JP2009056271A - Washing method of hemodialysis system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a washing method which enables the washing of a dialysate supply line and a dialysate evacuation line of a dialysis monitor when any one of a plurality of dialysis monitors finishes dialysis treatment. <P>SOLUTION: A washing method of a hemodialysis system which comprises a stock solution tank A, a stock solution tank B, RO equipment, multipatient dialysate delivery equipment, a plurality of dialysis monitors, an RO water line, a washing solution line, a dialysate line, upstream dialysate branch lines, downstream dialysate branch lines, and cross valves connected to the lines concerned, where one of the ports of each cross valve is connected to a washing solution line and another port is connected to an upstream dialysis branch line; a flow passage is chosen by the cross valve when any one of the monitors finishes dialysis treatment, and RO water flowing through the chosen passage washes the dialysate supply line and the dialysate evacuation line of the dialysis monitor which has finished dialysis treatment. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a method for washing a hemodialysis system to which a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices are connected, and in particular, when dialysis treatment by any one of the plurality of dialysis monitoring devices ends. The present invention relates to a method for cleaning a hemodialysis system capable of cleaning a dialysate supply line and a dialysate drainage line included in a dialysis monitoring apparatus that has completed dialysis treatment even when dialysis therapy by the dialysis monitoring apparatus is in progress.
The present invention also relates to a method for washing a hemodialysis system to which a plurality of personal dialysis devices are connected, and particularly when dialysis treatment by any one of the plurality of personal dialysis devices is completed. The present invention relates to a method for cleaning a hemodialysis system capable of cleaning a dialysate supply line and a dialysate drainage line provided in a personal dialyzer for which dialysis treatment has been completed even when dialysis treatment by another personal dialyzer is in progress. .

The dialysis monitoring device (console) is a multi-dialysis dialysis device that creates a dialysis fluid for multiple units by mixing A stock solution, which is a stock solution of dialysate, B stock solution, and RO water, which is a dilution water, at a predetermined ratio. This device receives dialysis fluid from a fluid supply device, sends blood from a patient to a dialyzer with a blood pump, contacts the dialysis fluid through a semipermeable membrane, and purifies the blood.
In addition, the monitoring device for dialysis is a device that mainly receives dialysis fluid from a dialysis fluid supply device for a large number of people and performs dialysis treatment as described above, but additionally uses blood filtration (ECUM) and a replacement fluid pump. By doing so, hemofiltration dialysis is possible, and furthermore, online HDF is possible by attaching an endotoxin cut filter.

  On the other hand, a personal dialyzer is a device having a dialysate preparation function and the like in addition to the function of the above-described dialyzer monitoring device. Although the use method varies depending on each facility, the advantage of personal dialysis equipment is that dialysis suitable for patients and dialysis in hospital rooms, ICUs, operating rooms, etc. are possible. Often used for patients who cannot move to the room.

In hemodialysis devices such as dialysis monitoring devices and personal dialysis devices, it is usual to perform dialysis treatment at a rate of 1 to 3 times a week depending on the degree of disease of the patient. Because of the high degree of control required, it is common for multiple patients to be in an environment where a single device is used alternately.
Moreover, regarding the hemodialysis apparatus after the dialysis treatment is completed, particularly the soil generated in the dialysate supply line and the dialysate drainage line provided in the hemodialysis apparatus, organic substances such as proteins and lipids and calcium carbonate are representative. Although inorganic substances are the main stains, they include drug components administered to patients and substances other than living organisms, and are not simple attachment forms. For example, the soil component is laminated, the inorganic particles are entangled in the organic matrix, or the calcium and the organic matter form a composite, so that the bacteria are easily propagated.

  For this reason, medical institutions or medical personnel providing dialysis treatment must pay sufficient attention to infection of patients through hemodialysis machines. For patient safety, it is particularly required to keep the dialysate supply line and dialysate drainage line provided in the hemodialyzer clean. For this reason, every time the dialysis treatment is completed, the medical staff performs the water washing operation of the dialysate supply line and the dialysate drainage line using RO water, and if necessary, performs the disinfection work with the disinfectant. We are preparing for the next dialysis treatment.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses at least an RO device for purifying RO water by removing impurities contained in tap water by reverse osmosis, a dialysis fluid supply device for preparing dialysis fluid, and the dialysis for multiple people. The present invention relates to a method for cleaning and sterilizing a hemodialysis system including a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices that receive dialysis fluid from a fluid supply device and perform dialysis treatment on a patient.
Since it takes a long time to clean and sterilize a hemodialysis system equipped with a plurality of such dialysis monitoring devices, the method described in the literature mainly deals with easy management and shortening of work time. It is said.
And in the method of the said literature description, by supplying a washing | cleaning / sterilization liquid from the washing | cleaning / sterilization supply pump of the dialysis fluid supply apparatus for multi-persons, the dialysis liquid supply apparatus for multi-persons is connected to the downstream side. The dialysis monitoring device and the pipes connecting these devices can be easily and sterilized in a short time.
However, in the method described in this document, even when dialysis treatment by any one of the plurality of dialysis monitoring devices is completed, dialysis treatment by another dialysis monitoring device is in progress. If so, the dialysate supply line and dialysate drainage line provided in the dialysis monitoring device after the completion of dialysis treatment cannot be washed. In addition, in other documents including the document, no description or reference regarding the problem is made.
JP 2005-296158 A

  As described above, the dialysate supply line and the dialysate drainage line included in the hemodialysis apparatus are in a state in which bacteria are likely to propagate due to dirt adhering to the dialysis treatment, and should be washed as early as possible. Preferably it should be washed immediately after the end of dialysis treatment. Also, if the dirt is left as it is, it will be difficult to remove the attached dirt, and it will be difficult to remove it. Can be removed.

