JPH10128724A - Form opening apparatus for concrete form - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automatically open the side plate of a form when a block is removed from the form. SOLUTION: When a block 7 molded in a form 1 is lifted, the side plate 4 is elevated by being accompanied with the block 7 and a guide pin 13 is moved along a guide channel 14. In this instance, the guide pin 13 is at first moved along the first guiding inclined part 14A formed on the bottom end side of each guide channel 14 and each side plate 4 is a little separated from the block 7. Then, when the guide pin 13 is transferred to the second guiding inclined part 14B with a large angle of inclination, the distance of movement of the guide pin 13, the distance of movement of the guide pin 13 is increased and the gap between the block 7 and each side plate 4 is also widened. Then, when the guide pin reaches the upper limit position of the second guiding inclined part 14b, the top side guide pin 13 is pulled out from the guide channel 14 and each side plate 4 is rotated outside and is separated from the block 7.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention makes it easy to remove a block after hardening concrete when molding a slope protection block or a shore protection block to protect a slope by building on a river or mountain slope. The present invention relates to an apparatus for opening a concrete formwork.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a concrete form of this type includes a bottom form and a side plate supported by a periphery of the bottom form.
At the time of mold clamping, the side plates are erected and the adjacent side plates are connected by a fixing means to form a mold having a predetermined shape, and then concrete is poured inside the mold. Then, after the poured concrete has hardened, release the fixing means connecting each side plate,
After the side plate is opened and the mold is opened, the cured block is lifted and removed from the mold.

In such a concrete formwork,
When removing the block, the side plate must be turned down. But,
This type of concrete formwork has a heavy side plate, and in particular, a large formwork requires a large force to open a heavy side plate, which is labor intensive. In addition, after the side plate is folded down and the mold is opened, the molded block is lifted and removed from the mold, so that it takes time to remove the mold and it is inefficient.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and to provide a concrete mold opening device capable of automatically opening a side plate in conjunction with a lifting operation of a block at the time of demolding. .

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a mold having a bottom mold and a side plate provided on a peripheral portion of the bottom mold, and concrete is filled inside the mold. A concrete formwork for forming a block, wherein guide pillars for guiding and holding the side plate so as to be able to move up and down are erected at four corners of the bottom formwork, and one of the guide pillar and the side plate is inclined outward. A guide groove is formed, and the other of the guide post or the side plate is provided with a guide pin that is inserted into and engaged with the guide groove to hold the side plate on the guide post, and moves along the guide groove by the ascending operation of the side plate. The guide pin to be moved is moved away from the block to open the mold.

[0006] By adopting such a configuration, when the mold is opened after the concrete is hardened, the blocks formed by the mold are lifted and the respective side plates are pulled up in unison, and the guide pins are moved into the guide grooves by the rise of the respective side plates. Since the guide pins move away from the block, the mold is automatically opened without performing a troublesome operation of manually opening the side plate. In addition, the lifting of the block and the opening of the mold proceed simultaneously, and the molding cycle of the block can be shortened.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the concrete mold opening device of the first aspect, guide inclined portions having different inclination angles are formed in the guide grooves so as to be vertically connected to each other, and a lower portion thereof is provided. Is set to be smaller than the inclination angle on the upper side.

Here, by setting the inclination angle of the guide inclined portion located on the lower side to be smaller than the inclination angle on the upper side, in the initial state of the mold opening, the guide pin moves away from the block along the guide groove in the initial state of the mold opening. Since the distance is short, the block and each side plate are gradually separated, and thereafter, when the guide pin shifts to a guide inclined portion having a large inclination angle, the side plate is quickly opened, so that the mold can be quickly opened.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a concrete formwork of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. A mold 1 for molding concrete includes a bottom plate 2, guide posts 3 erected at four corners of the bottom plate 2, four side plates 4 located between the guide posts 3, and a connecting member 5 connected to the bottom plate 2. And a bottom frame plate 6 which is integrally fixed to the bottom plate 2 with the interposition of, and concrete is cast into a space surrounded by the bottom frame plate 6 and each of the side plates 4 to form a block 7.

