JPH10128100A - Control method of granulator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To unnecessitate monitoring lay always attending an operator, and to precise control in accordance with a change in properties of fed material supplied, and to operate a granulator in a proper state. SOLUTION: Fed material such as refuse supplied by a supplying device with fixed quantity 8 is granulated into a fixed shape by a die 3 and a roller 4. In this case, based on the current value of a driving source 6 for driving the roller 4 and a change rate thereof, the fuzzy inference is used to control the supply velocity of the supplying device with fixed quantity 8. Besides the current value of the driving source 6 and the change rate thereof, the temperature of the die 3 is also used, and the fuzzy inference is used to control the supply velocity of the supplying device with fixed quantity 8.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling a granulating apparatus for granulating and forming an input material such as waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-34797, a die having a plurality of small holes vertically penetrated in a housing is provided substantially horizontally, and a die is provided on the die. Rollers are arranged so as to freely roll, and the rollers are rolled on the dies by a drive motor, so that the input material, such as waste, input from the input port at the top of the housing is pushed downward through the small holes of the dies, and the dies are rotated. There is provided a granulating apparatus for performing granulation by cutting with a cutting apparatus arranged below the cutting apparatus.

[0003] In such a granulating apparatus,
The following control has been performed in order to balance the supply amount of waste to the granulator and the granulating capacity of the granulator and to smoothly operate the granulator. While monitoring the current value of the roller drive motor, the operator controls the supply amount of waste by changing the supply speed of the fixed-quantity supply device in accordance with the change in the current value. The supply speed of the fixed amount supply device is controlled from the current value of the drive motor of the granulation device using a general-purpose PID control device.

[0004]

However, the above control has the following problems.

[0005] First, in the above control, it is necessary to arrange several workers for monitoring the granulating apparatus at all times, which increases running costs and burdens the workers.

In the above PID control, the supply speed of the fixed-quantity supply device is adjusted according to the current value of the drive motor of the granulation device at the present time. For this reason, it takes time until the current of the drive motor of the granulator changes after the supply speed is changed, and depending on the nature of the waste, the change in the supply speed is not enough and the granulator is overloaded and stops. Things happen. Further, since the load state of the granulating device changes depending on the die temperature, the feeding speed may change even when it is not necessary to change the feeding speed.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling a granulating apparatus in which a material such as waste supplied by a fixed amount supplying apparatus is granulated into a predetermined shape by a die and a roller. In the granulating apparatus, the supply speed of the quantitative supply device is controlled using fuzzy inference based on a current value of a drive source for driving the roller and a rate of change thereof.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for controlling a granulating apparatus, comprising the steps of: The supply speed of the fixed quantity supply device is controlled using fuzzy inference based on a die temperature, a current value of a drive source for driving the roller, and a change rate of the current value.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic configuration of a granulating apparatus for implementing the method for controlling a granulating apparatus according to the present invention.

The granulating apparatus 1 comprises a cylindrical housing 2, a die 3 provided in the housing 2,
The housing 2 includes a roller 4 that rolls on the die 3 provided in the housing 2 and a cutting device 5 provided below the die 3 in the housing 2.

The housing 2 has an upper portion formed with a charging port 21 for charging a material to be charged, and a lower portion formed with a discharging port 22, and a discharging chute (not shown) is connected to the discharging port 22. .

The die 3 is formed in a disk shape having a predetermined thickness, and is disposed in a substantially horizontal state at an intermediate portion in the housing 2. It is partitioned into a granulation chamber 2a and a lower cutting chamber 2b.

The die 3 has a plurality of small holes 31 penetrating vertically.

The rollers 4 are disposed in the granulation chamber 2a, and are mounted on the drive shaft 61 via roller holders 7 at target positions.

On the outer peripheral surface of the roller 4, a plurality of grooves 41 are formed at regular intervals in the width direction.

The roller holder 7 has a scraper (not shown) that moves along the inner peripheral surface of the housing 2 in addition to the rollers 4 and four scrapers between the four rollers 4 and at target positions. Is provided. The scraper functions as a guide for removing the deposits attached to the inner peripheral surface of the housing 2 and guiding the scraped-off deposits to the center of the die 3.

The drive shaft 61 is vertically supported in the housing 2 by passing through the center of the die 3, and its lower end extends downward through the cutting chamber 2b. It is connected to an output shaft of a drive motor 6 as a drive source via a speed reducer and a transmission mechanism.

