatus for a coke-filled vertical furnace having a high-speed camera 5 for photographing an in-furnace raceway and an image processing device 10 for processing the image. The camera 5 has a lens 6 for changing the photographing distance in the furnace raceway depth direction and means 9 for moving the lens, and the image processing device 10 has a function of obtaining an image density distribution in a photographed image, Further, the raceway depth measuring device measures the speed component of the coke having an image density of a certain level or more in the photographed image, of the coke included in the photographed image, based on the density distribution obtained as described above. And a raceway depth calculating means 18 for obtaining a raceway depth from both the photographing distance and the measured value of the velocity component. It is a race-way depth measurement device.

[0013] In a seventh aspect based on the sixth aspect,
Instead of the image processing device 10, the speed measuring means 17 and the raceway depth calculating means 18, the image processing device 10 has a function of obtaining an image density distribution in a captured image, and Among the coke, a speed measurement function for measuring a speed component of coke having a certain image density or more in a photographed image, and a raceway depth calculation function for obtaining a raceway depth from both the photographing distance and the measured value of the speed component This is a raceway depth measuring device for a coke filled vertical furnace having:

An eighth aspect of the present invention is an apparatus for measuring the particle size of a rotating coke in a raceway which is preferably used in the method for measuring the particle size of a rotating coke in a raceway of a vertical coke furnace of the third invention. That is, the eighth invention is a particle size measuring device for rotating coke in a raceway of a coke-filled vertical furnace having a high-speed camera 5 for photographing a raceway in the furnace and an image processing device 10 for processing the image. The high-speed camera 5 has a lens 6 for changing the photographing distance in the furnace raceway depth direction and means 9 for moving the lens, and the image processing apparatus 10 finds an image density distribution in the photographed image. Having a function, further, the particle size measuring device for the rotating coke in the raceway, based on the density distribution obtained above, of the coke included in the captured image, the coke having a certain image density or more in the captured image A particle size measuring device for rotating coke in a raceway of a vertical coke-furnace furnace, comprising a particle size measuring means for measuring the particle size of the coke.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. FIG. 8 is a side view of a blast furnace tuyere for explaining the present invention and a raceway formation state in the blast furnace tuyere. In FIG. 8, 1 is coke (filled coke in the furnace), 1c is a rotating coke in a raceway, 2 is a raceway, 3 is a tuyere, 5 is a high-speed camera, 8 is a camera amplifier, 10 is an image processing device, 19 is a tuyere viewing window, 20 is a blow pipe, 21 is a ventilation branch pipe, 22 is a refractory, and LS is a raceway depth.

Generally, the coke in the raceway is 200 m
It is turning at a high speed around / sec. The present inventors have, 8, or (1) counting the number of depth direction of the distance L ₃ separate pivot coke 1c raceways in 2 (the first invention, the fourth invention, the fifth invention) or, (2) measuring the velocity component in the depth direction of the distance L ₃ separate pivot coke 1c raceways in 2 (the second invention, a sixth aspect, the seventh invention) by, raceways depth The present invention was deemed to be able to measure LS, and led to the present invention.

That is, in FIG. 8, the high-speed camera 5
And by means for varying the focusing distance, the raceways depth each shooting distance L ₁ separately of the number of coke 1c the vehicle is turning in the imaging area A formed by the depth of focus f _d and a high-speed camera field of view W N Alternatively, the speed component S of the coke 1c is counted or measured. As a result, Range L ₁ to N or S becomes zero, it can be estimated that the deepest portion of the raceways, the raceways depth LS is measurable from the photographing distance L _1.

Each photographing distance in the raceway depth direction
L ₁ Separately, photographed raceway swivel coke 1c, of the coke in the photographic image, by measuring the particle size of the coke with an image density of a certain or more, accurate quantification of the particle size of raceways turning coke Becomes possible. According to the present invention, the following (1) first invention, fourth invention, fifth invention,
(2) It is possible to measure the raceway depth by the method or the device according to any of the second, sixth and seventh inventions, and further (3) the third and eighth inventions By using the method or the apparatus described above, the particle size of the swirl coke of the raceway can be quantified.

