JPH0995664A - String-shaped water-swelling and complexed water cut-off material and its production - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a water-swelling and complexed water cut-off material excellent in water cut-off ability, durability and their long life persistence and useful in fields such as civil engineering, automobile, electricity, etc., as a joint in constructions by floxking water selling spun yarns around at least the periphery surface in the longitudinal direction of a specific string-shaped material. SOLUTION: This string-shaped water swelling and complexed water cut-off material is obtained by flocking (B) water-swelling short fibers [e.g. short fiber in which an external layer of the short fiber consisting of an external layer which consists of an acrylonitrile polymer (B1 ) and an internal layer which consists of B1 or another polymer is treated to be able to swell in water, and in certain cases the fixed part of the adhesive is not water-swelling] on the periphery surface of at least in the longitudinal direction of (A) a rubber of a string-shaped material made of a soft plastic (e.g., a rubber or a foamed body of the soft plastic having 0.02-0.5g/cm<3> density) by using an adhesive.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a backup material having a durable waterproof property, or a durable waterproof material, which is particularly effective in the fields of civil engineering and building materials.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A liquid waterproofing agent, which is a primary waterproofing material, is generally used as a waterproofing material for joints which are gaps between wallboards of exterior materials of general houses and the like. When injecting and applying the waterproofing agent, polyethylene or rubber is used so that the liquid waterproofing agent does not leak inside and further penetrates inside, or acts as a backup waterproofing agent when the primary water blocking agent that has been solidified by application is damaged. Mainly circular foams such as are used as the secondary water blocking material.

Also, in a building made of precast concrete boards, a large circular rubber foam or a rubber hose having a hollow inside is placed in a gap between the precast concrete boards to prevent water from entering due to a strong wind such as a typhoon. Insert used.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view in which a backup material 5 such as a polyethylene foam which is a secondary water blocking material is installed in a joint 1 which is a gap between the wall plates 3 and 3'of a building exterior material. The backup material 5 is inserted inside the liquid waterproofing agent 6 which is the primary water blocking material before the construction. The backup material 5 which is a secondary water blocking material is inserted up to the structural material 4 which fixes the wall plates 3 and 3'using a substantially circular string having a diameter larger than the joint width 2 and then the entrance of the joint 1. Then, a liquid waterproofing agent 6 such as thiocol is injected as a primary waterproofing material. These liquid water-blocking agents harden, but when the hardened primary water-stopping agent is exposed to the natural environment, cracks will occur in 7 to 10 years, and the water-stopping property will be reduced by peeling from the wallboard, and thus the water-stopping agent will be released again. It will be installed. Further, since the backup material 5 is a circular string having a diameter larger than the joint width 2 when inserted, the wall plate 3,
Initially, it has a pressure contact force and a water stopping force against the 3 ′ surface, but with the passage of time, stress relaxation occurs and a permanent strain occurs, and eventually the pressure contact force becomes zero and the water stopping force disappears.
Interfacial water will leak from the surface of 3 '.

Similarly, in joints with precast concrete boards, rubber foams and rubber hoses also have a pressure contact force against the precast concrete boards at the beginning of construction, but stress relaxation occurs over time and permanent strain occurs. , The pressure contact force will be lost and water will leak.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a first object thereof is to provide a backup material having durability and waterproofness.
Another object is to provide a durable waterproof material that can be used alone without a liquid waterproof material that is a primary waterproof material. Another object is to provide a durable waterproofing agent that can be easily applied by anyone, rather than a liquid waterproofing agent requiring special ability. Another object of the present invention is to provide a durable backup material or durable waterproof material in which the water-swellable fibers do not fall out of the rubber or soft plastic string even if the water-swellable fibers are repeatedly swelled and dried.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, plant water-swellable short fibers on at least the circumferential surface of a rubber or soft plastic string-like material. The inventors have found that this problem can be solved by the above and completed the present invention. Further, it has been found that by limiting the rubber or soft plastic string to rubber or soft plastic foam, it is possible to easily insert it into the joint. Furthermore, the integration of the water-swellable short fibers into the string is fixed by an adhesive, and the fiber portion in the adhesive that fixes the water-swellable short fibers is a non-water-swellable fiber. It has been found that it becomes a durable backup material or durable waterproof material that does not fall out even after repeated swelling / drying.
Further, as a method for making the fibers in the adhesive fixing the water-swellable short fibers into the non-water-swellable short fibers, the non-water-swellable short fibers are integrated with the adhesive and then the water-swelling treatment is performed. It was found that the purpose could be easily achieved by the method of doing.

