JPH0961057A - Crop drying and processing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable both advantages of hot air drying and dehumidifying drying to be provided and concurrently their disadvantages to be accommodated from each other, improve a drying efficiency and quality and at the same time minimize a running cost. SOLUTION: A blower 30 is directly driven by an engine 20 and air heated to cause its temperature to be increased by radiation heat of the engine 20 is supplied by the blower 30 to a storing tank. A part of the heated air of which temperature is increased is sent to the blower 30 through a dehumidifier 40. A power generator 60 is driven by the engine 20.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grain drying treatment apparatus in which drying air is supplied by a blower to a storage tank in which grains are stored.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Grains, particularly rice and wheat, are required to be dried and dried to a predetermined moisture content after harvesting, and then stored and stored in order to maintain quality such as taste and suppress deterioration. A treatment facility has been proposed and used. In order to dry the grain to a predetermined moisture content, so-called draft drying is generally used, in which the grain is put into a storage tank called a bottle and the drying air is blown from the bottom side of the storage tank.

For ventilation drying, hot air that is heated and heated by a burner or the like is supplied as drying air to a storage tank by a blower, and dehumidifier equipped with a cooling unit such as a compressor is used to dry the air to a predetermined humidity. And dehumidifying and drying, in which the temperature of the air is adjusted and the dehumidified air obtained through the dehumidifier is supplied to a storage tank by a blower as drying air is widely used. As an air blower, an electric motor drive type is generally used, but a blower driven directly by an engine (an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine that uses light oil as fuel) or a generator may be used. Has been.

[0004]

Generally, hot air drying is
Although the equipment cost can be relatively low, there is a risk of fire and incomplete combustion, so night monitoring is required and
There is also a risk of generation of offensive odors and deterioration of quality due to hot air, and running costs such as fuel and labor costs are high. If an electric heater is used instead of the burner, a fire,
Although the risk of incomplete combustion and offensive odors is reduced,
The electricity cost is high, and running costs are extremely high when combined with the electricity cost of the blower (motor drive type).

On the other hand, the dehumidifying and drying are basically at room temperature (generally, the temperature range under the environment in which the paddy is grown is considered to be about 3).
Since it dries slowly with a wind of 5 degrees C or less), there is no risk of fire or incomplete combustion, and it is possible to eliminate the need for nighttime monitoring, etc. , Since the cooling part of the dehumidifier freezes at low temperature, it is often necessary to suspend the operation to melt the frozen part, and at low temperature the dehumidification amount decreases and the dehumidification efficiency decreases,
Cooled low-temperature wind makes it difficult for the paddy water to come out, so the drying time will be longer and the processing capacity of the drying facility will decrease.If the air is supplementarily heated by the burner, similar to the hot air drying described above, a fire and incompleteness will occur. Problems such as burning and offensive odors may occur.

When the outside air temperature is low, the dehumidifier is excluded (not operated), and the air is heated to 35 ° C. by a heater or the like.
There is also the idea that it may be heated in the following range and used as drying air, but in this case,
There is a problem that the absolute humidity of the drying air cannot be lowered. That is, considering the drying efficiency and quality, it is required to reduce the humidity without increasing the air temperature as much as possible, and for that purpose, it is necessary to dehumidify.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to have the advantages of hot air drying and dehumidification drying while simultaneously compensating for their disadvantages. Another object of the present invention is to provide a grain drying treatment apparatus capable of improving drying efficiency and quality and reducing running costs as much as possible.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the grain drying processing apparatus according to the present invention basically supplies a drying air to a storage tank in which grains are stored by a blower. The characteristic feature is that the blower is directly driven by an engine, and the air heated and raised by the radiant heat of the engine is supplied to the storage tank as drying air. Especially.

In a preferred embodiment, a part of the air heated and heated by the radiant heat of the engine is guided to a dehumidifier, cooled and dehumidified there, and then supplied to the storage tank by the blower, and around the engine. While enclosing the soundproof cabinet, the air heated and heated by the radiant heat of the engine in the soundproof cabinet is introduced to the blower through a duct, and a part of the heated and heated air outside the soundproof cabinet is It is possible to introduce to a dehumidifier, cool and dehumidify there, and then guide to the blower.

Further, the engine drives not only the blower but also the generator, and in this case, the electric power generated by the generator is used as a power source for the cooling unit in the dehumidifier, etc. It is also preferable that power is transmitted to the blower via clutch means, and that part of the air heated by the radiant heat of the engine to be heated and guided to the blower can be discharged to the outside. Can be mentioned.

