JPH10140971A - System for managing construction of tunnel by using wireless transmission device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make this managing system adaptable even to a long tunnel having varying curves and inclinations. SOLUTION: This system is provided with a pair of directional antennas 1, 11 oppositely attached to the nearby position of the ceiling of the opening of a tunnel and the upper part of the nearby position of the cutting face, directional adjusting means 2, 3, 5, 12, 13, 15 to adjust respective directions of the antennas 1, 11, and receiving level sensing means 4, 5, 14, 15 for sensing respective receiving levels of the antennas 1, 11. Antennas are set in an increasing direction of the receiving level detected by the receiving level sensing means by shifting the angle by the directional adjusting means from the direction parallel to the axial line of the tunnel, as the direction of the antennas 1, 11. And construction management information near the cutting face of the tunnel is transmitted to a monitor on the ground through the wireless transmission device to manage the construction of the tunnel.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel construction management system using a radio transmission device for transmitting construction management information near the face of a tunnel to a monitoring device on the ground by using a radio transmission device. About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, mountain tunnels have become longer and their construction has been significantly accelerated. At construction sites, strict construction management is required. In addition, the trend of increasing the cross section and the depth is progressing, and more detailed construction management than before is desired.

[0003] However, in recent years, the shortage of skilled workers due to aging and the labor shortage caused by the young people leaving the construction industry have become serious, and the number of workers is expected to decrease more than before, and streamlining of site management is required. Centralized management of construction conditions at construction sites where many tasks are complicated is very important in terms of safety and improvement of workability.However, in mountain tunnels, many parts rely on human intuition. Central management of work was difficult because of difficult management. Moreover, in the construction management of a mountain tunnel, in the case of a long tunnel of several hundred meters to several kilometers, it takes time to collect information in a daily or emergency situation.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a problem of a conventional tunnel construction management system using a wireless transmission device.
In order to perform real-time construction management and information collection, a camera is installed in the mine, and a cable is routed to the office. However, in the case of a mountain tunnel,
There are problems such as cable breakage due to blasting and troublesome extension. In addition, application of a wireless transmission device to the construction management of a mountain tunnel has also been considered. However, in this system, a pair of transmission / reception devices must face each other and have a clear view because of the directivity. However, in practical use, in a tunnel, as shown in FIG. 6, there is a curve to the left and right, an up and down slope changes, and there are lining concrete, waterproof sheeting, a pedestal for ventilation, heavy equipment, and the like in the middle. However, it was difficult to apply to construction without seeing each other.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has an object to be applicable to a long tunnel having a curve or a gradient change.

For this purpose, the present invention provides a tunnel construction management system using a wireless transmission device for performing construction management of a tunnel by transmitting construction management information near the face of the tunnel to a monitoring device on the ground using the wireless transmission device. A pair of antennas having directivity and being attached to the vicinity of the tunnel entrance ceiling and the vicinity of the face above, and a direction adjusting means for adjusting the direction of each of the pair of antennas; and each of the pair of antennas Receiving level detecting means for detecting a receiving level, wherein the direction of the pair of antennas is shifted from the direction parallel to the tunnel axis by an angle by the direction adjusting means, and the reception level detected by the receiving level detecting means is shifted. It is characterized in that it is set to a higher direction.

The direction adjusting means adjusts and sets the direction of the antenna by tightening and releasing a screw, or has an operation driving mechanism, and sequentially changes the antenna at a predetermined angle. By setting the direction in which the reception level is increased by comparing the reception levels detected by the reception level detection means, or having an operation drive mechanism and driven by a control signal from the monitoring device on the ground. Wherein the antenna mounted above the vicinity of the face is mounted on an upper part of a pedestal such as a ventilation pedestal.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a tunnel construction management system using a wireless transmission device according to the present invention. In the drawing, reference numerals 1 and 11 denote antennas, 2 and 12 denote antenna direction adjustment mechanisms, and 3 and 13 denote antennas. Direction operation units, 4 and 14, signal transmission / reception units, 5 a centralized management device, 6 a display device, 7 an input device, 8 an output device, 9 and 15 a reception level determination control unit, 16 a transmission / reception signal processing unit, Reference numeral 17 denotes a transmission data collection unit.