Accordingly, the drive shaft 61 is rotated by the rotation of the drive motor 6, and the roller 4 rolls on the die 3 around the drive shaft 61 by the rotation of the drive shaft 61.

The roller holder 7 includes a drive shaft 6
1 is provided so as to be slidable in the vertical direction and to rotate integrally with the drive shaft 61 in the rotation direction.

The cutting device 5 is connected to the drive shaft 6 via a mounting member 51 integrally fixed to the drive shaft 61.
Two cutting blades 52 are provided at one target position.

The cutting blade 52 is arranged so that the position where the small hole 31 of the die 3 is formed coincides with the rotational trajectory, and the semi-fluid material extruded from the small hole 31 of the die 3 is reduced to a predetermined size. Disconnect.

Further, a quantitative supply device 8 is connected to the inlet 21 of the granulation device 1. The constant-quantity supply device 8 supplies a constant amount of the waste material supplied to the hopper 82 from the discharge port 83 by the rotation of the screw 81. The waste supplied by the fixed amount supply device 8 has been dried in advance.

Next, the granulating apparatus 1 configured as described above
For example, the operation of granulating and shaping waste will be briefly described.

First, the waste material dried by an appropriate drying means is supplied to the granulation chamber 2a from the inlet 21 by the quantitative supply device 8.
To The input waste is pressed into the small holes 31 of the die 3 while being pressed against the die 3 by the rollers 4 rolling on the die 3 in the granulation chamber 2a,
The plastics in the refuse are melted by the action of the heated dies, and the melt acts as a binder to make the waste semi-fluid and discharge it from the small holes 31 to the cutting chamber 2b in a continuous state.

Then, this is cut by a cutting blade 52 rotating below the die 3 to granulate to a predetermined size and discharged from the discharge port 22.

Here, the granulator for granulating the input material such as waste as described above is controlled by the control method of the granulator according to the first aspect.

This control method controls the supply speed of the quantitative supply device 8 using fuzzy inference based on the current value of the drive motor 6 of the granulation device 1 and the rate of change thereof.

The current value of the drive motor 6 is linked to the load of the roller 4 which rolls on the die 3 by the drive motor 6. For example, when the waste is excessively supplied into the granulation chamber 2a, the load acting on the roller 4 for pressing the waste with the die becomes large, and the driving for driving the roller 4 accordingly. This is because the current value of the motor 6 also increases.

Hereinafter, control of the granulating apparatus 1 by fuzzy inference will be described in detail.

FIG. 1 shows a rule, and FIG. 2 shows a membership function.

The above rule assumes that the current value MI of the drive motor and the rate of change ΔMI are two conditions, and concludes the supply speed of the quantitative supply device.

An example of this rule is that if the current value MI of the drive motor is slightly lower than the rated value (NS) and the rate of change ΔMI is moderately large (PM), If the current value MI of the drive motor is slightly lower than the rated value (NM) and the rate of change ΔMI is not present (ZR), the supply speed of the fixed amount supply device 8 is reduced. Supply speed is slightly increased (PS). "

Further, the label has a very large PL, PM
Is medium large, PS is slightly large, ZR is almost zero, NS is slightly small, NM is moderately small, and NL is very small.

These rules and membership functions are:
Created based on rules of thumb.

Then, in accordance with the above rule, the grade MIN of the current value MI of the drive motor and the rate of change ΔMI thereof
Then, the center of gravity is calculated according to each grade obtained from this, and as a result, the supply speed of the quantitative supply device 8 is determined.

The fuzzy inference described above is performed by the control device 9 shown in FIG.

As described above, based on the current value MI of the drive motor 6 of the granulating apparatus 1 and the rate of change ΔMI thereof, the supply speed of the quantitative supply apparatus 8 is controlled using fuzzy inference, so that the die 3 The feed rate of the fixed-quantity feeding device 8 is adjusted while predicting the load acting on the roller 4 in the future from the load acting on the rolling roller 4 and the rate of change of the load. The input amount of the input material can be adjusted.

Next, a control method of the granulating apparatus according to the second aspect will be described.

This control method is based on the temperature of the die 3 of the granulating apparatus 1, the current value of the drive motor 6, and the rate of change of the current value, using the fuzzy inference to determine the supply speed of the quantitative supply apparatus 8. Is controlled.

The current value of the drive motor 6 is linked to the load of the roller 4 which rolls on the die 3 by the drive motor 6. For example, when the waste is excessively supplied into the granulation chamber 2a, the load acting on the roller 4 for pressing the waste with the die becomes large, and the driving for driving the roller 4 accordingly. This is because the current value of the motor 6 also increases.

