JPH019573Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a negative pressure type artificial dialysis device, and is particularly configured to circulate and supply hot water to disinfect the inside of the dialysate supply system.

[Conventional technology and its problems]

Negative pressure dialysis equipment removes waste products (e.g. protein metabolic end substances such as urea and creatinine) in the blood and poisons and drugs harmful to the human body by transferring them to the perfused dialysate through a dialysis membrane. , which is configured to perform dialysis by constantly applying a constant negative pressure to the perfusion dialysis side.

Conventionally, when cleaning and disinfecting this type of negative-pressure artificial dialysis machine, the conventional method was to use hot water, and to discard the hot water after passing it through the dialysis circuit once. .

However, these disinfection methods require a large amount of hot water to achieve complete disinfection, as the hot water is discarded after only one pass, and a large amount of thermal energy is required to obtain the hot water. Therefore,
The disadvantage is that there is a lot of heat-economic loss.

Conventionally, in this type of artificial dialysis machine, as a means of sterilizing the dialysate flow path, water is introduced, the inlet of the flow path and the drain port are interconnected, and sterilization is performed using hot water heated by a heater. A closed system configuration has been proposed (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 51-65467). However, in the conventional device, pumps are provided on the upstream and downstream sides of the dialyzer, and the pump on the upstream side applies a predetermined positive pressure to the dialysate, and the pump on the downstream side draws negative pressure from the dialysate. and configured to act as a suction pump for the deaerator,
Furthermore, a dedicated heater is separately provided to operate during sterilization, and a switching valve is provided to switch the connections between the water supply port, stock solution supply port, and drain port in order to switch from dialysis mode to sterilization mode.
The disadvantage is that the configuration is extremely complicated and the operation is complicated.

Therefore, as a result of various studies, the inventors of the present invention found that
A circulation pipe branching from the drainage system for heated wastewater discharged from a negative pressure pump is connected to the inlet side of the heating means installed in the dilution water supply system, and an on-off valve is installed in this circulation pipe to prevent dialysate during cleaning and disinfection. We discovered that by simply stopping the supply of stock solution and dilution water and opening the on-off valve, heated water can be easily circulated through the dialysate supply system, solving the problems of the conventional device described above. Ta.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to easily wash the dialysate supply system by sharing the heating means provided in the dilution water supply system during dialysis and washing.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a negative pressure type artificial dialysis device that has a simple configuration and is easy to operate.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the negative pressure type artificial dialysis apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a heating means 3 in advance of the dialysate stock solution and
The dialysate is mixed with dilution water heated to an appropriate temperature in step 6 to obtain a dialysate of a predetermined concentration, and this dialysate is passed through a negative pressure pump 42 for degassing installed in front of the dialyzer 10 to the outlet side of the dialyzer 10. The dialysate is supplied to the dialyzer 10 via a dialysate supply system 88 under the action of a negative pressure pump 58 provided at This is a negative pressure type artificial dialysis device which is short-circuited by a bypass pipe 70 equipped with a valve 72, and the dialysate is passed through the bypass pipe 70 to the inlet side of the heating means 36 provided in the dilution water supply system 24. In addition, a circulation pipe 74 for branching the drained liquid discharged from the negative pressure pump 58 is branched, and an automatic on-off valve 6 is installed in each of the drain system 62 and the circulation pipe 74.
During cleaning and disinfection, the proportional pumps 18 and 32 of the dialysate stock solution and dilution water are stopped, the automatic on-off valve 54 is closed, the automatic on-off valve 60 is simultaneously closed, and the automatic on-off valve 76 is opened. Particularly, a closed circuit 90 is formed, and heated water can be circulated within the closed circuit 90.

In the device of the present invention, when a closed circulation circuit is configured to circulate hot water during a disinfection operation, an amount of water corresponding to the amount of hot water lost by evaporation is automatically replenished into the circuit.

In this case, it is preferable in terms of thermoeconomics that a heat exchanger is attached upstream of the feed water heating motor, and that the make-up water is preheated by exchanging heat with circulating hot water in this heat exchanger.

