JPH10118481A - Superhigh pressure generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a process in which superhigh pressure is generated for a specimen, the displacement as well as the pressure of a piston body are controlled, and displacement property data from load and displacement are collected. SOLUTION: In the apparatus in which a superhigh pressure generating chamber 4 for receiving a specimen is formed by surrounding with anvils 1, 2, 3, a piston hole is formed toward the chamber 4 in a lower part anvil 2, and piston body 10 is inserted, a driving apparatus which makes the piston body 10 advance/retreat to/from the chamber 4 is composed of lower wedge 27 which is made to advance/retreat by a ball screw rotated by a control motor 30 and an upper wedge 24 on the upper surface, and minute displacement is made possible by the pitches of the wedges 24, 27 to increase the rushing pressure of the piston body 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ultra-high pressure generator. More specifically, the present invention relates to an ultra-high pressure generator used for synthesizing diamond and cubic boron nitride and for testing the deformation characteristics of a substance under ultra-high pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an ultrahigh pressure generator, there has been no example developed so far for testing the deformation characteristics of a substance under ultrahigh pressure. The conventional ultra-high pressure generators are all for synthesizing diamond or the like, and their prior art is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-50258 and
There is an extra-high pressure generator described in JP-A-54-21967.

[0003] In each of these conventional devices, a hydraulic ram is used as a driving device for operating the piston body, and it is possible to control the pressure applied to the piston body, but it is necessary to control the displacement of the piston body. Is difficult due to the influence of the stick of the hydraulic valve, the leak from the hydraulic circuit and the compressibility of the oil.

Further, there is known a conventional example in which a piston train is driven by a gear train in which a large number of gears are combined, but this type requires a large space for installing a large number of gears and is costly. It becomes something.

[0005] Both the hydraulic ram drive type and the gear drive type have a problem that the rigidity of the drive unit is small and it is difficult to use them in a highly accurate deformation experiment apparatus.

Further, in the conventional ultra-high pressure deformation test apparatus as described above, a sealing pressure for inserting a piston body into an ultra-high pressure space and applying a uniaxial compressive force is 5 gigapascal (GPa).
The extent is limited. However, in order to test the deformation characteristics of the material, it is desirable that a higher sealing pressure can be realized. In addition, there is a strong demand for controlling not only the pressure applied to the piston body but also the amount of insertion displacement of the piston body when inserting the piston body.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, according to the present invention, a piston body is inserted into an ultra-high pressure space in a state where an ultra-high pressure is generated and held in a sample body, and a uniaxial compression force is applied to the sample body. Higher ultra-high pressure can be generated in a device for synthesizing substances or testing the displacement characteristics of substances under ultra-high pressure.Moreover, the pressure acting on the piston body and the amount of insertion displacement of the piston body are detected, and the deformation characteristic data is obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide an ultra-high pressure generator capable of collecting and controlling the amount of insertion displacement of a piston body.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ultrahigh-pressure generating apparatus, wherein an ultrahigh-pressure generating chamber for containing a substance surrounded by a plurality of anvils is formed, and the ultrahigh-pressure generating chamber is provided in one of the anvils. An ultra-high pressure generator in which a piston body is formed toward the ultra-high pressure generation chamber, and a piston body which is moved toward the ultra-high pressure generation chamber by an external force is inserted into the piston hole. The driving device is configured to include a control motor, and a power conversion mechanism that converts the rotational motion of the control motor into a linear advance / retreat motion of the piston body, and that converts the motor driving force to the piston body driving force. It is characterized by the following.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ultra-high pressure generating device, wherein the driving device detects a load applied to the piston body, and a controller which receives a detection signal of the load detector and issues a driving signal to the control motor. It is characterized by having. The ultrahigh-voltage generating device according to claim 3, wherein the driving device includes a displacement detector that detects an amount of movement of the piston body, and a controller that receives a detection signal of the displacement detector and issues a driving signal to the motor. It is characterized by. The ultrahigh-voltage generating device according to claim 4, wherein the driving device is provided with a load detector that detects a load applied to the piston body in addition to the displacement detector, and captures detection signals of the displacement detector and the load detector, A controller is provided, which adds the load detection signal to the displacement detection signal, corrects the displacement detection signal, and issues a drive signal to the control motor.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the power conversion mechanism is configured such that the power conversion mechanism is guided in a piston body insertion direction and supports the piston body, and a lower wedge in which wedge surfaces are slidably contacted with the upper wedge. And a linear actuator that converts the rotation of the control motor into a linear motion to move the lower wedge forward and backward.
In the extra-high pressure generator according to claim 6, the power conversion mechanism boosts the rotational force of the control motor and the eccentric cam that contacts the base end of the piston body and moves the piston body in the axial direction. And a rotary actuator for converting the rotational force of the eccentric cam into a rotational force. 8. The ultra-high pressure generator according to claim 7, wherein the power conversion mechanism guides the other end of one of the links of the toggle joint movably in the piston body insertion direction and supports the piston body, and the other end of the other link. , And a linear actuator is connected to the connection point of the two links, and the linear actuator is expanded and contracted by the control motor. The ultrahigh-pressure generator according to claim 8, wherein the power conversion mechanism is a linear actuator with a boosting function that supports the piston body and expands and contracts in the axial direction of the piston body with the control motor. I do.