(1) First invention, fourth invention, fifth invention: The number of turning cokes per unit time is counted for each distance in the raceway depth direction, and the raceway depth is measured based on the result. Raceway depth measurement method (No. 1)
Invention) and a measuring device (fourth invention, fifth invention). (2) Second, sixth, and seventh inventions: a raceway depth measuring method for measuring a speed component of a turning coke for each distance in a raceway depth direction and measuring a raceway depth based on the result. (2nd invention) and measuring device (6th invention, 7th invention).

(3) Third and eighth inventions: The rotating coke is photographed for each distance in the raceway depth direction, and among the coke in the photographed image, the coke having a certain image density or more in the photographed image is obtained. A method (third invention) and a measuring device (eighth invention) for measuring the particle size of a rotating coke in a raceway for measuring the particle size. Hereinafter, the first to eighth inventions will be described in more detail.

(1) First invention, fourth invention, fifth invention [method and apparatus for measuring raceway depth based on counting result of number of turning coke of raceway]: the first invention, The fourth and fifth inventions provide a raceway depth measuring method (first method) that counts the number of turning cokes per unit time for each distance in the raceway depth direction and measures the raceway depth based on the result. Invention) and a measuring device (fourth invention, fifth invention).

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the first invention, the fourth invention, and the fifth invention. In FIG. 1, (a) is a diagram showing the principle of the first invention, the fourth invention, and the fifth invention and a configuration diagram showing an example of the configuration of the apparatus. (B) is an observation area in a raceway of a high-speed camera and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a shooting state of coke in a raceway, and FIG. 4C is a graph showing a method of calculating a raceway depth.

In FIG. 1, 1 is coke (furnace filled coke), 1c is swirling coke in a raceway,
2 is a raceway, 3 is a tuyere, 4 is a direction of coke turning, 5 is a high-speed camera, 6 is a lens for changing the shooting distance (hereinafter referred to as a focus lens), 7 is a filter, 8 is a camera amplifier, 9 means for moving the lens 6 for changing the shooting distance in the furnace raceway depth direction, 10 for the image processing device, 11 for counting the number of coke, 12 for raceway depth calculating means, 13 for high coke that do not meet the focus during photographing at a speed camera, 14 coke focused at the time of photographing a high-speed camera, a is shows the imaging region formed in the depth of focus f _d and a high-speed camera field of view W.

That is, the first invention, the fourth invention, and the fifth invention
In the invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), (b) , changing the shooting distance L ₁ in the furnace raceway depth direction of the high-speed camera 5, each shooting distance L _1, photographing Of the coke included in the image, the number of cokes having a density equal to or higher than a predetermined value in the photographed image, that is, the number of focused cokes 14 per predetermined time is counted.

Next, as shown in the graph of FIG. 1 (c), the value L ₃ obtained by subtracting the distance L ₂ between the high-speed camera 5 tuyere 3 from shooting distance L ₁ on the horizontal axis, the object distance the number N of coke 14 that fits the observed focus per fixed time in L ₁ is plotted on the vertical axis, L ₃ in which the number N is zero becomes raceway depth LS. The raceway depth measuring device shown in FIG. 1A is a means 9 for installing a focus lens 6 preferably having a large focal length in front of the high-speed camera 5 and changing the shooting distance in the furnace raceway depth direction. by moving the focus lens 6 by the focus lens moving device, it has a structure for changing the shooting distance L ₁ in the furnace raceway depth direction shown in FIG. 1 (a).

As the means 9 for changing the shooting distance in FIG. 1A, the shooting distance may be changed by a moving device of the high-speed camera 5 instead of the above-described focus lens moving device. The specific configuration is not limited. For counting the number of rotating coke, an image taken as a still image by the high-speed camera 5 is represented as an image density distribution by the image processing device 10, and this density difference is used.

Here, the density indicates the density which is the density of the photographed image. For example, when the image element is an 8-bit image processing device, the amount of light received by the camera is changed from 0 (bright) to 256 (dark).
Is quantized. That is, the counting of the number N of the rotating coke per unit time is performed by, for example, a method as shown in FIG.

FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram showing the observation area in the raceway of the high-speed camera and the photographing state of coke in the raceway, as in FIG. 1B.
2 is a graph showing the density of the image on the line I-II of the photographed image of FIG. In the first invention, the fourth invention, and the fifth invention, the number of raceway turning coke per unit time is counted by the following method, for example.

