JPH0994163A - Batch continuation type extraction method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To extract essence continuously by using at least three extraction pots, conducting essence extraction in order by starting from the oldest extraction hysteresis pot out of the extraction pots that have remained after the exception of one extraction pot, and conducting, during this essence extraction, the discharge of extraction residual and the loading of extraction raw material by means of another extraction pot. SOLUTION: At the time of essence extraction work from tea leaves or the like, extraction raw material is first thrown into respective extraction pots A-E, and the respective pots A-E are sealed by means of upper lids. Next, by operating respective three-way changeover valves provided at the halfway points of the pipe passages 7-11 of an essence recovery piping 12 and the pipe passages 1-5 of an extraction water feed piping 6, a series extraction line to the extraction pots A-D is set. In this state, extraction is conducted by circulating extraction water in order at the extraction pots A-D, and recovery into a stock tank is carried out after the essence from the extraction pot D has been cooled. Afterwards, the extraction pots B-E are connected mutually in series, and at the same time the extraction pot A is separated from the extraction pots B-E, and extraction is conducted at the extraction pots B-E. Thereafter, extraction is continued by repeating similar operation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a batch continuous extraction method and apparatus used in an extract extraction and recovery process from coffee, tea, bonito flakes, crude drugs and other natural raw materials in the beverage / food processing industry and Chinese medicine industry. Is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a batch extraction method has been known as a means for extracting an extract from coffee beans, tea leaves or the like. In this extraction method, the extraction raw material is placed in an extraction pot, a predetermined amount of extraction water (hot water) is added to this, and the mixture is stirred, and after stirring, it is taken out of the pot and the residual solids are separated to extract. I try to collect the ingredients.

[0003]

In the conventional batchwise extraction method described above, sufficient extraction cannot be performed without using 10 times or more of the extraction water as the extraction raw material, so that the concentration of the extract is 1 to 2 wt% or more. Was difficult to obtain. Further, since the extract component having the same concentration as the recovered extract remains in the extraction residue in an amount equal to or more than the residual solid content, the loss is very large. Therefore, when the high-concentration extract is recovered, the loss increases accordingly. Therefore, when a high-concentration extract is required up to now, the extract recovered at 1 to 2 wt% was concentrated by an evaporator to increase the concentration. However, when it is evaporated and concentrated, the aroma component and the like are scattered and the quality of the extract is significantly reduced. Furthermore, since the residual solid content is on the verge of melting, it is not easy to separate and collect the extract.

On the other hand, as other extraction means, an extraction method in which the extraction raw material and the extraction water (hot water) are countercurrently flowed in an extraction vessel having a longer cylinder length than the cylinder diameter, or a screen is provided at the bottom. An extraction method is also known in which the extraction raw material is placed in the extraction kettle that it has, and the extraction water (hot water) is injected from the top and the extraction components are extracted by permeating the extraction water into the extraction raw material. Compared with the above, there is a drawback that an extraction residue is easily clogged and cannot be discharged in an extraction kettle having a long body length, and the latter also has a drawback that discharge processing of the extraction residue is not easy.

The present invention has been proposed in view of these drawbacks, and an object of the present invention is to improve the extraction efficiency of the extract component to minimize the loss, and to provide a high-concentration and high-quality extract. It is an object of the present invention to provide a batch continuous extraction method and an apparatus capable of extracting and recovering.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the method of the present invention uses at least three extraction pots, and the extraction histories always remain in the remaining extraction pots except one of these. Extraction extraction is performed by switching the valve so that the extraction water flows in sequence from the oldest one, and the extraction residue is discharged and the extraction raw material is charged in the one extraction pot removed during this extraction. .

Further, the apparatus of the present invention comprises at least three extraction pots having a structure in which the extraction raw material is charged from the upper part and the extraction residue is discharged from the lower part, and a pipe line with a three-way switching valve at the bottom of each extraction container. Extraction water supply pipes connected to each other via extractors, extract recovery pipes connected to the top of each extraction kettle via pipes with a three-way switching valve, and three-way switching valves installed in the middle of each pipeline of the extract recovery pipes. And a communication pipe that communicates between the three-way switching valves installed in the middle of each pipe of the extraction water supply pipe connected to the extraction kettle adjacent to the extraction kettle to which the pipe is connected,
The compressed air supply pipes are connected to each other in the middle of each pipe of the extract recovery pipe (between the extraction pot and the three-way switching valve) via a pipe with an opening / closing valve.

According to the present invention, the extraction residue can be discharged and the extraction raw material can be charged during the extraction of the extract to extract the extract almost continuously, and the extract can be sequentially extracted from a plurality of extraction pots. The concentration is gradually increased as it flows in series to obtain a high-concentration extract.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an extraction pot, FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an overall configuration of an embodiment of the present invention apparatus, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a raw material charging hopper.