In the device of the present invention, when replenishing water equivalent to evaporated hot water, the following three types of specific means can be employed as a special proportional pump, which will be described later.

1 Use a self-contained pump.

2. A general water supply pump and a check valve are connected in series, and a bypass pipe with an on-off valve is connected to this pump.

3 Use a general water supply pump and connect a bypass pipe with an on-off valve and a check valve connected in series to this pump.

Among these means, when using an on-off valve and a general water supply pump, when disinfecting with boiling water, the valve is opened and the pump is stopped to supply make-up water using water pressure, and a check valve prevents the backflow of circulating hot water. can be prevented.

〔Example〕

Next, embodiments of the negative pressure type artificial dialysis apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 indicates a dialyzer, and this dialyzer is of a negative pressure type in which negative pressure is applied to the dialysate side. First, during dialysis, a certain amount of the dialysate concentrate stored in the dialysate concentrate tank 12 is transferred to the concentrate chamber 14 and the filter 1.
6 into the stock solution supply system 20 by the proportional supply pump 18, and further passes through the check valve 22 and joins the dilution water supply system 24 to be diluted to a dialysate of a predetermined concentration. On the other hand, dilution water supply system 2
4, an automatic valve 26 from a water supply (not shown);
Dilution water is supplied via a pressure reducing valve 28, a pressure gauge 30, and a proportional pump 32, and this dilution water is further supplied to a heat exchanger 34 and a heater 3 as a heating means.
6 and then proportionally mixed with the dialysate stock solution. Proportional mixing of the dialysate stock solution and dilution water is achieved by proportional pumps 18 and 32, and specific means thereof include, for example, the proportional supply method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-39170, which is filed by the present applicant. A pump can be suitably used. The diluted dialysate (hereinafter simply referred to as dialysate) is supplied to a circulatory system consisting of a valve 38, a degassing chamber 40, a negative pressure pump 42, and a gas venting device 44 to prevent stagnation of the dialysate and to Part of it is the gas venting device 44
After the concentration is checked by a concentration meter 46, it is introduced into the dialyzer 10 via a complete valve 48, a manual valve 50, a flow meter 52, and an automatic opening/closing valve 54. The dialysate that has absorbed waste products from the blood in the dialyzer 10 is transferred by a negative pressure pump 58 through a pressure gauge 56, and then passed through a heat exchanger 34 and an automatic shut-off valve 60 to a drainage system (hereinafter referred to as a drainage system 62). ) is drained. As a method for maintaining the inside of the dialyzer 10 at negative pressure, a dialysate pressure regulating device using an automatic pressure regulating valve 64 disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-81997 related to the patent application filed by the present applicant is preferably used. Ru. Also, the heater outlet side of the dilution water supply system 24 and the dialysate supply system 8
Thermometers 68 are provided at appropriate locations in each of the dialysers 8 to check the temperature of the dialysate as needed.

In the negative pressure artificial dialysis apparatus configured as described above, a bypass pipe 70 is provided to short-circuit the connection terminals of the dialyzer 10 connected to the dialysate supply system 88, and an automatic on-off valve 72 is connected to the bypass pipe 70. death,
Further, from a part of the drainage system 62, the dilution water supply system 24
A circulation pipe 74 communicating with the inlet side of the heater 36
An on-off valve 76 is connected to the circulation pipe 74, and these automatic on-off valves 72 and 76 are kept closed during the dialysis operation.

Next, a case will be described in which the dialysate supply system 88 is cleaned and disinfected in the negative pressure type artificial dialysis apparatus having the above configuration.

In the washing operation, the three-way switching valve 86 is switched to wash the undiluted solution side of the proportional pump 18 with dilution water, and the inside of the piping is also washed with the dilution water discharged from the proportional pump 18.