[0010] The side plate 4 has a template 9 for forming an outline of the block 7 on the outer surface side of a plurality of frames 8 arranged side by side.
Is fixed. Further, each of the frames 8 has a projecting portion 10 vertically extending downward, and a hook-shaped hooking portion 11 is formed near the upper end of the inner surface of the projecting portion 10, while the bottom frame plate 6 A recess 12 is formed near the outer edge for hooking the hooking portion 11 to position each side plate 4 with respect to the bottom frame plate 6. The side mold 4 is provided with two guide pins 1 at an interval above and below so as to penetrate the protrusion 10.
The guide posts 3 are horizontally supported by shafts, and the guide posts 3 are formed with guide grooves 14, 14 which are inserted and engaged with guide pins 13, 13 projecting from both ends of the side plate 4.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a frame-shaped elevating guide plate mounted on the upper surface of the bottom plate 2. The elevating guide plate 15 is hung on a connecting arm 16 connected to a lower guide pin 13 penetrating through the side plate 4. Has been lowered. The elevating guide plate 15 moves up and down along a column 17 erected inside the guide column 3, and a guide plate 19 having a through hole 18 fitted to the column 17 is fixed at four peripheral edges thereof. I have. That is, the guide plate 19 is disposed inside the guide support 3, and the guide support 3 is formed with a cutout 21 through which the elevating guide plate 15 is inserted.
The block 7 has a shape having an undercut. After the block 7 is formed, when the block 7 is lifted, the block 7 and each of the side plates 4 are lifted up in a unified manner, and the side plate 4 is lifted by being attached to the block 7. Connecting arm to 4
The lift guide plate 15 suspended by the lift 16 rises together with the side plate 4. At this time, the lifting guide plate 15 is guided along the guide plate 19 and is lifted vertically. The guide pins 13 protruding from the side plates 4 move along the guide grooves 14 of the guide column 3, and the guide grooves 14 formed in the guide column 3 are, as shown in FIG. The groove 14 has first and second guide inclined portions 14A and 14B having different inclination angles from the lower end to the upper end. And the first
Is inclined slightly outward with an inclination angle of about 3 ° with respect to the vertical line, and the second guide inclination portion 14B further extends from the first guide inclination portion 14A to the vertical line. It is bent outward with an inclination angle of about 55 °. Also, the guide grooves 14, 14 formed in the guide support 3,
The upper end edge of the guide groove 14 formed on the upper side is bent horizontally from the second guide inclined portion 14B and is opened so as to communicate with the outside of the guide column 3.

