JPH10118619A - Process and device for drying garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dry garbage to an optimum water content and perform the energy saving. SOLUTION: In a process in which garbage is heated in a heating tank 4 and air A is fed into the heating tank 4, vapor B generated from the garbage is introduced into a condenser 12 and condensed therein to reduce the volume of garbage, the temperature of exhaust air containing vapor B flowing in the condenser 12 is sensed and the drying state of garbage is sensed by the temperature varying with time, and when the desired content is reached, heating is interrupted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage drying apparatus for appropriately drying garbage with a heater.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A garbage drying treatment device is a garbage (vegetable waste, garbage, etc.) with a large amount of water discharged from a kitchen in a restaurant or the like.
For example, a stirring member is provided in a heating tank provided with a heater, raw garbage is put in from above, the lid is covered, crushed, and heated while stirring to remove water. The volume is reduced by evaporation.

[0003] In this type of drying apparatus, the operation of a heater or the like is usually started or stopped manually. However, the state of the object to be processed is detected by a sensor such as a steam temperature sensor and a desired value is obtained. There has also been proposed a configuration in which the operation is automatically stopped when a dry state is reached.

For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a garbage disposal apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-253558 has a microwave garbage container 71 containing garbage.
2 heats the garbage. Then, the steam generated by the heating is condensed by passing through the condensing section 73, the condensed water is discharged, and the separated air is sucked by the deodorizer 74 to be deodorized. A temperature detector 76 for detecting the temperature of steam is formed in a steam flow path 75 connecting the garbage container 71 and the condensing section 73, and rises when the garbage drying process is almost completed. The heating is stopped by detecting the temperature of the steam to be heated.

The provision of such an automatic stop function makes it possible to minimize power consumption.

[0006]

However, in the above-mentioned garbage processing apparatus, the set temperature of the steam for stopping the heating is higher than 100 ° C., that is, 100 to 130 ° C.
Therefore, there is a problem that the garbage is excessively dried and wasteful power is wasted.

Accordingly, the present invention has been devised to provide a garbage drying method and an apparatus for drying garbage, which can be dried to an optimum moisture content and can save energy.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention heats garbage in a heating tank, supplies air into the heating tank, and condenses steam generated from the garbage together with discharged air. In the garbage drying treatment method for reducing the volume of garbage by introducing the garbage into the garbage, the temperature of the exhaust air containing steam flowing through the condenser is detected, and the drying state of the garbage is determined based on the temperature change over time. Is detected and the heating is stopped when a desired water content is reached.

[0009] Then, between the garbage evaporation region where the temperature is substantially constant from the above-mentioned temperature change over time and the drying region where the temperature gradually decreases as the drying process is approached, and the time point when the drying is substantially completed and the temperature rises. It is desirable to detect a change in temperature of the sample and stop the heating when the temperature rise is detected.

According to the above method, in a garbage drying treatment apparatus that supplies air into the heating tank and introduces steam into the condenser, the temperature of the steam is temporarily reduced from the garbage evaporation region and then increased again. In response to the change characteristics, the heating is stopped when a temperature rise that occurs when drying is substantially completed from the change over time is detected, so that the garbage can have a desired optimum moisture content, thereby wasting power. Can be prevented to improve heating efficiency and energy saving, and also prevent excessive drying and temperature rise of garbage.

Further, it is preferable that a temperature at which the temperature rises due to the above-mentioned temporal change of the temperature is set in advance, and the heating is stopped when the temperature of the discharged air reaches the set temperature.

According to the above method, it is only necessary to detect that the temperature of the discharged air has reached the set temperature, and the control thereof is simplified.

As an apparatus for carrying out the above method, a heating tank into which garbage is charged, fresh air introduction means for supplying air into the heating tank, and discharging exhaust air containing steam from the heating tank. In a garbage drying treatment apparatus provided with a steam pipe and a condenser connected to the steam pipe, a temperature sensor is provided in the steam pipe leading to the condenser, and the temperature of the heating tank is determined based on a change over time in the detection value of the temperature sensor. And a control means for stopping the heating in the step (a).

[0014] The control means may be arranged such that the temperature at which the garbage is completely dried is set in advance and the heating is stopped when the detection value of the temperature sensor falls to the set temperature. Good.