As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus of the present invention has at least three, for example, five extraction pots A to E having a structure in which the extraction raw material is charged from the upper part and the extraction residue is discharged from the lower part,
Extraction water (hot water) supply pipe 6 connected to the lower part of each extraction cauldron A to E via pipe lines 1 to 5 with a three-way switching valve, and piping 7 with a three-way switching valve at the upper part of each extraction cauldron A to E Extract collection pipe 12 and extract collection pipe 1 connected to each other through
2 in the middle of pipelines 7-11 (three-way switching valve) and the pipeline 7-
Extraction pots A to E adjacent to the extraction pots A to E to which 11 is connected
(Communication pipes 13 to 17 for communicating between pipes 1 to 5 (three-way switching valves) of the extraction water supply pipes 6 connected to the (extraction pot A in the case of the pipe 11 connected to the extraction pot E), respectively. And a pressurized air supply pipe 23 connected in the middle of the pipe lines 7 to 11 of the extract recovery pipe 12 (between the extraction pot and the three-way switching valve) via pipe lines 18 to 22 with open / close valves. Is.

At the lower ends of the extraction pots A to E, as shown in FIG. 2, a flat plate-like lower lid 24 for discharging the extraction residue which can be opened and closed with one touch is installed. The lower lid 24 is attached by a hinge structure and is automatically opened / closed by an opening / closing cylinder 25 which is a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder. Further, in order to improve the airtightness between the lower ends of the extraction pots A to E and the lower lid 24, the lower ends of the extraction pots A to E and the lower lid 24 are hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders when the lower lid 24 is closed. It is clamped by a vise-type clamp ring 26 that can be automatically opened and closed by an opening / closing cylinder (not shown), and an O-ring 2 is provided around the lower ends of the extraction pots A to E.
7 is attached.

Further, an extract inlet nozzle 29 with a baffle 28 is installed at the lowermost portion of the extraction pots A to E, and the extract inlet nozzles 29 are connected to the pipe lines 1 to 5 of the extraction water supply pipe 6. is there. The baffle plate 28 is for preventing the residual solid matter in the extraction pots A to E from being scattered by the extract flowing in from the extract inlet nozzle 29.

An extract outlet elbow nozzle 30 having a tip opening upward is installed at the top of the extraction pots A to E. The extract outlet elbow nozzle 30 is connected to the extract passages 7 to 11 of the extract recovery pipe 12. Pipe lines 18 to 22 of the pressurized air supply pipe 23 are connected.

Further, an end plate-shaped upper lid 31 for supplying the extraction raw material, which can be opened and closed with one touch, is installed at the upper ends of the extraction pots A to E, and inside the upper lid 31, the tip of the extract outlet elbow nozzle 30 is located in the center. A mesh net 32 having a mesh size of 50 (to 80) and having a perforated structure that can be inserted is installed. The upper lid 31 is attached by a hinge structure, and is an opening / closing cylinder 33 made of a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder.
Automatically opens and closes. Further, in order to improve the airtightness between the upper ends of the extraction pots A to E and the upper lid 31,
As shown in FIG. 3, in a closed state of the upper lid 31, a vise-type clamp ring in which the upper end portions of the extraction pots A to E and the upper lid 31 can be automatically opened / closed by an opening / closing cylinder 34 formed of a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder. An O-ring 36 is mounted around the lower ends of the extraction pots A to E, which are clamped by 35. The mesh net 32 is for preventing the residual solid matter from flowing into the extract outlet elbow nozzle 30.

As shown in FIG. 4, a raw material supply device 37 is installed above the extraction pots A to E. The raw material supply device 37 is composed of a duct 38 and a fixed quantity conveyor 39 that is driven to run along the duct 38. The duct 38 is provided with a raw material hopper 40 for containing an extraction raw material and extraction. A drop port 41 with a slide valve (not shown) for supplying the extraction raw material to the kettles A to E is formed,
A material feeding hopper 43 that can be raised and lowered by a raising and lowering cylinder 42, which is a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, is installed in the drop port 41. The slide valve (not shown) of the drop port 41 is slidably attached so as to open and close the upper end opening of the drop port 41, and is slid by an opening / closing cylinder composed of a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder to open and close the upper end opening of the drop port 41. Sir,
When opened, the extraction raw materials are dropped and supplied to the extraction pots A to E. The raw material feeding hopper 43 is, as shown in FIG.
The nozzle cover 44 is formed in a funnel shape that can be inserted into the upper part of the to E and has a conical nozzle cover 44 inside. The nozzle cover 44 is for preventing the extraction raw material from flowing into the extract outlet elbow nozzle 30.

