JPH0994717A - Deburring device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To separately control rotating action and slide in a tooth trace direction to surely debur a gear. SOLUTION: A gear 1 is fixed to a work head 2, having a driving means, to make a deburring tool 3, fitted to a cutter head 4, to abut on a gear 1. The width of the tool 3 is formed narrower than that of the gear 1, and the tool 3 is slid vertically to remove a burr formed in a direction orthogonal to the tooth surface on the end part of the gear 1. As far as the tool 3 is at a position, where the tool 3 is not contacted to the end surface part 1a of the gear 1, the gear 1 and the tool 3 are driven to remove the burr on the whole gear periphery. A pressurizing means, for giving rotation resistance to a spindle 16 and maintaining pressure contact force to the tooth surface of the gear 1, is provided on the cutter head 4. The pressure contact force is generated by rotatingly drive the tool 3 by the gear 1, and can be maintained despite rotation is stopped after that.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a deburring device which automatically removes burrs formed at the end of a tooth profile in a direction orthogonal to the tooth surface in the process of manufacturing a gear.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a gear 1 is formed by cold forging and the end face 1a of the gear is turned, a burr B is formed at the end of the gear portion in the direction orthogonal to the tooth surface, as shown in FIG. To do. As a method for removing this burr B, FIG.
There is also a case where the wire brush W as shown in (1) is pressed while being rotated to raise burrs in the direction of the end surface of the gear and then removed by a cutting tool. However, the wire brush W
Was unbearable for long-term use and lost its function after several uses.

Therefore, as an alternative to the wire brush W, a gear-shaped deburring tool is brought into contact with the tooth profile portion of the gear, and the tooth profiles of the gear and the deburring tool are sequentially meshed with each other, and the deburring tool is A method was devised in which the burrs generated at the ends of the tooth profile were raised toward the end faces of the gears by sliding the gears in the direction of the tooth traces of the gears and then removed with a parting tool. This method and deburring system are disclosed in
7-1230.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned conventional example has the following problems. The deburring tool contacts the gear and slides in the tooth trace direction while meshing the tooth profiles with each other. At this time, since there is no means for maintaining the pressure contact force between the tooth surfaces of the gear and the deburring tool, the pressure contact force between the gear and the deburring tool is not stable, and deburring and deburring are not possible. Sometimes it was enough. In addition, since the tooth profile is engaged with and slid in the tooth trace direction at the same time, the burrs are bitten in, which makes it difficult to raise and remove burrs.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to adjust the pressure contact force between the tooth surfaces of the gear and the deburring tool so as to rotate and slide in the tooth trace direction. Is controlled so that the burr can be carried out separately, and the phenomenon of biting of the burr is prevented to surely remove the burr.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A deburring device according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is configured such that a gear-shaped deburring tool is brought into contact with a tooth profile portion of a gear so that the gear and the deburring tool are separated from each other. A deburring device that removes burrs generated in a tooth profile by sliding the gears and the deburring tool in the tooth trace direction while meshing each tooth profile in sequence, and the tooth surface of the gear and the deburring tool. It is characterized by having a pressurizing means for maintaining a pressure contact force between them.

In the present invention, the width of the deburring tool is made smaller than that of the gear, and the gear and the deburring tool are corresponding to the positional relationship between the gear and the deburring tool in the tooth trace direction. It is desirable to provide a control means for driving the rotation of the.

Further, in the deburring method according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, a gear-shaped deburring tool having a width smaller than that of the gear is brought into contact with the tooth profile portion of the gear, and the gear and the deburring tool are contacted. A first stroke for sliding and in the tooth trace direction and a second stroke for rotating the gear and the deburring tool by a predetermined amount
And performing the first stroke only when the deburring tool is located in the vicinity of the end face portion of the gear, and otherwise performing both the first stroke and the second stroke. Characterize.

In the deburring apparatus according to the present invention, the rotational driving force is applied to the tooth surfaces of the gear and the deburring tool by the pressurizing means for maintaining the pressure contact force between the tooth surfaces of the gear and the deburring tool. The pressure contact force is appropriately maintained regardless of whether the pressure is applied. Then, the gear and the deburring tool can be slid in the tooth trace direction to remove the burrs generated in the tooth profile portion.

Further, it is possible to make the width of the deburring tool smaller than that of the gear so that the deburring tool and the gear can be brought into contact with each other in such a positional relationship that the deburring tool is not applied to the end surface of the gear. To Then, by the control means, when the deburring tool is in a position to be applied to the end face portion of the gear, the gear and the deburring tool are not rotationally driven, and in other positions, the gear and the deburring tool are Control to drive rotation.