Means for solving the problems will be described in detail. Examples of the rubber or soft plastic and foam used in the present invention include chloroprene rubber, nitrile rubber, EPDM rubber, natural rubber, and non-foam and foam of soft plastic such as soft vinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, silicone and polyurethane. is there. Especially in the foam, the density is 0.02 g / cm ³
˜0.5 g / cm ³ is preferred, which can facilitate insertion into the joint. The shape of the rubber or soft plastic string may be circular, elliptical, quadrangular or atypical, and may be appropriately selected depending on the place of use.

Next, the water-swellable fibers used in the present invention are, firstly, water-swellable fibers obtained by polymerizing a water-absorbing monomer on a fiber substrate, and secondly, swelling and modifying all non-water-swellable fibers. There are water-swellable fibers treated, and thirdly, water-swellable fibers in which the outer layer portion of non-water-swellable fibers is selectively subjected to a water-absorption-swelling modification treatment. The water-swellable fibers mentioned above as the first are disclosed in JP-A-63-28639 and JP-A-7-1634.
As shown in the above, for example, polyethylene-based fibers are adhered with an ethylenically unsaturated monomer and then polymerized. The second water-swellable fiber is described in JP-A-56-
15458, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-42916, and the like, and carboxyalkylated cellulose fibers and acrylonitol-based fibers. As the third water-swellable fiber, as described in JP-B-58-10508 and JP-A-57-21549, the outer layer of the fiber is water-swellable -COOX.
(X: alkali metal or NH ₄ ) group-containing acrylonitrile fiber and the like. However, most preferable is the acrylonitrile-based water-swellable fiber having the outer layer portion, which is shown in the third item, subjected to the swelling-modified treatment.

The water-swellable fiber obtained by adhering and polymerizing the first water-absorbing monomer is obtained by adhering and polymerizing the water-absorbing monomer in an irregular shape on the surface of the non-water-swelling fiber and can be used for this purpose. It also has the drawback that the water-swelling property tends to be non-uniform and that the water-swelling resin portion is likely to fall off. The second carboxy-alkalyzed cellulose fiber and acrylonitrile fiber are not those obtained by adhering and polymerizing the absorptive monomer, but COOH groups and C
The N group is hydrophilized and can be used for this purpose, but it has a drawback that the fiber strength is significantly reduced when absorbed because the whole fiber is hydrophilized. The water-swellable fiber described in the third is an acrylonitrile-based fiber in which only the outer layer part is selectively hydrophilized with alkali etc., the swollen part does not fall off, and the core part swells Since it does not occur, it is most suitable for the present invention such as no decrease in strength.

The water-swellable fiber which can be used in the present invention preferably has a water absorption capacity of 30 times or more, and the water absorption capacity is a value measured by the following method. Accurately weigh about 0.2 g of water-swellable fiber. Next, JIS-Z-87
Spread almost uniformly over a 300 mesh screen under standard conditions according to 03 to a width of about 25-49 cm ² . Next, this sieve is slowly immersed in water at a depth of 10 mm for 30 minutes, then pulled up, and then left for about 5 minutes to be accurately weighed (W ₁ ). With respect to the present water absorption capacity, the water-swellable fibers may be used alone or other non-water-swellable fibers may be mixed. The water absorption capacity can be changed by this mixing. When directly swelling water-swellable fibers or mixed fibers of other non-water-swellable fibers directly on rubber or soft plastic string, weigh the fibers before flocking similarly and follow the method described above. The water absorption ratio may be measured.

The thickness of the fiber used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 denier or less, particularly preferably 0.5 denier to 10 denier. When the fiber thickness is 20 denier or more, the ability to follow the water-stopped surface and the ability to follow the so-called water-stopped surface where the heights of the water-stopped surfaces are not the same are poor. The basis weight of the integrated water-swellable fiber on the surface of rubber or soft plastic is preferably 30 g / m ² or more. If it is 30 g / m ² or less, it is difficult to uniformly integrate it, and uniform water stopping power tends to be lacked.

