JPH09327510A - Monitoring device for dialysis having washing means - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the deposition of salt or the fixture of piston type pump by connecting the respective flow-in/flow-out pipes of dialytic liquid and washing liquid to the piston type pump, branching the washing liquid flow-in pipe from the dialytic liquid flow-in pipe and connecting it to the washing liquid flow-out pipe via a bypass line having a circulation pump and a solenoid valve. SOLUTION: A dialytic liquid flow-in conduit 2 and a dialytic liquid flow-out conduit 4 are linked to a water removal pump 1 composed of the piston type quantitative pump. Besides, a washing liquid flow-in conduit 5 is branched from the dialytic liquid flow-in conduit 2 and linked to the water removal pump 1. A washing liquid flow-out conductor 6 is derived from the water removal pump 1 and linked to a liquid discharge part 3. The washing liquid flow-in conduit 5 and the washing liquid flow-out conduit 6 are linked through a bypass line 7. A circulation pump 8 is integrated into the bypass line 7, and a 4th solenoid valve 19 is interposed at the connection part with the washing liquid flow-out conduit 6. Thus, two ports exist at the water removal pump 1, the washing liquid can be let flow at the same time while letting the dialytic liquid flow during dialysis, and the deposition of salt and the fixture of piston can be prevented.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dialysis monitor (console) used for artificial dialysis, and more particularly to a console having a cleaning means effective during dialysis and during non-dialysis.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Artificial dialysis involves mass transfer and water removal between a patient's blood and a dialysate through a dialysis membrane. The dialysis machine allows blood to flow out of the patient's blood vessel, flows through the inside of the dialysis membrane to return to the patient's blood vessel, and dialysis fluid from the dialysate supply source, and through the outside of the dialysis membrane. It is composed of a dialysate-side circuit which is discharged after substance exchange with blood). In dialysis, a certain negative pressure is applied to the dialysate side circuit to make it easier to remove waste products and water in the blood side circuit.However, in order to generate such negative pressure, the dialysate side circuit is dewatered. A pump is provided. A piston type metering pump as shown in FIG. 5 is often used for this water removing pump, and such a pump is compact and can realize accurate and necessary negative pressure. However, the use of this type of pump in the dialysate side circuit causes the following problems. That is, since the dialysate contains various salts, when the dialysate comes into contact with air, or when the piston and the inner wall are rubbed in that state, the salt in the dialysate is extremely likely to precipitate. Become. When salt deposits in the liquid delivery pump, it often causes sticking between the piston and the inner wall surface of the pump.

In a personal dialysis device, a dialysate stock solution supply line and a water supply line for diluting the dialysate stock solution are individually provided in order to prepare a dialysate solution having an appropriate concentration by mixing the dialysate stock solution and water. It was possible to wash the water removal pump during dialysis using this water line. That is, the water removal pump of the personal dialysis machine is provided with a cleaning port different from the dialysis port for sending dialysate, and a water supply line is connected to this port for cleaning. Water is introduced from the cleaning port (inflow side) and the cleaning waste liquid is discharged from the cleaning port (outflow side) for use.
Therefore, it is usually washed after dialysis is completed, but this device can wash the precipitated salt even during dialysis, and it is possible to circulate water in the pump to prevent sticking in the pump. Is. As described above, in the personal dialysis device, it is possible to prevent the precipitation of salt and the resulting sticking in the pump.

However, since there are not many occasions for using a personal dialysis machine for a general patient, a dialysis monitor for dialysis (of a type which normally supplies a dialysate adjusted to a predetermined concentration by a central supply unit) ( Hereinafter, abbreviated as console) is used. Especially in routine dialysis, which is performed routinely in a hospital, many patients have to be treated within a limited time, so this apparatus is used most of the time.
However, unlike a personal dialysis machine, the console has only one delivery line for supplying dialysate, so even if you want to wash the inside of the dehydration pump during dialysis, the dialysate does not exist in the delivery line. Is flowing and cannot be washed. When the dialysate was caused to flow through the washing port for washing, on the contrary, there was a risk that salt precipitation would occur in a wide range within the pump and sticking would be amplified. Therefore, it is useless to provide the dewatering pump with a washing port in the console, and the dewatering pump of the console provided with a washing port is not used. Current,
In dialysis using a console, the salt precipitation on the water removal pump during dialysis is left as it is, and after the dialysis is completed, the dialysate in the central supply unit is replaced with a cleaning solution, and then the solution is sent to wash the entire solution sending line. There was no way. But,
The washing performed after completion of this dialysis had little effect, and it was very difficult to wash off the salt once fixed. A further problem is that it is not possible to prevent the precipitation of salts during dialysis, and it is not possible to prevent the sticking that occurs in the pump. On the other hand, it was not easy to provide a line dedicated to the cleaning solution on the console, and there was a problem that the cost was high.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, the object of the present invention is to prevent the precipitation of salt in the piston type metering pump used for water removal and the sticking between the piston and the inner wall of the pump in the console. It is to provide a simple and effective cleaning system, and also to provide a console equipped with this cleaning system. Furthermore, in order to prevent the precipitation of salt in the piston type metering pump of the console and the sticking of the pump due to it, a method of cleaning the dewatering pump that is possible both during dialysis and during cleaning is provided. It is to be.