In each of the above inventions, the linear actuator refers to an actuator that moves linearly, and if it has such a function, various actuators can be used. It is characterized by using a jack. In each of the above inventions, the rotary actuator refers to an actuator that performs a rotational motion, and if it has such a function, various actuators can be used. It is characterized by using.

[0012]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional front view of an essential part of an ultra-high pressure generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of upper and lower anvils 1 and 2 and a side anvil 3 of FIG.

1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes an upper anvil;
Denotes a lower anvil. Each of the pair of upper and lower anvils 1 and 2 has a tapered quadrangular truncated pyramid-shaped tip, and is disposed such that the end faces of the tips face each other. Reference numeral 3 denotes a side anvil disposed at an intermediate position between the anvils 1 and 2, which has a tapered quadrangular pyramid-shaped tip like the anvils 1 and 2. The anvils 3 are disposed in front, rear, left and right (the front side anvils are not shown in FIG. 2), and the end faces of their leading ends and the end faces of the leading ends of the pair of upper and lower anvils 1 and 2 are compressed objects ( An ultrahigh pressure generation chamber 4 which is a space for accommodating the sample body X) is formed.

In FIG. 1, the press frame is composed of an upper frame 8a, a middle frame 8b, and a lower frame 8c.
It is linked by a column in the book. An upper guide block 5 is provided between the upper frame 8a and the middle frame 8b so as to surround above the upper anvil 1 and the side anvil 3, and a lower guide block is provided so as to surround below the lower anvil 2 and the side anvil 3. The guide blocks 5 and 6 each have a central flat surface that presses the upper and lower anvils 1 and 2 in the vertical direction and an inclined surface that presses the four side anvils 3 in the center direction. A pressure device such as a hydraulic ram 7 including a piston 7a and a cylinder 7b is disposed below the lower guide block 6. And the pair of anvils 1, 2,
The hydraulic ram 7 and the hydraulic ram 7 are coaxially mounted on the press frames 8a and 8b, respectively, centered on the axis y.

Therefore, when the hydraulic ram 7 is extended and the lower guide block 6 is raised, the lower anvil 2 is raised,
Since the side anvil 3 is moved toward the center, an ultra-high pressure can be applied to the sample X placed in the ultra-high pressure generation chamber 4.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a piston hole 9 coaxial with the axis y is formed in the lower anvil 2 so that a piston body 10 described later is inserted therein.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a piston body. The upper end portion is formed to have a small diameter so that it can be inserted into the ultrahigh pressure generation chamber 4 through the lower anvil 2, and the lower portion is formed to have a large diameter to have rigidity. Have been. The piston body 10 penetrates the lower guide block 6 and the hydraulic ram 7, and the lower end of the piston body 10 is located at a lower portion of the press frame 8.
It is supported by.

Further, a laterally extending arm 11 is attached to the small-diameter portion of the piston body 10, and a displacement detector 12 for detecting the amount of vertical movement is attached to the ultrahigh-pressure generating chamber 4 of the piston body 10. Can be detected. Further, a load detector 13 such as a load cell is interposed in the large diameter portion of the piston body 10 so that a load acting on the piston body 10 can be detected.

Next, a description will be given of the driving device 20 according to the first embodiment, which is accommodated between the middle frame 8b and the lower frame 8c. FIG. 3 is a front view of the driving device 20 according to the first embodiment.
Is a side view of the driving device 20, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the driving device 20. In FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5, an L-shaped support frame 21 is fixed on the lower frame 8c.
A linear guide 23 is attached to a vertical portion 21a of the support frame 21, and an upper wedge 24 is guided so as to be able to move up and down.

A lower end of the piston body 10 is supported on an upper surface of the upper wedge 24, and a lower surface is formed on a wedge surface 25. The wedge surface 25 is inclined upward from the base end side toward the distal end side, and the guide rail 26a of the linear guide 26 is attached.