[0029] That is, in FIG. 2 (b), the example, with reference to the minimum value I _min of the concentration, the value obtained by subtracting the minimum value I _min of the density from the maximum value I _max of the density [Delta] I (= I _max -
Seeking I _{mi n),} defined as target coke a portion having a concentration of the formula: counts the number N of the target coke observed per fixed time. Density ≧ I _min + k × ΔI Here, k is an arbitrarily determined constant, for example, k =
A value of 0.7 can be used.

In this case, it is more preferable that the image processing apparatus 10 selects coke having a size equal to or larger than a predetermined size and counts the number as the number N of the target coke. That is, in FIG. 2B, the coke having a size R of a region having a continuous density equal to or more than (I _min + 0.7 × ΔI) is equal to or larger than a predetermined size based on the minimum value I _min of the density. It is more preferable to select and count the number as the number N of the target coke.

In FIG. 2B, there are two target cokes 14a and 14b at a certain time t as shown in the figure, and the total number of the target cokes observed during a predetermined time is counted. The raceway depth is calculated from the counted value by the following method. That is, FIG. 1, the raceways depth calculation unit 12 in (a), as shown in FIG. 1 (c), the distance from the photographing distance L ₁ between the high-speed camera 5 tuyere 3 L ₂
The horizontal axis the value L ₃ obtained by subtracting each photographing distance, the number N of coke were counted per fixed time in L ₁ is plotted on the vertical axis, and the number N race L ₃ which is zero way depth LS And

FIG. 3 shows an example of measuring the raceway depth using the method and apparatus of the present invention. That is, FIG.
, The number of coke per fixed time becomes 0
L ₃ is a 750mm, raceway depth in this case is 750m
m. In the present invention, the raceway depth is calculated by comparing the count value of the number of cokes per unit time for each of the in-furnace raceway depth direction distances obtained as described above with a predetermined set value. However, in this case, the set value of the predetermined number N can be arbitrarily set to a value other than zero, and the set value may be determined in correspondence with the raceway depth measurement result by another method.

In FIG. 1A, an image processing device
10 has a function of calculating the image density distribution in the captured image,
Separately from the above, based on the image density distribution obtained by the image processing apparatus 10, the counting means 11 for counting the number of cokes having a certain or more image density per certain time is provided, but in the present invention, The image processing apparatus 10 has a function of obtaining an image density distribution in a captured image, a counting function of counting the number of cokes having an image density of not less than a certain value based on the density distribution per fixed time, a shooting distance and a count value of the number. And a function for calculating a raceway depth from both of them.

As described above, the first invention, the fourth invention, and the fifth invention
Although the present invention has been described, the present invention changes the shooting distance of the high-speed camera, counts the number of coke per fixed time at the shooting focus, and calculates the raceway depth from both the shooting distance and the count value of the number. Configuration.
As a result, according to the present invention, the spontaneous light emission of coke is detected at a focused distance, that is, at an accurate distance in the raceway depth direction. It is now possible to measure the raceway depth.

(2) Second, sixth and seventh inventions [method and apparatus for measuring raceway depth based on measurement result of velocity component of turning coke of raceway]:
The second invention, the sixth invention and the seventh invention provide a raceway depth measuring method for measuring a speed component of a turning coke for each distance in a raceway depth direction and measuring a raceway depth based on the result. A second invention) and a measuring device (a sixth invention, a seventh invention).

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the second invention, the sixth invention, and the seventh invention. In FIG. 4, (a) is a principle diagram of the second invention, the sixth invention, and the seventh invention, and a configuration diagram showing an example of the configuration of the apparatus. (B) is an observation area in the raceway of the high-speed camera and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a shooting state of coke in a raceway, and FIG. 4C is a graph showing a method of calculating a raceway depth.

In FIG. 4, reference numeral 17 denotes a speed measuring means for measuring a speed component of coke, 18 denotes a raceway depth calculating means, and the other symbols indicate the same contents as in FIG. That is, in the second invention, the sixth invention, and the seventh invention, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the photographing distance of the high-speed camera 5 in the furnace raceway depth direction. L ₁ by changing the in each photographing distance L _1, of the coke enters the captured image, at least one coke 14 fits the coke i.e. focus having a certain or higher density in the photographic image is intended coke, the Measure the velocity component of the target coke.