Any method may be used for producing the string-like water-swellable composite water-stop material of the present invention, but a short fiber flocking method is preferred, and an electrostatic flocking method is particularly preferred. The length of the short fibers obtained by the electrostatic flocking method is preferably 0.5 mm to 7 mm, and particularly preferably 0.5 mm to 4 mm. In this case, water swellable fibers may be integrated with the peripheral surface of the rubber or soft plastic string using an adhesive, etc., but from the viewpoint of durability, non-water swellable fibers are bonded to the surface of rubber or soft plastic. Utilize the third method described above, in which hair is transplanted using an adhesive or adhesive, and then only the outer layer of the fiber that is outside the adhesive or adhesive is selectively swollen by high-concentration alkali treatment. Good to do. Regarding the method of water swelling treatment after fixing the fiber with the present adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive, the above-mentioned first method, that is, the method of fixing the fiber, then attaching and polymerizing the water-absorbing monomer, the second method A method of applying a swelling modification treatment to the entire water-swellable fiber is also possible, but the third method is most preferable.

The water-swellable fiber which can be used in the present invention will be described in more detail. In order to produce a water-swellable fiber obtained by attaching a water-absorbing monomer to the non-water-swelling fiber shown as the above-mentioned first, and polymerizing the water-swelling fiber, a fiber serving as a base material is required. Polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, polychlorinated There are single and mixed fibers such as vinyl and acrylonitrile, and composite fibers. Other cotton, rayon, etc. may be added. The water-absorbing monomer is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer including those that can be converted into a water-absorbing polymer after polymerization, and ethylene having a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof, a sulfonic acid or a salt thereof, a hydroxy group, an amide group, or the like as a functional group. There are unsaturated monomers. Examples include acrylic acid and its salts, methacrylic acid and its salts, and hydroxyalkyl acrylate acrylamide.

Next, as an example of a fiber obtained by subjecting all of the non-water-swellable fibers shown as the second to the water-swelling fibers by subjecting the non-water-swelling fibers to the inside, acrylonitrile is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-42916. The method of hydrolyzing the base fiber to form the formed carboxyl group into a sodium salt and alkali cellulose of the cellulose fiber as described in JP-A-56-15458, to which monochloroacetic acid was added in the presence of 2 propanol. Make it work CMC
-NaCl is salted and then crosslinked with a crosslinking agent, or CMC-Na salt of previously cross-linked cellulose fibers is used for the production by a general method.

Next, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-1050, which is the third one.
8. As disclosed in JP-A-57-21549, it is produced by treating the outer layer portion of acrylonitrile fiber with an aqueous solution of a specific high concentration alkali metal hydroxide.

[0017]

The present invention is a string-shaped water-swellable composite water-blocking material in which water-swellable fibers are planted on the peripheral surface of a rubber or soft plastic string. When the waterproofing material is first inserted into the gap between the wall plates of the outer layer material by rubber or soft plastic, it has a function of pressing and fixing the wall plates by the repulsive force. In addition, the water-swellable fiber that is integrated with the rubber or soft plastic string is free-deformability of the fiber itself,
It has a high swelling property, a low resilience property, and a high air gap property, and can be easily inserted into the joint gap, and since the surface of the fiber, that is, the outer layer, is a water-swellable fiber, the final swelling amount of 9 to 10
It can swell up to about 0% to fill the joint gap and completely stop the water. The string-like water-swellable composite water-stopping material is also compressed in the joint gap for a long period of time, but the repulsive force of the rubber or the soft plastic is reduced, but the water-swellable fiber used in the present invention is repeatedly contacted with water. Because it swells, it can maintain its water blocking ability for a long time. Further, when the rubber or soft plastic string is a foam, it has an advantage that it can be easily inserted into the joint gap while maintaining the repulsive force, and that the material to be stopped, that is, the wall plate is not deformed due to its low hardness.

Next, the non-water swellable fiber is previously integrated with rubber or soft plastic or foam with an adhesive or the like and then subjected to water swelling treatment with an alkali or the like. Even if the fibers of swelling do not swell because the fibers being adhered are not water-swellable fibers, the flocked fibers do not fall out by repeated swelling.

When the outer layer portion of the fiber used as the flocked fiber is a water-swellable fiber, the swelled layer of the outer layer portion and the non-swellable core portion of the inner layer portion are integrated even if they are swollen by water. Therefore, unlike the case where the water-swellable resin is kneaded into rubber or the like, the swollen portion does not easily fall off. Further, in the case where the outer layer portion and the inner layer portion are made of the same acrylonitrile-based fiber, the water-swellable fiber obtained by selectively water-swelling only the outer layer portion has a water-swellable outer layer portion and a non-swellable inner layer portion. Since the same type of fibers are continuously integrated, the water-swelling fibers do not fall out and maintain the water stopping performance for a long time.

