JPH08266884A - Granulator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a device capable of efficient granulation. CONSTITUTION: A die 3 is almost horizontally fitted in a housing 2, the housing is divided into a granulating chamber 2a and a cutting chamber 2b. A material charged from a feed port 21 is extruded downward by a roller 4 set freely rollably on the die 3 through the small hole 31 of the die 3, cut by a cutting means 6 and granulated in this granulator, and a heating means 2c is arranged on the peripheral face of the granulating chamber 2a of the housing 2. Besides, the roller 4 is vertically movably furnished, the upward movement is controlled by a control member 82 through an elastic body 9. Further, the roll 4 is fixed to a driving shaft 7 through a roller holder 8, and the holder 8 is provided with a scraper 5. The scraper 5 has a cutting blade 52 arranged close to the inner wall of the granulating chamber 2a to cut off the charge material depositing on the inner wall onto the die 3.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a granulating apparatus for granulating an input material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as seen in Japanese Patent Publication No. 34977/1990, a die having a plurality of small holes vertically penetrating is provided substantially horizontally in a housing, and a roller is provided on the die. Is rotatably arranged, and when this roller rolls on the die, the material input from the input port at the top of the housing is pushed downward through the small holes in the die, and the cutting device placed below the die. There is provided a granulating device for cutting and granulating with.

[0003]

For example, when dust is thrown in as a charging material, the granulation molding of the dust by the above-mentioned granulating apparatus is carried out by pressing the dry dust between the die and the roller to form small holes in the die. By melting the plastics in the waste with a die heated when passing through the small holes of the die, the melt acts as a binder to semi-fluidize the waste, and then by a cutting device. It is cut into a predetermined size and molded.

Therefore, when the temperature of the die is low, the plastics do not melt, so that they do not serve as a binder and are not formed into granules. Therefore, in the above-described conventional granulating apparatus, when performing granulation molding, it is necessary to carry out a preliminary operation in which sawdust or the like is charged and the sawdust is passed through a die to heat the die. There is a problem that the molding efficiency is poor because the work requires labor and time.

Further, foreign matter in the dust may be caught between the roller rolling on the die and the die. In such a state in which the foreign matter in the dust is caught, the rolling of the roller is hindered. Therefore, there is a problem that an overcurrent may be generated in the drive motor that is moving the roller and the apparatus may stop, resulting in a decrease in molding efficiency.

[0006]

In the granulating apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, a die having a plurality of small holes vertically penetrating is provided in a housing in a substantially horizontal manner, and the housing is provided above the die. It is divided into a granulation chamber and a cutting chamber at the bottom of the die, and the input material charged from the input port at the top of the housing is pushed downward through the small holes of the die by a roller rotatably provided on the die, In a granulating apparatus which cuts and granulates by a cutting means arranged below, a heating means is provided on the peripheral surface of the granulating chamber of the housing.

In the granulating apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention, a die having a plurality of small holes vertically penetrating is provided substantially horizontally in the housing, and the housing has a granulating chamber above the die and a lower portion of the die. The cutting chamber is divided into the cutting chamber of the die, and the roller provided on the die rollably pushes the feeding material fed from the feeding port at the upper part of the housing downward through the small holes of the die, and the cutting placed below the die. In the granulating device for cutting and granulating by means, the roller is provided so as to be movable up and down, and the upward movement is regulated by a regulating member via an elastic body.

In the granulating apparatus according to claim 3 of the present invention, the roller is provided through a roller holder on a drive shaft that is vertically inserted through the center of the die.
The roller holder is provided with a scraper for removing the input material adhering to the inner wall of the granulation chamber from the inner wall.

In the granulating apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the scraper is disposed in the vicinity of the inner wall of the granulating chamber, and the material adhering to the inner wall is placed on the die at a position adjacent to the inner wall. It is formed with a scraping blade part.

A granulating apparatus according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the granulating apparatus according to the second, third or fourth aspect, wherein heating means is provided on the peripheral surface of the granulating chamber of the housing. .