Next, in the disinfection operation, prior to the disinfection operation, first the drive of the pump 18 of the stock solution supply system 20 is stopped to stop the supply of stock solution, and the dialyzer 1 of the dialysate supply system 88 is stopped.
0 and connect the bypass pipe 70, the valve 50 provided in the previous stage is opened and the valve 60 of the drainage system 62 is closed. Next, the automatic opening/closing valve 72 of the bypass pipe 70 that short-circuits the connection terminal side of the dialyzer 10 is opened, and the drainage system 62 and dilution water supply system 24 are opened.
The automatic opening/closing valve 76 of the circulation pipe 74 that communicates with the station is opened. By operating in this manner, the heated dilution water is circulated within the dialysate supply system 88. In this case, the dilution water supply system 24 is configured so that when tap water is used as a water supply source, water is automatically supplied or replenished to the dialysate supply system 88 only by tap pressure.
In this way, the dialysate supply system 88 is replenished with an amount of water equivalent to the evaporated hot water of the heated circulating water.

In addition, during the disinfection operation, the dialysate supply system 88
In order to replenish water appropriately, dilution water supply system 2 is installed.
As the proportional pump 32 connected to 4, a self-contained pump is preferably used. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2, a general centrifugal water pump 78 can be used in the dilution water supply system 24 with a check valve 80 connected to its discharge side. In this case, an automatic on-off valve 8 is installed between the suction side and the discharge side of the water supply pump 78.
A check valve is connected downstream of the bypass pipe connection part on the discharge side of the pump, and the automatic opening/closing valve 8 is connected during disinfection operation.
4 can be configured to be open.

As another alternative, as shown in FIG.
A bypass pipe 82 consisting of an automatic on-off valve 84 and a check valve 80 connected in series is connected between the suction side and the discharge side of this water supply pump 78, and the automatic on-off valve 84 is connected during the disinfection operation in the same way as described above. It can also be configured to open.

In addition, during the disinfection operation, the dialysate supply system 88 that constitutes the closed circuit 90 shown by the dotted line in FIG.
The temperature of the circulating water flowing inside is usually set at 83-92°C, preferably 87-90°C. Furthermore, makeup water that replenishes the decrease in circulating water due to evaporation of hot water is effectively preheated in the heat exchanger 34.

In this case, a portion of the heated water evaporates in the closed circuit 90, but this amount can be replenished by the water supply pressure even if the proportional pumps 18, 32 are stopped.

In this way, after boiling water disinfection, all the hot water in the dialysate supply system 88 is discarded by opening and closing the valves as appropriate, and then the dialysis operation circuit mentioned above is constructed and the proportional pumps 18, 32 are operated. By driving, artificial dialysis is restarted.

[Effect of idea]

As is clear from the embodiments described above, according to the device of the present invention, a dialysate of a predetermined concentration is obtained by mixing a dialysate stock solution and dilution water preheated to an appropriate temperature by the heating means 36, and this dialysate is The dialysate passes through the negative pressure pump 42 for deaeration installed in front of the dialyzer 10, and then the dialysate is pumped to the negative pressure pump 58 installed at the outlet side of the dialyzer 10.
The dialyzer 10 via the dialysate supply system 88 under the action of
A negative-pressure artificial dialysis device configured to supply a dialysate, and further short-circuited by a bypass pipe 70 equipped with an automatic opening/closing valve 72 between connection terminals of a dialyzer 10 connected to the dialysate supply system 88, A circulation pipe 74 is provided on the inlet side of the heating means 36 provided in the dilution water supply system 24 for allowing the dialysate to flow through the bypass pipe 70 and for branching the waste fluid discharged from the negative pressure pump 58. In addition to branching, the drainage system 62
Automatic opening/closing valves 60 and 76 are provided in each of the circulation pipes 74, and proportional pumps 18 and 32 for dialysate stock solution and dilution water are provided during cleaning and disinfection.
By stopping the automatic on-off valve 54 and closing the automatic on-off valve 60 and opening the automatic on-off valve 76, a closed circuit 90 is formed, and heated water is circulated within the closed circuit 90. By configuring the system so that it can do this, compared to conventional equipment, a sealed circuit can be formed only by operating the automatic on-off valve, and the equipment can be simplified by sharing the heating device, and it is also easier to switch to cleaning and disinfection operations. Therefore, the entire device can be manufactured at low cost.