Further, in the deburring method according to the present invention, when the deburring tool is formed to have a small width with respect to the gear to be deburred, and the deburring tool is brought into contact with the center of the tooth width of the gear. , Make sure the deburring tool is not applied to the end surface of the gear. When the deburring tool is located at the end of the gear when the gear and the deburring tool are slid in the tooth trace direction to remove the deburr, when the deburring tool is located at the end of the gear, the gear and the deburring tool are circumferentially aligned. Do not change the contact position of and slide only in the tooth trace direction. At other times, that is, when the deburring tool does not rest on the end surface of the gear, the gear and the deburring tool are rotated by a predetermined amount, and the work of sending the contact positions of both is performed. Therefore, the burr receives only the shearing force in the tooth trace direction of the gear from the deburring tool.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as those of the conventional example are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

1 and 2 show an overall view of a deburring device according to this embodiment. The deburring device has a work head 2 that supports a gear 1, a cutter head 4 that supports a gear-shaped deburring tool 3, and a fixed cutter head 6 that supports a parting bit 5. The deburring tool 3 used here includes not only a gear-shaped tool having teeth over its entire circumference but also a non-circular (eg, fan-shaped) tool having no teeth over its entire circumference. . A control device 8 and a coolant device 9 are provided behind the main body 7. The deburring device has the main device described above, and the deburring tool 3 is brought into contact with the gear 1 on which the deburring is formed, and the deburring tool 3 is slid in the tooth trace direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1) to remove the burr. The gear 1 and the deburring tool 3 are rotated, and the burr on the entire circumference of the gear 1 is removed.

The work head 2 is provided on the upper surface of the main body 7 and has a spindle 10. The spindle 10 is rotationally driven by a servo motor 11, and the gear 1
It has a collet chuck 12 for fixing.

The cutter head 4 is attached to a position adjusting device 13 provided on the upper surface of the main body 7. Position adjustment device 13
1 uses the cylinder 14 to move the cutter head 4 in the left-right direction in FIG.
Can be moved up and down. Cutter head 4
Has a spindle 16, and a deburring tool 3 is bolted to the lower end of the spindle 16. The deburring tool 3 has cutting edges formed on both sides of the end face portion 3a. The spindle 16 can be vertically vibrated by a servo motor 17. Further, the cutter head 4 is rotated about the fulcrum 19 by receiving the power of the turning cylinder 18 shown in FIG. 2, and the pressure for pressing the deburring tool 3 against the gear 1 can be adjusted.

By the way, the cutter head 4 itself has
A drive device for rotating the spindle 16 is not provided, and by engaging the deburring tool 3 with the gear 1 driven to rotate by the work head 2, the gear 1 is rotated and driven. There is. The upper end of the cutter head 4 has a pressurizing means for maintaining and adjusting the pressure contact force of the deburring tool 3 with respect to the tooth surface of the gear 1 by giving a resistance to the rotation of the spindle 16 and limiting the rotation. There is. The internal structure of the cutter head 4 will be described later.

A fixed cutter head 6 for supporting the parting bite 5 is provided on the side of the work head 2. The parting bite 5 is directed to the end surface portion of the gear 1 and plays a role of removing burrs that cannot be removed by the deburring tool 3.
The discharge port 20 is a chute that produces a gear after deburring, and the burr flows down to the coolant device section (FIG. 9) at the rear of the device and is processed.

The internal structure of the cutter head 4 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5. As shown in FIG. 3, a spindle 16 for fixing the deburring tool 3 to the lower end portion
Is housed in a hollow shaft 23 via a plurality of bearings 21, 22, and the hollow shaft 23 is further installed in the casing 4 of the cutter head 4.
It is supported by 01 so that it can move up and down. A flange 25 is provided at the upper end of the hollow shaft 23 to move the hollow shaft 23 up and down in response to the operation of the cam 24 provided on the rotary shaft 171 of the servomotor 17. As shown in FIG. 5, the flange 25
A horizontal groove 251 is formed in the
Rotation centering around the rotation center 241 of the flange 25
(That is, the hollow shaft 23) is converted into a vertical motion. Since the flange 25 is fixed to the hollow shaft 23, the hollow shaft 23 and the spindle 16 move up and down together with the flange 25.