On the other hand, the upper surface of the lower wedge 27 is a wedge surface 28, which is inclined downward from the base end toward the front end. The bearing body 26b of the linear guide 26 is mounted on the upper surface of the wedge surface 28. A guide rail 29a of a linear guide 29 is attached to the upper surface of the horizontal portion 21b of the support frame 21, and the lower wedge
On the lower surface of 27, the bearing body 29 of the lower linear guide 29
b is attached. Although the wedge surfaces 25 and 28 may be slid by directly contacting each other, the use of the linear guides 26 and 29 as described above reduces the sliding resistance.
preferable.

A screw shaft 31 is rotatably supported by the horizontal portion 21b of the support frame 21, and a nut 32 fixed to the lower surface of the lower wedge 27 is screwed to the screw shaft 31. A ball screw is constituted by the screw shaft 31 and the nut 32, and constitutes a screw jack described in the claims. A control motor 30 is attached to one end of the screw shaft 31.

The control motor 30 described above is suitable for, for example, a pulse motor or a stepping motor for accurately controlling the position of the piston main body 10 with a small displacement.

With the above configuration, when the control motor 30 is rotated, the screw shaft 31 is rotated, and the lower wedge 27 is moved in the direction indicated by arrows a and b.
Move in the direction. The horizontal movement of the lower wedge 27 is performed by the linear guide 26 attached to the wedge surfaces 25 and 28.
Of the linear guide 23
Is guided smoothly. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the piston body 10 is moved up and down in the arrow directions u and d by the control motor 30.

In the ultra-high pressure generator of the present invention described above, the sample X inserted into the ultra-high pressure generation chamber 4 is
Is operated to pressurize the six anvils 1, 2, and 3 to generate a target ultrahigh pressure in the sample X. Next, after the sealing pressure of the ultrahigh pressure chamber is maintained, the piston body 10 is further inserted in the direction of the arrow U to test the deformation characteristics of the substance under ultrahigh pressure.

In this case, the piston body 10 is pressed against the sample, the load Pm is measured by the load detector 13, and the displacement characteristics of the sample under ultra-high pressure are obtained.
Load Pm to control motor 30 (pulse motor)
Is fed back to perform pressurization control.

Further, the piston body 10 is operated only for a certain stroke S, and the displacement Xm is measured by the displacement detector 12;
The displacement characteristics of the sample under ultra-high pressure are obtained, and the displacement is controlled by feeding back the displacement Xm to a control motor 30 (pulse motor) for operating the piston body 10.

When performing the above displacement control, the load Pm is measured by the load detector 13, the strain (elastic deformation) between the sample of the piston body 10 and the arm 11 is obtained from the load Pm, and the strain value is converted to the displacement Xm. In addition, when the displacement is corrected, more accurate displacement control can be performed.

In the deformation characteristic experiment as described above, there are an experiment in which the load applied to the piston body 10 is controlled and an experiment in which the loading displacement of the piston body 10 is controlled. There is an advantage that the piston body insertion control can be performed at an extremely small speed.

That is, if the gradient of the upper and lower wedges 24, 27 is 1/20, the horizontal stroke by the control motor 30 and the like is reduced to 1/20 in the vertical direction, so that the piston 10
Can be controlled with an extremely small displacement amount. The load applied to piston body 10 is wedge 2
Since it becomes 1/20 in the horizontal direction due to the tapered surfaces 4 and 27, the piston body 10 can be driven with small power.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a driving device 40 according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a side view of the driving device 40. 6 and 7, reference numeral 41 denotes an eccentric cam, which is fixed to a support shaft 42. The center O2 of the support shaft and the center O1 of the eccentric cam are eccentric by the dimension e. The support shaft 42 has two brackets 43
Rotatably supported with a worm wheel at one end
44 is fixed. And this worm wheel 44
The worm 45 is meshed with the worm shaft 46, and the worm shaft 46 is connected to the control motor 30. The worm wheel 44 and the worm 45 constitute a worm speed reducer described in the claims, and reduce the output of the control motor 30 and
By rotating the motor, the output of the motor 30 can be boosted.

