JPH0986965A - Conductive film-laminated glass having penetrated hole or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the conductive film-laminated glass capable of preventing the generation of thermal cracks and the adhesion of frost by installing pairs of auxiliary electrodes at places near to the penetrated holes between a pair of main electrodes and subsequently binding the auxiliary electrodes to electric resistors installed around the penetrated holes. SOLUTION: A pair of main electrodes 2, 2 are extendedly installed at both the ends of a glass main body 1 having two penetrated holes 11, 11, and a conductive film 3 is placed on the substantially whole area excluding the penetrated holes 11, 11 between the main electrodes. Pairs of auxiliary electrodes 4, 4 are installed at places close to the penetrated holes 11, 11 in substantially parallel to the main electrodes 2, 2, and the auxiliary electrodes are connected to each other through cord heaters 5 placed on the peripheries of the penetrated holes 11, 11. The glass main body 1 is combined to the reinforced glass 8 of a test chamber 100 attached to the glass main body 1 through spacers 7, 7' placed in the peripheral parts and at places close to the penetrated holes 11, 11 to form a pair glass.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention applies a conductive film to a glass having a dropout portion that does not have a glass portion such as a through hole or a cutout portion for operation or cable wiring used in an environmental test device or the like. Regarding technology.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an environmental tester or the like, for example, tin oxide-based glass with a conductive film is often used in order to prevent fogging or frosting of the glass surface due to the internal temperature and humidity conditions. On the other hand, the environmental testing equipment is equipped with a glass door that allows the inside to be seen through in order to perform the test while operating the sample in the test chamber, and an operation hole and a cutout portion for putting a hand in it. There is a device. However, if there are operation holes, etc.,
Since the temperature distribution on the glass surface becomes non-uniform and causes thermal cracking, hitherto, glass with an operation hole has not been put to practical use in the glass on which the conductive film is mounted.

In the conventional glass with operation holes, a glass having a heat reflection film attached to a tempered glass surface is used. However, in this glass, the lower limit of the temperature in the bath that can be used is about -20 ° C, and there is a problem that dew condensation occurs on the outer surface of the glass at a temperature lower than this.

[0004]

If the glass with operating holes is heated by the conductive film as in the case of glass without operating holes, a device as shown in FIG. 5 or 6 is obtained. Become. That is, the bus bars 2'and 2'are attached to the upper and lower ends or the left and right ends of the glass body 1, and the EC film 3 is evenly attached to almost the entire surface of the glass except the operation hole 11 between them, and both ends of the bus bar are attached. The power supply will be connected to.

However, in such an apparatus, in the case of FIG. 5, the positions A, B, and B of the cross section XX of the operation hole 11 are provided.
In C, since the cross-sectional area of the EC film 3 is smaller than that of other portions, the current density and the heat generation density are large for the same current (shown by the number of vertical curves in the figure) and the heat generation amount, and the temperature is extremely high. Rise to. On the other hand, the vicinity of the end face of the operation hole is cooled by conduction and heat dissipation of cold air between the inside and outside. Further, above and below the operation hole, the current and heat generation density are small, and the temperature is low. Due to such a temperature difference, thermal stress is generated and the glass is thermally cracked.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, bus bars 2'on both sides,
If 2'is provided, the change in cross-sectional area in the direction perpendicular to the current is smaller than in the case of FIG. 5, so that extreme heat generation does not occur in the vicinity of the operation hole 11, but heat generation is particularly small in the B and C portions. , Condensation may occur locally.

Therefore, the present invention solves the above problems in the prior art, and provides a glass with a conductive film in which the temperature distribution is improved and thermal cracks and frost do not occur even if there are operation holes and the like. It is an issue.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a glass body having a through hole, a glass body having a through hole, and a glass body having a through hole, and both ends of the glass body. A pair of main electrodes, a substantially uniform conductive film provided almost entirely between the main electrodes except the through hole, and a pair of main electrodes substantially parallel to the pair of main electrodes. It is characterized in that it has a pair of auxiliary electrodes provided near both sides of the through hole, and an electric resistance body connected to the auxiliary electrode and provided in a peripheral portion of the through hole.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the glass with a conductive film having a dropout portion has a glass body having a portion having a dropout portion and a remaining portion at one end side and a substantially rectangular portion continuous with the portion at the other end side. An electrode and a uniform conductive film, the conductive film is composed of a main film portion provided in the rectangular portion and an auxiliary film portion provided in the remaining portion, and the electrode is the rectangular portion. The pair of first electrode portions provided on opposite sides of the first electrode portion and the pair of second electrode portions provided on both ends of the auxiliary film portion respectively connected to the first electrode portion, and the first film portion of the main film portion. 4. The inter-electrode length and the second inter-electrode length of the auxiliary film portion are made substantially the same, and
In addition to the above, the invention of claim 1 is characterized in that the auxiliary film portion is composed of a plurality of divided auxiliary film portions divided into at least two, and each of the divided auxiliary film portions is mutually connected by an auxiliary electrode, and the connection thereof is made. The second electrode portion is connected to both end portions of the body.