FIG. 5 shows the principle of the method of measuring the velocity component in this case. In FIG. 5, (a) is a schematic diagram showing the shooting conditions of the coke at time t in the photographing distance L _1,
(b) is a schematic view similarly showing the shooting conditions of the coke at time t + Delta] t in the photographing distance L _1. In FIG. 5, 14 (t) is the target coke 14, 14 (t + Δ) at time t.
t) the time t + target coke 14 in Delta] t, Z denotes the centroid of the target coke 14 (t + Delta] t) at the center of gravity, P ₂ is the time t + Delta] t of the target coke 14 (t) in the direction of movement, P ₁ is the time t of the target coke 14 .

That is, the target coke 14 whose speed is to be measured
For example, the vertical speed component S of the shutter speed is 1000
When a high-speed camera of frame / second is used, S = (S ₂ −S
₁ ) It is required to be 1000 [m / sec]. The center of gravity P ₁ , P ₂ can be easily obtained by the image processing device 10.

Next, as shown in the graph shown in FIG. 4 (c) described above, the distance from the photographing distance L ₁ between the high-speed camera 5 tuyere 3
The value L ₃ obtained by subtracting L ₂ is plotted on the horizontal axis. For example, the velocity component S in the vertical direction of the target coke 14 measured at each shooting distance L ₁
Was plotted on the vertical axis, the velocity component S is + L ₃ became zero from the side becomes raceway depth LS. The coke velocity component S in the second, sixth, and seventh aspects described above is an example of the coke velocity component in the vertical direction, that is, the vertical direction of the tuyere raceway in FIG. Is not particularly limited.

The raceway depth measuring device shown in FIG.
A focus lens 6 preferably having a large focal length is installed in front of the high-speed camera 5, and the focus lens 6 is moved by a focus lens moving device which is a means 9 for changing the shooting distance in the furnace raceway depth direction. and configured to change the shooting distance L ₁ in the furnace raceway depth direction shown in Figure 4 (a).

As the means 9 for changing the shooting distance in FIG. 4A, the shooting distance may be changed by a moving device of the high-speed camera 5 instead of the above-described focus lens moving device. The specific configuration is not limited. This second invention, the sixth invention of the present invention, in the seventh, the particular subject coke measuring the velocity components corresponding to each photographing distance L ₁ is, for example, the first invention, the fourth invention, the Similarly to the invention of the fifth aspect, an image photographed as a still image by the high-speed camera 5 is represented as a density distribution by the image processing device 10, and this density difference is used.

Here, the density refers to the density which is the density of the image. For example, when the image element is an 8-bit image processing device, the amount of light received by the camera is changed from 0 (bright) to 256 (dark). It is a thing. That is, the specific coke to be measured velocity component corresponding to each photographing distance L _1, the first invention, the fourth invention, similarly to the fifth invention be carried out by a method as shown in FIG. 6 Can be.

FIG. 6 (a) shows the state shown in FIG. 1 (b), FIG. 2 (a),
FIG. 6B is a schematic view showing the observation area in the raceway of the high-speed camera and the coke in the raceway as in FIG. 5. FIG. 6B shows a line of the photographed image in FIG. It is the graph which expressed the density on I-II as a density distribution. In the second invention, the sixth invention, and the seventh invention, for example, similarly to the first invention, the fourth invention, and the fifth invention, the speed component of the raceway turning coke is measured by the following method. I do.

[0045] That is, in FIG. 6 (b), for example, based on the minimum value I _min of the concentration, the value obtained by subtracting the minimum value I _min of the density from the maximum value I _max of the density [Delta] I (= I _max -
Seeking I _{mi n),} defining a portion having a concentration of the formula interest coke, to measure the velocity component of the corresponding at least one coke. Density ≧ I _min + k × ΔI Here, k is an arbitrarily determined constant, for example, k =
A value of 0.7 can be used.

In this case, it is more preferable that the coke having a size equal to or larger than a predetermined size is selected by the image processing apparatus 10, the coke is defined as a target coke, and the speed component is measured. That is, in FIG. 6 (b), based on the minimum value I _min of the concentration, (I _min +0.7 × delta
I) It is more preferable to select a coke having a size R equal to or greater than a predetermined size of the region having the above-mentioned continuous density and measure the velocity component thereof.

In FIG. 6 (b), the target coke at a certain time t is 14a as shown in the figure, the velocity component of the target coke is measured, and the raceway depth is measured from the measured value by the following method. I do. That is, FIG.
In raceway depth calculation unit 18 in, as shown in FIG, the value L ₃ obtained by subtracting the distance L ₂ between the high-speed camera 5 tuyere 3 from shooting distance L ₁ on the horizontal axis, the shooting distance L ₁ the velocity component S of the coke is plotted on the vertical axis in, the L ₃ became zero the speed component S is + side as raceway depth LS.