In the preferred embodiment of the grain drying apparatus according to the present invention having such a structure, since the blower is directly driven by the engine through the clutch means, compared to the case where the blower is of a motor drive type. As a result, the power receiving capacity (power consumption) of the entire device is significantly reduced, and the running cost is significantly reduced by using inexpensive fuel such as tax-free diesel oil. Further, since the radiant heat (exhaust heat) of the engine is effectively used to heat and raise the temperature of the drying air sucked into the blower, the relative humidity is lowered and the suction air condition for the dehumidifier is improved.

Then, after a part of the air heated and heated by the radiant heat of the engine is cooled and dehumidified in the dehumidifier,
Since it is guided to the blower and supplied to the storage tank, the drying efficiency is dramatically improved, and the processing capacity of the drying facility can be increased. In this case, instead of using a burner or electric heater, the exhaust heat of the engine that drives the blower is used to heat and heat the air, so the heating and heating cost of the air (fuel cost and electricity cost) is not included. No need for fire, incomplete combustion,
Problems such as offensive odor are unlikely to occur.

Further, by installing the dehumidifier near the engine (in the same room), it is possible to avoid freezing of the cooling portion of the dehumidifier because the ambient air is heated and raised even when the temperature is low due to the exhaust heat of the engine. The operation rate can be improved without the troublesome work of suspending the operation and melting the frozen part. On the other hand, the surplus horsepower of the engine (remaining horsepower obtained by subtracting the horsepower required for rated operation from the horsepower required for starting the blower) is used to drive the generator, and the electric power of this generator is stored in the storage tank. The electricity bill can be saved by distributing it to each part of the facility such as the installed stirring device. Especially, if the electric power is used as a power source for the cooling unit of the dehumidifier, the running cost of the device can be further improved. Can be reduced.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 schematically shows a drying facility to which an embodiment of a grain drying apparatus according to the present invention is applied. In this drying facility K, the rectangular storage tanks 1, 1, 1,-, which are arranged side by side, are charged from the grain supply equipment 1 including a rough sorter, a weighing machine, a temporary receiving tank, and a charging machine. Grain is selectively introduced through the conveyor 4 and the shutter 5. In each of the storage tanks 1, 1, 1,-, a stirring device 7 having two stirring tools (augers) 7a, 7a that can be moved in two orthogonal directions to stir the input grain in the vertical direction is installed. Has been done.

The bottom wall of each of the storage tanks 1, 1, 1, --- is made of a fine mesh member, and the air is provided below the bottom wall portion so as to traverse the storage tanks 1,1,1,-. A duct 8 is provided. This air duct 8 and each storage tank 1, 1,
An air damper is provided for each of the storage tanks 1, 1, 1, --- between the bottom wall of the air blower 30, and the bottom wall portion of the air blower 1. The drying air supplied through 8 is stored in each storage tank 1,
It is designed to be blown selectively into the 1, 1, --- from the bottom side.

In each of the storage tanks 1, 1, 1,-, after the drying air is blown for a required period of time and the moisture content of the stored grain reaches a predetermined value, the stored grain is appropriately discharged from the storage tank 1 to the discharge conveyor 6. Is discharged to the outside through. Here, as shown in detail in FIG. 2, the grain drying apparatus 10 of the present embodiment for supplying the drying air to each of the storage tanks 1, 1, 1, --- is substantially the same except for the air intake Ra. The air blower 30 is installed in the drying machine room R that is hermetically sealed.

The blower 30 is a diesel engine 2
0, the centrifugal clutch 14, the gear box 15, the first output shaft 15a thereof, the multi-plate electromagnetic clutch 16 mounted on the first output shaft 15a, and the belt type power transmission mechanism 18 are driven. ing. The centrifugal clutch 1
No. 4 is in a disconnected state until the engine 20 reaches the rated speed and is in a connected state at the rated speed, and the multi-disc electromagnetic clutch 16 is operated by operating a switch on the control panel. It is adapted to selectively take a disconnection state and a connection state.

The power of the engine 20 is transmitted to the generator 60 via the gear box 15, the second output shaft 15b thereof and the belt type power transmission mechanism 21, which drives the generator 60. The electric power obtained from the generator 60 is supplied to necessary places of the facility K such as the agitator 7 and used as a power source for a cooling unit (compressor) of the dehumidifier 40 described later. The generator 60 is selectively placed in a power generation state or a non-power generation state by operating a switch on the control panel, and the engine 20 is substantially unloaded in the non-power generation state.