The operation of the embodiment constructed as described above will be described. First, when assembling the formwork 1, the side plates 4 are erected. In this case, a guide pin 13 integrally fixed to the side plate 4 is inserted into and engaged with guide grooves 14, 14 formed in the guide column 3, and the guide pin 13 is weighted by the weight of each side plate 4.
In 13, each side plate 4 is supported by the guide column 3 in a state where the side plate 4 rides on the lower ends of the guide grooves 14. At the same time, the latching portions 11 formed on the projecting portions 10 of the side plates 4 engage with the concave portions 12 of the bottom mold frame 6 fixed integrally with the bottom plate 2 of the mold frame 1, and The side plates 4 are positioned, and thus a space corresponding to the shape of the block surrounded by the bottom frame plate 6 and each side plate 4 is formed. Then, concrete is poured into the space surrounded by the bottom frame plate 6 and each side plate 4 to form a block 7.
Is molded. Thereafter, after the concrete filled in the mold 1 has hardened, the mold 1 is opened. This mold opening will be described mainly with reference to FIGS. First, formwork 1
By lifting the block 7 formed by the above, the block 7 and the bottom form 6 are separated from each other. However, the block 7 has a shape in which the body circumferential surface bites into the inside and the block 7 and each side plate 4 are fitted into the concave and convex. Therefore, when the block 7 is lifted,
The block 7 and each of the side plates 4 are integrally pulled up.
Further, the elevating guide plate 15 connected to the side plate 4 via the connecting arm 16 rises integrally with the side plate 4. This lift guide plate
15 is guided along the guide plate 19 and rises vertically,
The lifting guide plate 15 can be stably lifted without swinging. Then, the guide pins 13, 13 provided on each side plate 4 move along the guide grooves 14, 14 formed on the guide column 3 as the side plates 4 rise, but in the initial state when the block 7 is lifted, Guide pin for side plate 4
First, 13 and 13 move along the first guide inclined portions 14A and 14A formed at the lower end sides of the guide grooves 14 and 14, respectively. Since the first guide inclined portion 14A is inclined outward, the guide pins 13, 13 which move along the first guide inclined portion 14A move, and the side plates 4 from the block 7 are in a parallel state. , While the first guide inclined portion 14A has a slight inclination angle of about 3 ° with respect to a vertical line, so that the guide pins 13, 13 move along the first guide inclined portion 14A, 14A. In the initial moving state, the gap between the block 7 and each side plate 4 is very small as shown in FIG. Thereafter, when the guide pins 13, 13 reach the second guide inclined portions 14B, 14B, the latching portions 11 formed on the protruding portions 10 by the rise of the side plates 4 come out of the concave portions 12 of the bottom mold frame 6. As a result, the engagement between the bottom frame plate 6 and each of the side plates 4 is released, and the guide pins 13, 14 of the side plates 4 are formed by the second guide inclined portions 14B, 14B having a large inclination angle.
In the case of 13, the distance to move outward increases, and the distance between the block 7 and each side plate 4 increases. And the guide pin 13,
When 13 reaches the upper limit position of the second guide slopes 14B, 14B, the lower fixed guide pin 13 abuts against the end of the second guide slope 14B, but the upper second guide slope. Department
Since the end of 14B is open so as to communicate with the outside of the guide column 3, the upper guide pin 13 comes out of the guide groove 14, and each side plate 4 is connected to the lower guide pin as shown in FIG. Rotate outward around 13. Thus, each side plate 4 is opened, and the block 7 is removed from the mold 1.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the block 7 is lifted and the side plate 4 is raised integrally with the block 7, and the guide pins 13 of the side plate 4 are formed along the guide grooves 14, 14 formed in the guide column 3. The guide grooves 14,
The side plate 4 is separated from the block 7 by the inclination of 14, and the mold 1 is automatically opened without performing a troublesome operation such as manually opening the side plate 4. Moreover, in this embodiment, the lifting of the block and the opening of the mold 1 proceed simultaneously, and the demolding of the block 7 and the opening of the mold 1 can be performed simultaneously, thereby shortening the molding cycle of the block 7. it can. Also,
By forming first and second guide inclined portions 14A and 14B having different inclination angles in the guide groove 14 for guiding the guide pin 13, the block 7 and the side plate 4 can be connected in the initial state where the block 7 is lifted. Since the side plate 4 is separated from the block 7 so as to widen the space between the block 7 and the side plate 4 afterwards, damage to the block 7 can be suppressed and the mold can be opened efficiently. be able to. That is, in the present embodiment, the guide pin 13 of the side plate 4 is moved obliquely upward along the guide groove 14 of the guide column 3 to separate the block 7 from the side plate 4. And suddenly release, block 7
When the mold is released, the block 7 and the side plate 4 may abut, and the surface of the block 7 may be peeled off.
In this embodiment, in the initial state of the mold opening,
By moving the guide pin 13 along the first guide inclined portion 14A which is set at a slight inclination angle of about 3 ° with respect to the perpendicular, after the block 7 and each side plate 4 are gradually separated, the guide pin 13 , 13 are replaced with second guide inclined portions 14B, 14 having a large inclination angle.
B, and the side plate 4 is quickly opened, so that the mold can be opened quickly without slowing down.

Further, the lifting guide plate 15 connected to each side plate 4 via the connection arm 16 is arranged along the column 17 so that
The lifting guide plate 15 can be guided stably. In addition, when the mold is clamped, the engaging portion 11 formed on the projecting portion 10 of each side plate 4 is engaged with the concave portion 12 of the bottom mold frame 6, so that the positioning between the bottom frame plate 6 and each side plate 4 is ensured. Made in
It is possible to prevent molding defects such as gaps between the bottom frame plate 6 and the side plates 4 and leakage of concrete.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show a second embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment, portions having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and only different portions will be described.