  However, in a hemodialysis system including a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices according to the prior art, if dialysis treatment by all the dialysis monitoring devices is not completed, the dialysis fluid supply line and dialysis fluid drain provided in the dialysis monitoring device Since the fluid line cannot be washed, even if the dialysis treatment by any of the dialysis monitoring devices is completed, until the dialysis treatment by all of the dialysis monitoring devices is completed, the contaminated unsanitary There was no method other than leaving it in the state.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is that when dialysis treatment by one of the plurality of dialysis monitoring devices is completed, dialysis treatment by another dialysis monitoring device is in progress. In addition, blood that can wash the dialysate supply line and the dialysate drainage line included in the dialysis monitoring device after the dialysis treatment is completed without waiting for the dialysis treatment by the other dialysis monitoring device to end. A method for cleaning a dialysis system is provided.

Here, although the said subject is related to the hemodialysis system with which the some monitoring apparatus for dialysis was connected, the same subject has arisen also in the hemodialysis system with which the several dialysis apparatus for personal use was connected.
Therefore, another problem to be solved by the present invention is that when dialysis treatment by any one of a plurality of personal dialysis devices is completed, dialysis treatment by another personal dialysis device proceeds. The dialysate supply line and the dialysate drainage line of the personal dialyzer for which the dialysis treatment is completed are washed without waiting for the dialysis treatment by the other personal dialysis device to be completed even during It is to provide a method for cleaning a hemodialysis system.

  The present inventor has obtained the following technical knowledge as a result of various experimental studies and theoretical studies to solve the above problems.

(A) Knowledge about a washing method of a hemodialysis system provided with a plurality of monitoring devices for dialysis FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing an aspect of a hemodialysis system according to the prior art. As shown in FIG. 7, this hemodialysis system includes an A stock solution tank 11 for storing A stock solution, a B stock solution tank 21 for storing B stock solution, an RO device 31 for purifying RO water, and these dialysate stock solution with RO water. It is composed of a multi-person dialysate supply device 41 that produces a dialysate by dilution, and a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices 60 that receive dialysis fluid from the multi-person dialysate supply device and perform dialysis treatment.

For the dialysis fluid supply line and the dialysis fluid drainage line provided in the dialysis monitoring device 60, the supply of the dialysate stock solution to the multi-person dialysis fluid supply device 41 is stopped, and the RO water is dialyzed instead of the dialysis fluid. This is done by flowing the liquid line 42. In this case, the dialysate supply device 41 for multiple persons, the dialysate line 42, a plurality of dialysate branch lines 43 branched from the dialysate line, and the dialysis monitoring device connected to the dialysate branch line are provided. The fluid supply line and the dialysate drainage line are washed with RO water.
When dialysis treatment is completed, the coupler that is the end of the dialysate supply line and the coupler that is the end of the dialysate drainage line are generally removed from the dialyzer. Therefore, both the couplers removed from the dialyzer are combined, and the RO water flowing through the dialysate supply line flows into the dialysate drainage line via the coupler, thereby washing the dialysate drainage line.
Another method for washing the dialysate supply line and the dialysate drain line is to empty the A stock solution tank 11 and the B stock solution tank 21 and supply RO water directly thereto. In this case, the A stock solution tank 11, the A stock solution line 12, the B stock solution tank 21, and the B stock solution line 22 are also washed with RO water.

  That is, in such a hemodialysis system including a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices 60, if the dialysis treatment by all the dialysis monitoring devices 60 is not completed, the dialysis fluid supply line and dialysis included in each dialysis monitoring device The drainage line cannot be cleaned. This is because only the dialysate line 42 exists as a flow path from the dialysate supply device 41 for a large number of people to the individual monitor devices 60 for dialysis, and the individual monitor devices 60 for dialysis share the dialysate line 42. Because.

  Therefore, the present inventor provided a washing liquid line 33 as a new flow path as shown in FIG. 1 and installed a three-way valve in the dialysate branch line to which each dialysis monitoring device 60 is connected. Of the divided dialysate support lines, the side to which the dialysis monitoring device is connected is referred to as a downstream dialysate support line 45, and the side connected to the dialysate line is referred to as an upstream dialysate support line 44. In other words, the three-way valve 50 is connected to the downstream dialysate support line 45 to which the dialysis monitoring device 60 is connected. One of the ports is a newly provided wash solution line 33 and the other is the upstream dialysate support line. The line 44 is connected.

In this way, it is possible to select whether to flow RO water or dialysate through the downstream dialysate support line 45 by the three-way valve 50. For example, if the flow path between the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the upstream dialysate support line 44 is closed and the flow path between the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the washing liquid line 33 is formed, the downstream dialysate RO water can flow through the support line 45. That is, since the dialysate supply line provided in the dialysis monitoring device is connected to the downstream dialysate support line 45, it is possible to wash by flowing RO water through the dialysate supply line. Further, by coupling the dialysate supply line coupler removed from the dialyzer and the dialysate drainage line coupler, it is possible to wash by flowing RO water through the dialysate drainage line.
On the other hand, if the flow path between the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the upstream dialysate support line 44 is formed and the flow path between the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the washing liquid line 33 is closed, downstream dialysis is performed. The dialysate can be passed through the liquid support line 45 and the dialysate supply line connected thereto.

  Therefore, when the dialysis treatment by any one of the plurality of dialysis monitoring devices 60 is terminated, the dialysis treatment is terminated by the three-way valve 50 connected to the downstream dialysate branch line 45. The flow path between the downstream dialysate branch line 45 and the upstream dialysate branch line 44 connected to the dialysis monitoring device is closed, and the flow path between the downstream dialysate branch line 45 and the washing liquid line 33 is formed. For example, RO water can be flowed to the dialysate drainage line by connecting the downstream dialysate support line 45, the dialysate supply line connected to the line, and the removed coupler. As a result, even if dialysis treatment by another dialysis monitoring device is in progress, the dialysis treatment device that has completed dialysis treatment is provided without waiting for dialysis treatment by the other dialysis monitoring device to end. The dialysate supply line and the dialysate drain line can be washed.

