JPH0988485A - Muck crushing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily continuously discharge the muck produced at the time of driving a tunnel on a belt conveyor by crushing the muck into pieces of a fixed size with a grizzly and hydraulic breakers provided so that the breakers can be swung. SOLUTION: A muck crushing mechanism 15 is mounted on a main body provided with a traveling mechanism and crushed muck X is carried to the rear side on a main body conveyer 16. The mechanism 15 is provided with a grizzly 18 and two hydraulic breakers 23 which apply impact loads to the muck X. The crushing of the muck X is made easier by providing the breakers 23 so that the breakers can be swung and the directions of the working axes of the breakers 23 can be changed. In addition, the muck X is made to be discharged continuously from a driven tunnel by arranging a mobile conveyor which can be swung and swivelled and has a fixed length on the rear side of the main body conveyor 16 in the driving direction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shear crushing device suitable for use in carrying out a scrap generated on a face of a tunnel when excavating a tunnel to the outside of a tunnel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, when excavating a tunnel,
Debris that occurs when the rock face is blasted, rock cut, or split rock is carried out of the tunnel by a dump truck. However, the exhaust gas, dust, noise, etc. generated from the dump truck deteriorate the working environment in the mine, and at the time of exchanging the dump truck, the unloading work must be interrupted, so that the unloading work efficiency is low. is there.

For this reason, in recent years, electric belt conveyors have been frequently used, thereby improving the working environment and continuously carrying the slips to improve the unloading work efficiency.

[0004]

However, in the case of using the belt conveyor as described above, the deviation generated from the face of the face must be subdivided in order to be carried on the belt conveyor. . A commercially available jaw crusher may be used as a crusher for breaking the slits, but such a jaw crusher has the following problems. For example, in order to divide a large lump of about 1 cubic meter into small pieces, the jaw crusher will be large and costly, and if the tunnel diameter is small, it is impossible to carry it into the mine itself. There is also a problem. Moreover, if the jaw crusher is used to divide the scrap into small pieces, the pieces will be crushed more finely than necessary to carry on a belt conveyor, resulting in excessive quality. In addition, the carry-out capacity by the belt conveyor is generally 4
It is ~ 6 cubic m / min, and there is no jaw crusher having a crushing processing capacity capable of crushing a scrap at a speed commensurate with this carry-out capacity.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a small crushing and crushing device having a high crushing treatment capacity, a small size, and a low cost.

[0006]

The invention according to claim 1 is
A crushing mechanism that crushes the gap that occurs when excavating a tunnel to a size that is smaller than a predetermined size in a main body that is equipped with a traveling mechanism and that is directed toward the rear in the digging direction. The crushing mechanism is configured to include a main body conveyor of a constant length to convey, and the crushing mechanism crushes a grizzle for sieving shavings to be crushed, and a grate provided above the grizzling to apply a load to the shavings to be crushed. A plurality of breakers are provided, and each breaker is swingably provided so that the direction in which a load is applied can be changed.

The invention according to claim 2 is the shearing and crushing device according to claim 1, wherein a movable conveyor of a fixed length is arranged on the rear side of the main body conveyor in the excavation direction so as to be swingable and rotatable. It is characterized by being.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2
As shown in FIG. 1, a crushing / carrying-out system A is provided in the tunnel 1 during excavation. In the crushing / carrying-out system A, the crushing loading device 3, the crushing crushing device 4, the moving conveyor 5, and the extension conveyor 6 are arranged in order from the face 2 side toward the rear side in the excavation direction (right side in the figure). And all of these devices are powered by electricity.

As shown in FIG. 1, the slip loading device 3
Is for loading the gap X generated during excavation of the face face 2, and is provided with a crawler 7 on a free-moving main body 8, a boom 10 having a bucket 9 at its tip, and a front (left side in the figure). ) And a conveyor 11 that is provided so as to gradually rise rearward (to the right in the drawing). In such a scrap loading device 3, the boom 10
Is operated to scrape the scraps X by the bucket 9 and mount the scraps X on the conveyor 11, and the scraps X are conveyed toward the scrap shredding device 4 at the rear.

The scrap crushing device 4 receives the scrap X from the conveyor 11 of the scrap loading device 3, crushes the scrap X into a size smaller than a predetermined size, that is, a size that can be conveyed by the moving conveyor 5 and the extension conveyor 6, and moves the moving conveyor 5. To send to. The shear crushing device 4 includes a crawler (running mechanism) 13 and a self-propellable main body 14 on which a crushing mechanism 15 for crushing the scratches X and a scraping X crushed by the crushing mechanism 15 are provided.
And a main body conveyor 16 that conveys the sheet toward the rear.

The crushing mechanism 15 for crushing the scrap X
Has the following configuration. At the front part of the main body 14, a grizzle 18 for sieving the slip X is provided. As shown in FIG. 3, this grizzly 18
Is composed of bars 19, 19, ... Installed at regular intervals, and the installation interval is set according to the size of the gap X that can be carried by the moving conveyor 5 and the extension conveyor 6 (see FIG. 1). Has been done. Each bar 19 is made of steel, and its upper surface is formed in a triangular shape in cross section.

As shown in FIG. 1, at the rear of the main body 14, there is provided a turntable 20 which is driven to rotate in a horizontal plane. On the turntable 20, an arm 21 is provided which is driven by hydraulic cylinders 21a and 21b so as to be swingable and bendable in a vertical plane. As shown in FIG. 3, two hydraulic breakers (breakers) 23, 23 are provided at the tip of this arm 21 via a support member 22. Each hydraulic breaker 23 has a structure in which a main body 23a is provided with a crushing rod 23b which is hydraulically driven in the axial direction thereof, so that the crushing rod 23b is driven in the extending direction to apply an impact load to an object. Has become.

The hydraulic breakers 23, 23 are arranged on both sides of the support member 22, and the longitudinal intermediate portions thereof are axially supported by the support member 22, respectively. A bendable support arm 24 is provided between the upper end of the support member 22 and the upper end of each hydraulic breaker 23, and a hydraulic cylinder 25 is provided between the bent portion of the support arm 24 and the support member 22. Is installed. When this hydraulic cylinder 25 is driven to expand and contract, the support arm 24 is bent, and the hydraulic breaker 23 swings around the portion pivotally supported by the support member 22, so that the angle in the operating axis direction can be changed. ing.

In the crushing mechanism 15 having such a structure, the scrap X to be crushed is placed on the grizzle 18, the turntable 20 shown in FIG.
And the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder 24 causes the grizzly 18
The gap X is sandwiched by the hydraulic breakers 23, 23. Then, in this state, the hydraulic breakers 23, 2
3 is operated to continuously apply an impact load to the Zuri X to crush it. Then, the scrap X crushed into a size equal to or smaller than the gap between the bars 19, 19, ... Of the grizzling 18 is below the main body conveyor 1 from between the bars 19, 19 ,.
It is designed to fall on top of 6.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), when the cracks X to be crushed are small lumps, the hydraulic breakers 23, 23 respectively crush a plurality of cracks X in parallel. Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, when the crack X to be crushed is a large lump, the hydraulic cylinder 2
5 and 25 are driven to expand and contract to both hydraulic breakers 23 and 2
Adjust the angle of 3 so that the operating axis direction is directed to the center of the gap X, and in this state both hydraulic breakers 2
3, 23 are driven simultaneously.

As shown in FIG. 1, the main body conveyor 1
6 is provided from below the grizzly 18 toward the rear,
The part behind the rear end of the main body 14 is the front (left side in the figure)
Is inclined so as to gradually rise from the rear to the rear (right in the figure).

Outriggers 26, 2 for fixing the slip crushing device 4 are provided at four corners of the main body 14 of the slip crushing device 3.
6, are provided.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the movable conveyor 5, a belt conveyor 31 of a predetermined length is provided on a crawler 30 which is movable and movable so as to be rotatable in a horizontal plane, and a hydraulic cylinder 32 is further provided. The tilt angle can be changed by expanding and contracting. Such a moving conveyor 5 is arranged such that its front end portion 5a is located below the main body conveyor 16 of the shearing and crushing device 4, and its rear end portion 5b is located above the front end portion 6a of the extension conveyor 6. .

As shown in FIG. 4, the extension conveyor 6 is
An endless belt 35 is wound between a rotary shaft 34a provided at the front end portion 6a and a rotary shaft 34b provided at the rear end portion 6b, and the belt 35 is circularly driven by a drive device (not shown). It has become so.

The rotary shaft 34a of the front end portion 6a of the extension conveyor 6 is provided on a trolley 36 which is free to move.
As a result, the front end portion 6a of the extension conveyor 6 can be advanced when the tunnel 1 is being advanced, and can be retracted and retracted when, for example, the face 2 (see FIG. 1) is blasted.

A telescopic mechanism 37 for telescopically extending the entire length of the extension conveyor 6 is provided in the middle of the extension conveyor 6. The expansion / contraction mechanism 37 includes fixed shafts 39a, 39b, 39c rotatably supported by a base 38, and a moving shaft 40 slidably driven by a torque motor (not shown) or a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) along the excavation direction of the tunnel 1.
a, 40b, 40c. Further, the belt 35 of the extension conveyor 6 has fixed shafts 39a, 39b, 39c and movable shafts 40a, 40b, 40 on the return side.
The extra length of the belt 35 is accommodated in the expansion / contraction mechanism 37. In the extension / contraction mechanism 37, the extra length of the belt 35 accommodated in the extension / contraction mechanism 37 is changed by sliding and adjusting the positions of the moving shafts 40a, 40b, 40c. Then, the tension of the belt 35 is the tension of the belt tensioning device 41.
Is adjusted by pulling the moving shafts 40a, 40b, 40c leftward in the drawing.

Further, a belt stock device 42 is installed in the tunnel 1 and a spare belt (not shown) of a certain length for winding up the belt 35 of the extension conveyor 6 is wound around the belt stock device 42. Then, when the extra length of the belt 35 accommodated in the extension / contraction mechanism 37 has been paid out, a spare belt (not shown) of a certain length is added from the belt stock device 42 to further extend the entire length of the extension conveyor 6. Has become.

Next, a method of carrying the sludge X out of the tunnel 1 by using the slear crushing / carrying-out system A having the above structure will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, for example, by blasting the face 2
The slip X generated from the bucket 9 of the slip loading device 3
They are collected by scraping, conveyed to the rear by the conveyor 11, and transferred onto the grizzle 18 of the crushing and crushing device 4.

In the crushing and crushing device 4, the grizzly 1
If the slide X transferred onto the sheet 8 is smaller than the installation interval of the bars 19, 19, ..., It drops on the main body conveyor 16 below as it is.

Also, the slip X on the grizzly 18 is bar 1
If the distance is larger than the installation intervals of 9, 19, ..., The bars are directly placed on the grizzly 18 without passing through the gap between the bars 19, 19 ,.

Then, the turntable 2 of the crushing mechanism 15
By turning 0, swinging and bending the arm 21, and expanding and contracting the hydraulic cylinder 24 (see FIG. 3), the hydraulic breaker 2
3 and 23 are opposed to the Zuri X remaining on the grizzly 18,
These hydraulic breakers 23, 23 are operated to continuously apply an impact load to the slip X to crush it. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), when the crack X to be crushed is a small lump, the hydraulic breaker 23,
23 Plural pieces X are crushed. Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), when the slip X to be crushed is a large lump, the hydraulic cylinders 24, 24 are driven to expand and contract to adjust the angles of both hydraulic breakers 23, 23 to operate respectively. The axis should be oriented toward the center of the gap X. By driving both hydraulic breakers 23, 23 at the same time in this state, it is possible to effectively apply a shock load to the slip X and crush it.

The scrap X crushed in this way passes through the bars 19, 19, ... Of the grizzle 18 and drops onto the main body conveyor 16 below.

As shown in FIG. 1, in this manner, the shavings X crushed to a size smaller than that which can be mounted on the moving conveyor 5 and the extension conveyor 6 and dropped on the main body conveyor 16 are conveyed to the rear, and are moved to the moving conveyor. Extension conveyor 6 through 5
It is transferred to the outside of the tunnel 1 mine. After that, the carried-out slip X is carried out of the site by, for example, a dump truck.

By the way, when the recovery position of the slip X at the position facing the facet 2 changes or when the excavation of the tunnel 1 progresses, the scrap loading device 3, the scrap crushing device 4,
Since the moving conveyor 5 is provided with the crawlers 7, 13, and 30, respectively, each of them is allowed to move by itself. In addition, the extension conveyor 6 extends the entire length by moving the carriage 36 and adjusting the feeding length of the belt 35 by the extension / contraction mechanism 37 in accordance with the movement of the slip loading device 3, the slip crushing device 4, and the moving conveyor 5. I will do it. Also,
When the positional relationship among the crushing and crushing device 4, the moving conveyor 5, and the extension conveyor 6 changes due to this movement,
The belt conveyor 31 of the movable conveyor 5 is swung and swung to adjust the positional relationship.

Further, when the surplus length of the belt 35 accommodated in the expansion / contraction mechanism 37 becomes insufficient as the excavation of the tunnel 1 progresses, the belt stock device 42 advances the excavation for a certain length, for example, one week. A spare belt (not shown) with a length corresponding to the quantity is added.

In this way, in the crushing / carrying-out system A, the crushing X generated on the face 2 is scraped, crushed to a predetermined size or smaller, and continuously carried out to the outside of the tunnel 1. It is like this.

As described above, the shear crushing device 4 conveys the crushing mechanism 15 for crushing the shear X to a predetermined size or less and the crushed shear X to the rear on the main body 14 provided with the crawler 13. The main body conveyor 16 is provided. As a result, the shear crushing device 4 becomes highly manoeuvrable, and when the recovery position of the scrap X at the position facing the facet 2 changes or when excavation of the tunnel 1 progresses, the shear crushing device 4 Since it is possible to quickly perform the moving work of No. 3, it is possible to shorten the construction period by minimizing the interruption of the carrying-out work of the slip X.

Further, the crushing mechanism 15 has a grizzly 18
And two hydraulic breakers 2 that apply shock load to Zuri X
3 and 23, and the hydraulic breakers 23 and 23 are swingably provided so that the operating axis direction can be changed. Accordingly, when the scrap X to be crushed is a small lump, the crushing work can be efficiently advanced by crushing the scrap X by each of the hydraulic breakers 23, 23. On the other hand, when the slip X is a large lump, the crushing force can be doubled by directing the operating axes of both hydraulic breakers 23, 23 toward the center of the slip X, and the time required for crushing can also be shortened. You can In this way, it is possible to configure the shear crushing device 4 having a higher crushing capacity than before without using a large hydraulic breaker. As a result, the shear crushing device 4 as a whole can be made compact and the cost can be reduced. It can be reduced. In addition, it becomes possible to bring the slipping and crushing device 4 into the tunnel 1 having a small mine diameter, which has conventionally been impossible to carry in the crusher. As a result, it is possible to significantly improve the efficiency of the crushing and carrying-out work of the scrap X.

Further, on the rear side of the crushing and crushing device 4, there is provided a movable conveyor 5 which has a belt conveyor 31 which can be swung and rocked and which can move by itself. As a result, the recovery position of the slag X at the position facing the facet 2 is changed, the excavation of the tunnel 1 progresses, and the smash crusher 4
Is moved and the positional relationship between the shearing and crushing device 4 and the extension conveyor 6 is deviated, the positional relationship can be easily adjusted.

In addition, by using the slide crushing / carrying-out system A which is composed of the electric slide loading device 3, the slide crushing device 4, the moving conveyor 5 and the extension conveyor 6,
The working environment inside the tunnel 1 can be improved.

In the above embodiment, the crushing mechanism 15
In addition, the two hydraulic breakers 23, 23 are provided, but the number thereof is not limited, and may be set as appropriate according to the occurrence state of the slip X, the conveyance capacity of the belt conveyor, and the like. Of course, if the number of hydraulic breakers 23 is increased, the crushing processing capacity can be improved. Further, the moving conveyor 5 and the slip crushing device 4 may not be separately provided, but the moving conveyor 5 may be integrally provided at the rear end portion of the slip crushing device 4. Furthermore, the crushing and unloading system A
It is needless to say that the same effects as the above can be obtained even if other configurations are applied, as long as the overall configuration and the like are not limited to the above.

[0037]

As described above, according to the shear crushing device of the first aspect of the invention, the crushing mechanism for crushing the slivers into a predetermined size or smaller is crushed on the main body having the traveling mechanism. It is configured to have a main body conveyor of a certain length for conveying the slip. This allows the crushing mechanism to convey the crushed pieces that are smaller than the size that can be mounted on the belt conveyor toward the rear with the main body conveyor, and transfer them to the belt conveyor etc. installed on the rear side of the crushing and crushing device. It is possible to continuously carry out the scraps to the outside of the tunnel mine, which makes it possible to improve the efficiency of carrying out the scraps. In this way, since the slip can be carried out without using a dump truck or the like as in the conventional case, the working environment in the mine can be improved. Moreover, since this crushing device has a structure in which the crushing mechanism and the main body conveyor are provided on the movable main body, the crushing mechanism is highly mobile, and the crushing mechanism, depending on the recovery point of the slip, The transport conveyor can be moved quickly, and interruption of the carry-out work for slippage can be minimized to shorten the construction period. Furthermore, the crushing mechanism,
A grizzle and a plurality of breakers are provided, and each breaker is swingably provided so that the direction in which a load is applied can be changed. Thus, when the chip to be crushed is a small lump, the crushing work can be efficiently performed by crushing the chip with each of the breakers provided. On the other hand, when the chip is a large lump, by operating a plurality of breakers toward the center of the chip, the crushing force can be doubled and the time required for the crushing can be shortened. Therefore, without using a large breaker, it is possible to configure a scraping and crushing device having a crushing processing capacity higher than conventional ones, and it is possible to downsize the device and reduce the cost. In addition, it is possible to bring the crushing and crushing device into a tunnel or the like having a small mine diameter, which has conventionally been impossible to carry in the crusher. In this way, it is possible to greatly improve the efficiency of crushing and carrying out the scrap.

According to the shear crushing apparatus of the second aspect, the movable conveyor which is swingable and rotatable is provided on the rear side of the main body conveyor in the excavation direction. As a result, the collection position of the scraps has changed and the tunnel excavation has progressed,
If the positional relationship with the belt conveyor etc. provided on the rear side of the shear crushing device shifts due to the movement of the main body, the movable conveyor is oscillated / swirled so that the positional relationship between the shear crushing device and the belt conveyor etc. Can be easily adjusted,
This also makes it possible to shorten the construction period by minimizing the interruption of the slip-out work.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a part of a shear crushing / unloading system to which a shear crushing device according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a main part of a crushing mechanism of the shear crushing device.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing another part of the scraping / carrying-out system.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 tunnel 4 crusher crushing device 5 moving conveyor (movable conveyor) 13 crawler (running mechanism) 14 main body 15 crushing mechanism 16 main body conveyor 18 grizzly 23 hydraulic breaker (breaker) X zuri

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A crushing mechanism for crushing a crack generated when a tunnel is excavated into a body of a movable size provided with a traveling mechanism and a crushing mechanism crushed by the crushing mechanism. A main body conveyor of a constant length that conveys backward in the direction is provided, and the crushing mechanism,
The grinder for sieving the shavings to be crushed, and a plurality of breakers provided above the grizzles for crushing by applying a load to the shavings to be crushed are provided, and each breaker is provided swingably A crushing and crushing device characterized by being able to change the direction in which it is added. 2. The shear crushing device according to claim 1, wherein
A shearing and crushing device, characterized in that a movable conveyor of a fixed length is arranged on the rear side of the main body conveyor in the excavation direction so as to be swingable and rotatable.