Although the mold 1A of this embodiment has a chamfered upper end edge, a block 7A having a relatively simple shape which is almost a rectangular parallelepiped as a whole is formed, and the side plate 4 is not opened so much. In both cases, it is possible to remove the block 7A. In the present embodiment, a pivot 25 is provided at the lower end of the protruding portion 10 of the side plate 4, and the pivot 25 is pivotally supported by a receiving plate 26 fixed to the back side of the bottom form 6, and the side plate 4 and the bottom form 6 is rotatably connected to the vehicle. In addition, stoppers 27 are fixed to the guide posts 3 erected at the four corners of the bottom plate 2 of the mold frame 1 so as to abut the outer edge of the upper end of the side plate 4 at the time of mold clamping. In this embodiment, one guide pin 13 is attached to the side plate 4.
, And one guide groove 14 for inserting and engaging the guide pin 13 is provided in the guide support 3. The guide groove 14 of the guide column 3 has the first and second inclination angles different from those of the first embodiment.
Second guide inclined portions 14A and 14B are provided, and guide pins 13 provided on each side plate 4 move along guide grooves 14 formed on the guide column 3. At this time, each side plate 4 rotates outward around the pivot 25 and separates from the block 7A. Further, in the present embodiment, the lifting guide plate 15 is omitted, and through-holes 18 are formed at the four corners of the bottom form 6 so as to be fitted to the columns 17.

In this embodiment constructed as described above, the bottom form 6 is lifted when the mold is removed, and the block 7A is lifted via the bottom form 6. And
By lifting the bottom form 6, the pivot 25 is attached to the bottom form 6.
The side plates 4 connected to each other are lifted up, and the guide pins 13 provided on each side plate 4 are moved upward along the guide grooves 14 formed on the guide columns 3, so that each side plate 4 is pivoted by the pivot 25. It is pivoted outward as a center and is separated from the block 7A. Then, after separating the block 7A and the bottom form 6, the block 7A is lifted, and the block 7A and the bottom form 6 are separated and removed. Therefore, similarly to the first embodiment, the mold 1A can be opened without performing a troublesome operation such as manually opening the side plate 4. Further, in the present embodiment, when the bottom form 6 is lowered after demolding,
The guide pin 13 provided on each side plate 4 moves downward along the guide groove 14 so that the mold can be automatically clamped and there is no need to raise the mold plate 4, so that the block 7A can be formed more easily. It is.

FIGS. 8 and 9 show a third embodiment of the present invention. In the above-described embodiments, portions having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and only different portions will be described.

In the first embodiment, the ends of the upper guide grooves 14 are opened, and when the side plates 4 are opened, the upper guide pins 13 are disengaged from the guide grooves 14 so that the side plates 4 are moved downward. In the present embodiment, the guide bending portion 14C having an arc along the rotation locus of the guide pin 13 is provided at the upper end of the upper guide groove 14.
Is formed at the end of the second guide inclined portion 14B. That is, in this embodiment, when each of the guide pins 13 rises to the end of the second guide inclined portion 14B, the lower guide pin 13 abuts against the end of the second guide inclined portion 14B. On the other hand, the upper guide pin 13 moves along the guide curved portion 14C. Therefore, the side plate 4 can be stably guided for rotation. Further, in the present embodiment, a horizontal guide rod 30 is fixed to the bottom plate 2 of the mold 1, and a slide plate 31 is slidably assembled to the guide rod 30. An inclined slide guide groove 32 is formed in the slide plate 31, and an engaging pin 34 inserted into the slide guide groove 32 is fixed to a fixed plate 33 formed in the elevating guide plate 15. That is, in this embodiment, the bottom plate 2 of the mold 1 and the elevating guide plate 15
The slide plate 31 and the engagement between the slide guide groove 32 and the engagement pin 34 which are connected via an engagement pin 34 which is inserted into and engaged with the guide groove 32 of the slide plate 31, and are inclined in conjunction with the elevation of the elevation guide plate 15. The engagement moves the slide plate 31 left and right. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 9, after the mold is opened, the slide plate 31 is slid to the right side in the figure to lower the lift guide plate 15, so that the side plate 4 connected to the lift guide plate 15 via the connection link 16 is connected. Is lowered together with the lift guide plate 15. Then, the guide pins 13 formed on the elevating guide plate 15 are lowered inward along the guide grooves 14 by the lowering of the elevating guide plate 15, so that the side plate 4 is rotated in the upright direction to automatically form the mold. Be tightened.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the side plate 4
In the mold 1 for molding the block 7 having a shape that cannot be removed from the mold unless the mold is largely opened, the mold 1 can be opened without performing the troublesome operation of manually opening the side plate 4 as in the above-described embodiment. After removal from the mold, the slide guide plate 15 is slid to lower the elevating guide plate 15, and the guide pins 13 provided on each side plate 4 are moved downward along the guide groove 14 on the inner surface. The mold can be automatically closed.