  Based on the above findings, the present inventor has come up with a method for cleaning a hemodialysis system that can solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, the present invention includes an A stock solution tank for storing A stock solution, a B stock solution tank for storing B stock solution, an RO device for purifying RO water, and diluting A stock solution and B stock solution with RO water to obtain a dialysate. Multi-dialysis dialysate supply device to be prepared, a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices that receive dialysis fluid from the multi-dialysis dialysate supply device, and the RO device and multi-dialysis dialysate supply device An RO water line connecting the RO water line, a washing liquid line connected to the RO water line, a dialysate line connected to the multi-person dialysate supply device, and a plurality of upstream dialysis branches from the dialysate line Each three-way valve comprising a liquid branch line, a downstream dialysate branch line connected to a dialysate supply line included in each dialysis monitoring device, and a three-way valve connected to each downstream dialysate branch line One mouth of the cleaning liquid line, A hemodialysis system cleaning method in which one of the ports is connected to the upstream dialysate branch line, and when any of the plurality of dialysis monitoring devices finishes dialysis treatment, the three-way valve The flow path between the downstream dialysate branch line and the upstream dialysate branch line connected to the monitoring device for dialysis after dialysis treatment is closed, and the flow path between the downstream dialysate branch line and the washing liquid line is blocked. This is a method for cleaning a hemodialysis system in which the dialysate supply line and the dialysate drainage line provided in the monitoring device for dialysis that has completed dialysis treatment are washed with the RO water that is formed and flows through the formed flow path.

(B) Knowledge about a washing method of a hemodialysis system provided with a plurality of personal dialysis apparatuses FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing another aspect of a hemodialysis system according to the prior art. As shown in FIG. 8, this hemodialysis system includes an A stock solution tank 11 for storing A stock solution, a B stock solution tank 21 for storing B stock solution, an RO device 31 for purifying RO water, and these dialysate stock solution and RO. Upon receiving the supply of water, the dialysis fluid stock solution is diluted with RO water to create a dialysis fluid, and is composed of a plurality of personal dialysis apparatuses 61 that perform dialysis treatment.

About washing of dialysate supply line and dialysate drainage line provided for personal dialyzer 61, supply of dialysate stock solution to personal dialyzer 61 is stopped and RO water is used instead of dialysate stock solution as A stock solution line 12, B is performed by a method of flowing into the stock solution line 22. In this case, the A stock solution line 12, a plurality of A stock solution branch lines 13 branched from the line, a dialysate supply line provided in the personal dialyzer 61 connected to the A stock solution branch line via a stock solution pump, Then, the dialysate drainage line is washed with RO water. Similarly, the B stock solution line 22, a plurality of B stock solution branch lines branching from the line, a dialysate supply line provided in the personal dialyzer 61 connected to the B stock solution branch line via a stock solution pump, and The dialysate drain line is washed with RO water.
Another method for washing the dialysate supply line and the dialysate drain line is to empty the A stock solution tank 11 and the B stock solution tank 21 and supply RO water directly thereto. In this case, the A stock solution tank 11 and the B stock solution tank 21 are also washed with RO water.

  That is, in such a hemodialysis system including a plurality of personal dialysis devices 61, if dialysis treatment by all the personal dialysis devices is not completed, the dialysis fluid supply line and dialysis fluid included in each personal dialysis device The drain line cannot be cleaned. This is because only the A stock solution line 12 exists as a flow path from the A stock solution tank 11 to the individual personal dialyzer 61, and the individual personal dialyzer shares the A stock solution line. Similarly, only the B stock solution line 22 exists as a flow path from the B stock solution tank 21 to the individual personal dialyzer 61, and the individual personal dialyzer shares the B stock solution line.

Therefore, the present inventor provided the washing liquid line 33 as a new flow path as shown in FIG. 4 and installed the first three-way valve 51 in the A stock solution branch line to which each individual dialysis machine is connected. Of the A stock solution branch line divided by the first three-way valve, the side to which the personal dialyzer is connected is the downstream A stock solution branch line 15, and the side connected to the A stock solution line is the upstream A stock solution branch line 14. did. In other words, the first three-way valve 51 is connected to the downstream side A stock solution branch line 15 to which the personal dialyzer is connected, one of which is the newly provided washing liquid line 33 and the other port is the upstream side A. It was decided to connect with the stock solution branch line 14.
Similarly, the second three-way valve 52 is installed in the B raw solution branch line to which individual personal dialyzers are connected, and the personal dialyzer is connected among the B raw solution branch lines divided by the second three-way valve. The side connected to the downstream B stock solution branch line 25 and the side connected to the B stock solution line were taken as the upstream side B stock solution branch line 24. In other words, the second three-way valve 52 is connected to the downstream B stock solution branch line 25 to which the personal dialyzer is connected, one of which is the newly provided cleaning liquid line 33 and the other is the upstream B. The undiluted solution branch line 24 was connected.

In this way, the first three-way valve 51 can select whether the RO water or the A stock solution is caused to flow through the downstream A stock solution branch line 15. For example, if the flow path between the downstream A stock solution branch line 15 and the upstream A stock solution branch line 14 is closed and the flow path between the downstream A stock solution branch line 15 and the cleaning liquid line 33 is formed, the downstream A stock solution RO water can flow through the branch line 15. That is, since the dialysate supply line provided in the personal dialyzer is connected to the downstream side A stock solution branch line 15 via the stock solution pump, it is possible to wash the dialysate supply line by flowing RO water. it can. Further, by coupling the dialysate supply line coupler removed from the dialyzer and the dialysate drainage line coupler, it is possible to wash by flowing RO water through the dialysate drainage line.
On the other hand, if the flow path between the downstream A raw liquid branch line 15 and the upstream A raw liquid branch line 14 is formed and the flow path between the downstream A raw liquid branch line 15 and the cleaning liquid line 33 is closed, the downstream A The A stock solution can be passed through the stock solution branch line 15 and the dialysate supply line connected thereto.

Similarly, by the second three-way valve 52, it is possible to select whether to flow the RO water or the B stock solution to the downstream B stock solution branch line 25. For example, if the flow path between the downstream B raw liquid branch line 25 and the upstream B raw liquid branch line 24 is closed and the flow path between the downstream B raw liquid branch line 25 and the cleaning liquid line 33 is formed, the downstream B raw liquid branch RO water can flow through the support line 25. That is, since the dialysate supply line provided in the personal dialyzer is connected to the downstream side B stock solution branch line 25 via the stock solution pump, it is possible to wash by flowing RO water through the dialysate supply line. it can. Further, by coupling the dialysate supply line coupler removed from the dialyzer and the dialysate drainage line coupler, it is possible to wash by flowing RO water through the dialysate drainage line.
On the contrary, if the flow path between the downstream B raw liquid branch line 25 and the upstream B raw liquid branch line 24 is formed and the flow path between the downstream B raw liquid branch line 25 and the cleaning liquid line 33 is closed, the downstream side B The B stock solution can be passed through the stock solution branch line 25 and the dialysate supply line connected thereto.