[0010]

1 shows an example of a glass with a conductive film having operation holes as through holes to which the present invention is applied.
The figure (a) shows the front side of the glass, and the electrodes and the conductive film are on the back side. For the conductive film, for example, an ITO film [(SnO ₂ + In ₂ O ₃ ) film], a zinc oxide film doped with aluminum, or the like in a narrow sense called a conductive film and a tin oxide film are commonly used. Normal EC
There is a film called a film and the like, but in the following example, an EC film will be described. However, it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied to conductive films in a broad sense.

The glass body has a glass body 1 having two through holes 11 and 11 and main bus bars 2 and 2 as a pair of main electrodes extending at both ends of the glass body 1 and between them. The EC film 3 as a conductive film provided almost entirely over the operation holes 11 and 11 and a pair of auxiliary electrodes provided near the operation holes 11 and 11 substantially parallel to the bus bars 2 and 2. It has auxiliary bus bars 4 and 4, and a cord heater 5 as an electric resistor which is connected to the auxiliary bus bars 4 and 4 and is provided in the peripheral portion of the operation holes 11 and 11 and at least covers the outside.

In this example, the glass body 1 is combined with the tempered glass 8 on the side of the test chamber 100 which is provided on the outer peripheral portion and the operation hole portion and is attached via the spacers 7 and 7'to form a pair glass. ing. Main bus bar 2,
An AC power supply 9 having a voltage of 200 V, for example, is supplied to 2. The EC film 3 is a uniform film having a constant thickness t, and its resistance value is, for example, 202 Ω / m ² . Code heater 5
Is attached to the front surface side of the glass 1 in this example, and is connected to the auxiliary bus bars 4 and 4 on the back surface side by the lead wires 6 and 6. In this case, it is desirable that the heat generation amount corresponding to the resistance of the EC film portion removed by the operation hole 11 and the heat generation amount corresponding to the resistance of the code heater 4 be approximately the same.

The spacer 7'is made of a material having good thermal conductivity, and a heating element 5'such as a cord heater 5 is wound around the spacer 7 ', as shown by a chain double-dashed line in FIG. 1 (b). You may make it heat the part near the operation hole of the glass 1 via the spacer 7 '.

According to such a glass with an EC film, a current also flows between the main busbars 2 and 2 through the auxiliary busbars 4 and 4 and the code heater 5 to the operation hole 11 portion. The electric current passing through the cross-section portion is reduced, the heat generation density in that portion is reduced, and an excessive temperature rise is suppressed. On the other hand, the periphery of the operation hole is heated by the cord heater 5, and the temperature rises. Due to both of these effects, the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the operation hole is improved and thermal cracking of the glass is prevented. Further, since the glass surface is heated almost uniformly over the entire surface and no portion having a low temperature is generated, dew condensation does not occur partially. Therefore, according to the present invention, the EC film can be adopted for the glass having the operation hole by merely providing the auxiliary bus bar and the cord heater without increasing the number of bus bars coupled to the power source.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a glass with a conductive film having an operation hole as a falling portion. The glass body portion 1 of the glass with an EC film is a lower portion 1 which is composed of operation holes 11, 11 as dropout portions and the remaining portion on the lower side in the figure which is one end side.
-2, and the upper part 1-which is a substantially rectangular part consisting of a long side and a short side on the upper side which is the other end side continuing from the above.
It is formed with 1.

The EC film 3 and the main EC film 3-1 as a main film portion provided on the upper portion 1-1 and X in the long side direction.
And a plurality of auxiliary film portions arranged in parallel in the direction. The auxiliary film portion includes both-end auxiliary EC films 3-2a and 3-2b as both-end auxiliary film portions on the short side and an intermediate auxiliary EC film 3-as an intermediate auxiliary film portion therebetween.
2c, 3-2d, and the sum of the lengths in the Y direction, which is the direction of the short sides thereof, that is, S ₁ + S ₂ + S ₃ + S ₄ shown in the figure is
It is almost the same as the length S of the main EC film 3-1.

The electrode is a first electrode provided opposite to the short side.
The first bus bars 2-1 and 2-1 as the electrode portions and the both end auxiliary EC films 3-2a and 3-2 which are continuously bent from the first and second end bars
The main busbars 2 and 2 each including a second busbar 2-2 or 2-2 as a second electrode portion extending to the portion -2b;
Two of them are adjacent to each other at both ends of the auxiliary film parts arranged in parallel.
It is formed by auxiliary bus bars 4a, 4b, 4c as auxiliary electrodes extending up to the set. Main bus bar 2,
2, the voltage E200 is the same as that of FIG.
AC power of (V) is supplied.