[0011]

In the granulating apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, by heating the granulating chamber and the die to a predetermined temperature in advance by the heating device, as in the conventional case, when the granulating molding is started, sawdust or the like is removed. There is no need to turn it on and start it up.

In the granulating apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, the roller is provided so as to be movable up and down, and the upward movement is regulated by the regulation member via the elastic body. Even if a foreign substance in the dust is caught between the roller and the roller, the elasticity of the elastic body causes the roller to move upward and avoid the trapping.

In the granulating apparatus according to the third and fourth aspects of the present invention, the roller holder is provided with the roller and the scraper for removing the charged material adhering to the inner wall of the granulating chamber from the inner wall, whereby the roller is rolled. The dust that is pushed out to the rear of the roller by the movement and adheres to the inner wall is scraped off from the inner wall onto the die by the scraper blade portion of the scraper.

According to the granulating apparatus of claim 5 of the present invention, in the granulating apparatus of claim 2, 3 or 4,
Since the heating means is provided on the peripheral surface of the granulation chamber of the housing, the function of claim 1 can be provided.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a granulating apparatus according to the present invention.

The granulating apparatus 1 comprises a cylindrical housing 2 and a die 3 provided in the housing 2.
A roller 4 that rolls on the die 3 provided in the housing 2, a scraper 5 that is provided above the die 3 and moves along the inner peripheral surface of the housing 2, and a housing 2
Cutting device (cutting means) provided below the die 3 in the
6 is provided.

The housing 2 has a charging port 21 for charging a charging material in the upper part thereof, a discharging port 22 in the lower part thereof, and a discharging chute 23 connected to the discharging port 22.

The die 3 is formed in a disk shape having a predetermined thickness. As shown in FIG. 3, this die 3 is supported by the bottom of the recess 25 by fitting a bolt 3a fixedly mounted on the peripheral surface of the die 3 into a recess 25 formed in the housing 2 from above. Is arranged in a substantially horizontal state in the middle of the housing 2.

Therefore, the inside of the housing 2 is divided by the die 3 into an upper granulation chamber 2a and a lower cutting chamber 2b.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the die 3 is formed with a plurality of small holes 31 penetrating vertically.

The rollers 4 are arranged in the granulation chamber 2a, and as shown in FIG. 2, two rollers 4 are attached to the drive shaft 7 via roller holders 8 at target positions. Note that FIG. 1 only shows the roller 4 and the scraper 5 at the target positions for convenience.

On the outer peripheral surface of the roller 4, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of grooves 41 are formed at regular intervals in the width direction.

The drive shaft 7 is inserted through the center of the die 3 and is axially supported in the housing 2 in the vertical direction. The roller 4 is provided at a position located in the granulation chamber 2a.
Are provided via the roller holder 8.

The lower end of the drive shaft 7 penetrates the cutting chamber 2b and extends downward to be connected to the speed reducer 71.

The speed reducer 71 is connected to an output shaft of a drive motor 75 via a transmission mechanism including pulleys 72, 73 and a belt 74. The drive shaft of the drive motor 75 is rotated to rotate the drive shaft 7. The rotation of the drive shaft 7 causes the roller 4 to roll on the die 3 about the drive shaft 7.

The roller holder 8 includes a drive shaft 7
The drive shaft 7 such that the drive shaft 7 is slidable in the vertical direction and integrally rotates in the rotation direction of the rotary shaft 7.
Is provided via a key member 81.

The upward sliding of the roller holder 8 is regulated by a regulating member 82 provided at the upper end of the drive shaft 7.

The regulating member 82 is the drive shaft 7
Is constituted by a nut screwed into the upper end of the disc holder, and a disc spring (elastic body) 9 is interposed between the regulating member 82 and the upper end surface of the roller holder 8.

By thus interposing the disc spring 9 between the regulating member 82 and the roller holder 8, the disc spring 9 is
The elasticity of the roller holder 8 allows the roller holder 8 to slide upward, and the roller 4 provided integrally with the roller holder 8 can also move upward.