Therefore, when the dialysis treatment by any one of the plurality of personal dialysis devices 61 is completed, the dialysis treatment is performed by the first three-way valve 51 connected to the downstream A stock solution branch line 15. The flow path between the downstream A undiluted solution branch line 15 and the upstream A undiluted solution branch line 14 connected to the personal dialysis machine that has finished the operation is closed, and the flow path between the downstream A undiluted solution branch line 15 and the washing solution line 33 is closed. The RO water can be caused to flow through the dialysate drainage line by combining the downstream A stock solution branch line 15, the dialysate supply line connected to the line A, and the removed coupler.
Similarly, the downstream B stock solution branch line 25 and the upstream B stock solution branch line 24 connected to the personal dialysis machine that has finished dialysis treatment by the second three-way valve 52 connected to the downstream B stock solution branch line 25. And the downstream B stock solution branch line 25 and the cleaning solution line 33 are formed, the downstream B stock solution branch line 25, the dialysate supply line connected to the line, and the removal The RO water can be caused to flow through the dialysate drainage line by coupling the coupler.
Thus, even if dialysis treatment by another personal dialysis device is in progress, the personal dialysis device for which dialysis treatment has been completed is provided without waiting for dialysis treatment by the other personal dialysis device to be completed. The dialysate supply line and the dialysate drain line can be washed.

  Based on the above findings, the present inventor has come up with a method for cleaning a hemodialysis system that can solve the latter problem described above. That is, the present invention includes an A stock solution tank for storing A stock solution, a B stock solution tank for storing B stock solution, an RO device for purifying RO water, and diluting A stock solution and B stock solution with RO water to obtain a dialysate. A plurality of personal dialysis apparatuses that are manufactured and perform dialysis treatment, a RO water line that connects the RO apparatus and a plurality of personal dialysis apparatuses, a washing liquid line that is connected to the RO water line, and the A stock solution tank A-line solution line connected to the A-line, a plurality of upstream-side A-line solution branch lines branching from the A-line solution line, and a downstream side A connected to the dialysate supply line provided in each personal dialyzer via a concentrate solution pump Stock solution branch line, first three-way valve connected to each downstream side A stock solution branch line, B stock solution line connected to the B stock solution tank, and a plurality of upstream side B stock solutions branched from the B stock solution line With branch line Each of the personal dialyzers includes a downstream B stock solution branch line connected to a dialysate supply line provided via a stock solution pump, and a second three-way valve connected to each downstream B stock solution branch line, One port of the first three-way valve is connected to the cleaning liquid line, the other port is connected to the upstream A stock solution branch line, one port of each second three-way valve is the cleaning liquid line, and the other port is upstream A method of cleaning a hemodialysis system connected to a side B undiluted solution line, wherein when any one of the plurality of personal dialysis devices finishes dialysis treatment, the first three-way valve causes dialysis treatment. The flow path between the downstream A stock solution branch line and the upstream A stock solution branch line connected to the personal dialysis machine that has been completed, and forming the flow path between the downstream A stock solution branch line and the washing solution line, In addition, the second three-way valve allows dialysis treatment The downstream B stock solution branch line and the upstream B stock solution branch line connected to the completed personal dialyzer are closed, and the downstream B stock solution branch line and the cleaning fluid line are formed. This is a method for cleaning a hemodialysis system in which a dialysate supply line and a dialysate drainage line provided in a personal dialyzer that has finished dialysis treatment are washed with RO water flowing through the flow path.

(A) According to the present invention relating to the method of cleaning a hemodialysis system to which a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices are connected, when dialysis treatment by any of the dialysis monitoring devices is completed Even if the dialysis treatment by another dialysis monitoring device is in progress, the dialysis treatment has been completed without waiting for the dialysis treatment by the other dialysis monitoring device to end. The dialysis fluid supply line and the dialysis fluid drainage line included in can be washed.

(B) According to the present invention relating to the method for washing a hemodialysis system to which a plurality of personal dialysis devices are connected, when dialysis treatment by any one of the plurality of personal dialysis devices is completed Even if dialysis treatment by another personal dialysis device is in progress, the personal dialysis device has been terminated without waiting for the dialysis treatment by the other personal dialysis device to be completed. The dialysis fluid supply line and the dialysis fluid drainage line included in can be washed.

(C) That is, the dialysate supply line and the dialysate drainage line provided in the hemodialyzer of the dialysis monitoring device and the personal dialysis device are in a state in which bacteria easily propagate due to dirt attached by dialysis treatment. According to the method for cleaning a hemodialysis system according to the present invention, the dialysate supply line and the dialysate drainage line can always be maintained in a clean state, which is one of the causes of infecting patients through the dialyzer. Therefore, it is possible to provide a safe dialysis treatment with no infection accident for the patient.

Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a hemodialysis system according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, this hemodialysis system includes an A stock solution tank 11, a B stock solution tank 21, an RO device 31, a multi-person dialysate supply device 41, a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices 60, various lines shown below, And a three-way valve 50 for selecting a flow path.

A stock solution tank 11 is a tank for storing A stock solution 10 containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, anhydrous sodium acetate, glucose, etc., and supplies dialysis fluid for multiple people via A stock solution line 12 Connected to device 41.
The B stock solution tank 21 is a tank for storing the B stock solution 20 containing sodium hydrogen carbonate or the like, and is connected to a multi-person dialysate supply device 41 via the B stock solution line 22.

  The RO device 31 is a device that purifies the RO water 30 by removing impurities contained in tap water by a reverse osmosis method, and is connected to a multi-person dialysate supply device 41 via an RO water line 32. The reverse osmosis method is a membrane separation method that utilizes a phenomenon in which water components filter the RO membrane by applying a pressure higher than the osmotic pressure to the primary solution through the RO membrane. It is possible to almost completely remove dissolved ions, organic substances, bacteria, pyrogens, and the like, which are impurities contained in.