As mentioned above, by limiting the rotation of the spindle 16 at the upper end of the cutter head 4, the gear 1
It has a pressurizing means for generating a press contact force of the deburring tool 3 with respect to the tooth surface. As shown in FIG. 4, this pressurizing means connects an electromagnetic friction brake 26 fixed to the upper end of the cutter head 4 to the upper end of the spindle 16 via a joint 28 having a coil spring 27 inside. It will be done. The joint 28 has an upper piece 281 and a lower piece 282, and the upper piece 281 rotates integrally with a rotating shaft portion 262 that supports the disc plate 261 of the friction brake 26. Also, the lower piece 2
The 82 rotates integrally with the spindle 16. The upper end of the coil spring 27 is fixed to the upper piece 281, and the lower end of the coil spring 27 is fixed to the lower piece 282.

When performing deburring work with this apparatus, a predetermined braking force is generated in the friction brake 26. When the deburring tool 3 is driven by the gear 1 to rotate, the spindle 16 directly connected to the deburring tool 3 also rotates. Then, the lower piece 282 of the joint 28 fixed to the spindle 16 also rotates and twists the coil spring 27. As described above, the braking force of the friction brake 26 limits the rotation of the upper piece 281 of the joint 28. Therefore, the coil spring 27 is twisted from the lower end, and the torsion torque is accumulated. Then, when the torsion angle of the coil spring 27 increases and the torsion torque exceeds a certain value, the braking force of the friction brake 26 loses the accumulated torsion torque and the upper portion of the joint 28. 281
Also begins to rotate with the lower piece 282.

When both the upper piece 281 and the lower piece 282 of the joint 28 are rotated, the coil spring 27 is maintained in a twisted state, and the rotational driving force of the upper piece 281 is equal to the coil spring 27.
It is caused by the torsional torque accumulated in the. Also,
The reaction force of the torsional torque of the coil spring 27 is
It also acts on 282 and applies an appropriate pressure contact force F ₂ (see FIG. 7) between the tooth surfaces of the gear and the deburring tool via the spindle 16. Even if the rotation of the gear 1 is stopped, the coil spring
Due to the torsional torque accumulated in 27, the pressure contact force F ₂ is maintained.

Next, the dimensional relationship between the gear 1 and the deburring tool 3 and the movable range of the deburring tool 3 with respect to the gear 1 will be described below with reference to FIGS. Figure 6
As shown in (a), the width B ₂ of the deburring tool 3 is smaller than the width A _{2 of the} gear 1 (B ₂ <A ₂ ). Then, when the deburring tool 3 is brought into contact with the gear 1, the deburring tool 3 is brought into contact with the gear 1 near the center of the tooth width where burrs do not occur, and the deburring work at the start of deburring work is performed. The occurrence of jamming phenomenon is prevented.

As shown in FIG. 7, the tooth length B ₁ of the deburring tool 3 is larger than the tooth height A ₁ of the gear 1 (B ₁ > A
_1), and tooth thickness B ₃ deburring tool 3 is small (B ₃ <A ₃₎ is formed than the tooth thickness A ₃ of the gear 1, the tooth tip of the gear 1 and deburring tool 3 and the tooth bottom , And the tooth surfaces are surely in contact with each other.

The pressure contact force F ₁ in the radial direction of the deburring tool 3 with respect to the gear 1, the swivel 18 can be by rotating the cutter head 4 around the fulcrum 19 (see FIG. 2) is generated. Further, the pressing force F ₂ of the deburring tool 3 against the tooth surface of the gear 1 can be generated by the above-mentioned pressing means. Therefore, the aforementioned gear 1
From the dimensional relationship between the deburring tool 3 and the deburring tool 3, it is possible to remove the burrs on the tooth surface and the tooth bottom of the gear 1 at the same time, in addition to ensuring that the tooth tips and the tooth bottoms and the tooth surfaces contact each other.

As described above, when the deburring operation is started, the deburring tool 3 is brought into contact with the gear 1 near the center of the tooth width. Then, the deburring tool 3 is slid in the tooth trace direction with respect to the gear 1 to perform a deburring step (first step) for removing the burr formed on the end surface 1a of the gear. The movable range of the deburring tool 3 at this time is shown in FIG. In order to remove the burr or raise it in the direction of the end face, the end face 3a of the deburring tool 3 is replaced by the end face 1 of the gear 1.
It is necessary to project it outside a. Therefore, the movable range of the deburring tool 3 is (gear width) + (protrusion amount of deburring end portion × 2), that is, A ₂ + 2β. Further, after the deburring tool 3 is slid in the tooth trace direction to carry out deburring, a feed step (second step) of rotating the gear and the deburring tool by a predetermined amount is carried out, and then the deburring tool is again carried out. Three
Slide to remove burrs on the entire circumference of the gear. At this time, the rotation of the gear and the deburring tool is performed when the deburring tool 3 is within a range separated by a predetermined distance α from the end surface portion 1a of the gear 1 so as not to cause the burrs to be caught. There is a need.