In FIG. 1, an antenna 1 is mounted on, for example, a ceiling at a tunnel entrance, which is an entrance of a tunnel. And an antenna direction adjusting mechanism 2 including a rotating shaft, a bearing, a link mechanism, and the like for adjusting the direction of the antenna, that is, the direction of transmitting and receiving radio waves, respectively. It has 12. The antennas 1 and 11 originally have directivity and communicate with each other in pairs so that the axes of the transmitting and receiving directions coincide with each other. However, in the tunnel, the present inventors have found that good sensitivity can be obtained when the opposing antennas are shifted in a certain oblique direction without facing each other so that the axes of the transmitting and receiving directions coincide with each other. Are found as a result of experiments. This can be considered that the reflection on the wall surface works effectively in the tunnel. The antenna direction operation units 3 and 13 operate the antenna direction adjustment mechanisms 2 and 12 by an electric motor, a servomotor, or the like in order to adjust the direction of the antenna as described above. The signal transmission / reception units 4 and 14 transmit signals from the antennas 1 and 12 to the other, and receive signals from the other.

The central control device 5 is installed in, for example, a central monitoring room, has a storage device for storing various monitoring data and files of processing data, and processes signals transmitted / received from the antenna 1 via the signal transmitting / receiving unit 4. Performs processing of information displayed on the monitor screen of the display device 6, processing of information input from the input device 7, processing of information output from the output device 8, and adjustment of the direction of the antenna 1. A control signal is generated to control the antenna direction operation unit 3.

The reception level determination control units 9 and 15 determine the levels of signals transmitted and received between the antenna 1 and the antenna 11 and control the antenna direction operation units 3 and 13 to increase the reception sensitivity. It is. The transmission / reception data collection unit 17 collects information on the vicinity of the face. Examples of the information include face observation information and blasting information obtained from cameras and measuring instruments, image information of underground monitoring cameras, inner space measurement, and the like. Measurement information, worker information, and the like.
The transmission / reception signal processing unit 16 performs processing of a signal transmitted from the antenna 11 via the signal transmission / reception unit 14 and processing of a signal to be received. The transmission signal includes information collected by the transmission / reception data collection unit 17. And the signal for adjustment for antenna adjustment transmitted to perform antenna direction adjustment, and the signal to be received include control signals for cameras and measuring instruments in the transmission / reception data collection unit 17 and antenna direction adjustment. There is an adjustment signal for antenna adjustment or a control signal for antenna direction adjustment which is received to perform.

Next, the direction adjustment processing of the antennas 1 and 11 will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the adjustment process of the tunnel construction management system using the wireless transmission device according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the adjustment process of the antenna direction by a trajectory, and FIG. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the direction of the maximum reception sensitivity is detected after scanning.

In a long tunnel, antennas 1 and 11
As described above, because of the characteristic in the tunnel that good sensitivity is obtained when it is shifted slightly from the direction where the axes of the transmission and reception directions coincide with each other and oriented in a slightly oblique direction, as an adjustment for that, first, either The fixed antenna is used to transmit and receive signals, and the other antenna detects a direction in which the signal receiving sensitivity is good. After that, the other antenna is fixed, and signals are transmitted and received in the same manner, and one antenna detects a direction in which the signal reception sensitivity is good. In this case, either one may be used as the receiving side or the receiving side may be changed. The present invention collects and manages information for tunnel construction management in the direction of an antenna having good reception sensitivity by performing such adjustment. FIG. 2 shows an example of a method of tracking the flow of each adjustment process in the direction of the maximum reception sensitivity.