  The RO water line 32 is connected to a washing liquid line 33 which is one of the features of the hemodialysis system according to the present invention. The washing liquid line 33 is a line through which the RO water 30 for washing the dialysate supply line and the dialysate drainage line provided in the dialysis monitoring device 60 that has finished dialysis treatment flows.

The multi-person dialysate supply device 41 includes a stock solution A that is a stock solution of dialysate supplied from a stock solution tank A, a stock solution B that is a stock solution of dialysate supplied from a stock solution tank B, and an RO that is supplied from an RO device. It is an apparatus that mixes water 30 at a predetermined ratio to produce a plurality of dialysate 40.
A dialysate line 42 through which the prepared dialysate 40 flows is connected to the multi-person dialysate supply device 41, and a plurality of upstream dialysate support lines 44 branch from the dialysate line 42.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing an aspect of the dialysis monitoring device 60. As shown in FIG. 2, each dialysis monitoring device 60 (console) includes a dialysate supply line 62 to which a downstream dialysate support line 45 is connected, a dialysate drainage line 63, and a blood pump 66. The dialysate 40 is supplied from the dialysate supply device 41 for a large number of people via the side dialysate support line 45 and the dialysate supply line 62, and blood from the patient is sent to the dialyzer 64 by the blood pump 66, and the semipermeable membrane is removed. It is the apparatus which is made to contact with the dialysate 40 through this, and purifies the blood.
As shown in FIG. 2, the downstream dialysate support line 45 is connected to a three-way valve 50 which is one of the features of the hemodialysis system according to the present invention. The other port is connected to the upstream dialysate support line 44.
In the connection mode of the dialysis monitoring device 60 illustrated in FIG. 2, the venous chamber 69 is connected to the venous blood line 71, but as another mode, the arterial chamber is further connected to the arterial blood line 70. May be connected.

  Since the hemodialysis system according to the present invention to which a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices 60 are connected has the above-described configuration, the RO water 30 is connected to an arbitrary downstream dialysate branch line 45 by the three-way valve 50 as described below. Or dialysate 40 can be selected.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory view schematically showing one embodiment of the method for washing a hemodialysis system according to the present invention, and among the four dialysis monitoring devices 60 constituting the hemodialysis system, the second dialysis device from the left. The state where the dialysis treatment by the monitoring device is completed and the washing is performed is schematically shown in the case where the dialysis treatment by the other three dialysis monitoring devices is in progress. Although four dialysis monitoring devices are connected in the drawing, the number of connected dialysis monitoring devices 60 is not limited to this.

  As for the second dialysis monitoring device 60 from the left after the dialysis treatment is completed, the downstream dialysate branch line 45 and the upstream dialysate branch line 44 are connected in the same manner as the other three units in which dialysis treatment is in progress. By forming a flow path and closing the flow path between the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the washing liquid line 33, the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the line 45 are connected as shown in FIG. Dialysis treatment was performed by flowing the dialysate 40 through the dialysate supply line 62.

Hereinafter, a method of cleaning the dialysate supply line 62 and the dialysate drainage line 63 provided in the dialysis monitoring device 60 after dialysis treatment will be described.
First, the three-way valve 50 connected to the downstream dialysate support line 45 of the dialysis monitoring device 60 after the dialysis treatment is completed, and the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the upstream where the flow path was formed during the dialysis treatment. The flow path with the side dialysate branch line 44 is closed (step 1).
Subsequently, the three-way valve 50 forms a flow path between the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the washing liquid line 33 (step 2). As a result, the RO water 30 flows through the downstream dialysate support line 45. That is, since the downstream dialysate support line 45 is connected to the dialysate supply line 62 provided in the dialysis monitoring device 60, the RO water 30 is caused to flow through the dialysate supply line 62 and the dialysate supply line 62. Wash.

As for the specific opening / closing operation of the three-way valve 50 at this time, as shown in Example 1 of Table 1, the 44 side and 45 side valves are closed as step 1, and the 45 side and 33 side valves are closed as step 2. It is desirable to open it from the viewpoint of ensuring safety. Further, as shown in the second embodiment, the 44-side valve may be closed as step 1 and the 33-side valve may be opened as step 2. Alternatively, as shown in the third embodiment, it is possible to shift to the cleaning process by closing the 44-side valve and opening the 33-side valve from the dialysis treatment state.
In Table 1, “O” indicates that the valve is open, and “X” indicates that the valve is closed. That is, the opening / closing operation shown in Table 1 shows the opening / closing operation in the case of using a three-way valve of a type provided with an opening / closing valve on each of the three sides.

  When a selector type three-way valve that selects an alternative flow path is used instead of a type that has an on-off valve in each of the three directions, the three-way valve 50 is connected to the downstream dialysate branch line 45. Therefore, by selecting the 44 side, a flow path between the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the upstream dialysate support line 44 is formed, and a flow path between the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the washing liquid line 33 is blocked. Is done. On the other hand, by selecting the 33 side, the flow path between the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the washing liquid line 33 is formed, and the flow path between the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the upstream dialysate support line 44 is blocked. The

  As for the dialysate drainage line 63, the coupler 65 of the dialysate supply line removed from the dialyzer 64 and the coupler 65 of the dialysate drainage line are combined to connect the RO water 30 flowing through the dialysate supply line to the coupler 65. The dialysate drainage line 63 is poured into the dialysate drainage line 63 to wash the dialysate drainage line 63.

  On the other hand, for the other three units in which dialysis treatment is in progress, a flow path is formed between the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the upstream dialysate support line 44 as shown in FIG. By closing the flow path between the branch line 45 and the washing liquid line 33, the dialysate 40 can flow through the downstream dialysate branch line 45 and the dialysate supply line 62 connected thereto. Can continue.