On the other hand, in the engine 20, a body 20a, an exhaust pipe 22 in which a muffler 23 is interposed, a radiator 24, etc. are surrounded by a soundproof cabinet 25, and the engine 20 in the soundproof cabinet 25 is surrounded by the soundproof cabinet 25. The air heated by the radiant heat and heated is the duct 32.
Through the air blower 30, and a part of the heated and heated air around the soundproof cabinet 25 (in the drying machine room R) is guided to the dehumidifier 40 installed above the engine 20. It has become. And
The air from the dehumidifier 40 merges with the heated and heated air in the soundproof cabinet 25 from the duct 32 through the duct 36 and is sucked into the blower 30.

The dehumidifier 40 has a cooling section 42 formed of a compressor or the like inside, and an air inlet 43 at the lower part thereof.
Is provided, and an air intake shutter 44 that is opened and closed is provided on the upper part of the. In the dehumidifier 40, the larger the opening (effective opening area) of the shutter 44, the smaller the amount of air sucked into the air inlet 43, and the smaller the amount of air dehumidified by cooling in the cooling section 42. Therefore, the dehumidification efficiency of the dehumidifier 40 is enhanced by adjusting the opening degree of the shutter 44.

The duct 32 for guiding the heated and heated air in the soundproof cabinet 25 to the blower 30 is provided with a damper 35, and an exhaust duct extending outside the drying machine room R through the damper 35. 34 is connected, and the air flowing through the duct 32 adjusts the damper 35 between the solid line position (fully open) and the imaginary line position (fully closed) in the figure, so that the relatively high temperature air sent to the blower 30. The amount can be adjusted.

In the grain drying processing apparatus 10 of the present embodiment having such a configuration, at the normal time, as shown schematically in FIG. 3, the blower 30 is directly driven by the engine 20 and the generator 30 60 is also driven, and the air heated and heated in the soundproof cabinet 25 by the radiant heat of the engine 20 is guided to the blower 30 through the duct 32, and the periphery of the soundproof cabinet 25 (in the drying machine room R) is heated. Part of the heated air is dehumidifier 40
Air that has been sucked in through the air inlet 43 and cooled and dehumidified in the cooling unit 42 and the air that has been sucked in through the shutter 44 and does not pass through the cooling unit 42 are joined together, and The air from the duct 32 is merged and sucked into the blower 30, and is distributed and supplied from the blower 30 to the respective storage tanks 1, 1, 1, -through the duct 8 as described above.

In this case, for example, if the temperature and humidity of the outside air are about 10 degrees C. and 90 percent, respectively, the air temperature in the soundproof cabinet 25 is raised by about 5 degrees and the humidity becomes 70 percent, and the blower is blown. Three
The temperature and humidity of the air supplied from 0 to each of the storage tanks 1, 1, 1, -are about 18 degrees C. and 50%, respectively.

Under such a configuration, since the blower 30 is directly driven by the engine 20 via the multi-plate electromagnetic clutch 16, the power receiving capacity (consumption of the entire device is reduced as compared with the case where the blower 30 is driven by a motor. (Electricity) is greatly reduced, and running costs are greatly reduced by using cheap fuel such as tax-free gas oil. Further, since the radiant heat (exhaust heat) of the engine 20 is effectively used to heat and raise the temperature of the drying air sucked into the blower 30, the relative humidity is lowered and the suction air condition for the dehumidifier 40 is improved. .

Then, a part of the air heated and heated by the radiant heat of the engine 20 is cooled and dehumidified in the dehumidifier 40, and then introduced into the blower 30 so that each of the storage tanks 1, 1, 1 ,.
Since it is supplied to, the drying efficiency can be dramatically improved and the processing capacity of the drying facility can be increased. In this case, instead of using a burner or electric heater, the exhaust heat of the engine that drives the blower is used to heat and heat the air, so the heating and heating cost of the air (fuel cost and electricity cost) is not included. It is not necessary, and problems such as fire, incomplete combustion, and odor are unlikely to occur.