Further, the control means includes a timer means for stopping the heating when the garbage has substantially entered the heating and drying operation and the timer is operated and the time is up irrespective of the detection value of the temperature sensor. If anything,
Even if a temperature sensor or the like breaks down, heating can be automatically stopped, so that reliability and reliability can be improved.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the overall configuration of a garbage drying apparatus to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. The garbage drying apparatus 1 includes a heating mechanism 2 for heating and drying garbage, and a deodorizing and discharging mechanism 3 for deodorizing and discharging steam generated by heating.

The heating mechanism 2 is provided with a heating tank 4 into which the garbage is put.
A stirring member 5 for stirring is provided, and a heater 6 that generates heat when energized is embedded in the bottom and the periphery of the heating tank 4. A lid 7 is provided at an upper opening of the heating tank 4, and after the garbage is put in, the lid 7 is closed to keep the inside of the heating tank 4 in a sealed state. The stirring member 5 is provided with a drive motor 8 for rotating the stirring member 5 and is connected to each other by a rotation transmitting means 9. And heating tank 4
Is provided with a fresh air introduction passage 10, and a blower 11 provided at the tip thereof forcibly pushes out the steam B in the heating tank 4 by pumping outside air as fresh air A.

The deodorizing and discharging mechanism 3 includes a condenser (condenser) 12 which is a water / water separator for separating the discharged air containing the steam B from the heating tank 4 into water and water, and a separated gas G.
And a heat exchanger 14 for raising the temperature of fresh air A in the fresh air introduction passage 10 by the gas G passing through the deodorant heater 13. Condenser 1
2 is provided with a cooling fan 15 and is cooled by the suction air C.

Therefore, the garbage put into the heating tank 4 is
The powder is stirred while being pulverized by the rotation of the stirring member 5, and the water is gradually evaporated by the heat of the heater 6, so that the weight and the capacity are reduced. Solid matter remaining as a result of the drying is discharged from an outlet 16a formed in the heating tank 4.
The discharge door 16b provided in the housing surrounding the heating tank 4 is opened and taken out, buried in the soil and recycled as a raw material for fertilizer, or incinerated together with general waste. And the steam B generated with drying is
The water is sent to the condenser 12 through the steam pipe 20 connecting the heating tank 4 and the condenser 12, and is separated into condensed water W and gas G by passing through the condenser 12. The condensed water W is temporarily stored in a tank 17 connected to the condenser 12, and is sequentially discharged outside the machine. The gas G is
The odor is deodorized by being heated and oxidized by the deodorizing heater 13 to a high temperature, and the temperature is lowered by heat exchange with the fresh air A to be released to the atmosphere.

The garbage drying apparatus 1 includes:
A controller 18 for controlling the operation of the heating mechanism 2 including the heater 6 and the deodorizing discharge mechanism 3 including the deodorizing heater is provided. The heater 6 and the deodorant heater 13 include:
A temperature sensor 22 for detecting the temperature for controlling the temperature,
23 are provided. Further, the steam pipe 20 is provided with a steam temperature sensor 21 for detecting the temperature of the exhaust air containing the generated steam B.

As shown in FIG. 2, the steam temperature sensor 21 is composed of a thermocouple 61 provided on the outer wall side of the steam pipe 20 extending from the lid 7 of the heating tank 4. The thermosensitive part 62 is adhered to the outer wall side of the steam pipe 20, and a heat insulating material 63 is provided surrounding the thermocouple thermosensitive part 62. In the figure, reference numeral 64 denotes a rubber hose for connecting the steam pipe 20. The attachment of the thermocouple heat-sensitive portion 62 to the steam pipe is not limited to adhesion, but may be welding, screwing, or crimping with a band.

In particular, the steam temperature sensor 21 is for detecting the dry state of garbage in addition to temperature control, and when the steam temperature reaches a predetermined temperature or temperature range,
The garbage can be determined to be in a desired state.

Here, the change with time of the steam temperature will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, according to an experiment conducted by the present inventors, when the garbage is heated and dried by controlling the temperature of the garbage using the garbage drying apparatus 1, the garbage is discharged including steam generated thereby. The temperature T of the air rises rapidly (temperature rise region). An almost constant temperature (for example, about 90
° C) for a long time (garbage evaporation area), the temperature gradually decreases to a low temperature T1 (for example, about 70 ° C), (dry area), and then the moisture in the garbage decreases,
Start to rise again (temperature re-rise area). Here, when examining the state of the garbage at the time of the decrease, the water content was 10-15.
It was found to be the most stable and manageable condition of percent. That is, when the raw garbage is heated and high-temperature steam is generated, the garbage is mixed with fresh air A at about 90 ° C.
(Garbage evaporation area), and then when the drying process is approached and the amount of generated steam decreases, the rate of high-temperature steam in the discharged air decreases, so that the temperature gradually decreases ( Dry area). After that, when the water content of the garbage exceeds the optimal state, the temperature of the whole garbage starts to rise,
It is considered that the temperature rises again (temperature re-rise region).