[0006]

As a first aspect of the present invention, a dialysate inlet formed on a side portion of a cylinder tip side and a dialysate formed on a tip side portion opposite to a dialysate inlet. An outlet, a cleaning liquid inlet formed on the side of the base end side of the cylinder, and a cleaning liquid outlet formed on the side of the base end opposite to the cleaning liquid inlet are formed, and the piston rotates in the cylinder. While reciprocating in the axial direction, a piston type metering pump that injects and discharges the fluid into and out of the cylinder, a dialysate inflow conduit, a dialysate outflow conduit that connects the dialysate outlet and the drain, and a dialysate. A cleaning liquid inflow conduit branching from the inflow conduit and communicating with the cleaning liquid inflow port, a cleaning liquid outflow conduit connecting the cleaning liquid outflow port and the drainage part, and a bypass line directly connecting the cleaning liquid inflow conduit and the cleaning liquid outflow conduit,
It consists of a circulation pump built into the bypass line,
A first connecting portion between the bypass line and the cleaning liquid inflow conduit
It is a console characterized in that a solenoid valve is mounted in the vicinity of each of the connecting portion and the second connecting portion which is a connecting portion between the bypass line and the cleaning liquid outflow conduit.

Secondly, by the above-mentioned console, by switching the solenoid valve during dialysis, circulation circulating from the first connecting portion to the first connecting portion through the piston type metering pump, the second connecting portion and the bypass line. A line is formed, the liquid is circulated by the circulation pump, and at the time of cleaning, by switching the solenoid valve, a drainage pump cleaning method in which the liquid is sent from the dialysate inflow conduit to the drainage part through a piston type metering pump. is there. The "piston type metering pump" used in the claims is abbreviated as a water removal pump except when mechanically necessary.

Next, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the working mechanism of the constitution of the present invention will be briefly described. First, the water removal pump of the present invention is provided with a dialysis port and a washing port, each of which comprises an inlet and an outlet. The dialysis port is for flowing the dialysate into the water removal pump, and the washing port is for flowing the washing liquid into the water removal pump. Since these two ports are present in the dewatering pump, it is possible to flow the washing liquid at the same time while flowing the dialysate during dialysis. In addition, a washing liquid inflow conduit branched from the dialysate inflow conduit connected to the liquid sending line of the console is connected to the washing port, and a route for sending the liquid from the washing liquid inflow conduit to the washing liquid outflow conduit is via a water removal pump. There are two types, one that goes through the bypass line without going through the dewatering pump. Further, solenoid valves are provided in the vicinity of the connecting portions that connect the two conduits and the bypass line, respectively. Before dialysis, these solenoid valves are open, so that when the washing liquid flows through the liquid feed line of the console, it flows into the water removal pump through the dialysate inflow conduit and flows out from the dialysate outflow conduit. Further, not only that, the washing liquid is sent to the pump washing line passing through the water removal pump and the bypass line via the washing liquid inflow conduit branched from the dialysate inflow conduit. With the cleaning liquid stored in the bypass line, the solenoid valve is switched during dialysis to shut off the upstream side of the first connecting part and the downstream side of the second connecting part to form a line circulating the bypass line and the pump cleaning line. . Then, the washing liquid can be circulated in the circulation line by the circulation pump even during dialysis, and the water removal pump can be effectively washed.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A piston type metering pump, which is one of the constituent features of the present invention, is as shown in FIG. 5, and has a dialysis port on the side of the tip side (the side where the cylinder is closed). However, cleaning ports are provided on the side portions on the base end side. The dialysis port is a port for inflowing / outflowing the dialysate, and includes a dialysate inlet and a dialysate outlet.
The wash port is a port for inflowing and outflowing the wash solution, and is composed of a wash solution inflow port and a wash solution outflow port, like the dialysis port.