Further, since the dehumidifier 40 is installed near the engine 20 (in the same room), the ambient air is heated and raised by the exhaust heat of the engine even at a low temperature.
It is possible to avoid freezing of the cooling unit 42, and to avoid the troublesome work such as interrupting the operation to melt the freezing unit and improve the operation rate. On the other hand, the surplus horsepower of the engine 20 is used to drive the generator 60, and the electric power of the generator 60 is distributed to each part of the facility such as the stirring device 7 installed in the storage tank 1 to save the electricity bill. In particular, the power can be supplied to the dehumidifier 40.
If it is used as a power source for the cooling unit 42 of
The running cost of the device can be further reduced. Since the compressor provided in the cooling unit 42 of the dehumidifier 40 is directly connected to the motor, the capacity is reduced by about 20% in the 50 Hz area with the normal power source, but in this example, the electric power obtained from the engine-driven generator 60 is used. Since it is used as a power source, it can be used at 60 Hz, and performance reduction can be avoided. Also, especially in cold regions, the generator 60
Power may be used to heat the air.

When the outside air temperature is too high, the damper 35 provided in the duct 32 is closed (phantom line).
In that case, the defect due to the high temperature does not occur. If cooling and dehumidification are not necessary, the dehumidifier 4 from the generator 60 is used.
It is sufficient to cut off the power supply to 0. Further, at night or on a rainy day, the humidity is high, and the drying speed is reduced only by the dehumidifier 40, but since exhaust heat is used to heat and heat the air, even if the relative humidity is 100%, it is 80% or less. Since this is cooled and dehumidified by the dehumidifier 40, the drying speed is remarkably improved.

Further, by appropriately incorporating a heating means, a thermometer, a hygrometer, etc., it is possible to control so as to obtain optimum drying conditions.

[0029]

As can be understood from the above description, according to the grain drying processing apparatus of the present invention, the blower is directly driven by the engine through the clutch means. In comparison, the power consumption of the entire device is significantly reduced, and running costs can be significantly reduced by using cheap fuel such as tax-free diesel oil. Also,
The radiant heat of the engine is effectively used to heat and raise the temperature of the drying air that is sucked into the blower, which reduces the relative humidity and improves the intake air conditions for the dehumidifier. Since a part of the generated air is cooled and dehumidified in the dehumidifier, the drying efficiency is dramatically improved, and the processing capacity of the drying facility can be increased. In this case, instead of using a burner or electric heater, the exhaust heat of the engine that drives the blower is used to heat and heat the air, so the heating and heating cost of the air (fuel cost and electricity bill)
Is not required separately, and problems such as fire, incomplete combustion, and odor can be less likely to occur.

Further, by installing the dehumidifier near the engine (in the same room), it is possible to avoid freezing of the cooling section of the dehumidifier because the ambient air is heated and raised even when the temperature is low due to the exhaust heat of the engine. The operation rate can be improved without the troublesome work of suspending the operation and melting the frozen part. On the other hand, the surplus horsepower of the engine is used to drive the generator, and the electric power of the generator can be distributed to each part of the facility such as the agitator installed in the storage tank to save the electricity bill. If the electric power is used as the power source for the cooling unit of the dehumidifier, the running cost of the device can be further reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a drying facility to which an embodiment of a grain drying processing apparatus according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of a grain drying processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram used for explaining the operation of the embodiment of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Grain Drying Processing Device 16 Multi-Plate Electromagnetic Clutch 20 Engine 25 Soundproof Cabinet 30 Blower 32 Duct 35 Damper 40 Dehumidifier 42 Cooling Unit 60 Generator R Drying Machine Room

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A grain drying apparatus for supplying drying air to a storage tank in which grains are stored by a blower, wherein the blower is directly driven by an engine, and the temperature of the air is raised by radiant heat of the engine. Is supplied to the storage tank as drying air. 2. A part of the air heated and heated by the radiant heat of the engine is guided to a dehumidifier, cooled and dehumidified there, and then supplied to the storage tank by the blower. Grain drying equipment. 3. The engine is surrounded by a soundproof cabinet, and the air heated and heated by the radiant heat of the engine in the soundproof cabinet is introduced into the blower through a duct and heated outside the soundproof cabinet. The grain drying treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a part of the heated air is guided to the dehumidifier, cooled and dehumidified there, and then guided to the blower. 4. The engine is adapted to drive not only the blower but also a generator.
The grain drying processing device according to any one of 1. 5. The electric power generated by the generator is used as a power source for a cooling unit in the dehumidifier.
The described grain drying treatment device. 6. The grain drying processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power of the engine is transmitted to the blower via clutch means. 7. The grain drying process according to claim 1, wherein a part of the air heated by the radiant heat of the engine to be heated and guided to the blower can be discharged to the outside. apparatus.