Therefore, similarly to the first embodiment, an extremely high pressure of the piston body can be obtained, and not only the deformation characteristic experiment of the load control system but also a very small amount of displacement is given to the piston body. An experiment to collect deformation data based on the body entry displacement can also be performed.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a driving device 50 according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a front view of the driving device 50. 8 and 9, reference numeral 51 denotes a U-shaped support frame having two vertical portions 51a and 51b. One end of a first link 53 and a second link 54 that constitute the toggle joint 52 are connected at one end by a connecting pin 55, and the other end of the first link 53 is located near the base of the vertical portion 51b via a lower pin 60 and a pedestal 61. The other end of the second link 54 is supported by an upper pin 62 and connected to a connecting shoe 57 which moves up and down along a guide rail 56 formed in the vertical portion 51b in the vertical direction. The base end of the piston body 10 is supported by the connecting shoe 57.

On the other hand, the control motor 30
One end of the screw jack 58 driven by the screw jack 58 is connected by a fork end 59, and the control motor 30 for driving the screw jack 58 is connected to the other vertical portion 51a by a pin 63.

In this embodiment, the screw jack 58
Is extended, the first and second links 53 and 54 constituting the toggle joint 52 approach a straight line from a state of being bent in a C-shape, and the connecting shoe 57 rises to raise the piston body 10. Then, as the first and second links 53 and 54 approach a straight line, the stroke of the connecting shoe 57 decreases, but is converted to a large lifting force. In particular, since the toggle joint 52 of the present embodiment can obtain an output near infinity near the stroke end, an extremely high pressure of the piston body rush pressure can be obtained. In addition to the deformation characteristic experiment of the load control method, an experiment of applying a very small displacement to the piston body and collecting deformation data under an ultra-high pressure can be performed.

FIG. 10 shows a driving device 70 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. In the figure, a screw jack 71 is driven by a built-in or exterior control motor. The screw 72 is erected upward, and the base end of the piston body 10 is mounted on the upper end of the screw 72.

Also in this embodiment, the deceleration function and the boosting function of the screw jack itself can obtain an extremely high pressure of the piston body rush pressure. An experiment to collect deformation data under ultra-high pressure by giving a small displacement can also be performed.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. In each of the above embodiments, the description has been given of the ultra-high pressure generator constituted by the six anvils of the upper / lower anvils 1 and 2 and the side anvil 3, but as shown in FIG. A pair of upper and lower anvils 81 having
The present invention can also be applied to an ultra-high pressure generator in which a hollow anvil (hollow cylinder) 83 having a hole 84 at the center is disposed between the two. The hollow anvil (hollow cylinder) 83 has an anvil
Conical grooves corresponding to the frusto-conical tips formed at 81 and 82 are provided vertically. And the lower anvil
A piston hole 9 is formed in 82. Other configurations can adopt substantially the same configuration as the above embodiment, and can provide the same effects.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the piston hole 9 is formed in the lower anvil, and the piston body is moved upward from below to give a deformation to the sample body X in the ultrahigh pressure generation chamber 4. The insertion direction of the piston body 10 is not limited to this, and may be moved from above to below, or may be inserted from the lateral direction into the central ultra-high pressure generation chamber.

In order to move the piston body 10 from above to below, the driving devices 20, 40, 50 and 70 are turned upside down and arranged above, and the piston holes are formed in the upper anvils 1 and 81. Good. In order to insert the piston body 10 from the side, the driving devices 20, 40, 50, and 70 are arranged beside the side anvil 3, and any one of the side anvils 3 or the hollow anvil 83 is placed in a proper position. What is necessary is just to form the piston hole of a direction.