In the adjustment process of the antenna direction, an adjustment mode is set and a direction parallel to the tunnel axis is set as a reference direction of the antenna as shown in FIG. 2 (step S1).
1). Then, by transmitting and receiving signals, the reception sensitivity at that time is stored (step S12). Next, a first adjustment unit α is set (step S13). In order to perform the coarse adjustment and the fine adjustment, first, a large adjustment step for the coarse adjustment is set as the first adjustment unit α. Subsequently, by controlling the antenna direction operation unit, the direction is operated by the adjustment unit set from the reference direction (step S14), and the reception sensitivity is stored by transmitting and receiving signals (step S15). The operation of the adjustment unit is performed, for example, in the vertical and horizontal directions (± Δθ _x , ± Δθ _y ), or by rotating at a constant angle by giving an elevation angle of α °. Therefore, it is checked whether or not all the operations in each direction have been completed (step S16), and the process returns to step S14 and repeats the same processing until completed.

When all the operations in the respective directions by the adjustment unit are completed, the direction of the maximum receiving sensitivity is obtained from those receiving sensitivities (step S17). Then, it is checked whether or not the direction of the maximum receiving sensitivity matches the reference direction (step S18). If not, the direction of the maximum receiving sensitivity is reset to the reference direction (step S19), and step S14 is performed. And the same processing is repeatedly executed. However, when the direction of the maximum reception sensitivity matches the reference direction, it is checked whether or not the adjustment unit is the second adjustment unit β for fine adjustment (step S20). If it is the first adjustment unit α, the second adjustment unit β is set (step S21), and the process returns to step S14 to repeatedly execute the same processing. Then, the direction of the maximum reception sensitivity is similarly found in the second adjustment unit β, and the process is terminated. By omitting steps S18 and S19, the adjustment using the first adjustment unit α may be performed only once, similarly to the adjustment using the second adjustment unit β.

If the above processing is shown by a locus, first, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3A, when the direction is adjusted up and down and left and right in the adjustment unit α from the direction O parallel to the tunnel axis, and the maximum reception sensitivity is operated in the upward direction, FIG.
As shown in (B), the direction is further operated upward, left and right in the adjustment unit α. In this case, the operation can be omitted because the lower part is already stored as the previous value. If this operation is repeated and the direction of the maximum receiving sensitivity becomes the same as the previous time even if the direction is adjusted upward and right by the adjustment unit α as shown in FIG. Adjustment unit β of 1/2 or less
Operate the direction up, down, left and right to detect the direction (θ _xi , θ _yj ) of the maximum receiving sensitivity.

Instead of tracking the direction of the maximum reception sensitivity as described above, the reception sensitivity is stored at each point while scanning the direction in a certain range as shown in FIG. , The direction of the maximum receiving sensitivity may be detected.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of a mountain tunnel to which a tunnel construction management system using a wireless transmission device according to the present invention is applied. As described above, a tunnel construction management system using a wireless transmission device according to the present invention is applied. Then, various process management information is transmitted and received by wireless transmission between the antenna of the transmitting and receiving device mounted on the ventilation stand and the antenna of the transmitting and receiving device mounted on the upper part of the wellhead, and the mountain tunnel using a multi-computer in the central monitoring room on the ground. Centralized information management such as process management, material management, labor management, and machine management. Here, for example, one channel (one-way) is used for image information and two channels (two-way) are used for audio, and an audio channel is used for numerical information and camera operation information. Image information includes face, invert, and lining concrete.Sounds include sounds emitted during work around the face.Numerical information includes various measurement information, blasting information, mine management information, underground environment information, etc. It is configured to be loaded into the system as needed. And in the central monitoring room,
By installing a monitoring device including a personal computer and a monitor and remotely controlling the camera, it is possible to obtain a necessary moving image of the site, and at the same time, it is possible to centrally manage various kinds of information sent from the site.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the antenna direction is automatically adjusted. However, the worker manually reads the reception level while reading the reception level by the reception level meter provided in each signal receiving unit. It goes without saying that the adjustment may be performed by an operation. In this case, while the two workers communicate with each other using, for example, a transceiver, the direction of the antenna is controlled so that the sensitivity is increased by the reception level meter, and the setting is performed by tightening using, for example, a screw or a pin. Good. If a signal can be transmitted and received at a certain reception level, the reception level signal detected by using the signal is transmitted to the ground, and work is performed from the central monitoring room while monitoring each reception level signal in the central monitoring room. The adjustment may be performed by a remote controller by transmitting a control signal for the direction adjustment by a worker. Of course, the direction of the antenna is set to the direction of the maximum reception sensitivity. However, a direction in which it is possible to confirm that the reception level is equal to or higher than a predetermined reception level may be found and set in that direction. Further, in the vicinity of the face, the antenna is attached to the ventilation stand, but may be attached to another work stand or the like. Although described as a construction management system of a mountain long tunnel, the present invention is not limited to such a tunnel, and may be similarly applied to a submarine tunnel, a deep underground tunnel, and other tunnels.