Based on the results of this experiment, the steam temperature sensor 21
When the detected value of garbage reaches the temperature T1 or T1 ± α (for example, 70 ± 10 ° C.) at the time of lowering, the garbage is in the most stable and easy-to-handle state.
By stopping the heating heater 6 and the like via, the heating and drying is completed, the garbage can be surely dried to a desired optimum state, and unnecessary operation and excessive drying can be prevented. That is, the steam temperature sensor 21 and the controller 18 constitute an automatic stopping means for automatically stopping the heating mechanism 2 appropriately.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the controller 18 is provided with a timer 38. When the elapsed time t from the start of operation reaches a preset time t2, the timer 38 sends a signal to the controller 18 to stop each processing mechanism. This set time t2
Is a time t at which the controller 18 is expected to operate by the detection of the steam temperature sensor 21 as shown in FIG.
1 or t2, which is a time sufficiently exceeding t1 ± α. For example, if the estimated operation time t1 is about 8 hours, t2 is set to 12 hours, and the automatic stop function by detecting the steam temperature is always given priority. That is, the timer 38
The controller 18 constitutes timer means for backing up the automatic stop means.

Next, the operation control contents of the controller 18 in this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the controller 18 includes an electric load circuit 50 and a control circuit 51 for controlling the operation of each processing mechanism.

The electric load circuit 50 connects the controller 18, the drive motor 8, the heater 6, the motor of the cooling fan 15, the deodorant heater 13, and the motor of the blower 11 in parallel to a power supply. Backbone circuit 5
The branch circuit 53 branched from 2 to the controller 18 includes:
A breaker 39 and a key switch 19 are provided.
In addition, from the main circuit 52, each processing mechanism (8, 6, 15, 1)
Load circuits 54, 55, 5 branched to each load of 3, 11)
6, 57 and 58 include electromagnetic relays 24, 25 and 2 which are activated by an output signal of the controller 18 to interrupt the circuit.
6, 27 and 28 are provided respectively.

The branch circuit 53 includes each of the temperature sensors 2.
2, 23 and the steam temperature sensor 21, respectively.
Temperature controllers 40a, 40 sending a signal to the controller 18
b, 40c are provided. Temperature controllers 40a, 40
b, a temperature range for keeping the heating temperature constant is set in advance, respectively, and when the electromotive current from the temperature sensors 22 and 23 exceeds the upper and lower limits of the set range, a signal current flows to the controller 18; Turn the electromagnetic relays 25 and 27
N-OFF is performed.

Further, a cooling fan 41 for cooling a control section including the controller 18 is provided. The cooling fan 41 is started by the key switch 19, and a lamp 42 for displaying an ON state of the key switch 19 is provided.
Lights up. The main circuit 52 is provided with an earth leakage breaker 46.

On the input side of the controller 18, in addition to the timer 38, an operation button 29 and a discharge button 30 provided on an operation panel (not shown) of the garbage drying apparatus 1.
And a stop button 31 are connected. In addition, limit switches 32, 33, and 34 are provided at the input port (lid 7), the discharge door 16b, and the discharge port 16a, respectively, and are connected to the controller 18. Further, a thermal circuit 35 is provided in the load circuit 54 of the drive motor 8, and when the rotation of the stirring member 5 becomes overloaded such as when the garbage put into the heating tank 4 has a high viscosity, the circuit heat is generated. When this is detected as a rise, the drive motor 8 is stopped, and at the same time, the abnormal light 36 provided on the display panel and the buzzer 37 are issued to alert the user.

Next, the operation of the garbage drying apparatus 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

When the garbage is to be treated by the garbage drying apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration, first, an operator operates the lid 7.
Is opened, and the garbage that has been drained is put into the heating tank 4.