The dialysate inflow conduit is connected on the upstream side to a liquid delivery line in the console (dialysate side circuit located on the downstream side of the hemodialyzer), and the downstream side is connected to the dialysate inlet of the dialysis port. . The dialysate outflow conduit is connected upstream to the dialysate outlet of the dialysis port and downstream to the drain.
The upstream side of the washing solution inflow conduit is connected to the middle portion of the dialysate inflow conduit as described above, and is connected to the cleaning solution inflow port of the washing port on the downstream side. The cleaning liquid outflow conduit is connected on the upstream side to the cleaning liquid outlet of the cleaning port and on the downstream side to the drainage unit. Alternatively, to shorten the cleaning liquid outflow conduit,
The downstream side of the washing solution outflow conduit may be connected to the middle portion of the dialysate outflow conduit to also serve as the drainage part.

The cleaning liquid inflow conduit and the cleaning liquid outflow conduit are connected to each other through two paths, one that passes through the cleaning port (pump cleaning line) and the other that passes through the bypass line (bypass line). Conduit and
The bypass line is connected by the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion. A circulation pump is incorporated in the bypass line to circulate the liquid in the line. The position where the circulation pump is incorporated is not particularly limited. As shown in FIG. 2, the flow direction of the circulation line by the circulation pump is usually the first connection portion-wash port-second connection portion-bypass line- (first connection portion), but in the opposite direction. You may circulate.

Further, solenoid valves are provided near the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, respectively. The solenoid valve provided at each connection may have only an ON / OFF function, or may be a three-way solenoid valve. In the case of a simple solenoid valve such as the former, at least two are required near each connecting portion, and one is required for a three-way solenoid valve. For example, if the solenoid valve is an ON / OFF solenoid valve, one is provided upstream of the first connecting portion, that is, in the washing liquid inflow conduit on the dialysate inflow conduit side (first electromagnetic valve), and the bypass line is connected from the first connecting portion. One on the side
One (second solenoid valve), one downstream from the second connection portion, that is, one in the cleaning liquid outflow conduit on the drain portion side (third solenoid valve), one on the bypass line side from the second connection portion (fourth electromagnetic valve). Valve). If it is a three-way solenoid valve, it may be arranged at each connecting portion. By closing a predetermined solenoid valve at the time of dialysis, the upstream side and the downstream side of the first and second connection parts are blocked to form the circulation line as described above, and at the time of washing, those solenoid valves are opened, Allow liquid to flow through both the pump wash line and the bypass line. Alternatively, the liquid may be alternately supplied so that it can pass through either the pump cleaning line or the bypass line for a predetermined time as needed.

[0013]

The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 shows a schematic flow of the console. First, the console is divided into a blood side circuit and a dialysate side circuit with the hemodialyzer 40 as a boundary. The blood side circuit is composed of a blood side inflow circuit 41 and a blood side outflow circuit 42. The dialysate side circuit comprises a dialysate side injection circuit 43 upstream of the hemodialyzer 40 and a dialysate side discharge circuit 44 downstream. The dialysate side injection circuit 43 is connected on the upstream side to a central supply device 45 for preparing the dialysate and supplying the dialysate to the console, and a first dialysate side pump 46 is incorporated in the circuit. . The dialysate-side discharge circuit 44 is branched on the downstream side, and one of them is connected to the water removal pump 1 via the dialysate inflow conduit 2. The water removal pump 1 communicates with the drainage unit 3 via a dialysate outflow conduit 4. In FIG. 4, the cleaning port and the conduits for the cleaning liquid inflow and outflow are omitted for clarity. (Refer to FIG. 1 for details of the cleaning system.) The other side of the dialysate-side discharge circuit 44 passes through the second dialysate-side pump 47 and the drain part 3 ′ as it is.
Have been contacted. In the present embodiment, the drainage units are separately provided as described above, but they can be combined into one.
Next, the cleaning system, which is the main configuration of the present invention, will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the cleaning system of the present invention mainly comprises a dewatering pump 1 and a dewatering pump 1 from a liquid delivery line of a console (specifically, a dialysate side discharge circuit 44 in FIG. 4). Dialysate inflow conduit 2 that allows dialysate to flow in, dialysate outflow conduit 4 that allows dialysate to flow out from drainage pump 1 to drainage part 3, and drainage pump 1 that branches from dialysate inflow conduit 2
A cleaning liquid inflow conduit 5 communicating with the cleaning liquid, a cleaning liquid outflow conduit 6 for discharging the cleaning liquid from the water removal pump 1 to the drainage part 3, a bypass line 7 directly connecting the cleaning liquid inflow conduit 5 and the cleaning liquid outflow conduit 6, and a bypass line. 7 and a circulation pump 8 incorporated in the device 7.