The method of measuring the velocity component S is, for example, as follows.
This can be performed by the method shown in FIG. In FIG.
1 shows an example of measuring a raceway depth using the method and apparatus of the present invention. That is, in FIG. 7, L ₃ became zero the speed component S of the coke + side is 750 mm,
In this case, the raceway depth is 750mm.

In the present invention, the measured value of the speed component of coke for each distance in the furnace raceway depth direction obtained as described above is compared with a predetermined set value to calculate the raceway depth. In this case, the set value of the predetermined speed component can be arbitrarily set to a value other than zero,
It is also possible to determine the set value of the speed component in association with the result of the raceway depth measurement by another method.

In FIG. 4A, the image processing device
10 has a function of obtaining an image density distribution in a photographed image, and separately from the function, a speed measurement for measuring a speed component of coke having an image density of a certain level or more based on the image density distribution obtained by the image processing apparatus 10. Although it was configured to add means 17,
In the present invention, the image processing apparatus 10 has a function of obtaining an image density distribution in a captured image, a speed measuring function of measuring a speed component of coke having an image density of a certain level or more based on the density distribution, an imaging distance and A configuration may also be provided that has a raceway depth calculation function for obtaining the raceway depth from both measured values of the speed component.

As described above, the second invention, the sixth invention and the seventh invention
Although the present invention has been described, the present invention changes the shooting distance of the high-speed camera, measures the speed component of coke at the shooting focus, and calculates the raceway depth from both the shooting distance and the measured value of the speed component. And As a result,
According to the present invention, the spontaneous light emission of coke is detected at a focused distance, that is, at an accurate distance in the raceway depth direction. Therefore, the raceway can be accurately detected without being affected by swirling coke before and after the photographing focus. It is now possible to measure depth.

(3) Third and Eighth Inventions [Method and Apparatus for Measuring Particle Size of Swirling Coke in Raceway for Measuring Particle Size of Swirling Coke for Each Distance in Raceway Depth Direction]: Third Embodiment The invention according to the eighth aspect is characterized in that the turning coke of the raceway is photographed for each distance in the depth direction of the raceway,
A method for measuring the particle size of swirl coke in a raceway (third invention) and a measuring apparatus (eighth invention) for measuring the particle size of coke having an image density of a certain level or more in a photographed image among coke in the photographed image It is.

In the third invention and the eighth invention, FIG.
(a), (b), the changing the shooting distance L ₁ in the furnace raceway depth direction of the high-speed camera 5, the shooting distance L ₁
In, the particle size of the coke having the image density of a certain level or more in the photographed image, that is, the focused coke is measured. The method and the device for this are described in the first invention, the fourth invention,
5 is similar to the invention, by the method described in FIG. 2 described above, it focused at the object distance L ₁ coke,
For example, the particle size of coke indicated by 14a and 14b in FIG. 2A is measured by image analysis.

The method of calculating the coke particle size in this case is, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the areas of the cokes 14a and 14b having image densities not less than a certain value are obtained by integration in image analysis and converted to a circle equivalent diameter. A conversion method is exemplified. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to measure the particle size of the rotating coke of the whole raceway quantitatively.

The invention has been described present invention, in any of the invention of the first invention to eighth mentioned above also, although narrow depth of focus f _d when capturing accuracy is good, therefore, the focal It is preferable to use a lens having a large distance f. In addition, since the coke is turning in the raceway, when observing the deep part of the raceway, the field of view is naturally blocked by the coke near the tuyere,
In the present invention, the coke present in the area outside of the shooting distance L ₁ such as the coke is not out of focus because not in the focal depth, the coke and other coke present in the region of the shooting distance L ₁ Identification is possible.

That is, according to the present invention, as described above, in order to detect the self-emission of coke at a focused distance, that is, an accurate distance in the raceway depth direction, the turning coke before and after the photographing focus is detected. It was possible to accurately measure the raceway depth and the average particle size of the rotating coke in the raceway without being affected.

[0057]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be specifically described below based on embodiments. (Example 1) Using the apparatus shown in FIG.
The raceway depth of a coke-filled vertical smelting reduction furnace with step tuyere was measured.