As described above, according to the present invention relating to the method for cleaning a hemodialysis system to which a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices 60 are connected, dialysis treatment by any one of the dialysis monitoring devices 60. Is finished, the three-way valve 50 connected to the downstream dialysate support line 45 causes the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the upstream dialysate support connected to the dialysis monitoring device 60 that has finished dialysis treatment. By closing the flow path with the line 44 and forming a flow path with the downstream dialysate support line 45 and the washing liquid line 33, the downstream dialysate support line 45, the dialysate supply line connected to the line The RO water 30 can be caused to flow through the dialysate drainage line 63 by coupling 62 and the removed coupler.
Thereby, even if the dialysis treatment by the other dialysis monitoring device 60 is in progress, the dialysis treatment is completed without waiting for the dialysis treatment by the other dialysis monitoring device to end. The dialysate supply line 62 and the dialysate drainage line 63 included in the can be washed.
That is, the dialysate supply line 62 and the dialysate drainage line 63 provided in the dialysis monitoring device 60 are in a state in which bacteria are likely to propagate due to dirt adhering to the dialysis treatment, and the patient is infected through the dialysis monitoring device. As one of the factors, according to the present invention relating to the washing method of a hemodialysis system to which a plurality of dialysis monitoring devices 60 are connected, the dialysate supply line 62 and the dialysate drainage line 63 are always kept clean. Therefore, it is possible to provide a safe dialysis treatment without infectious accident for the patient.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the hemodialysis system according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, this hemodialysis system includes a first A solution tank 11, a B solution tank 21, an RO device 31, a plurality of personal dialysis devices 61, various lines shown below, and a first flow path. It consists of a three-way valve 51 and a second three-way valve 52.

The A stock solution tank 11 is a tank for storing the A stock solution 10 containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, anhydrous sodium acetate, glucose and the like. An A stock solution line 12 through which the A stock solution 10 flows is connected to the A stock solution tank 11, and a plurality of upstream A stock solution branch lines 14 branch from the A stock solution line 12.
The B stock solution tank 21 is a tank for storing the B stock solution 20 containing sodium hydrogen carbonate or the like. A B stock solution line 22 through which the B stock solution 20 flows is connected to the B stock solution tank 21, and a plurality of upstream B stock solution branch lines 24 branch from the B stock solution line 22.

The RO device 31 is a device that purifies the RO water 30 by removing impurities contained in tap water by a reverse osmosis method. The RO device 31 is supplied to individual personal dialyzer 61 via the RO water line 32 through which the RO water 30 flows. Connected.
The RO water line 32 is connected to a cleaning liquid line 33 which is one of the features of the hemodialysis system according to the present invention. The washing liquid line 33 is a line through which RO water 30 for washing the dialysate supply line and the dialysate drainage line included in the personal dialyzer 61 that has finished dialysis treatment flows.

  The personal dialysis machine 61 includes A stock solution 10 that is a dialysate stock solution supplied from the A stock solution tank, B stock solution 20 that is a dialysate stock solution supplied from the B stock solution tank, and RO water 30 supplied from the RO device. A device for purifying blood by mixing at a predetermined ratio to produce one dialysate 40, sending blood from a patient to a dialyzer 64 by a blood pump 66, and contacting the dialysate through a semipermeable membrane It is. That is, the personal dialysis device 61 is a device provided with a dialysate preparation function in addition to the function of the dialysis monitoring device 60 described above.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing an aspect of the personal dialysis device 61. As shown in FIG. 5, each individual dialyzer 61 includes a dialysate supply line 62, a dialysate drainage line 63, and a blood pump 66. The dialysate supply line 62 includes an RO water line 32 and a stock solution pump. A downstream A stock solution branch line 15 and a downstream B stock solution branch line 25 are connected via 67.
For the preparation of the dialysate 40 and the supply of the prepared dialysate 40 to the dialysate supply line 62, electromagnetic valves 68 respectively connected to the downstream A stock solution branch line 15 and the downstream B stock solution branch line 25 are provided. By alternately opening and closing, the A stock solution 10 flowing in the downstream A stock solution branch line 15 and the B stock solution 20 flowing in the downstream B stock solution branch line 25 are alternately injected into the dialysate supply line 62 via the stock solution pump 67. Is done.
In the connection mode of the personal dialyzer 61 illustrated in FIG. 5, the venous chamber 69 is connected to the venous blood line 71, but as another mode, the arterial chamber is further connected to the arterial blood line 70. May be connected.
And each 1st three-way valve 51 which is one of the characteristics of the hemodialysis system based on this invention is connected to each downstream A undiluted solution branch line 15, and one opening | mouth of each 1st three-way valve 51 is connected. Is connected to the cleaning liquid line 33 and the other port is connected to the upstream side A raw liquid branch line 14.
Similarly, a second three-way valve 52, which is one of the features of the hemodialysis system according to the present invention, is connected to each downstream B stock solution branch line 25, and one of the second three-way valves 52 is connected. The mouth is connected to the cleaning liquid line 33, and the other mouth is connected to the upstream B stock solution branch line 24.

  Since the hemodialysis system according to the present invention to which a plurality of personal dialysis apparatuses 61 are connected has the above-described configuration, the first three-way valve 51 can be connected to an arbitrary downstream A stock solution branch line 15 by the first three-way valve 51 as described below. It is possible to select whether to flow the RO water 30 or the A stock solution 10. Similarly, by the second three-way valve 52, it is possible to select whether the RO water 30 or the B stock solution 20 is caused to flow through any downstream B stock solution branch line 25.

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory view schematically showing another aspect of the washing method of the hemodialysis system according to the present invention, and the right personal dialysis device among the two personal dialysis apparatuses 61 constituting the hemodialysis system. The state in which the dialysis treatment by the device 61 is completed and the washing is performed is schematically shown in the case where the dialysis treatment by the left personal dialysis device 61 is in progress. In the figure, two personal dialyzers 61 are connected, but the number of connected personal dialyzers 61 is not limited to this.