Hereinafter, control of the granulating apparatus 1 by fuzzy inference will be described in detail.

FIG. 5 shows Rule 1, FIG. 6 shows Rule 2, and FIG. 7 shows the membership function.

The above rules 1 and 2 are based on the temperature of the die 3 and
The current value MI of the drive motor and the change rate ΔM of this current value
I is set to three conditions, and the supply speed of the fixed-quantity supply device 8 is concluded.

The rules 1 and 2 are, for example, as follows:
"If the die temperature T is moderately low, the current value MI of the drive motor is slightly lower than the rated value (NS), and the rate of change ΔMI is moderately large (PM), the supply speed of the fixed amount supply device 8 is reduced. Slightly slower (NS). ”,“ Dice temperature T is moderately low, and drive motor current value M
If I is slightly lower than the rated value (NM) and there is no change rate ΔMI (ZR), the supply speed of the quantitative supply device 8 is slightly increased (PS). ”,“ Die temperature T ”
Is moderately high, the current value MI of the drive motor is slightly lower than the rated value (NS), and the rate of change ΔMI is moderately large (PM), the supply speed of the quantitative supply device 8 is not changed (ZR ). And so on.

Also, the label has a very large PL, PM
Is medium large, PS is slightly large, ZR is almost zero, NS is slightly small, NM is moderately small, and NL is very small.

These rules and membership functions are:
Created based on rules of thumb.

Then, the MIN of the grade of the current value MI of the drive motor and the rate of change ΔMI is calculated according to the above rules 1 and 2, and the center of gravity is calculated according to each grade obtained from this. Determine the speed.

The above-described fuzzy inference is performed by the control device 9 shown in FIG.

Thus, the temperature T of the die 3 of the granulator 1
By controlling the supply speed of the quantitative supply device 8 using fuzzy inference based on the current value MI of the drive motor 6 and the change rate ΔMI of the current value, the temperature change of the die 3 The supply speed of the fixed-quantity supply device 8 is adjusted while predicting the load acting on the roller 4 in the future from the load acting on the roller 4 and the rate of change of the load more accurately. The amount of input materials such as waste can be adjusted

[0051]

As described above, according to the control method of the granulating apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, fuzzy inference is used based on the current value of the drive source for driving the roller and the rate of change. By controlling the supply speed of the quantitative supply device, the supply speed of the quantitative supply device is predicted while predicting the load acting on the roller rolling on the die and the load acting on the future roller from the change rate of the load. It is possible to adjust the input amount of input materials such as waste into the granulator by adjusting it. Thus, the granulation apparatus can be controlled accurately in accordance with the change in the properties of the granules, and the granulating apparatus can be smoothly operated in an appropriate state.

According to the control method of the granulating apparatus, the fuzzy inference is performed based on the temperature of the die, the current value of the driving source for driving the roller, and the rate of change of the current value. By controlling the supply speed of the fixed-quantity feeding device, the load acting on the rollers rolling on the dies and the load acting on the rollers and the rate of change of the load can be predicted more accurately while predicting the load acting on the rollers in the future. Since the feed rate of the feeder can be adjusted to adjust the amount of the input material such as waste into the granulator, there is no need for the operator to constantly monitor the feed as in the past, and In addition, it is possible to more accurately control according to the change in the properties of the supplied input material, and the granulating apparatus can be smoothly operated in an appropriate state. This also allows for fully automated operation of the granulator.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a rule in fuzzy inference.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a membership function in fuzzy inference.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a control device.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing the configuration of the granulating apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of rules in fuzzy inference.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a rule in fuzzy inference.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a membership function in fuzzy inference.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a control device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Granulator 3 Dice 4 Roller 6 Drive motor (drive source) 7 Metering device MI Current value of drive motor ΔMI Change rate of current value of drive motor T Temperature of die

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A granulating apparatus for granulating an input material such as waste supplied by a fixed-quantity feeding apparatus into a fixed shape by using a die and a roller, wherein a current value of a driving source for driving the roller, a change ratio thereof, And controlling the supply speed of the quantitative supply device using fuzzy inference based on the control method. 2. A granulating apparatus for granulating an input material such as waste supplied by a fixed-quantity feeding apparatus into a fixed shape by using a die and a roller, wherein a temperature of the die and a current of a drive source for driving the roller are provided. A method for controlling a granulating device, comprising controlling a supply speed of the quantitative supply device using fuzzy inference based on a value and a change rate of the current value.