A residue extracting device 45 is installed below the extraction pots A to E, as shown in FIG. The residue take-out device 45 includes a take-out conveyor 46 that is driven to run in the take-out direction of the residue, and side guide plates 47 that are installed on both sides of the take-out conveyor 45.

FIG. 6 shows the overall construction of the device of the present invention. An extraction water supply device 48 is connected to the extraction water supply pipe 6, and the extraction water supply device 48 allows the extraction water supply pipe 6 to pass through the extraction water supply pipe 6. Extracted water is supplied to the lower part of A to E.

A stock tank 49 is connected to the extract recovery pipe 12, and the extract flowing out from the upper part of the extraction cauldrons A to E is passed through the extract recovery pipe 12 to the stock tank 4.
9 collect.

In the middle of the extract recovery pipe 12 (pipe 1
A cooler 50 is installed between 1 and the stock tank 49, and the cooler 50 cools the extract collected in the stock tank 49.

Further, a pressurized air supply device (not shown) is connected to the pressurized air supply pipe 23, and the pressurized air supply device supplies pressurized air to the upper portions of the extraction vessels A to E. .

The apparatus shown in FIG. 6 has the above-described structure. Next, the method of the present invention for extracting an extract from an extraction material will be described.

First, the upper lids 31 of the extraction kettles A to E are opened respectively, and the extraction raw materials are fed into the extraction kettles A to E by the raw material supply device 37 via the raw material feeding hoppers 43 to extract the respective extractions. The extraction raw materials are loaded into the kettles A to E. After that, the upper lids 31 of the extraction pots A to E are closed, and the extraction pots A to E are closed.
Seal.

Next, the three-way switching valve installed in the middle of the pipelines 1 to 5 of the extraction water supply pipe 6 and the three-way switching valve installed in the middle of the pipelines 7 to 11 of the extract recovery pipe 12 are operated to operate the extraction pot. While connecting A to D in series, the extraction pot E is separated from the extraction pots A to D. That is, the serial extraction lines from the extraction pots A to D are set.

In this state, the extracted water is supplied to the lower part of the extraction kettle A by the extraction water supply device 48 through the pipe line 1 of the extraction water supply pipe 6, and the extracted water is sequentially circulated through the extraction kettles A to D. By doing so, extraction is performed. This extract is in the extraction pot A ~
The concentration gradually increases as D is sequentially distributed, and an extract having a predetermined concentration, for example, 10 wt% is discharged from the extraction pot D. At this time, the extraction water is supplied at a constant rate until the extraction raw materials in the extraction kettles A to D are moistened and the extract flowing out of the extraction kettle D after being filled with the extraction liquid is less than 10 wt%. Be done. Further, the extract flowed out from the extraction pot D passes through the extract recovery pipe 12 and is cooled by the cooler 50 in the middle thereof to be recovered in the stock tank 49.

Then, when the concentration of the extract discharged from the extraction pot D falls below 10 wt%, the extraction water supply pipe 6
The three-way switching valve installed in the middle of the pipelines 1 to 5 and the three-way switching valve installed in the middle of the pipelines 7 to 11 of the extract recovery pipe 12 are operated to connect the extraction vessels B to E in series,
Cut off the extraction pot A from the extraction pots B to E. That is, the extraction pot B-
Switch set to serial extraction line up to E. Then, the extracted water is supplied to the lower part of the extraction cauldron B by the extracted water supply device 48 via the conduit 2 of the extracted water supply pipe 6, and extraction is performed in the extraction cauldrons B to E. Is extracted, passes through the extract recovery pipe 12, and is cooled by the cooler 50 along the way to be recovered in the stock tank 49. At the same time, the extraction residue in the extraction pot A is discharged and the extraction raw material is loaded. That is, the extraction pot A
The lower lid 24 is opened to open the conduit 2 of the pressurized air supply pipe 23.
The on-off valve installed in the middle of 2 is opened, and pressurized air is supplied from the extract outlet elbow nozzle 30 into the extraction cauldron A by the pressurized air supply device, and the pressure of this pressurized air causes the extraction residue in the extraction cauldron A to be removed. It is instantaneously discharged (because water is clogged in the kettle and pressure is applied to the entire cross section of the kettle), and the residue is taken out by the residue extracting device 45 as appropriate. continue,
The lower lid 24 of the extraction cauldron A is closed and the upper lid 31 is opened, and the extraction raw material is put into the extraction cauldron A by the raw material supply device 37 through the raw material feeding hopper 43 and loaded. 31 is closed and sealed.

Similarly, when the concentration of the extract flowing out from the extraction pot E falls below 10 wt%, the three-way switching valve and the extract recovery pipe 12 installed in the middle of the pipe lines 1 to 5 of the extraction water supply pipe 6 will be described. A three-way switching valve installed in the middle of the pipelines 7 to 11 is operated to connect the extraction pots C to E and A in series and to disconnect the extraction pot B from the extraction pots C to E and A. That is, the set is switched to the serial extraction line from the extraction pots C to E, A. After that, the same operation as above is repeated to continue the extraction.