In addition, in the dialysis apparatus of the present invention, a bypass pipe 82 equipped with an automatic opening/closing valve 84 is connected to the suction side and the discharge side of the water supply pump 78 provided in the dilution water supply system 24, and By connecting the check valves 80 to the dilution water supply system 24 downstream from the connection part of the valve 84, it is possible to automatically supply the required amount of heated water that has been evaporated during the cleaning operation, and in this case, the circulation Since it can be replenished via a heat exchanger that uses heated water, it is possible to save water and achieve excellent thermoeconomics, resulting in energy savings.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it goes without saying that various improvements and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a system diagram showing one embodiment of the negative pressure artificial dialysis device according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a system diagram showing another example of the configuration of the proportional pump connected to the dilution water supply system shown in Fig. 1. , FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing yet another example of the configuration of a proportional pump. 10... Dialyzer, 12... Dialysate tank, 14
... pump, 16 ... filter, 18, 32 ... proportional pump, 20 ... stock solution supply system, 22 ... check valve, 24 ... dilution water supply system, 26 ... automatic valve,
28... Pressure reducing valve, 30... Pressure gauge, 34... Heat exchanger, 36... Heater, 38... Valve, 40... Degassing chamber, 42... Negative pressure pump, 44... Gas venting device, 46... Concentration meter, 48... Safety valve, 50...
Valve, 52...Flowmeter, 54...Automatic valve, 56...
Pressure gauge, 58...Negative pressure pump, 60...Automatic opening/closing valve, 62...Drainage system, 64...Automatic pressure regulating valve, 66
... Circulation pipe, 68 ... Thermometer, 70 ... Bypass pipe, 72 ... Automatic on-off valve, 74 ... Circulation pipe, 76 ... Automatic on-off valve, 78 ... Water pump,
80...Check valve, 82...Bypass pipe, 84
...Automatic on-off valve, 86...Three-way switching valve, 88...
Dialysate supply system, 90... sealed circuit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] (1) A dialysate solution of a predetermined concentration is obtained by mixing the dialysate stock solution and dilution water that has been heated to an appropriate temperature by the heating means 36, and this dialysate is installed in front of the dialyzer 10. The dialysate 10 passes through a negative pressure pump 42 for degassing.
The dialyzer 10 is configured to be supplied to the dialyzer 10 via a dialysate supply system 88 under the action of a negative pressure pump 58 provided on the outlet side of the This is a negative pressure type artificial dialysis device in which the dilution water supply system 2 is short-circuited with a bypass pipe 70 equipped with an automatic opening/closing valve 72.
At the inlet side of the heating means 36 provided at 4, a circulation pipe 74 is branched to allow the dialysate to flow through the bypass pipe 70 and to branch the waste fluid discharged from the negative pressure pump 58. Automatic opening/closing valves 60, 76 are provided in each of the drainage system 62 and the circulation pipe 74, and during cleaning and disinfection, the proportional pumps 18, 32 of dialysate stock solution and dilution water are stopped, and the automatic opening/closing valve 54 is closed. At the same time, the automatic opening/closing valve 60 is closed and the automatic opening/closing valve 76 is opened to form a closed circuit 90, and heated water can be circulated within the closed circuit 90. Negative pressure artificial dialysis Device. (2) In the dilution water supply system 24, instead of the proportional pump 32, a water supply pump 78 and a check valve 80 are connected in series to the dilution water supply system 24, and the suction side of the water supply pump 78 and the water supply pump 78 are connected in series. The negative pressure type artificial dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, which is a registered utility model, wherein a bypass pipe having an automatic opening/closing valve 84 is connected between the discharge side of the dialysis machine and the check valve 80. (3) The dilution water supply system 24 is provided with a water supply pump 78 instead of the proportional pump 32, and an automatic on-off valve 84 is provided between the suction side and the discharge side of the water supply pump 78. Check valve 8
1. A negative pressure artificial dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, which is connected to a bypass pipe connected in series with 0 and 0.