Here, an example of a deburring procedure in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.

(1) Collet chuck 12 of work head 2
The gear 1 is fixed to the gear 1, and the position adjusting device 13 adjusts the position of the cutter head 4 so that the deburring tool 3 is located at the center of the gear 1 in the tooth trace direction. The fixed cutter head 6 also
Adjust to the optimum position (see FIGS. 1 and 2). (2) The turning cylinder 18 is operated to rotate the cutter head 4 about the fulcrum 19 and bring the deburring tool 3 into contact with the center of the tooth width of the gear 1. At this time, a radial pressure contact force F ₁ (FIG. 7) of the deburring tool 3 against the gear 1 is generated. (3) A predetermined braking force is generated in the friction brake 26 (Fig. 4) of the cutter head 4. (4) Here, the servo motor 11 is operated and the gear 1 drives the deburring tool 3. Then, the coil spring 27 (Fig. 4)
Torsional torque is accumulated in. (5) When the torsional torque of the coil spring 27 exceeds a certain value, the braking force of the friction brake 26 loses the accumulated torsional torque, and the rotary shaft 262 (Fig. 4) of the friction brake also rotates. To start. At this time, a pressure contact force F ₂ (FIG. 7) of the deburring tool 3 against the tooth surface of the gear 1 is generated.

(6) Here, the servo motor 17 is operated to slide the deburring tool 3 in the tooth trace direction (burr removing process). At this time, the rotation angle θ of the gear 1 is reset to 0 ° and the subsequent θ value is counted. (7) When the deburring tool 3 is located in the vicinity of the end surface portion 1a of the gear 1, that is, when the distance of the deburring tool 3 from the end surface portion 1a of the gear 1 becomes smaller than a predetermined value α, The servo motor 11 is stopped to stop the rotation (feed stroke) between the gear and the deburring tool. At this time, gear 1
The pressure contact force F ₂ (FIG. 7) of the deburring tool 3 with respect to the tooth surface is maintained. (8) Sliding of the deburring tool 3 in the tooth trace direction continues, and the deburring tool 3 is brought into contact with the burr on the end surface 1a of the gear 1 from the tooth trace direction of the gear to remove the burr. . When the burr is not completely removed and is raised to the end surface portion 1a of the gear 1, it is completely removed by the parting bite 5 of the fixed cutter head 6. (9) The deburring tool 3 is folded back at the end of its movable range and starts sliding in the opposite direction. (10) When the distance of the deburring tool 3 from the end surface 1a of the gear 1 becomes larger than the predetermined value α, the servo motor 11 is operated again to rotate the gear and the deburring tool.

(11) The above steps (7) to (10) are repeated until the rotation angle θ ≧ 360 ° of the gear 1. (12) After the rotation angle θ ≧ 360 ° of the gear 1, the servo motor 17 is stopped and the deburring tool 3 is stopped at the center of the tooth width of the gear 1. Further, the servo motor 11 is also stopped to stop the rotation of the gear and the deburring tool.

The timing of each operation in each of the above steps is as follows.
It may be pre-programmed in the control device 8 which is the control means of the deburring device, or may be a device for issuing an operation command by judging the state of each part sequentially measured by the control device 8 while advancing each step. . Further, the smaller the rotation angle between the gear and the deburring tool in one feeding stroke, the more accurate deburring can be performed. When the direction of the burr formed on one side surface of the gear 1 is different from that of the burr formed on the other side surface, the deburring process is performed by rotating the gear 1 in both forward and reverse directions. It can be dealt with.

The operational effects obtained from the embodiment of the present invention having the above-mentioned structure are as follows. Cutter head 4
Has a pressurizing means at the upper end of the spindle 16 in which a friction brake 26 is connected by a joint 28 having a coil spring 27 inside. When performing deburring work, the pressurizing means is used. Thus, an appropriate pressure contact force F ₂ is applied to the tooth surfaces of the gear 1 and the deburring tool 3. The pressure contact force F ₂ is
The deburring tool 3 is surely brought into contact with the deburring tool, and the deburring is surely carried out, because the deburring tool 3 is appropriately maintained regardless of whether the rotational driving force is applied to the tooth surface of the deburring tool 3. be able to.