After the cover 7 is closed, the breaker 39 is turned on, and the key switch 19 is pressed to activate the operation button 29.
push. The controller 18 turns on the operation lamp 43 and the cooling fan 41 when detecting these operations and the fact that the lid 7, the discharge port 16a, and the discharge door 16b, which are the input ports, are closed (ST1 to ST5). Yes (ST
6, ST7). Then, the timer 38 is started,
The electromagnetic relay 24 is turned on, and the drive motor 8 of the stirring member 5 is started (ST8, ST9).

If a predetermined time (for example, 5 seconds) has elapsed and the garbage has a large viscosity and the drive motor 8 is overloaded (ST10), the drive motor 8 is stopped by turning off the thermal 35. The controller 18 turns off the full load, turns on the alarm buzzer 37, and turns on the abnormal light 36 (ST14 to ST16). next,
The alarm buzzer 37 is turned off, and an appropriate time (for example, 3
After elapse of (minutes), the thermal 35 is turned on and the key switch 19 is turned off (ST17 to ST20).

The operator confirms the inside of the heating tank 4 by these alarms, and when the cause of the overload is removed, the operation is started again (ST2).

If there is no overload, the controller 18 turns on the electromagnetic relay 25 and activates the heater 6 (ST11) to generate heat by the heating action in the heating tank 4 and the stirring and crushing action of the stirring member 5. Dry the garbage. Heating tank 4
Is controlled by the controller 18 so that the temperature is appropriate for drying.
Maintain at 115 ° C. If an excessive temperature rise (for example, 130 ° C.) occurs (ST12), the full load is turned off, the alarm buzzer 37 is turned on, and the abnormal light 36 blinks (ST21 to ST23). And when the temperature is, for example, 11
When the temperature drops to 0 ° C, the alarm buzzer 37 is turned off,
The key switch 19 is turned off (ST24 to ST2).
7). When the operator confirms that no foreign matter or the like is mixed in the heating tank 4, the operation is started again (ST2).

If there is no excessive temperature rise, the controller 18 turns on the electromagnetic relays 27 and 28, drives the blower 11 to rotate, and performs the heating operation of the deodorizing heater 13 (S
T13, ST28).

If the lid 7 or the discharge port 16a, which is an input port, is opened during operation (ST29), the alarm buzzer 37 is turned on and the drive motor 8 is turned off (ST37, ST38). . When the operator closes the lid 7 or the discharge port 16a by this alarm, the alarm buzzer 37 is turned off and the operation is restarted (ST9-).

If the operator presses the stop button 31 during the operation, the operation is manually stopped (ST).
30).

After the operation of the deodorizing heater 13 starts, the steam pipe 20
When the temperature of the water vapor inside reaches a predetermined temperature T0, for example, 60 ° C., the controller 18 turns on the electromagnetic relay 26 and starts the cooling fan 15 to cool the condenser 12 (ST31, ST32). Thereafter, when the steam temperature becomes substantially constant and an appropriate predetermined time, for example, 2 hours, elapses, the mode of the automatic stop function is started (ST3).
4). That is, when the detection value of the steam temperature sensor 21 reaches the predetermined set temperature T1 or T1 ± α, the controller 18 turns off the electromagnetic relay 25 according to the detection signal, stops the heater 6, and stops the electromagnetic relay 2
4, 26, 27, 28 are turned off, and the drive motor 8,
The cooling fan 15, the deodorizing heater 13, and the blower 11 are stopped, and the operation is stopped (ST36). And
Even if an abnormality occurs in the steam temperature sensor 21 or the like and this automatic stop function does not operate, when the set time t2 set in the timer 38 elapses and the time is up, the signal from the controller 18 causes the electromagnetic relay 25 to operate. OFF
The heater 6 is stopped, and the drive motor 8, the cooling fan 15, the deodorant heater 13 and the blower 11
Is stopped, and the operation is similarly stopped.

As described above, the steam temperature sensor 21 for detecting the steam temperature generated when the garbage is dried, and the controller for automatically stopping each processing mechanism including the heater 6 based on the detection value of the steam temperature sensor 21 Since it is provided with 18, the operation can be stopped when the garbage reaches a desired degree of drying, and an energy-saving operation in which excessive drying is prevented and unnecessary power consumption is prevented is achieved. Further, in this embodiment, since the temperature T1 at the time when the water vapor temperature is temporarily lowered is set as the detection temperature, the most stable state of the garbage can be reliably detected. Note that the change mode of the steam temperature (the temperature at the time of decrease) is expected to be different depending on the configuration of the deodorizing and discharging mechanism 3 and the like, so the set temperature should be set according to the change. Then, even if an abnormality occurs in the steam temperature sensor 21 or the like and the automatic stop due to the detection of the steam temperature is not performed, the operation is stopped by the timer 38. Can prevent heating and drying,
Improved reliability and reliability can be achieved. That is, the reliability of the garbage drying apparatus having the automatic stop function is improved.