  For the personal dialysis device 61 on the right side after the dialysis treatment is completed, a flow path is formed between the downstream A stock solution branch line 15 and the upstream A stock solution branch line 14 in the same manner as the left side where dialysis treatment is in progress. By closing the flow path between the downstream A stock solution branch line 15 and the cleaning solution line 33, the A stock solution 10 is connected to the downstream A stock solution support line 15 and the dialysate supply line 62 connected thereto via the stock solution pump. In addition, the flow path between the downstream B stock solution branch line 25 and the upstream B stock solution branch line 24 is formed, and the flow path between the downstream B stock solution branch line 25 and the cleaning liquid line 33 is blocked. Thus, dialysis treatment is performed by flowing the B stock solution 20 through the downstream B stock solution support line 25 and the dialysate supply line 62 connected thereto via the stock solution pump.

Hereinafter, a method for cleaning the dialysate supply line 62 and the dialysate drainage line 63 included in the personal dialyzer 61 after dialysis treatment will be described.
First, the flow path between the downstream A stock solution branch line 15 and the upstream A stock solution branch line 14 is closed by the first three-way valve 51 provided in the personal dialyzer 61 for which dialysis treatment has been completed. Similarly, the flow path between the downstream B raw solution branch line 25 and the upstream B raw solution branch line 24 is closed by the second three-way valve 52 (step 1).
Next, the first three-way valve 51 forms a flow path between the downstream A raw solution branch line 15 and the cleaning liquid line 33. Similarly, the second three-way valve 52 forms a flow path between the downstream B raw solution branch line 25 and the cleaning liquid line 33 (step 2). As a result, the RO water 30 is caused to flow through the downstream A stock solution branch line 15 and the downstream B stock solution branch line 25. That is, since the dialysate supply line 62 included in the personal dialyzer 61 is connected to the downstream A stock solution branch line 15 and the downstream B stock solution branch line 25 via a stock pump, the dialysate supply line 62 The dialysate supply line 62 is washed by flowing the RO water 30 into the pipe.

As for the specific opening and closing operation of the first three-way valve 51 at this time, as shown in Example 4 of Table 2, the 14 side and 15 side valves are closed as step 1, and the 15 side and 33 side are set as step 2. It is desirable from the viewpoint of ensuring safety to open the valve. Further, as shown in the fifth embodiment, the 14-side valve may be closed as step 1 and the 33-side valve may be opened as step 2. Alternatively, as shown in Example 6, it is also possible to shift to the cleaning process from the dialysis treatment state by closing the 14-side valve and opening the 33-side valve.
As for the specific opening / closing operation of the second three-way valve 52, it is safe to close the 24 side and 25 side valves as Step 1 and open the 25 side and 33 side valves as Step 2. From the viewpoint of. Alternatively, the 24-side valve may be closed as step 1 and the 33-side valve may be opened as step 2. Alternatively, the dialysis treatment state can be shifted to the washing step by closing the valve on the 24th side and opening the valve on the 33th side.
In Table 2, “O” represents a state in which the valve is open, and “X” represents a state in which the valve is closed. In other words, the opening / closing operation shown in Table 2 shows the opening / closing operation in the case of using a three-way valve of a type provided with an opening / closing valve in each of the three directions.

  In the case of using a selector type three-way valve that selects an alternative flow path instead of a type having an on-off valve in each of the three directions, the first three-way valve 51 is connected to the downstream side A stock solution branch line 15. Therefore, by selecting the 14 side, a flow path between the downstream A raw liquid branch line 15 and the upstream A raw liquid branch line 14 is formed, and a flow path between the downstream A raw liquid branch line 15 and the cleaning liquid line 33 is formed. Is blocked. On the other hand, by selecting the 33 side, a flow path between the downstream A raw liquid branch line 15 and the cleaning liquid line 33 is formed, and a flow path between the downstream A raw liquid branch line 15 and the upstream A raw liquid branch line 14 is closed. The Similarly, since the second three-way valve 52 is connected to the downstream B raw solution branch line 25, the flow path between the downstream B raw solution branch line 25 and the upstream B raw solution branch line 24 is selected by selecting the 24 side. Is formed, and the flow path between the downstream B stock solution branch line 25 and the cleaning solution line 33 is closed. On the other hand, by selecting the 33 side, the flow path between the downstream B raw liquid branch line 25 and the cleaning liquid line 33 is formed, and the flow path between the downstream B raw liquid branch line 25 and the upstream B raw liquid branch line 24 is closed. The

  As for the dialysate drainage line 63, the coupler 65 of the dialysate supply line removed from the dialyzer 64 and the coupler 65 of the dialysate drainage line are combined to connect the RO water 30 flowing through the dialysate supply line to the coupler 65. The dialysate drainage line 63 is poured into the dialysate drainage line 63 to wash the dialysate drainage line 63.

On the other hand, for the left personal dialysis device 61 in which dialysis treatment is in progress, the first three-way valve 51 causes the downstream A stock solution branch line 15 and the upstream A stock solution branch line 14 to be connected as shown in FIG. The flow path is formed, and the flow path between the downstream A raw solution branch line 15 and the cleaning liquid line 33 is closed, so that the dialysate supply connected to the downstream A raw solution branch line 15 and the raw liquid pump is connected thereto. Since the A stock solution 10 can flow through the line 62, dialysis treatment can be continued.
Similarly, the second three-way valve 52 forms a flow path between the downstream B raw liquid branch line 25 and the upstream B raw liquid branch line 24, and a flow path between the downstream B raw liquid branch line 25 and the cleaning liquid line 33. Since the B stock solution 20 can be flowed to the downstream B stock solution branch line 25 and the dialysate supply line 62 connected thereto via the stock solution pump, the dialysis treatment can be continued.