The scraper 5 is arranged at a target position of the roller holder 8 and between the rollers 4 and 4. That is, the roller 4 and the scraper 5 are attached to the roller holder 8 by 90
The scrapers 5 are provided at a pitch of each other, and both of them rotate around the drive shaft 7 as the drive shaft 7 rotates. The scraper 5 is formed in a U-shape, and one piece is attached to the roller holder 8. With the attachment piece 51,
The other piece is formed as a scraping blade portion 52 which is arranged vertically close to the inner peripheral surface of the housing 2.

The sharpening blade portion 52 has a sharpening blade 53 (see FIG. 2).
(Refer to FIG. 3) is formed, and the scraping blade 53 removes the sticking matter attached to the inner peripheral surface of the housing 2, and the slanted surface forming the scraping blade 53 removes the sticking matter to the center side of the die 3. It also serves as a guide.

A heating device (heating means) 2c is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the granulation chamber 2a of the housing 2.
This heating device 2c uses, for example, a so-called heater in which an electrothermal coil is incorporated in a plate, and the heating device 2c heats the inside of the granulation chamber 2a and the die 3 via the outer peripheral wall of the granulation chamber 2a. . Dice 3 by heating device 2c
The heating is set to the temperature at which the plastics in the waste melt.

The cutting device 6 is provided with a cutting blade 62 at a target position of the drive shaft 7 via an attachment member 61 integrally fixed to the drive shaft 7.

The cutting blade 62 is arranged so that the position where the small hole 31 of the die 3 is formed coincides with the rotation trajectory, and the semi-fluid dust pushed out from the small hole 31 of the die 3 is predetermined. Cut to size.

Next, the operation of granulating the input material by the granulating apparatus 1 thus constructed will be described. In this example, the case of performing granulation molding using dust as the input material will be described as an example.

First, the dust is put into the granulation chamber 2a through the feed port 21 in a state of being dried by an appropriate drying means. It should be noted that the heating device 2c is actuated in advance before starting the introduction of dust, and the inside of the granulation chamber 2a and the die 3 are heated to a predetermined temperature by the heating device 2c.

Therefore, the granulating chamber 2a and the die 3 can be preheated to a predetermined temperature by the heating device 2c simply by turning on the operation switch. It is no longer necessary to add powder or the like for start-up operation, and the work of adding sawdust or the like is not necessary, and the time required for start-up operation can be reduced, improving work efficiency. be able to.

Next, the introduced dust is pressed into the small hole 31 of the die 3 while being pressed against the die 3 by the roller 4 rolling on the die 3 in the granulation chamber 2a. At this time, the plastics in the waste are melted by the heating by the heating device 2c, the melt serves as a binder to make the waste semi-fluid, and the semi-fluid waste is passed from the small holes 31 to the cutting chamber 2b. It is discharged continuously.

Then, this is cut by a cutting blade 62 that rotates below the die 3 to granulate it into a predetermined size and discharge it from the discharge port 22.

Here, even when a hard foreign substance such as a metal piece contained in the thrown-in dust is caught between the roller 4 and the die 3 at the time of the above-mentioned granulation molding, the roller 4 still remains. By moving upward by the disc spring 9, biting can be avoided, the roller 4 can smoothly roll without stopping, and the drive shaft 7 is not overloaded. Therefore, it is possible to continue the operation without causing the operation to stop due to this, and it is possible to perform the molding efficiently.

When the dust is pushed by the rolling of the roller 4, a part of the pushed dust is pushed out to the rear of the roller 4, and the pushed dust is formed in the granulation chamber 2
A phenomenon occurs in which it adheres to the inner wall of a like a donut. As a result, the efficiency of forming the thrown-in dust is lowered, and the dust is gradually increased to the central portion, which causes the rolling of the rollers to be hindered.

Therefore, the scraping blade 53 of the scraper 5 which rotates together with the roller 4 scrapes off the adhered matter from the inner wall, and guides it on the orbit along which the roller 4 rolls on the surface of the scraping blade 53. As a result, the granulation molding can be smoothly and efficiently performed.