The coke-filled vertical smelting reduction furnace had a diameter of 4 m, four tuyeres in the upper stage and four tuyeres in the lower stage. The blowing pressure when measuring the raceway depth was 1.2 kg / cm ² · G, and the blowing temperature Was 800 ° C., and the measurement was carried out at the upper tuyere. The photographing was performed by the high-speed camera 5 via the filter 7 and the focus lens 6. The focus lens 6 is configured to move upon receiving a signal from the means 9 for changing the photographing distance in the furnace raceway depth direction.

The high-speed camera 5 used for photographing employs a camera whose shutter speed can be changed from 1000 frames / sec to 2000 frames / sec. The shutter speed is set to 1000 frames / sec. The raceway depth was measured from the number of pieces by the following method. As the focus lens 6, a lens having a focal length f of 120 was used.

The image is sent to the image processing device 10 via the camera amplifier 8, and the image is photographed corresponding to the photographing distance obtained from the movement amount of the focus lens 6. Also, based on the information from the image processing apparatus 10, that is, the measurement result of the density distribution of the photographed image, the counting means 11 counts the number of coke per fixed time at each photographing distance.

[0061] The raceways depth calculation unit 12 is input from the means 9 for shooting distance L ₁ in the furnace raceway depth direction to change the photographing distance furnace raceway depth as an electric signal, also a fixed The number N of coke counted per time is input from the counting means 11 as an electric signal. The raceway depth calculation means 12, as shown in FIG. 1 (c), the value L ₃ obtained by subtracting the distance L ₂ between the high-speed camera 5 tuyere 3 from shooting distance L ₁ on the horizontal axis, each shooting at a distance L ₁ and the number N of observed coke per fixed time is plotted on the vertical axis, and calculates the L ₃ in which the number is zero as raceway depth LS.

FIGS. 2A and 2B show an example of the original image photographed by the high-speed camera 5 and an example of the density distribution obtained by the image processing. In the example shown in FIG. 2, since the value ΔI obtained by subtracting the minimum density value I _min from the maximum density value I _max at the full-scale 256 gradations is 50, the minimum density value I _min = 100 is used as a reference. Number of coke 14a, 14b only (2) in the area having the density satisfying the following formula
Was counted. The constant k arbitrarily determined in the following equation was set to 0.7.

Density ≧ I _min + k × ΔI = 135 In this case, coke having a size of less than 3 mm was excluded from the counting. As a method of counting the number, a camera having a shutter speed of 1000 frames / second was used. Therefore, the number N per second was calculated from the number N _i (i = 1 to 1000) per 1/1000 second by the following equation. I asked.

N = Σ (N _i ) [pieces], i = 1 to 1000 FIG. 3 shows the number of coke N per second described above.
Shows the results obtained for each shooting distance L _3. From FIG.
The distance L ₃ where the number N per second is zero is a 750 mm, raceway depth LS is 750 mm.

(Example 2) Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 4 (a), the raceway depth was reduced under the same operating conditions as in Example 1 in the same coke-filled vertical smelting reduction furnace as in Example 1. A measurement was made. The measurement was carried out at the upper tuyere. The photographing was performed by the high-speed camera 5 via the filter 7 and the focus lens 6.

The focus lens 6 is configured to move upon receiving a signal from the means 9 for changing the photographing distance in the furnace raceway depth direction. The high-speed camera 5 used for shooting adopts a camera whose shutter speed can be changed from 1000 frames / sec to 2000 frames / sec. The shutter speed is set to 1000 frames / sec, and the distance of coke moved in 1/1000 sec. The raceway depth was measured by the following method.

The focus lens 6 has a focal length f
Used 120 lenses. The image is sent to the image processing device 10 via the camera amplifier 8, and the image is taken corresponding to the shooting distance obtained from the movement amount of the focus lens 6. Further, the speed measuring means 17 measures the speed component of coke at each shooting distance based on information from the image processing apparatus 10, that is, the image density distribution of the shot image.

[0068] The raceways depth calculation unit 18, is input from the means 9 for shooting distance L ₁ in the furnace raceway depth direction to change the photographing distance furnace raceway depth as an electric signal, also, coke Is input from the speed measuring means 17 as an electric signal. As shown in FIG. 4C, the raceway depth calculating means 18 calculates a value L ₃ obtained by subtracting the distance L ₂ between the high-speed camera 5 and the tuyere 3 from the shooting distance L _1.
On the horizontal axis, the speed component S of coke in each photographing distance L ₁
Was plotted on the vertical axis, and calculates the L ₃ to the speed component S becomes zero from the positive side as raceway depth LS.