The glass with a conductive film having such operation holes is, for example, a horizontally long glass having a size of 815 (mm) × 657 (mm), and a size of S = 761 (mm) and S ₁ = S.
₄ = 169.5 (mm), S ₂ = S ₃ = 211 (mm)
Then, it is formed by attaching an EC film having a constant thickness t and a resistance value of 202 (Ω / m ² ). The resistivity ρ of this EC film is ρ = 202t (Ω-m), and the interelectrode resistance value R is R = ρL / A (Ω) (L is the interelectrode length, which is the same as S in the illustrated example. , And A is the cross-sectional area), the resistance R per unit width 1 (m) of this EC film is R = 202t × 0.761 / (t × 1) = 202 × 0 between the first bus bars. ．
761 (Ω) R = 202t × (0.1695 × 2 + 0.211 × 2) between the second busbars that solve the auxiliary busbars.
/(T×1)=202×0.761 (Ω), and the resistance per unit width is naturally the same on both the upper and lower sides.

Therefore, the electric power P (W) consumed by the EC film per unit width of 1 m is the same between any of the above bus bars, and P = E ² / R = 200 ² /202×0.761 (W) Become. This electric power radiates from the surface of the EC film as it is as Joule heat.

As described above, according to the present invention, by making the electrode intervals the same, the heat generation amount per unit area, that is, the heat generation density can be made the same in all parts of the EC film. As a result, excessive heat generation is eliminated even in the cross-sectional area of the position where the operation hole is present, and thermal cracking of the glass can be prevented. Further, since there is no bus bar above and below the operation hole, it is easy to see at hand.

FIG. 3 shows another example of the glass with a conductive film having a notch as a dropout portion. In the present example, notches 11 'and 11' are provided as dropout portions (however, in place of the notches, operation holes 11 "and 11" that are through holes as shown by a two-dot chain line in the drawing are provided. In this case, a member other than the glass plate, such as a rubber plate or a resin plate, may be provided in the portion corresponding to the dropout portion 11 'other than the operation hole 11 ". The auxiliary film portions are both-end auxiliary EC films 3-2e and 3-2f provided in parallel in the Y direction, which is the short side direction, and an intermediate auxiliary EC film 3-2g as an intermediate auxiliary film portion intermediate between these. And the sum of the lengths in the X direction, that is, S ₁ + S ₂ + S ₃ shown in the figure is almost the same as the length S of the long side.
The number of films 3-2g is not limited to one as long as it is an odd number.

The second electrode portion includes the first bus bars 2-1 and 2
-1 to the second busbars 2 extending from one end side of the both-ends auxiliary EC films 3-2e and the other end side of 3-2f 2-
2a, 2-2b. The auxiliary electrodes are formed by auxiliary bus bars 4d and 4e extending up to two adjacent pairs of them at both ends of the auxiliary film portions arranged in parallel. As the power source, for example, 20 as in the case of FIG.
An AC power source of 0 V is applied to the main electrodes (main busbars) 2 and 2. Even in the case of the glass with a conductive film having an operation hole of this example, FIG.
The effect similar to that of is obtained.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, the main EC film 3-1 is an elongated rectangle, and the first bus bar 2-1 is provided on the short side of the main EC film 3-1. The length between them and the length between the second bus bars 2-2 are set. In order to make the same, the example in which a plurality of auxiliary EC films 3-2 are provided and the auxiliary bus bar 4 for connecting the middle is provided is shown.
However, there are various sizes and shapes of glass with operation holes used in environmental testing devices, etc., for which various EC films for making the length between the first busbar and the second busbar the same. And the electrode arrangement can be adopted.
2 and 3, an example in which the first bus bar and the second bus bar are continuous is shown, but they may be connected by a lead wire or the like. Such various examples are shown in FIG.

In FIGS. 4A and 4B, the auxiliary film 3-2 is one, and the pair of first bus bars 2-1 and 2-1 are the pair of second bus bars 2-2 and 2-2, respectively. And the inter-electrode lengths S and S ₁ are the same. (C)-
In (e), the auxiliary film 3-2 is composed of two divided auxiliary film portions, each of which is connected by an auxiliary bus bar 4a,
The second bus bars 2-2, 2-
2 is connected. In this case, S = S ₁ + S ₂ . (F) to (h) and (i) to (k) show the cases where the number of auxiliary films is 3 and 4, respectively. In these cases too,
Since the configuration is the same as the case of two sheets, the description is omitted.

Even when the inside temperature of the glass with the conductive film directly hits the glass and the glass temperature becomes non-uniform,
The temperature distribution can be made uniform by dividing the conductive film and changing the distance between the electrodes.

