JPH09319369A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a player possible to play a music introducing his own feeling by optionally setting up sound generating conditions such as tempo and volume even in the case of executing performance by a minus-one function. SOLUTION: Musical sound data constituted of plural parts including minus- one and tempo data for determining the sound generating condition of the musical sound data are previously stored in respective tracks of a data ROM 4. A keyboard 6 inputs the part musical sound data of a minus-one part. An input device 7 inputs new tempo data as velocity. A CPU 1 determines the tempo of the musical sound data stored in the ROM 4 by new tempo data inputted from the input device 7 independently of the tempo data stored in the ROM 4.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument for determining a tone generation condition for musical tone data composed of a plurality of parts.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an electronic musical instrument, musical tone data composed of three parts of melody, obligato, and automatic accompaniment is stored in a memory such as a ROM in advance, and one part, for example, a melody part is responsive to a switch operation. There is a minus one function that mutes the sound and plays the muted melody part on the keyboard. in this case,
The header portion of the tone data in the memory also stores control data for determining the tempo and the volume to general values for each song. Regarding the tempo, several clocks (for example, 5 clocks) are associated with a quarter note as one beat, and the cycle of the clock pulse is stored in the header section as tempo data. Therefore, the user plays the melody part in accordance with the tempo data and the volume data of the control data of the header part, and the music data stored in the memory including the two parts of obligato and automatic accompaniment is included. Can be played as a minus one. Especially,
Since the tempo and the volume of a song are predetermined to be general values for beginners, such a minus one function is effective for performance practice.

[0003]

However, in the case of the above-mentioned conventional electronic musical instrument, since the tempo data and the volume data of the header part are fixed values, the degree of freedom of the user is low, and the same performance result is obtained regardless of who plays. There is a problem that it is difficult for the user to empathize and it is difficult to perform a unique performance. An object of the present invention is to set a tone generation condition such as a tempo and a volume freely even when playing with a minus one function, so that a player can play with his or her own emotions.

[0004]

According to the present invention, there is provided storage means for storing tone data composed of a plurality of parts and control data for determining tone generation conditions of the tone data, and control data input for inputting new control data. Means and at least one
The musical tone data input means for inputting the part musical tone data of one part and the control means for deciding the tone generation condition of the musical tone data including the inputted part musical tone data by new control data are provided. With such a configuration, the tone generation condition of the tone data stored in the storage means is determined by the new control data input from the control data input means.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The first to fourth embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 10 by taking an electronic keyboard instrument as an example. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system of an electronic keyboard musical instrument common to each embodiment. The CPU 1 controls the program ROM 3, the data ROM 4, the RAM 5, the keyboard 6, the input device 7, the switch unit 8, the MIDI IN interface 9, the MIDIOUT interface 10, and the sound source 11 which are connected to the bus 2. The program ROM 3 has a CPU 1
The operation program of is stored. The data ROM 4 stores song data and automatic accompaniment data in advance. The RAM 5 temporarily stores the data processed by the CPU 1. On the keyboard 6, the key number, that is, the pitch and the strength of key depression, that is, the velocity are input. The input device 7 is a switch that is turned on / off by a hand or a foot, but as described later, the velocity can be input similarly to the keyboard 6. The switch section 8 selects a track of a music piece to be played and a recording / playback mode. MIDI I
The N interface 9 and the MIDI OUT interface 10 exchange musical tone data with an external device (not shown). A waveform data memory 12 and an amplifier 13 are connected to the sound source 11, and a speaker 14 is connected to the amplifier 13. The sound source 11 outputs an audio signal based on the waveform data read from the waveform data memory 12 according to a command from the CPU 1 from the speaker 14 via the amplifier 13.

FIG. 2 shows the format of each piece of music data stored in the data ROM 4, which is composed of a header portion 21 and a track portion 22. The header portion 21 stores tempo data and volume data that determine the tempo and volume of each song. The tempo data is represented by the number B of clock pulses per beat (in this case, “5”) and the period T. The track section 22 includes a melody track 23, an obligato track 24, and an automatic accompaniment track 25. The melody track 23 is a minus one track, and can be muted and changed to another melody part input from the keyboard 6.

FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the switch section 8 and RE
In addition to the CORD key 31, the START / STOP key 32, various key switches for selecting a track are provided as described below. DEMO1 key 33, DE
The MO2 key 34 selects a track of the data ROM 4 in which music data is recorded in advance. USERS1
The key 35 and the USERS2 key 36 select a track in the RAM 5 in which the user can record music data. Cloc
kTrack1 key 37, ClockTrack2 key 38, ClockTrack3 key 39, ClockT
The rack4 key 40 is used for DEMO1 and DEMO, respectively.
2. Select clock tracks of USERS1 and USERS2. VolumeTrack1 key 41, Vol
umeTrack2 key 42, VolumeTrack
3 key 43, VolumeTrack 4 key 44 are DEMO1, DEMO2, USERS1 and USE, respectively.
Select the volume track of RS2.

When each key is turned on (START / STO
LED for P key 32 when START)
Is provided. And for playback, START /
When the STOP key 32 is turned on, DEMO1 and DEM
LE of O2, USERS1 and USERS2 tracks
The music data of the selected arbitrary track in which D is lit is reproduced. In case of recording, RECORD key 31
When is turned on, data is recorded on any selected track, of which the LED is lit, among the tracks other than DEMO1 and DEMO2. In this case, music data is recorded on the USERS track, clock data is recorded on the clock track, and volume data is recorded on the volume track.

Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment, the tempo data in the header portion 21 of the music data stored in the data ROM 4 is replaced with the tempo based on the data input from the input device 7. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the CPU 1 in the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, the tempo data of the header portion 21 which is the default value is set to the clock pulse period (step S11). For example, FIG. 5 (A)
At, the clock pulse period is set to T ₀ . Then, the input device 7 is scanned and the TimingClock is
It is determined whether or not (whether or not it is turned on) (step S12), and if there is TimingClock, the register TimingClo of the current clock timing is determined.
The input TimingClock is set in ck [0] (step S13).

Next, the clock timing immediately before is Ti.
If mingClock [1] is set, the clock pulse period is calculated by the following equation (step S1).
4). (TimingClock [0] -TimingClo
ck [1]) / B As shown in FIG. 5A, when the input device 7 is first turned on at t1 and then the input device 7 is turned on at t2, the data of TimingClock [1] is At t1,
The data of TimingClock [0] becomes t2,
The clock pulse period Ta is Ta = (t
2-t1) / B = ta / B. Therefore, after t2, the clock pulse having the pulse period Ta is transmitted. After that, when the input device 7 is turned on at t3, Ti
The data of mingClock [1] is t2, and Timi
The data of ngClock [0] becomes t3, and the clock pulse period Tb is Tb = (t3-t
2) / B = tb / B. Therefore, after t3, the clock pulse having the pulse period Tb is transmitted. After this,
When the input device 7 is turned on at t4, Timin
The data of gClock [1] is t3, and TimingC
The data of lock [0] becomes t4, and the clock pulse period Tc is Tc = (t4−t3) / B from the above formula.
= Tc / B. Therefore, after t4, the clock pulse having the pulse period Tc is transmitted. Note that step S
In 14, the previous TimingClock is Ti
If not set to mingClock [1],
No calculation is performed.

Next, a clock pulse is transmitted according to the obtained clock pulse period (step S15). And the register Timing of the current clock timing
The data of Clock [0] is set in the register TimingClock [1] of the immediately preceding clock timing (step S16). After that, the process proceeds to step S12, the input device 7 is scanned, and the processes of steps S12 to S16 are repeated. Therefore,
By operating the input device 7 to obtain a rhythm, that is, a beat (tempo), the performance tempo of the music data stored in the data ROM 4 can be freely changed.