FIGS. 6A and 6B show an example of the original image photographed by the high-speed camera 5 and an example of the density distribution obtained by the image processing. In the example shown in FIG. 6, since the value ΔI obtained by subtracting the minimum density value I _min from the maximum density value I _max at the full scale 256 gradations is 40, the minimum density value I _min = 107 is used as a reference. The velocity component was measured only for coke 14a in a region having a concentration satisfying the following equation. The constant k arbitrarily determined in the following equation was set to 0.7.

Concentration ≧ I _min + k × ΔI = 135 Further, in this case, coke having a size of less than 3 mm was excluded from the measurement of the velocity component. The speed component was measured by the method shown in FIG. That is, in the present embodiment, since a camera having a shutter speed of 1000 frames / second is used, the speed component S for 1/1000 second is 1 /
It was calculated from the barycentric positions P ₁ and P ₂ of the same coke every 1000 seconds by the following equation.

S = (S ₂ −S ₁ ) × 1000 [m / sec] FIG. 7 shows the result of obtaining the above-described coke speed component S for each photographing distance L ₃ . From Figure 7, the distance L ₃ where the speed component S of the coke becomes the + side and zero is 750 mm, raceway depth LS is 750 mm.

In the first and second embodiments,
As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 4 (a), a high-speed camera 5 and the like were installed on the outside of the furnace with respect to the tuyere viewing window. It is needless to say that the cooling pipe with a protective window such as a water cooling pipe may be incorporated into the furnace and the cooling pipe may be inserted into the furnace to widen the field of view for photographing.

In the first and second embodiments,
As described in FIGS. 1 (a) and 4 (a),
Although the focus lens moving device is used as the means 9 for changing the photographing distance in the furnace raceway depth direction, the photographing distance may be changed by the moving device of the high-speed camera 5 itself. The specific configuration of the means 9 for changing is not limited.

[0074]

According to the present invention, in order to detect self-emission of coke at an in-focus distance, that is, at an accurate distance in the raceway depth direction, before and after the shooting distance, that is, before and after the focus of the high-speed camera. It is now possible to accurately measure the raceway depth without being affected by turning coke. In addition, the particle size measurement of swirl coke in the raceway became possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present invention and a configuration diagram of an apparatus (a), a schematic diagram illustrating an observation area in a raceway and a photographing state of coke in a raceway, and a graph (c) illustrating a calculation method of a raceway depth. ).

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram (a) showing an observation area in a raceway of a high-speed camera and a photographing state of coke in the raceway;
5 is a graph (b) showing the density of the image on line I-II of the photographed image (a) as a density distribution.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing an example of measuring a raceway depth using the method and apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the principle of the present invention and a configuration diagram of the apparatus (a), a schematic diagram showing an observation area in the raceway and a photographing state of coke in the raceway, and a graph (c) showing a method of calculating the raceway depth. ).

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a principle of a method of measuring a velocity component and showing a shooting situation at time t and time t + Δt, respectively.
(a) and (b).

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram (a) showing an observation area in a raceway of a high-speed camera and a photographing state of coke in the raceway;
5 is a graph (b) showing the density of the image on line I-II of the photographed image (a) as a density distribution.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of measuring a raceway depth using the method and apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a side view of a blast furnace tuyere for explaining a raceway formation state in the blast furnace tuyere and the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 1 coke (furnace filling coke) 1c raceway turning coke 2 raceway 3 tuyere 4 coke turning direction 5 high-speed camera 6 lens for changing shooting distance 7 filter 8 camera amplifier 9 furnace raceway depth Means for moving the lens to change the shooting distance in the direction 10 image processing apparatus 11 counting means 12, 18 raceway depth calculating means 13 unfocused coke 14, 14 (t), 14 (t + Δt), 14a, 14b Matched coke 17 Speed measuring means 19 Tuyere viewing window 20 Blow pipe 21 Blower branch pipe 22 Refractory A Shooting area formed by depth of focus and field of view of high-speed camera LS Raceway depth f _d Depth of focus W Field of view of high-speed camera