[0041]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the power conversion mechanism of the driving device has a function of boosting the motor driving force to the piston body driving force, the insertion pressure of the piston body is desired. , And the amount of displacement becomes very small by boosting, so that the piston body can be slightly displaced to collect desired deformation characteristic data.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the load at the time of inserting the piston body can be detected by the load detector, it is possible to perform an experiment in which the load is controlled, and the detected value is fed back to the controller. Since the load can be controlled accurately, it is easy to collect the deformation characteristic data. According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the displacement amount at the time of inserting the piston body can be detected by the displacement detector, an experiment can be performed by controlling the displacement amount, and the detected value is fed back to the controller. Since the displacement control of the body can be performed accurately, it is easy to collect the deformation characteristic data. According to the invention of claim 4, when performing displacement control, the load on the piston body is measured by the load detector, the strain of the piston body is obtained from the load, and the distortion value is added to the displacement of the piston body to obtain the displacement amount. Is corrected, it is possible to accurately control the displacement of the piston body.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the amount of displacement of the piston body is reduced by the upper and lower wedges and the moving force is boosted, so that the minute displacement control of the piston body becomes possible.
A desired ultra-high pressure can be generated in the sample body. According to the invention of claim 6, since the amount of movement of the piston body can be reduced by the eccentric cam, and the insertion force can be doubled, the minute displacement control of the piston body becomes possible, and a desired ultra-high pressure is generated in the sample body. Can be done. According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the amount of movement of the piston body can be reduced by the toggle joint, and the insertion force can be doubled. Therefore, it is possible to control the minute displacement of the piston body and to apply a desired ultra-high pressure to the sample body. Can be generated. According to the invention of claim 8, the screw jack can minimize the amount of movement of the piston body and double the insertion force, so that it is possible to control the minute displacement of the piston body and apply a desired ultra-high pressure to the sample body. Can be generated.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the mechanical displacement amount of the screw jack is exactly proportional to the rotation amount of the control motor, and the operation is smooth, so that there is no error and the minute displacement control can be performed accurately. By the boosting function of the screw jack itself, it becomes possible to generate a desired ultra-high pressure in the sample body by inserting the piston body. According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the mechanical displacement amount of the worm speed reducer is exactly proportional to the rotation amount of the control motor, and the operation is smooth, so there is no error, the minute displacement control can be performed accurately, and the worm speed reduction is performed. By the boosting function of the machine itself, it becomes possible to generate a desired ultra-high pressure in the sample body by inserting the piston body.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional front view of an essential part of an ultra-high pressure generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the upper and lower anvils 1 and 2 and the side anvil 3 of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the driving device 20 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the driving device 20 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the driving device 20 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a driving device 40 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view of a driving device 40 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a driving device 50 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a driving device 50 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a front view of a driving device 70 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of another type of anvil according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upper anvil 2 Lower anvil 3 Side anvil 4 Ultra-high pressure generating chamber 5 Upper guide block 6 Lower guide block 9 Piston hole 10 Piston body 12 Displacement detector 13 Load detector 20 Driving device 40 Driving device 50 Driving device 70 Driving device

Claims (10)

[Claims] An ultrahigh pressure generation chamber for containing a substance surrounded by a plurality of anvils is formed, a piston hole is formed in one of the anvils toward the ultrahigh pressure generation chamber, and an external force is applied to the piston hole. An ultra-high pressure generating device in which a piston body moved toward the ultra-high pressure generation chamber side is inserted, wherein a driving device for moving the piston body forward and backward with respect to the ultra-high pressure generation chamber includes a control motor, and rotation of the control motor. A power conversion mechanism for converting the movement into a linear advance / retreat movement of the piston body, and for converting a motor driving force into a piston body driving force. 2. The driving device according to claim 1, further comprising: a load detector for detecting a load applied to the piston body; and a controller for receiving a detection signal of the load detector and issuing a drive signal to the control motor. The ultra-high pressure generator according to claim 1. 3. The drive device according to claim 1, further comprising: a displacement detector for detecting an amount of movement of the piston body; and a controller for receiving a detection signal of the displacement detector and issuing a drive signal to the motor. Item 7. The ultrahigh pressure generator according to Item 1. 4. A load detector for detecting a load applied to a piston body in addition to the displacement detector, wherein the driving device takes in the displacement detector and a detection signal of the load detector, and outputs the displacement detection signal to the displacement detection signal. 4. The ultra-high voltage generator according to claim 3, further comprising a controller that adds a correction to the load detection signal and issues a drive signal to the control motor. 5. An upper wedge, wherein the power conversion mechanism is guided in a piston body insertion direction and supports the piston body.
A lower wedge having wedge surfaces slidably contacting the upper wedge, and a linear actuator for converting the rotation of the control motor into a linear motion in order to move the lower wedge forward and backward. 5. The ultra-high pressure generator according to 2, 3 or 4. 6. An eccentric cam which contacts a base end of a piston body and moves the piston body in the axial direction, and an eccentric cam for boosting a rotational force of the control motor, and 5. The ultra-high voltage generator according to claim 1, further comprising a rotary actuator for converting to a rotational force. 7. The power conversion mechanism guides the other end of one of the links of the toggle joint movably in the direction of inserting the piston body, supports the piston body, and fixes the other end of the other link. 5. The ultra-high voltage generator according to claim 1, wherein a linear actuator is connected to a connection point of the links, and the linear actuator is expanded and contracted by the control motor. 8. A linear actuator having a boosting function, wherein said power conversion mechanism supports said piston body and expands and contracts in the axial direction of said piston body by said control motor. 5. The ultra-high pressure generator according to 2, 3 or 4. 9. The linear actuator according to claim 5, wherein the linear actuator is a screw jack.
An ultra-high pressure generator as described. 10. The ultra-high pressure generator according to claim 6, wherein said rotary actuator is a worm speed reducer.