When the length between the main electrodes and the length between the second electrodes are different from each other, the main electrodes and the second electrodes are divided without connecting and the supply voltages are made different from each other. As a result, a uniform temperature distribution can be obtained. Furthermore,
It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the second electrode portion is provided with an organic or inorganic conductive heating wire. Further, when the present invention is applied, the temperature distribution can be adjusted by changing the film thickness of the conductive film in the portion where the current density is high.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, in the invention of claim 1, between the pair of main electrodes, a pair of auxiliary electrodes are provided in the vicinity of the operation hole, and these are provided in the peripheral portion of the operation hole. By connecting the electric resistor, a current can be passed from the main electrode to the electric resistor through the auxiliary electrode even in the operation hole portion. As a result, an increase in the current density passing through the cross section of the operation hole position is suppressed, and the periphery of the operation hole is heated by the electric resistance body, improving the overall temperature balance in the operation hole portion, causing thermal cracking and Dew condensation due to low temperature is prevented. According to such a configuration, since it is not necessary to connect a power source to the auxiliary electrode, the conductive film can be adopted even for glass having an operation hole with a simple configuration. Then, in an operation type environmental test device or the like which is used at a low temperature of about -20 ° C or less, it is possible to prevent dew condensation on the glass door and improve the operability.

According to the second or third aspect of the present invention, when there is a dropout portion such as an operation hole or a notch on one end side of the glass body,
A conductive film is separately formed as a main film part and an auxiliary film part by the part without the dropout part and the remaining part between the dropout parts and at both ends, and the auxiliary film part is further divided, and these films are paired. Since the first electrode portion and the second electrode portion of the main electrode are separately conducted, and in the auxiliary film portion, the same conduction length as between the main electrodes is obtained through the auxiliary electrode,
It is possible to make the current and heat generation density uniform and raise the temperature of the glass body almost uniformly. As a result, it is possible to provide a glass with a conductive film in which an operation hole is prevented from being generated by thermal cracking or dew condensation by simply extending the film, extending the electrode, and adding an auxiliary electrode.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A and 1B are explanatory views of an example of a glass with a conductive film having an operation hole according to the present invention, showing a plan view and a cross-sectional shape, respectively.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of another example of the glass with a conductive film having operation holes according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of still another example of the glass with a conductive film having a cutout portion or an operation hole of the present invention.

4 (a) to (k) show various types of E in the present invention.
An example of C film and electrode arrangement is shown.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of electricity flow in the case of a conventional glass with a conductive film having operation holes, in which electrodes are provided at upper and lower sides in a normal arrangement.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of electricity flow when electrodes are provided on both sides of a conventional glass with a conductive film having operation holes.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Glass Body 1-1 Upper Part 2 Main Bus Bar (Main Electrode) 2-1 First Bus Bar (First Electrode Part) 2-2, 2-2a, 2-2b Second Bus Bar (Second Electrode Part) 3 EC Film (Conductive film) 3-1 Main EC film (main film portion) 3-2a, 3-2b, 3-2c Both ends and intermediate EC
Membrane (auxiliary membrane part) 3-2e, 3-2f, 3-2g Both ends and intermediate EC
Membrane (auxiliary film portion) 4 Auxiliary busbar (auxiliary electrode) 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e Auxiliary busbar (auxiliary electrode) 5, 5'Code heater (electrical resistor) 11 Operation hole (through hole) 11 'Notch (Drop-off part) 11 "Operation hole (Drop-off part)

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Sadao Ueno 3-5-6 Tenjinbashi, Kita-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Tabai Espec Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A glass main body having a through hole, a pair of main electrodes extending at both ends of the glass main body, and a substantially entire surface provided between the main electrodes except the through hole. A uniform conductive film, a pair of auxiliary electrodes provided substantially parallel to the pair of main electrodes and near both sides of the through hole, and provided in a peripheral portion of the through hole connected to the auxiliary electrode. A glass with a conductive film having a through hole, comprising: an electric resistor. 2. A glass main body having a part consisting of a dropout part and a remaining part on one end side and a substantially rectangular part continuous to this part on the other end side, an electrode, and a uniform conductive film, The conductive film includes a main film portion provided on the rectangular portion and an auxiliary film portion provided on the remaining portion, and the electrode includes a pair of first electrode portions provided on opposite sides of the rectangular portion and the first electrode portion. A pair of second electrode portions respectively connected to one electrode portion and provided at both ends of the auxiliary film portion, and the first interelectrode length of the main film portion and the second interelectrode length of the auxiliary film portion. The glass with a conductive film having a dropout is characterized in that 3. The auxiliary film portion is composed of a plurality of divided auxiliary film portions divided into at least two, and the divided auxiliary film portions are connected to each other by auxiliary electrodes, and both end portions of the connection body are connected. The glass with a conductive film having a dropout portion according to claim 2, wherein the second electrode portion is connected to.