As described above, according to the first embodiment,
The tempo data, which is the tone generation condition of the tone data stored in the data ROM 4, is determined by the control data of the new timing clock input from the input device 7.
Therefore, even when playing with the minus one function, it is possible to freely set the tempo and perform with a feeling of empathy.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the second embodiment, the volume data of the header portion 21 of the music data stored in the data ROM 4 is replaced with the volume data based on the data from the input device 7. FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the CPU 1 in the second embodiment. In FIG. 6, the volume register al
The initial value of lvol is set to the volume data of the header section 21 which is the default value (step S21).
Then, it is determined whether or not the input device 7 is turned on by scanning (step S22). When the input device 7 is turned on, the velocity value of the input device 7 is set in the register v
elocity (step S23), vel
Volume data converted from the ocity data by the staircase wave graph shown in FIG. 7 is set in allvol (step S24). M of allvol shown in FIG.
In and max are determined from the obligato track volume data and the automatic accompaniment track volume data in the track section 22 of the data ROM 4 shown in FIG. Then, depending on the velocity data, al
An arbitrary value of lvol from min to max is set. After that, the process shifts to step S22 to scan whether the input device 7 is turned on, and the processes of steps S22 to S24 are repeated.

As described above, according to the second embodiment,
The volume data, which is the tone generation condition of the tone data stored in the data ROM 4, is determined by using the velocity value input from the input device 7 as control data. Therefore, even when playing with the minus one function, it is possible to freely set the volume and perform a performance in which one's emotions can be transferred.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the third embodiment, the volume data in the header portion 21 of the music data stored in the data ROM 4 is replaced with the volume data based on the minus one-track keyboard performance data. In FIG. 8, the initial value of the volume register allvol is set to the volume data of the header section 21 which is the default value (step S31). Then, it is determined by scanning whether the key of the keyboard 6 is turned on (step S32). When the key is turned on, the velocity value when the key is turned on is set in the register velocity (step S3).
3), volume data converted from the velocity data by the graph shown in FIG. 7 is set in allvol (step S24). Allvol shown in FIG.
Similarly to the second embodiment, the min and max are determined from the obligato track volume data and the automatic accompaniment track volume data in the track section 22 of the data ROM 4 shown in FIG. And veloc
min to ma of allvol according to the data of the
An arbitrary value up to x is set. After this, step S3
The process shifts to 2 to scan whether or not the key of the keyboard 6 is turned on, and the processes of steps S32 to S34 are repeated.

As described above, according to the third embodiment,
The volume data, which is the tone generation condition of the musical sound data stored in the data ROM 4, is determined by using the velocity value of the key-on input from the keyboard 6 as the control data. Therefore, even when playing with the minus one function, it is possible to freely set the volume and perform a performance in which one's emotions can be transferred.

Next explained is the fourth embodiment of the invention. In the fourth embodiment, the tone generation conditions set in the first to third embodiments are stored in the RAM 5 and reflected in the performance of the music data. FIG. 9 shows the format of music data in this embodiment, which is the data ROM 4 shown in FIG.
In addition to the data stored in, the data of the timing clock track 26 and the volume track 27 set by the user is stored in the RAM 5. For example,
When the tempo data is recorded on the clock track 26 of the song data of DEMO1, R of the switch unit 8 shown in FIG.
With the ECODE key 31 turned on and the ClockTrack1 key 37 turned on, as described in the first embodiment,
The input device 7 is operated to record clock timing data (clock pulse period). Also, when recording volume data on the volume track 27 of the music data of DEMO1, the RECODE key 31 is turned on, and the Volu
When the meTrack1 key 41 is turned on, the second or the third
As described in the embodiment, the input device 7 or the keyboard 6 is operated to record the volume data. DEMO2, US
The same applies when recording the music data of ERS1 and USERS2 on the clock track 26 or the volume track 27.