In the present example, the heater has been described as an example of the heating means. However, the heating means is not limited to the heater, and for example, hot air steam may be supplied to heat the die 3. However, heating by a heater has an advantage that temperature control is easy.

Further, the elastic body is not limited to the disc spring, but may be a coil spring or the like.

Further, in this example, the granulation and molding of dust is described, but the granulating apparatus of the present invention is not limited to dust and can be granulated and molded as long as it is a granulable material.

[0047]

As described above, according to the granulating apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the granulating chamber and the die can be preheated to a predetermined temperature by the heating device, and as in the conventional case, At the start of granulation molding, it is no longer necessary to add sawdust and start-up operation, which eliminates the need to add sawdust and reduces the time required for start-up operation. Therefore, the working efficiency can be improved.

According to the granulating apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, the roller is provided so as to be movable up and down, and the upward movement is regulated by the regulating member via the elastic body. Even if a foreign substance in the dust gets caught between the die and the die, the elasticity of the elastic body allows the roller to move upward and avoid the bite, so the roller does not stop and smoothly. Since it can roll and the drive shaft is not overloaded, it can be continuously operated and the molding efficiency is good.

According to the granulating apparatus of the third and fourth aspects of the present invention, the roller holder is provided with the roller and the scraper for removing the charged material adhering to the inner wall of the granulating chamber from the inner wall. The dust that is pushed out to the rear of the roller and adheres to the inner wall by the rolling of the scraper can be scraped off from the inner wall onto the die by the scraper blade of the scraper, and granulation molding can be performed without hindering the rolling of the roller. Can be performed smoothly and efficiently.

According to the granulating apparatus of claim 5 of the present invention, in the granulating apparatus of claim 2, 3 or 4,
Since the heating means is provided on the peripheral surface of the granulation chamber of the housing, the effect of claim 1 can be provided together.
Further, the molding efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a structure of a granulating apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a mounting state of a die.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a part of a die.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a part of a roller.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Granulator 2 Housing 2a Granulation chamber 2b Cutting chamber 2c Heating device (heating means) 21 Input port 22 Discharge port 3 Dice 31 Small hole 4 Roller 5 Scraper 52 Saw blade 6 Cutting device (cutting device) 7 Drive shaft 8 Roller holder 82 Control member 9 Disc spring (elastic body)

Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Masanori Morinaga 6-107 Takino-cho, Nishinomiya-shi, Hyogo Shinmeiwa Industrial Co., Ltd. Development Technology Headquarters (72) Inventor Takashi Watanabe 6-107 Takino-cho, Nishinomiya-shi, Hyogo New Meiwa Industry Co., Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A die having a plurality of small holes penetrating vertically is provided substantially horizontally in a housing, and the housing is divided into a granulation chamber above the die and a cutting chamber below the die. A granulating device for extruding the input material input from the input port in the upper part of the housing downward through a small hole of the die by a roller provided rotatably in the housing, and cutting the material by cutting means arranged below the die to granulate. 2. The granulating apparatus, wherein a heating means is provided on the peripheral surface of the granulating chamber of the housing. 2. A die having a plurality of small holes penetrating vertically is provided substantially horizontally in a housing, and the housing is divided into a granulating chamber above the die and a cutting chamber below the die. A granulating device for extruding the input material input from the input port in the upper part of the housing downward through a small hole of the die by a roller provided rotatably in the housing, and cutting the material by cutting means arranged below the die to granulate. 2. The granulating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the roller is provided so as to be movable up and down, and the upward movement is regulated by a regulation member via an elastic body. 3. The roller is provided through a roller holder on a drive shaft that is vertically inserted through the center of the die, and the roller holder is provided with the charging material attached to the inner wall of the granulation chamber. The granulator according to claim 2, further comprising a scraper that is removed from the inner wall. 4. The scraper is arranged near an inner wall of the granulation chamber, and a shaving blade portion is formed at a portion close to the inner wall so as to drop the input material adhering to the inner wall onto a die. 3. The granulating apparatus according to 3. 5. The granulating apparatus according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein a heating means is provided on the peripheral surface of the granulating chamber of the housing.