Water swelling in which the water swelling monomer is adhered to the surface of the non-water swelling fiber and polymerized, and the water swelling fiber of the first method and the third method and only the outer layer portion are selectively water swelled. Since the natural fiber does not extend in the length direction of the fiber, it does not extend to the outside of the joint and jump out, and only the thickness of the fiber becomes thick, and the water stopping power is synergistically increased.

The operation of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view in which the string-shaped water-swellable composite water blocking material 7 of the present invention is used as a backup material for the joint 1 which is a gap between the wall plates 3 and 3 '. When the string-shaped water-swellable composite waterproof material 7 is inserted into the joint 1, the string-shaped water-swellable composite waterproof material 7 naturally has a diameter larger than the joint width 2, so that the string-shaped water swelling is applied to the wall plates 3 and 3 ′. The swellable composite waterproof material is pressed. Therefore, at the beginning of construction, even if the solid liquid waterproof material 6 such as thiocol is damaged and rainwater enters, the water swellable fiber 7-2 can still stop water even if it does not swell sufficiently. However, when a stress is applied from the wall surface for a long period of time, the core rubber of the string-like water-swellable composite water blocking material 7 of the present invention also relaxes the stress and the repulsive force is reduced. FIG.
2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the string-like water-swellable composite waterproof material 7 and the solidified liquid waterproof material 6 of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 are damaged over time and water infiltrates from the liquid waterproof material 6. is there. The core rubber 7-1 of the string-like water-swellable composite water-stopping material 7 of the present invention relaxes the stress and the force for pressing the wall plates 3 and 3'is close to zero, but the water-swelling property due to the invading water. The fibers 7-2 swell and press the wall plates 3 and 3'to stop water. That is, the conventional polyethylene foam or rubber foam has only the effect of a backup material, but the string-shaped water-swellable composite water-stop material of the present invention is a backup material and an original secondary water-stop material, that is, the outermost part. When the primary liquid-stopping material is damaged, the water-stopping material of the present invention located inside has a sufficient effect of the secondary water-stopping material.

In the composite water-stopping material of the present invention, the water-swellable fiber swells → dry → even when the rubber or soft plastic relaxes the stress.
Since contraction → swelling is repeated, water can be stopped for a long time. Therefore, the composite water blocking material of the present invention can be used as a primary water blocking material. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a state in which the gap between the wall plate of the exterior material and the wall plate of the exterior material is stopped by using the composite water blocking material of the present invention. The string-like water-swellable composite water blocking material 7 of the present invention is located in the back of the joint 1 which is a gap between the wall plates 3 and 3 '. The string-shaped water-swellable composite water blocking material 7 is composed of a polyethylene foam 7-1 and a water-swellable fiber 7-2 on the surface of the foam. A decorative material 8 for sealing the joint is installed at the entrance of the joint 1. Rainwater that has entered through the entrance of the decorative material 8 is located inside, and the string-shaped water-swellable composite water-stopping material 7 of the present invention
The water-swellable fiber 7-2 swells in contact with the water and prevents rainwater from entering the inside. Since the water-stopping material of the present invention repeats swelling → drying → shrinking → swelling, it can retain its water-stopping property for a long period of time, so that it is not necessary to re-apply the conventional liquid water-stopping agent.

Although the string-like water-swellable composite water-stop material of the present invention is most suitable as a joint for construction, it can be used as a water-stop material for other fields such as civil engineering, automobiles, and electricity.

[0024]

Example 1 Nylon polyethylene core-sheath fiber having a denier of 5 mm and length of 6 mm (external: polyethylene) was applied to the peripheral surface of a chloroprene string foam having a density of 0.35 / cm ³ and a diameter of 8 mm by using a vinyl acetate adhesive. Hair was transplanted at a rate of 40 g / m ² . Next, after adding sodium persulfate to a 50% sodium acrylate aqueous solution for partial neutralization and stirring sufficiently, the above-mentioned hair-foamed string-like foam is immersed and hung vertically to remove excess monomers, and then heated. A composite water blocking material in which water-swellable fibers were polymerized and flocked was prepared. The amount of this composite waterproofing material attached is 1 with respect to the peripheral surface of the chloroprene foam.
It was 40 g / m ² , and the result of cutting off this flocked fiber and measuring the amount of absorbed water was 52 times. Insert the string-like water-swellable composite water blocking material between the wall plates with joint width of 7 mm 1
A water pressure of 00 cm was applied, but no water leaked.