The water removing pump 1 reciprocates in the axial direction while the piston 20 rotates in the cylinder 9,
This is a piston type metering pump that allows liquid to flow in and out of the cylinder. A dialysate inlet 10 is formed on the side of the tip side of the cylinder 9, and the tip side opposite to the dialysate inlet 10 with respect to the shaft. A dialysate outlet 11 is formed on the side. A cleaning liquid inlet 12 is formed on the side of the base end of the cylinder 9, and a cleaning liquid outlet 13 is formed on the side of the base end opposite to the shaft. The connection between the dewatering pump 1 and each conduit is as shown in FIG. 1, the downstream end of the dialysate inflow conduit 2 is the dialysate inlet 10, and the upstream end of the dialysate outflow conduit 4 is the dialysate. It is connected to the outflow port 11, the downstream end of the cleaning liquid inflow conduit 5 is connected to the cleaning liquid inflow port 12, and the upstream end of the cleaning liquid outflow conduit 6 is connected to the cleaning liquid outflow port 13. The upstream end of the dialysate inflow conduit 2 is in communication with the liquid delivery line (dialysate side discharge circuit 44) of the console, and the downstream end of the dialysate outflow conduit 4 is in communication with the drain 3. The upstream end of the washing liquid inflow conduit 5 is connected to the dialysate inflow conduit 2, and the downstream end of the cleaning liquid outflow conduit 6 is connected to the dialysate outflow conduit 4.

The bypass line 7 and the cleaning liquid inflow conduit 5 are connected by a first connecting portion 14, and the bypass line 7 and the cleaning liquid outflow conduit 6 are connected by a second connecting portion 15. Near the first connection portion 14 and upstream thereof (dialysate inflow conduit 2
The first electromagnetic valve 16 is attached to the cleaning liquid inflow conduit 5 (on the side), and the second electromagnetic valve 17 is attached to the bypass line 7 side from the first connection portion 14. A third solenoid valve 18 is attached to the cleaning liquid outflow conduit 6 downstream of the second connection portion 15 (drainage portion 3 side), and a fourth solenoid valve 19 is provided on the bypass line 7 side of the second connection portion 15. Is installed. With this configuration, it is possible to feed the dialysate to the dialysis port and the wash liquid to the washing port by adjusting the respective solenoid valves.

Now, a method of operating the cleaning system will be described. Since the console has only one basic liquid feed line, it is not possible to connect the dialysate line and the wash liquid line to the dialysis port and the wash port of the water removal pump, respectively. Therefore, first, before dialysis, a cleaning liquid (water: hereinafter abbreviated as water) is put in the central supply unit, and water is allowed to flow through the water removal pump 1 through the dialysate inflow conduit 2. At this time, the first solenoid valve 16, the second solenoid valve 17, the third solenoid valve
The solenoid valve 18 and the fourth solenoid valve 19 are all open. Water flows from the dialysate inflow conduit 2 to the dialysis port (dialysate inflow port 1
0, the dialysate outlet 11) is supplied to the drainage portion 3, and separately from the dialysate inlet conduit 2, the washing liquid inlet conduit 5 is branched to a washing port (the washing liquid inlet 1).
2. The solution is delivered to the drainage unit 3 via the cleaning solution outlet 13). Further, from the cleaning liquid inflow conduit 5, the first connecting portion 14
The water also flows through the bypass line 7 which is branched via the, and is sent to the drainage unit 3 via the second connecting portion. Immediately before the start of dialysis, the first solenoid valve 16 and the third solenoid valve 18 are closed, and the second solenoid valve 17 and the fourth solenoid valve 19 are left open. Then, the washing liquid inflow conduit 5 is cut off from communication with the upstream dialysate inflow conduit 2, and the washing liquid outflow conduit 6 is cut off from communication with the downstream drainage part 3, so that the first connection part 14 to the washing port -Second connection part 15-Bypass line 7
A circulation line that circulates through the first connection portion 14 is formed.
Further, a sufficient amount of water for cleaning the water removal pump 1 is stored in the formed circulation line.

Next, during dialysis, the inside of the central supply unit 45 is replaced with a dialysate, and the dialysate is flown to the console. The dialysate flows through the dialysate inflow conduit 2 directly to the dialysis port, but does not flow to the wash port due to the shut off by the solenoid valve. Meanwhile, the washing port is recirculated (by the circulation pump) with the water accumulated in the circulation line and continues to be washed. As a matter of course, the inside of the pump 1 is partitioned so that the dialysate from the dialysis port and the water from the washing port are not mixed in the dewatering pump 1. After the dialysis is completed, the inside of the central supply device 45 is replaced with water again, and the water is supplied to the console. At this time, the first electromagnetic valve 16 and the third electromagnetic valve 18 that have been closed are opened, and water is caused to flow not only in the dialysis port but also in the washing port to wash a wide range of the water removal pump 1. By adopting the above configuration, not only cleaning after the completion of dialysis but also cleaning during dialysis can be enabled.