As described above, one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention. For example, the configuration of the mold, the shape of the block to be molded, or the configuration for guiding the block when lifting the block may be appropriately selected. Further, the inclination angle of the guide inclined portion formed in the guide groove may be appropriately set according to the timing of opening the side plate. In each of the above embodiments, the guide pin is provided on the side plate, and the guide groove is provided on the guide post side. However, on the contrary, the guide groove is provided on the side plate, and the guide pin is provided on the guide support side. You may do so. Further, in the first and third embodiments, in the form of forming a block having an undercut, an example is shown in which the block is lifted, the side plate is lifted up in unison, and the mold is opened. The mold of the present invention may of course be a mold having no undercut, and the shape of the block to be molded is not limited at all. In addition,
When a block having no undercut is formed, the side plate for lifting the elevating guide plate may be raised. Further, the first embodiment having an undercut and the third embodiment
Also in the embodiment, the lifting guide plate may be lifted to raise the side plate. In this case, the side plate and the block will be lifted in separate processes, respectively, and the number of processes will be slightly increased.
When the side plate is opened, the side plate does not come into contact with the block, and the block is less likely to be damaged.

[0022]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a formwork having a bottom formwork and a side plate provided on a peripheral portion of the bottom formwork, and concrete is filled inside the formwork to form a block. A guide column for guiding and holding the side plate so as to be able to move up and down at four corners of the bottom mold frame, and a guide groove inclined outward to one of the guide column and the side plate. And a guide pin inserted into and engaged with the guide groove to hold the side plate on the guide column is provided on the other of the guide column or the side plate, and a guide that moves along the guide groove by the upward movement of the side plate. Since the pin is moved away from the block to open the mold, when the block is lifted and the side plate is raised, the guide pin moves along the guide groove, and the side plate and the block are separated. Or , It is possible to mold opening of no mold to perform a troublesome operation such as opening the plate manually.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the concrete mold opening device according to the first aspect, the guide grooves are formed with guide inclined portions having different inclination angles vertically connected to each other. Since the inclination angle of the guide inclined portion located on the lower side is set smaller than the inclination angle on the upper side, in the initial state of mold opening, the side plate is quickly opened after the block and the side plate gradually separate. Therefore, damage to the block can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a mold showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the guide post according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same formwork.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an initial state of the mold opening;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the mold opening is completed.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a mold showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing the same mold open state.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a mold showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a main part of the above.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1A Form 3 Guide column 4 Side plate 6 Bottom form 7, 7A Block 13 Guide pin 14 Guide groove 14A, 14B Guide inclined part

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A concrete formwork provided with a formwork having a bottom formwork and side plates provided on a peripheral portion of the bottom formwork, and filling the inside of the formwork with concrete to form a block. A guide post for guiding and holding the side plate so as to be able to move up and down freely is provided upright at four corners of the bottom formwork, and a guide groove inclined outward is formed in one of the guide post and the side plate, and the guide post or the side plate is formed. On the other side, there is provided a guide pin that is inserted into and engaged with the guide groove to hold the side plate on the guide post, and the guide pin that moves along the guide groove by the upward movement of the side plate moves in a direction away from the block. A mold opening device for a concrete formwork configured to be opened by being opened. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the guide groove is formed with a plurality of guide inclined portions having different inclination angles vertically connected to each other, and the inclination angle of the guide inclination portion located on the lower side is set smaller than the inclination angle on the upper side. The mold opening device for a concrete formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that: