CN1004154B

CN1004154B - Excavating machine

Info

Publication number: CN1004154B
Application number: CN86101640.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 斯蒂芬·威廉姆·利瓦萨格; 劳伦斯·布里安·库明格斯
Original assignee: Kembla Coal & Coke Pty Ltd Wollongong Neusudwales New South Wales Au
Current assignee: Kembla Coal & Coke Pty Ltd Wollongong Neusudwales New South Wales Au
Priority date: 1985-03-15
Filing date: 1986-03-14
Publication date: 1989-05-10
Also published as: FI861078A0; FR2578903A1; DE3608024A1; FI861078A; CN86101640A

Abstract

An excavator includes a movable main chassis arranged on a crawler and a row of percussive chisels to peel off hard materials. The angles of chisels are small in the middle of the row and gradually enlarge to the both sides. When the excavator works at on the excavating bottom surface, the hinged lifting arm supports the row of chisels and a hydraulic cylinder is arranged to control the lifting of the chisels to determine the position of a chisel assembly. When the excavator is positioned on the upper position, a lifting device is used to support the chisel assembly. The lifting bar moves up and down on the excavating surface to determine the position of the chisel assembly. A scraper is arranged in the front of the excavator to collect and transport the peeled off material. A crusher acts as a part of a collecting and transporting apparatus.

Description

Excavator

The invention relates to a kind of excavator, particularly about a kind of scleroid surface mine and employed excavator of civil works of being used for.The excavator of being said in manual of the present invention and claim comprises the excavator of peeling off merely, also comprises the excavator of not only peeling off but also removing.

In a lot of on-the-spot materials, comprising harder part, can't remove them mostly with general digging technology.United States Patent (USP) 3,868,145 disclose a kind of boulder cracker, and it has rotating eccentric shaft drive unit.An impulse member movably is contained on the eccentric shaft with the form of encircling, and can be driven with the track that broken wheel shaft intermittently meshes with one.Because its structural restriction can not adopt a lot of and impact chisel, so its efficient is lower.Therefore, the objective of the invention is to provide a kind of excavator of peeling off stiff materials continuously, make it on excavation surface, peel off width, improve machine efficiency more than the machine in the file is wanted much wide.

Comprise a transportable main engine bed that is installed on crawler belt or the wheel according to excavator provided by the present invention, what a row was arranged side by side is used for peeling off the impact chisel of stiff materials and the bracing or strutting arrangement that connects above-mentioned chisel and above-mentioned support.Described row's chisel device comprises one group of central authorities' chisel and two outmost chisels that are positioned at its two ends, and the length direction of described at least two outmost chisels and this row's chisel has a certain degree, and makes described this row's chisel outwards stretch.

Below with reference to accompanying drawings two most preferred embodiments of the present invention being illustrated accompanying drawing comprises:

It shown in Figure 1A the side elevation view of a most preferred embodiment previous section of the present invention;

It shown in Figure 1B the side elevation view of excavator aft section among Figure 1A;

Shown in Figure 2 is elevation along 2-2 section line among Figure 1A;

Shown in Figure 3 is profile along 3-3 section line among Figure 1A;

The plan view that is mounted in the discharging conveying arrangement of excavator aft section among Figure 1B shown in Figure 4;

Shown in Figure 5 is profile along 5-5 hatching among Fig. 4;

Shown in Figure 6 is profile along 6-6 hatching among Fig. 4; And

Shown in Figure 7 is the side elevation view of second most preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Shown in the schematic diagram of Figure 1A and Figure 1B, excavator of the present invention comprises a main engine bed 21 that is used for fastening, and this support is installed in above the crawler belt 10 so that move, if ground condition is fit to also can be installed on the wheel.A pair of

rod member

11 and 12 is housed on main engine bed at least forms a boom, handle by hydraulic cylinder, just the rod member 12 in outside is rotated around pivot 34 with respect to rod member in the inside 11 by hydraulic cylinder 22 transmissions, and boom is swung up and down around a pivot (not showing on the figure) that is arranged in main engine bed with respect to main engine bed by hydraulic cylinder 23 transmissions, one row is housed on one end of the outside of boom impacts chisel 13, these chisels are contained on the bearing support 24, and this bearing support is installed on a pair of support arm separated by a distance 32, these two support arms are contained in the end of boom again by pivot 33, support arm can rotate around pivot 33, and the direction of chisel 13 and boom are perpendicular.Be equipped with one between rod member 12 and the support arm 32 outside and handle the vertical direction that cylinder 25 is used for regulating chisel.Consider and on excavation surface 20, to peel off the bigger stiff materials of width, may need to be equipped with the device of ten (as shown in Figure 2) even more impact chisels.The mode that this chisel device 13 can be taked to impact is simultaneously operated, the impact of also can program predefined according to or that the operator can change suitably controlling.As shown in Figure 2, one row's chisel 13 has different angles of inclination on the direction perpendicular to excavator, the angle of the chisel in close centre position is less, chisel near both sides then has bigger angle, that is to say that this angle strengthens gradually from the centre to both sides, thereby in mining process, a gap can be arranged on excavation surface.As shown in Figure 2, the chisel device is to be installed on the independent bracing frame 35 with bolt 36 or similar quick-release arrangement, like this, each chisel device just can take off easily and promptly and change so that place under repair or maintenance, thereby shortened the downtime of excavator.Whole bearing support 24 and whole row's chisel device are to install on the support arm 32 by connector 37 dismountable and preferably fast quick-detach.Therefore, can take off whole row's chisel device when being necessary.In addition in, can also fill up some rubber cushion pads 38 or other similar vibration-absorptive materials between chisel device 13 and the corresponding bearing support 35.Employed chisel device imagination is bigger on the excavator of the present invention, and the hydraulic pressure chisel of heavy duty work wherein has some can buy at present.The example of this class chisel has: the HM1600 type chisel that Krupp company makes, the H-30X type chisel that the pneumatic Manufacturing Co., Ltd of Nippon makes, the S200HD type chisel that UB23A2 type chisel that Okada company makes and Rammer company make.

Fallen on the bottom surface of excavation by the material that the chisel device strips down, to the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 6, the material of peeling off is to remove with scraper plate 14 at Figure 1A.This scraper plate is installed in the previous section of excavator by pivot 19, can swing up and down around pivot 19 by means of hydraulic cylinder 27 transmissions.Scraper plate reached the release liner that excavates on the bottom surface below, by means of a zip mode transporter 26 material of peeling off is sternward transported, and deliver in the hopper 15, this hopper is installed on the main engine bed of excavator, and the drive motor of zip mode transporter is represented with 28 in the drawings.Another method is with steel cable, chain or hydraulic drive as a kind of additional way perhaps, scraper plate is lifted and the material that will peel off of turning over installs in the hopper 15, and hopper is installed on the main engine bed of excavator.Scraper plate 14 can be loaded onto the tooth of sclerosis at its front end, also can install hinged turnover panel and side backplate on the scraper plate so that block release liner on the scraper plate.Can assist to collect the material of peeling off with the scraper plate coordinating operation with collection arm or other suitable mechanisms (not showing on the figure) in addition.In addition, shown in Figure 1A, one or several hydraulic cylinder 30 can be disposed between scraper plate 14 and main engine bed, by caterpillar drive, below the material that machine forces scraper plate to be in will to excavate.

Fallen material is transported to an end of transporter device 16 from hopper 15, this transporter device comprises that a pair of belt conveyer 16a(that is arranged side by side also can adopt the conveyer belt of a broad), these belt conveyers are installed in and are used in the excavator main engine bed release liner is transported on the discharging transporter, deliver to material on the stockpile by this discharging transporter again or the truck of packing in, in some cases, can also install on the other hauling operation line.When because former in the transportation thereby need be broken into littler size to release liner the time, also will be below hopper 15 crushing engine of installation, as scroll-type crushing engine 17 or other equipment of breaking into pieces, like this, before delivering to transporter device 16 1 ends, release liner can it be broken into fritter (referring to Fig. 3) with crushing engine.

Transporter device 16 will be cut from the aft section (referring to Figure 1B) of material delivery to excavator.Here, material enters a hopper 60, then by hopper fall a discharging conveying arrangement 61 a belt conveyer 62 above.This comprises that the discharging conveying arrangement of hopper 60 is installed on the support 63, this support is upwards stretched backward from excavator, and be installed in the rear end of excavator by rotating disk 64, like this, conveying arrangement just can turn round (rotating) in horizontal plane, simultaneously, above-mentioned mounting method can also make discharging conveying arrangement 61 can swing up and down (raise and reduce).

Below referring to Figure 1B and Fig. 4 to Fig. 6, for the discharging conveying arrangement can be turned round and swing up and down, installed the rearward extending sub-frame 65 that makes progress at the rear portion of excavator, shown in Figure 1B, link to each other with another one sub-frame 68 respectively with 67 with wire rope device 66 by the pulley of a series of revolution then with swing usefulness, and this sub-frame 68 is supported on the discharging conveying arrangement 61, the pulley and the wire rope device 66 of revolution usefulness comprise that two wire rope 69 are entangled in respectively on the devices for taking-up 70 of excavator both sides, these two devices for taking-ups are installed on the main engine bed, two wire rope are crossed one another reach the two ends of sub-frame 65, walk around the self-regulated pulley 71 there then and receive on the anchor point 72 on the sub-frame 68, sub-frame 68 is supported by the support 63 of discharging conveying arrangement 61.Turn in the same direction by transmission devices for taking-up 70, such as rotating clockwise or counterclockwise, clearly will there be a wire rope to twine on the devices for taking-up, the then uncoiling from the devices for taking-up of another wire rope, thereby just can make the discharging conveying arrangement on one side towards rotating or revolution, when the direction of rotation of devices for taking-up 70, the discharging conveying arrangement will turn round in the opposite direction.

Now referring again to Figure 1B and Fig. 4 to Fig. 6, the pulley and the wire rope device 67 of swing usefulness comprise a wire rope 73 that stretches out from devices for taking-up 74, devices for taking-up is installed on the main engine bed, the wire rope of this root swing usefulness is walked around the self-regulated pulley 75 that is installed on the sub-frame 65, walk around the idler sheaves 76 on the another one sub-frame 68 again, receive then on the anchor point 77 on the sub-frame 65, can see too clearly, when wire rope 73 is rolled onto on the devices for taking-up 74, discharging conveying arrangement 61 will be lifted or upwards swing, on the contrary, when wire rope from devices for taking-up 74 uncoiling the time, discharging conveying arrangement 61 is reduced or to lower swing.

Used self-regulated pulley 71 and 75 in revolution respectively with pulley and wire rope device 66 and in swinging with pulley and wire rope device 67, shown in Figure 5 is exactly the comparatively detailed schematic diagram of this pulley.This self-regulated pulley comprises that one is installed in the supporting york piece 79 and the pulley 78 that can freely rotate, and this supporting york piece is contained on the disk 85, and disk is clamped in the housing 80, can turn round therein.Between the flange 82 of the peripheral portion of disk 85 and housing some balls 81 are housed, have in fact formed a ball bearing unit, above-mentioned housing flange is one and radially stretches inwards then at axial upward bent nib.Each housing 80 ties up on the link with one section wire rope 86 again, that is to say, in the mechanism that swings up and down, tie up on the framework 83 on sub-frame 65 tops, in rotating mechanism, then tie up on the framework 84, this framework is installed in the both sides of sub-frame 65, is used for installing pulley and wire rope device.

Shown in Figure 1A, on the higher position of excavator, be provided with a driver's cabin 18, the operative employee handles excavator here, the operative employee can observe and control the operation of row's chisel device, can handle that excavator moves forward and collect the fragment that strips down with scraper plate, and can handle and translate into fragment in the hopper and the operation of other equipment on the excavator.On excavator main engine bed 21, also have an engine house 31 to be arranged on the back of driver's cabin 18.

Shown in Figure 7 in the accompanying drawing is second embodiment of excavator of the present invention, this excavator comprises a main engine bed 39 that is used for fastening, this support is installed in above the crawler belt 40 so that move, if ground condition is fit to also can be installed on the wheel.A prypole device is housed on main engine bed, and it forms (can only see one on the lateral view among Fig. 7) by the prypole 41 of two spaces, and this prypole device is handled and can be rotated with respect to main engine bed 39 by a hydraulic cylinder 42.One row is housed in the lower end of prypole device impacts chisel device 13 and bearing support thereof, these are all with shown in Figure 2 the same, so have adopted identical numbering.In the lower end of prypole device, the pivot 43 with fast quick-detach on the position that separates is connected with bearing support 24.Between prypole device and revoliving arm (perhaps rotary support 45), there is a hydraulic cylinder 44 also to link together with chisel bearing support 24, so just can regulate the angle of chisel device, make it center on pivot 43 and rotate with this hydraulic cylinder with respect to the prypole device.For prypole device and thereon chisel device of dress can be moved up and down, every prypole 41 all is equipped with a pitch chain 46, and pitch chain stretches to the other end and is separately fixed on two anchor points 47 up and down and 48 of prypole from this end of prypole.Every pitch chain all matches with the drive sprocket 49 that is contained in overcoat casing 51 the insides, and prypole contacts with some deflector rolls (not showing on the figure) in the casing by this overcoat casing.When drive sprocket rotated, sprocket wheel just drove the pitch chain that is mated, and prypole was risen and decline.Owing to, when the chisel termination contacts with excavation surface, can keep a downward pressure at the chisel terminal in the cooperation of descent direction upper sprocket wheel and pitch chain.The pivot of drive sprocket is simultaneously also as a gyroaxis 50, and under the effect of hydraulic cylinder 42, prypole and overcoat casing can be around this point revolutions.

At Fig. 1 to the excavator embodiment shown in Figure 6, excavator is to work on the bottom surface of excavating, from the bottom surface of excavating, the material that strips down is disposed simultaneously, and excavator shown in Figure 7 is different, because excavator is to move on the top of excavating, the material that is stripped down by chisel device 13 is all fallen on the bottom surface of excavation and is with independent suitable collection and haulage device release liner to be disposed, and these release liners are transported to a stockyard or the yard is gone by haulage device, also can transport, can also transport by transporter in some cases with truck.When because former in the transportation thereby need be broken into littler size to release liner the time, also need to dispose a crushing engine such as scroll-type crushing engine or other equipment of breaking into pieces, this crushing engine can be placed on the bottom surface of excavation, before release liner is transported earlier with crushing engine with its fragmentation.

As shown in the figure, also have a driver's cabin 52 to be arranged on eminence on excavator, the operative employee can observe and handle the operation situation of chisel device and the exercises of excavator, has also disposed balance weight and engine house 53 on the main engine bed 39 of excavator.

Claims

1, an excavator comprises that is installed in a transportable main engine bed on crawler belt or the wheel, the impact chisel device that can peel off hard material that one row is arranged side by side and the bracing or strutting arrangement that is used for connecting above-mentioned chisel and above-mentioned main engine bed is characterized in that described row's chisel device comprises one group of central authorities' chisel and two outmost chisels that are positioned at its two ends; The length direction of described at least two outmost chisels and this row's chisel has a certain degree, and makes said row's chisel outwards stretch.

2, excavator according to claim 1, its feature also is: all chisels all tilt to have a certain degree, and the angle of the chisel in close centre position is less, and the angle of the chisel on close both sides little by little strengthens.

3, according to claim 1 or 2 excavators of being said, wherein row's chisel device is demountable with the bracing or strutting arrangement that is connected.

4, according to claim 1 or 2 excavators of being said, wherein each chisel device all is can be installed on row's chisel device with dismantling.

5, according to claim 1 or 2 excavators of being said, wherein excavator is to be used for working on excavate part, the bracing or strutting arrangement of this excavator is a prypole device, and is equipped with and makes mechanism that prypole moves up and down so that the location of chisel device.

6, the excavator of saying according to claim 5, wherein above-mentioned prypole device is to move up and down on excavation surface.

7, according to claim 1 or 2 excavators of being said, wherein excavator is to be used for working on the bottom surface of excavating, above-mentioned bracing or strutting arrangement on this excavator is a hinged boom, be equipped with on the boom can make its lifting device so that the location of chisel device.

8, the excavator of saying according to claim 7 comprises the device that is used for collecting and transporting release liner.

9, the excavator of saying according to claim 8 also comprises a crushing engine, and this crushing engine is as a part of collecting and transporting the said apparatus of release liner.