In this embodiment, the timer 38
Is provided in the controller 18 to perform backup, but a switch linked to the timer 38 is connected to the electric load circuit 5 so that the power supply of the heater 6 and the like can be directly cut off.
0 may be provided.

Also, an example has been shown in which the steam heater temperature is detected and the heater 6 and the like are automatically stopped as automatic stopping means.
In addition to the detection of the steam temperature, for example, a weight sensor for detecting the weight of the heating tank (garbage), a level sensor for detecting the height of the garbage, and the like are provided. The heater 6 and the like may be automatically stopped by detecting that the volume has been reduced.

The steam temperature sensor 21 is connected to the steam pipe 20.
May be provided directly to detect the temperature of the steam B or the like, but in consideration of the durability of the steam temperature sensor 21, it is preferable to provide the steam B or the like on the outer wall side of the steam pipe 20 as in the present embodiment. .

The present invention is not limited to the garbage drying apparatus of the type shown in the above embodiment, but is widely applied to a garbage drying apparatus having at least a heating means.

[0047]

In summary, according to the present invention, when the detection value of the steam temperature sensor reaches the temperature at the time of the decrease, the operation is automatically stopped to bring the garbage to a desired optimum drying state. And energy saving operation is achieved.

Even if an abnormality occurs in a sensor or the like,
Since each processing mechanism such as the heater is reliably stopped by the timer, wasteful power consumption is prevented, and reliability and reliability can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a garbage drying processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a main part showing a steam temperature sensor.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between a steam temperature and a processing elapsed time in the garbage drying processing apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an electric load circuit diagram of the garbage drying processing apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a control circuit diagram of the garbage drying processing apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the garbage drying processing apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart following FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is another flowchart following FIG. 6;

FIG. 9 is a side sectional view showing a conventional garbage disposal apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Garbage drying processing apparatus 4 Heating tank 12 Condenser (Condenser) 18 Controller (Control means) 21 Steam temperature sensor (Automatic stop means) 38 Timer (Timer means) A Fresh air (Air) B Steam

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tadaaki Nekozuka 2400 Kamigo, Ebina-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside the Automotive Department Shinko Co., Ltd.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A garbage is heated in a heating tank and air is supplied into the heating tank. Steam generated from the garbage is introduced into a condenser together with exhaust air to condense the garbage, thereby reducing garbage. In the method for drying garbage, the temperature of the exhaust air containing steam flowing through the condenser is detected, and the drying state of the garbage is detected based on a change with time in the temperature, and the garbage is heated when a desired water content is reached. A garbage drying method, wherein the method is stopped. 2. A drying region in which the temperature gradually decreases from a garbage evaporation region in which the temperature is substantially constant as the temperature changes over time, and a drying region in which the temperature gradually decreases as the drying process is completed, and a time point in which the drying is substantially completed and the temperature rises. 2. The garbage drying method according to claim 1, wherein a temperature change is detected and heating is stopped when the temperature rise is detected. 3. A method according to claim 1, wherein a temperature at which the temperature rises due to a change with time of the temperature is set in advance, and the heating is stopped when the temperature of the discharged air reaches the set temperature.
The method for drying garbage according to any one of the above. 4. A heating tank into which garbage is charged, a fresh air introducing means for supplying air into the heating tank, a steam pipe for discharging exhaust air containing steam from the heating tank, and a connection to the steam pipe. Garbage drying treatment device equipped with a condenser
An apparatus for drying garbage, wherein a temperature sensor is provided in a steam pipe leading to the condenser, and a control means for stopping heating in the heating tank based on a change over time of a detected value of the temperature sensor is provided. 5. The control means according to claim 1, wherein a temperature when the garbage is in a drying completed state is inputted in advance, and heating is stopped when a detection value of said temperature sensor falls to the set temperature. The garbage drying apparatus according to claim 4. 6. The control means includes timer means for stopping heating when garbage substantially enters a heating / drying operation, activates a timer, and times out regardless of a detection value of the temperature sensor. Item 7. A garbage drying apparatus according to any one of Items 5 and 6.