Further, the width B ₂ of the deburring tool 3 is made smaller than the width A _{2 of the} gear 1, and when the deburring tool 3 is brought into contact with the center of the tooth width of the gear 1, deburring is performed. Make sure that the tool does not hit the end surface 1a of the gear 1. When the deburring tool 3 is slid in the tooth trace direction and positioned near the end surface of the gear 1, only the deburring step is performed, and the feed step between the gear and the deburring tool is not performed. At other times, that is, when the deburring tool is not on the end surface of the gear, both the deburring process and the feeding process are performed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of the burr biting phenomenon and reliably remove the burr by the deburring tool.

[0033]

According to the deburring device of the present invention, the pressure contact force is appropriately maintained and the deburring tool is maintained regardless of whether or not the rotational driving force is applied to the tooth surfaces of the gear and the deburring tool. The burr can be surely brought into contact with the burr.
Therefore, it is possible to surely remove the burr by the deburring tool and improve the deburring accuracy.

Further, the width of the deburring tool is made smaller than that of the gear so that the deburring tool and the gear can be brought into contact with each other in a positional relationship in which the deburring tool is not applied to the end surface of the gear. However, when the deburring tool is in the position where it touches the end face of the gear, the gear and deburring tool are not rotationally driven.In other positions, the gear and deburring tool are rotationally driven. By controlling so that the burr is generated at the end face of the gear, only the shearing force in the tooth trace direction is applied to surely remove the burr and the occurrence of the biting phenomenon can be prevented.

Further, according to the deburring method of the present invention, a step of removing deburring when performing deburring work,
The gear and the deburring tool feeding process are separated from each other, and the feeding process is not performed at the same time in the deburring process to prevent the occurrence of the problem of burrs being caught. Therefore, a product with high deburring accuracy can be stably supplied. Further, since it is possible to deal with the change of the specifications of the gear by simply changing the program of the control device, it is possible to form a highly flexible production line.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a deburring device which is one of the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the deburring device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a cutter head of the deburring device shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the structure of a pressing means of the cutter head shown in FIG.

5 is a schematic diagram showing a cam structure that causes vertical movement of a spindle of the cutter head shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between a gear and a deburring tool,
(A) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view, (b) is a bottom view.

FIG. 7 is a detailed view showing a contact state between tooth surfaces of a gear and a deburring tool.

8A is a schematic diagram showing an operating state of the deburring tool 3 with respect to a gear, and is a diagram corresponding to the schematic diagram showing a movable range of the deburring tool with respect to a gear shown in FIG. 8B. .

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an operation procedure of the deburring device shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a state of burrs generated when a gear is formed by cold forging and an end face portion of the gear is turned, (a) is a sectional view thereof, and (b) is a front view thereof. is there.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a wire brush used for removing burrs.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Gear 3 Deburring tool 8 Controller 26 Friction brake

Front page continued (72) Inventor Satoshi Asakura 1 Toyota-cho, Toyota-shi, Aichi Toyota Motor Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuhiro Tsuzuki 5-20 Kounosu-cho, Toyota-shi, Aichi Chubu Giken Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A gear-shaped deburring tool is brought into contact with the tooth profile of a gear to sequentially mesh the tooth profiles of the gear and the deburring tool, and the gear and the deburring tool are aligned in the tooth trace direction. A deburring device for sliding to remove burrs generated in a tooth profile portion, comprising depressurizing means for maintaining a pressure contact force between tooth surfaces of a gear and a deburring tool. . 2. The width of the deburring tool is formed smaller than that of the gear, and the gear and the deburring tool rotate in correspondence with the positional relationship between the gear and the deburring tool in the tooth trace direction. The deburring device according to claim 1, further comprising a control means for driving. 3. A first stroke in which a gear-shaped deburring tool having a width smaller than that of the gear is brought into contact with a tooth-shaped portion of the gear, and the gear and the deburring tool are slid in a tooth trace direction; A second stroke for rotating the gear and the deburring tool by a predetermined amount, and when the deburring tool is located in the vicinity of the end face portion of the gear, only the first stroke is performed; otherwise, the first stroke. Deburring method, characterized in that both the step and the second step are performed.