As described above, according to the present invention relating to the method of cleaning a hemodialysis system to which a plurality of personal dialysis devices 61 are connected, dialysis treatment by any one of the plurality of personal dialysis devices 61 Is finished, the first three-way valve 51 connected to the downstream A stock solution branch line 15 causes the downstream A stock solution branch line 15 connected to the personal dialysis machine finished with the dialysis treatment and the upstream side A. By closing the flow path with the stock solution branch line 14 and forming the flow path with the downstream side A stock solution branch line 15 and the cleaning liquid line 33, the downstream side A stock solution branch line 15 is connected to the line via the stock solution pump. By connecting the connected dialysate supply line 62 and the removed coupler, the RO water can flow into the dialysate drain line 63.
Similarly, the downstream B stock solution branch line 25 and the upstream B stock solution branch line 24 connected to the personal dialysis machine that has finished dialysis treatment by the second three-way valve 52 connected to the downstream B stock solution branch line 25. And the downstream B raw solution branch line 25 and the cleaning liquid line 33 are formed, thereby connecting the downstream B raw solution branch line 25 to the relevant line via the raw solution pump. By connecting the liquid supply line 62 and the removed coupler, the RO water can be passed through the dialysate drainage line 63.
As a result, even if dialysis treatment by another personal dialysis device 61 is in progress, the personal dialysis device 61 that has finished dialysis treatment without waiting for the completion of dialysis treatment by the other personal dialysis device. The dialysate supply line 62 and the dialysate drainage line 63 included in the can be washed.
That is, the dialysate supply line 62 and the dialysate drainage line 63 provided in the personal dialyzer 61 are in a state in which bacteria are likely to propagate due to dirt adhering to the dialysis treatment. According to the present invention relating to the hemodialysis system cleaning method in which a plurality of personal dialysis devices 61 are connected, the dialysate supply line 62 and the dialysate drainage line 63 are always in a clean state. Therefore, it is possible to provide a patient with a safe dialysis treatment without an infection accident.

It is a lineblock diagram showing one mode of a hemodialysis system concerning the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the one aspect | mode of the monitoring apparatus for dialysis. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the one aspect | mode of the washing | cleaning method which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows another one aspect | mode of the hemodialysis system which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the one aspect | mode of the personal dialysis apparatus. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically another one aspect | mode of the washing | cleaning method which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the one aspect | mode of the hemodialysis system which concerns on a prior art. It is a block diagram which shows another one aspect | mode of the hemodialysis system which concerns on a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

10 A stock solution 11 A stock solution tank 12 A stock solution line 13 A stock solution branch line 14 upstream side A stock solution branch line 15 downstream side A stock solution branch line 20 B stock solution 21 B stock solution tank 22 B stock solution line 23 B stock solution branch line 24 upstream side B Stock solution branch line 25 Downstream B stock solution branch line 30 RO water 31 RO device 32 RO water line 33 Wash solution line 40 Dialysate 41 Dialysate supply device for multiple people
42 Dialysate line 43 Dialysate branch line 44 Upstream dialysate branch line 45 Downstream dialysate branch line 50 Three-way valve 51 First three-way valve 52 Second three-way valve 53 Initial drainage valve 60 Dialysis monitoring device 61 Personal dialyzer 62 Dialysate supply line 63 Dialysate drain line 64 Dializer 65 Coupler 66 Blood pump 67 Stock pump 68 Solenoid valve 69 Vein side chamber 70 Arterial side blood line 71 Vein side blood line 72 Overflow line 73 Relay joint 74 Clamp P1 1st liquid feeding means P2 2nd liquid feeding means P3 3rd liquid feeding means

Claims (2)

A stock solution tank for storing A stock solution;
B stock solution tank for storing B stock solution;
RO device for purifying RO water;
A multi-party dialysate supply device for preparing dialysate by diluting A stock solution and B stock solution with RO water;
A plurality of dialysis monitoring devices that receive dialysis fluid from the dialysis fluid supply device for multiple persons and perform dialysis treatment;
RO water line connecting the RO device and a multi-person dialysate supply device;
A cleaning liquid line connected to the RO water line;
A dialysate line connected to the multi-person dialysate supply device;
A plurality of upstream dialysate branch lines branched from the dialysate line;
A downstream dialysate branch line connected to a dialysate supply line included in each dialysis monitoring device;
With a three-way valve connected to each downstream dialysate branch line,
A method of cleaning a hemodialysis system in which one port of each three-way valve is connected to a cleaning liquid line and the other port is connected to an upstream dialysate branch line,
When any one of the plurality of dialysis monitoring devices finishes dialysis treatment, the three-way valve causes the downstream dialysis fluid branch line connected to the dialysis monitoring device finished with dialysis treatment and upstream dialysis. A monitoring device for dialysis that closes the flow path with the liquid branch line, forms a flow path between the downstream dialysate branch line and the washing liquid line, and terminates dialysis treatment with RO water flowing through the formed flow path. A hemodialysis system cleaning method for cleaning a dialysate supply line and a dialysate drain line.
A stock solution tank for storing A stock solution;
B stock solution tank for storing B stock solution;
RO device for purifying RO water;
A plurality of personal dialysis machines that perform dialysis treatment while diluting A stock solution and B stock solution with RO water,
RO water line connecting the RO device and a plurality of personal dialysis devices;
A cleaning liquid line connected to the RO water line;
A stock solution line connected to the A stock solution tank;
A plurality of upstream A stock solution branch lines branched from the A stock solution line;
A downstream A stock solution branch line connected to the dialysate supply line of each personal dialysis machine via a stock solution pump;
A first three-way valve connected to each downstream A stock branch line;
B stock solution line connected to the B stock solution tank;
A plurality of upstream B stock solution branch lines branched from the B stock solution line;
A downstream B stock solution branch line connected via a stock solution pump to a dialysate supply line included in each personal dialyzer;
A second three-way valve connected to each downstream B stock solution branch line;
One port of each first three-way valve is connected to the cleaning liquid line, the other port is connected to the upstream side A stock solution branch line, one port of each second three-way valve is connected to the cleaning liquid line, and the other port A method of cleaning a hemodialysis system connected to an upstream B stock solution branch line,
When any one of the plurality of personal dialysis machines ends the dialysis treatment, the first three-way valve causes the downstream A stock solution branch line connected to the personal dialysis machine finished the dialysis treatment and the upstream The flow path to the side A undiluted solution branch line is closed, the flow path to the downstream side A undiluted solution branch line and the washing solution line is formed, and the dialysis treatment is completed by the second three-way valve. The flow path between the connected downstream B stock solution branch line and the upstream B stock solution branch line is closed, and the flow path between the downstream B stock solution branch line and the cleaning solution line is formed, and the RO that flows through the formed flow path. A method for cleaning a hemodialysis system in which a dialysate supply line and a dialysate drainage line included in a personal dialyzer that has finished dialysis treatment are washed with water.

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