Next, when reproducing the music data in accordance with the contents recorded in the clock track 26 and the volume track 27, the tempo and the volume are determined according to the combination of key presses. That is, as shown in FIG.
When both the ockTrack key and the VolumeTrack key are turned on, the music data is reproduced at the clock timing of the clock track 26 and the volume data of the volume track 27. ClockTrac
When the k key is on and the VolumeTrack key is off, the music data is reproduced with the clock timing of the clock track 26 and the volume data of the header section 21. Volume with the ClockTrack key off
When the Track key is on, the music data is reproduced with the clock timing of the header portion 21 and the volume data of the volume track 27. ClockTrac
When both the k key and the VolumeTrack key are off, the music data is reproduced at the clock timing and volume data of the header section 21.

When the music data is reproduced at the clock timing of the clock track 26, the data of the pulse period already calculated in the first embodiment together with the data of the time when the input device 7 is turned on together with the clock track 26.
, T1, t2, Ta t2, t3, Tb t3, t4, Tc ... Are recorded, so that the data of the pulse period is read out and the clock pulse is transmitted without any calculation.
That is, as shown in FIG. 5B, a clock pulse having a pulse period Ta is transmitted from the time t1 when the input device 7 is turned on, a clock pulse having a pulse period Tb is transmitted from the time t2, and a pulse is transmitted from the time t3. A clock pulse with a period Tc is transmitted. Therefore, unlike the first embodiment, the clock pulse having the immediately preceding pulse period is not dragged.

As described above, according to the fourth embodiment,
The music data can be played at the tempo and volume desired by the user. Therefore, even when playing with the minus one function, it is possible to freely set the tempo and volume and perform a performance in which one's emotions can be transferred. Moreover, since the performance tempo changes in synchronization with the tempo change operation, the tempo control can be performed without discomfort.

In the above embodiments, the electronic keyboard instrument having the minus one function has been described as an example, but the present invention can be applied to the electronic string instrument, the electronic wind instrument and other electronic instruments having the minus one function. it can.

In the second and third embodiments, the volume data is converted from velocity data by the graph of the staircase wave shown in FIG. 7 and set to allvol. Not limited to this, a graph of an appropriate function is used in consideration of the characteristics of the input device 7 and the keyboard 6, the velocity value, the obliguard track, and the balance with the automatic accompaniment track.

[0023]

According to the present invention, the tone generation condition of the musical sound data stored in the storage means is determined by the new control data input from the control data input means. Therefore, even when playing with the minus one function, it is possible to freely set the sounding conditions such as the tempo and the volume, and perform a performance in which one's own emotions can be transferred.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system configuration in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a format of music data in a data ROM in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an operation surface of a switch section in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the CPU in the first embodiment of the present invention.

5A is a timing chart of clock pulses in the first embodiment, and FIG. 5B is a timing chart of clock pulses in the fourth embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a CPU in the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing characteristics of volume data with respect to velocity values input from an input device or a keyboard.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a CPU according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a diagram showing a format of music data including data stored in a RAM shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing sounding conditions according to combinations of key operations in the switch section.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 CPU 4 Data ROM 5 RAM 6 Keyboard 7 Input device 8 Switch part

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. Storage means for storing musical tone data composed of a plurality of parts and control data for determining a sounding condition of the musical tone data; control data inputting means for inputting new control data; and at least one part. Electronic sound data inputting means for inputting the part musical sound data, and control means for determining a sounding condition of the musical sound data including the input part musical sound data by the new control data. Musical instrument. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the control means determines a tempo of a musical sound generated by the new control data. 3. The control means calculates the cycle of a clock pulse according to the input interval of the new control data, and determines the tempo based on the calculation result. Electronic musical instrument. 4. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the control means determines the volume of a musical sound to be generated by the new control data. 5. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the control means determines the volume of the part tone data of another part according to the input part tone data. 6. The storage means stores the input new control data, and the control means stores either the previously stored control data or the new control data in accordance with an operation. The electronic musical instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electronic musical instrument is read out from a means to determine a sounding condition of the musical sound data.