Example 2 Polyacrylonitrile short fibers having a denier of 3 mm and a string-shaped EPDM foam having a diameter of 5 mm and a density of 0.4 g / cm ³ were coated with a vinyl acetate-based adhesive on the peripheral surface of about 140 g / m ^2. I planted hair. Next, the hair-implanted composite was immersed in a high-concentration aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to undergo water-swelling treatment, and then a string-like water-swellable composite water-stopping material for washing water-swellable fiber flock was prepared. When the water-swellable fiber was cut out from the present flocked composite water-stopping material and the water absorption ratio was measured, it was 64.8 times. The obtained composite waterproofing material was inserted between the wall plates having joint widths of 5 mm and a water pressure of 100 cm was applied, but no water leakage occurred.

[0025]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION In the present invention, unlike a conventional backup material as a secondary water blocking material of polyethylene or rubber foam, the water blocking ability is maintained for a long period of time, so that the primary water blocking material such as liquid polyurethane is deteriorated. Can also maintain the waterproof property. Even if this composite waterproofing material is used as the primary waterproofing material, the waterproofing performance can be exhibited for a long period of time due to the durability of the water-swellable fiber, and it is necessary to reconstruct it like a conventional primary waterproofing material. There is no.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of a waterproof material at a joint between a wall plate and a wall plate using a conventional backup material.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of a water blocking material at a joint between a wall plate and the wall plate made of the string-like water-swellable composite water blocking material of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which rainwater has infiltrated into the string-shaped water-swellable composite waterproof material of the present invention in FIG. 2 from the primary waterproof material.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment in which the string-like water-swellable composite water blocking material of the present invention is used.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 joint 2 joint width 3 wallboard of exterior material 3'wallboard of exterior material 4 structural material 5 conventional backup material 6 primary water blocking material 7 string-like water-swellable composite water blocking material of the present invention 7-1 rubber foam 7-2 Water-swellable fiber 8 Cosmetic material

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] June 25, 1996

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0011

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

The water-swellable fiber which can be used in the present invention preferably has a water absorption capacity of 30 times or more, and the water absorption capacity is a value measured by the following method. Accurately weigh about 0.2 g of water-swellable fiber (W). Next, JIS-Z
Spread almost uniformly over a 300 mesh screen under standard conditions according to -8703 to a width of about 25-49 cm ² . Next, this sieve is slowly immersed in water at a depth of 10 mm for 30 minutes, then pulled up, and then left for about 5 minutes to be accurately weighed (W ₁ ). With respect to the present water absorption capacity, the water-swellable fibers may be used alone or other non-water-swellable fibers may be mixed. The water absorption capacity can be changed by this mixing. When directly swelling water-swellable fibers or mixed fibers of other non-water-swellable fibers directly on rubber or soft plastic string, weigh the fibers before flocking similarly and follow the method described above. The water absorption ratio may be measured.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A string-shaped water-swellable composite water-stop material having water-swellable short fibers planted on at least the circumferential surface of a rubber or soft plastic string-shaped material. 2. The string-like water-swellable composite water stop according to claim 1, wherein the rubber or soft plastic string is a rubber or soft plastic foam having a density of 0.02 g / cm ³ to 0.5 g / cm ^3. Material 3. Flocking of water-swellable short fibers to rubber or soft plastic string is fixing with an adhesive,
The string-like water-swellable composite water-stop material according to claim 1, wherein the end fibers of the water-swellable short fibers in the adhesive fixing the water-swellable short fibers are not water-swelled. 4. A water or water swelling process, wherein non-water swelling short fibers are planted on the circumferential surface of at least the lengthwise direction of a rubber or soft plastic string using an adhesive, and then water swelling treatment is carried out. For producing water-resistant composite waterproofing material 5. A water-swellable fiber obtained by water-swelling an outer layer part of a short fiber comprising an outer layer part made of an acrylonitrile polymer and an inner layer part made of an acrylonitrile polymer and / or another polymer. The water-swellable composite water-stopping material according to 1 or 3 6. The non-water-swellable short fiber comprises an outer layer part of an acrylonitrile polymer and an inner layer part made of an acrylonitrile polymer and / or another polymer.
Method for producing water-swellable composite waterproof material described