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A method for measuring a raceway depth of a vertical furnace having a coke filling method, wherein the raceway depth is measured by using a high-speed camera and an image processing apparatus. A method for measuring the raceway depth of a vertical coke-filled vertical furnace, wherein the number of cokes per unit time is counted, the obtained count value is compared with a predetermined set value, and the raceway depth is obtained. . 2. A method for measuring the depth of a raceway of a coke-filled vertical furnace using a high-speed camera and an image processing device, the method comprising: A method for measuring a raceway depth of a vertical coke-filled furnace, comprising measuring a velocity component of coke, comparing the obtained measured value with a predetermined set value, and calculating a raceway depth. 3. A method for measuring the particle size of swirling coke in a raceway of a coke-filled vertical furnace, wherein the particle size of the coke swirling in the raceway is measured using a high-speed camera and an image processing device. Coke filling type characterized in that the raceway turning coke is photographed according to the distance in the inner raceway depth direction, and among the coke in the photographed image, the particle size of the coke having a certain image density or more in the photographed image is measured. Method for measuring particle size of swirl coke in raceway of vertical furnace. 4. A raceway depth measuring apparatus for a coke-filled vertical furnace having a high-speed camera (5) for photographing an in-furnace raceway and an image processing device (10) for processing the image. The speed camera (5) has a lens (6) for changing the shooting distance in the furnace raceway depth direction and a means (9) for moving the lens, and the image processing device (10) is used to control the image in the shot image. Having a function of obtaining a density distribution, and furthermore, the raceway depth measuring apparatus, based on the density distribution obtained above, of the coke included in the captured image, of the coke having a certain image density or more in the captured image A coke filling type comprising: counting means (11) for counting the number per fixed time; and raceway depth calculating means (12) for obtaining a raceway depth from both the shooting distance and the count value of the number. Vertical furnace Suuei depth measurement device. 5. A function in which the image processing device (10) calculates an image density distribution in a captured image instead of the image processing device (10), the counting means (11), and the raceway depth calculating means (12). And a counting function for counting the number of cokes having a certain or more image density in the captured image per unit time among the cokes included in the captured image based on the density distribution, and a counting value of the shooting distance and the count value of the number. 5. A raceway depth measuring apparatus for a coke-filled vertical furnace according to claim 4, further comprising a raceway depth calculating function for obtaining a raceway depth from both. 6. A raceway depth measuring apparatus for a coke-filled vertical furnace having a high-speed camera (5) for photographing an in-furnace raceway and an image processing device (10) for processing an image thereof. The speed camera (5) has a lens (6) for changing the shooting distance in the furnace raceway depth direction and a means (9) for moving the lens, and the image processing device (10) is used to control the image in the shot image. Having a function of obtaining a density distribution, and furthermore, the raceway depth measuring apparatus, based on the density distribution obtained above, of the coke included in the captured image, of the coke having a certain image density or more in the captured image A coke filling type comprising: speed measuring means (17) for measuring a speed component; and raceway depth calculating means (18) for obtaining a raceway depth from both the photographing distance and the measured value of the speed component. Vertical furnace Suuei depth measurement device. 7. The image processing device (10), a speed measuring means (1)
Instead of 7) and the raceway depth calculating means (18), the image processing device (10) has a function of obtaining an image density distribution in a captured image, and a function of calculating the image density distribution in the captured image based on the density distribution. Having a speed measurement function of measuring a speed component of coke having a certain or more image density in a shot image, and a raceway depth calculation function of obtaining a raceway depth from both the shooting distance and the measured value of the speed component. Item 7. A raceway depth measuring apparatus for a coke-filled vertical furnace according to item 6. 8. A particle size measuring device for rotating coke in a raceway of a coke-filled vertical furnace having a high-speed camera (5) for photographing a raceway in the furnace and an image processing device (10) for processing the image. A lens for changing the shooting distance in the depth direction of the raceway in the furnace by the high-speed camera (5);
And means for moving the lens (9), wherein the image processing device (10) has a function of obtaining the image density distribution in the captured image, and furthermore, the particle size measuring device for the rotating coke in the raceway is provided. A method for measuring the particle size of coke having an image density equal to or higher than a certain level in the photographed image among the cokes contained in the photographed image based on the density distribution obtained in the above, Particle size measurement device for swirl coke in raceway of vertical furnace.