[0020]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the direction of the pair of antennas having directivity is shifted from the direction parallel to the tunnel axis by the direction adjusting means so as to shift the reception direction. Since the construction management information near the face of the tunnel can be transmitted to the monitoring device on the ground by setting the direction to increase the reception level detected by the level detection means, even in a long tunnel where the curve or gradient changes, Transmission of construction management information without hindrance,
Tunnel construction management can be performed. In addition, the tunnel near the face is attached to the upper part of a gantry that moves with the progress of excavation, such as a ventilation gantry, so that the tunnel can be easily attached without preparing a special gantry. Moreover, the ventilation stand is generally installed at a position about 100 m from the face.
Assuming that the blast will advance 2 m and blast three times a day,
It moves forward 5 to 6 meters a day, and moves at an interval of about once a month from almost 20 days.
That is, it may be performed about once a month. Therefore, the burden required for adjusting the antenna direction is also small.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a tunnel construction management system using a wireless transmission device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining adjustment processing of a tunnel construction management system using the wireless transmission device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of an adjustment process of an antenna direction by a locus.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of detecting a direction of a maximum reception sensitivity after scanning a certain range.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of a mountain tunnel to which a tunnel construction management system using a wireless transmission device according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a problem of a tunnel construction management system using a conventional wireless transmission device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 11 antenna, 2, 12 antenna direction adjustment mechanism, 3, 13 antenna direction operation unit, 4, 14 signal transmission / reception unit, 5 centralized management device, 6 display device, 7 input device, 8 Output device, 15: reception level determination control unit, 16
... Transmission / reception signal processing unit, 17 ... Transmission data collection unit

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A tunnel construction management system using a wireless transmission device for performing construction management of a tunnel by transmitting construction management information in the vicinity of a tunnel face to a monitoring device on the ground using a wireless transmission device. A pair of antennas mounted opposite to each other near the ceiling of the tunnel entrance and above the vicinity of the face, direction adjusting means for adjusting the direction of each of the pair of antennas, and detecting the reception level of each of the pair of antennas Receiving direction detecting means, and the direction of the pair of antennas is shifted from the direction parallel to the tunnel axis by the direction adjusting means in the direction in which the receiving level detected by the receiving level detecting means becomes higher. A tunnel construction management system using a wireless transmission device, which is set. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the direction adjusting unit includes:
2. A tunnel construction management system using a wireless transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the direction of the antenna is adjusted and set by opening. 3. The direction adjusting means has an operation drive mechanism, and compares a reception level detected by the reception level detection means while sequentially changing the angle at a predetermined angle to determine a direction in which the reception level increases. The tunnel construction management system using the wireless transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the system is determined and set. 4. The wireless transmission device according to claim 1, wherein said direction adjusting means has an operation drive mechanism and is driven by a control signal from said ground monitoring device. Tunnel construction management system. 5. The tunnel construction management system using a wireless transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna attached above the vicinity of the face is attached to an upper part of a gantry. 6. The tunnel construction management system using a wireless transmission device according to claim 5, wherein the gantry is a ventilation gantry.