Next, when the extraction is finished, for example, when the series extraction lines of the extraction pots A to D reach the end time, the concentration of the extract discharged from the extraction pot D is 10 w.
When t% is cut, the pipelines 1 to 5 of the extraction water supply pipeline 6
Three-way switching valve and extract recovery pipe 12 installed in the middle of
The three-way switching valve installed in the middle of the pipelines 7 to 11 is operated to sequentially cut off from the extraction pot A, and the supply of the extraction water is also sequentially reduced by 1/4 accordingly, and the process is completed.

When the extract is extracted from the extraction material as described above, the extraction residue can be discharged and the extraction raw material can be charged during the extraction to extract the extract almost continuously, and the extraction water can be supplied. By moving the valve to the next extraction pot by a valve operation, a pseudo counterflow state is created, whereby the temperature difference can be maximized and the extraction efficiency of the extract component can be increased.

Next, experimental data obtained by the method of the present invention will be introduced. In the experiment, coffee beans were tested under the following specifications. Specifications Conditions Coffee bean throughput: 240kg / B Pot size: 250A * L1000 Number of pots: 5 units (extracting line consists of 4 units, 1 unit is spare) Total number of pots prepared: 16 pots Extraction time: 180 min Extraction Water temperature: 90 ° C. Extracted extract amount: 540 kg / B Extracted extract concentration: 11.1 wt% The physical properties of the extract (coffee beans) are as follows. Physical Properties of Extract Shape of Extraction Raw Material: 1/8% True Specific Gravity of Dry Product: Approx. 2 Apparent Specific Gravity of Dry Product: 0.35 Volume Expansion after Soaking in Water: 120% Experiment with the above specified conditions and physical properties of extract As a result, it was found that 25% of the ingredients in the raw material were eluted into water, and it was verified that the extraction efficiency of the extract ingredients was high.

Although the above embodiment has exemplified the case where five extraction pots are used, the present invention may be carried out by using three, four or five or more extraction pots.

[0031]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Extraction can be performed almost continuously in a pseudo-counterflow state to enhance the extraction efficiency of the extract components and minimize losses, and the concentration is increased as the extract flows through multiple extraction vessels in series in sequence. Thus, a high-concentration extract can be recovered, and since a high-concentration extract can be recovered, a high-quality extract can be obtained without the need for evaporative concentration.

Further, since the extraction residue in the extraction cauldron is discharged by using the pressurized air, the extraction residue in the extraction cauldron is instantaneously discharged, and the extraction residue of the extraction cauldron can be easily discharged.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional front view of an essential part of an extraction pot.

FIG. 3 is a top view of an extraction pot.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a raw material supply device and a residue extraction device.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a raw material charging hopper at the time of charging a raw material.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an overall configuration of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A to E Extraction pot 1 to 5 Pipe line with three-way switching valve of extraction water supply pipe 6 Extraction water supply pipe 7 to 11 Pipe line with three-way switching valve of extract recovery pipe 12 Extract recovery pipe 13 to 17 Communication pipe 18 to 22 Pipe line with open / close valve of compressed air supply pipe 23 Pressurized air supply pipe 24 Lower lid 29 Extract inlet nozzle 30 Extract outlet elbow nozzle 31 Upper lid 37 Raw material supply device 43 Raw material input hopper 44 Nozzle cover 45 Residue extraction device 48 Extraction water supply device 49 Stock tank 50 cooler

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. Use of at least three extraction pots,
Extraction is performed by switching the valve so that the extraction water always flows in series from the oldest extraction kettle except one of these in order from the oldest extraction history, and one extraction kettle removed during this extraction The batch continuous extraction method is characterized in that the extraction residue is discharged and the extraction raw material is charged in. 2. An extraction raw material is charged from the upper portion and at least three extraction kettles having a structure in which the extraction residue is discharged from the lower portion are respectively connected to the lower portion of each extraction kettle via a pipe line with a three-way switching valve. Extraction water supply pipe, extract recovery pipe connected to the top of each extraction kettle via a pipe with a three-way switching valve, three-way switching valve installed in the middle of each pipe of the extract recovery pipe and the above-mentioned pipe connection The three-way switching valves installed in the pipelines of the extraction water supply pipes that are connected to the extraction pot adjacent to the extraction pot and the pipes of the extract collection pipe (extracted) A batch continuous extraction device, characterized in that it comprises a pressurized air supply pipe connected to each other (between the shuttle and the three-way switching valve) via a pipeline with an on-off valve.