[0019]

According to the cleaning system of the present invention, the dewatering pump can be cleaned both by dialysis and cleaning by simple means. Therefore, the precipitation of salt in the water removal pump can be prevented, and the sticking between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder can be prevented. As a result, troubles such as stopping of the water removal pump due to sticking or torque load on the motor can be avoided. Moreover, since the cleaning system of the present invention does not require a dedicated line for cleaning liquid, it has a simple structure and can be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an outline of a cleaning system of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a cleaning system during dialysis.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a cleaning system during cleaning.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an outline of a console provided with the cleaning system of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a piston type metering pump (water removal pump) provided in the cleaning system of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1. Piston type metering pump (water removal pump) 2. Dialysate inflow conduit 3. Drainage part 4. Dialysate outflow conduit 5. Cleaning liquid inflow conduit 6. Cleaning liquid outflow conduit 7. Bypass line 8. Circulation pump 9. Cylinder 10. Dialysate inlet 11. Dialysate outlet 12. Cleaning liquid inlet 13. Cleaning liquid outlet 14. First connection portion 15. Second connection section 16. First solenoid valve 17. Second solenoid valve 18. Third solenoid valve 19. Fourth solenoid valve 20. Piston 40. Hemodialyzer 41. Blood side inflow circuit 42. Blood side outflow circuit 43. Dialysis side injection circuit 44. Dialysis side discharge circuit 45. Central feeding device 46. First dialysate side pump 47. Second dialysate side pump

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A dialysate inlet formed on the side of the tip of the cylinder, a dialysate outlet formed on the side of the tip opposite to the inlet of the dialysate, and a side of the base of the cylinder. The formed cleaning liquid inlet and the cleaning liquid outlet formed on the side of the base end side opposite to the cleaning liquid inlet are formed, and the piston reciprocates in the axial direction while the piston rotates to form a cylinder. Piston type metering pump for inflow and outflow of liquid inside and outside, dialysate inflow conduit, dialysate outflow conduit for connecting dialysate outflow port and drainage part, and branching from dialysate inflow conduit for communication with washing liquid inflow port A cleaning liquid inflow conduit, a cleaning liquid outflow conduit that connects the cleaning liquid outflow port and the drain, a bypass line that directly connects the cleaning liquid inflow conduit and the cleaning liquid outflow conduit, and a circulation pump incorporated in the bypass line, Ba For dialysis, characterized in that a solenoid valve is mounted in the vicinity of each of a first connection part which is a connection part between the Y-pass line and the cleaning solution inflow conduit and a second connection part which is a connection part between the bypass line and the cleaning solution outflow conduit. Monitoring equipment. 2. A first solenoid valve is provided in the washing solution inflow conduit on the dialysate inflow conduit side of the first connection part, and a second solenoid valve is provided in the bypass line side of the first connection part. The dialysis monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a third solenoid valve is provided in the washing solution outflow conduit on the drainage section side, and a fourth solenoid valve is provided on the bypass line side from the second connection section. 3. The dialysis monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is provided with a three-way electromagnetic valve. 4. The monitoring device for dialysis according to claim 1, wherein during dialysis, a solenoid valve is switched so that a first connection is made from the first connecting portion through the piston type metering pump, the second connecting portion, and the bypass line. A circulation line that recirculates to the pump part is formed, and the liquid is circulated by the circulation pump, and at the time of cleaning, by switching the solenoid valve, the water is sent from the dialysate inflow conduit to the drain part through the piston type metering pump. How to clean the pump. 5. A first solenoid valve is provided on the washing solution inflow conduit on the dialysate inflow conduit side of the first connection part, and a second solenoid valve is provided on the bypass line side of the first connection part. The cleaning method according to claim 4, wherein the dialysis monitoring device is provided with a third electromagnetic valve provided in the cleaning solution outflow conduit on the draining section side and a fourth electromagnetic valve provided on the bypass line side of the second connection section. 6. The cleaning method according to claim 4, wherein the cleaning is performed by the dialysis monitoring device in which the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are each provided with a three-way electromagnetic valve. 7. The cleaning method according to claim 4, wherein at the time of the cleaning, liquid is sent from a dialysate inflow conduit to a drainage part through a piston type metering pump and a bypass line.