JPH09313049A - Mulching material and mulching method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mulching material preventing soil erosion, controlling soil temperature, suppressing weed, improving rate of work and useful for a forest industry, etc., by mixing a material having a granular shape, etc., as a main material with a prescribed amount of a specific connecting material, then adding a bonding agent and blending. SOLUTION: This mulching material is obtained by uniformly mixing a material composed of either one or a mixture of granular or chip-like woody chips or branches having an earth surface protecting effect and about 2-50mm granular diameter or length, or peeled bark pieces or crushed coconut husks having about 2-100mm length as a main material with a connecting material having about same specific gravity as the main material and a granular diameter (size) capable of filling gaps among individual main materials, such as peat- moss or crushed coconut husks having <=5mm mesh are uniformly mixed with the main material in 10-90vol% to 100vol % of the main material, adding bonding agent such as a powdery vinyl acetate-based adhesive having a powdery shape in a dry state before the use and exhibiting adhesiveness in adding water, and blending.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a mulching material and a mulching method used for coating the surface of soil during plant growth, and particularly to prevention of soil erosion, retention of soil moisture, regulation of soil temperature, control of weeds. The present invention relates to a surface protection material and a surface protection method that are extremely effective.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a mulching material for protecting the surface of the earth, the following construction has been conventionally known. That is, a tension-type protective material made by mixing crushed bark, crushed wood pieces, and compost with an asphalt-based adhesive, and crushed stones or clay-burned materials with a size of about 10 to 50 mm alone. , Or two types of self-weight type protective materials prepared in a mixed state, the former is a protective material laid on the surface of the earth and is tamped from above with a scoop, roller, or vibrator, and then mixed in advance. The asphalt-based adhesive was pressed against a material such as crushed bark or a piece of wood, whereby the constituent materials of the protective material were fixed to each other.

First, regarding the former tension-type protective material, since the sizing agent having the pressure-sensitive adhesive property is mixed in this material as described above, the material itself is slightly sticky and therefore, in use. Not only does the material stick to the inner surface of the bag when it is taken out from the storage bag and it is difficult to remove it from the packaging bag, but the material sticks to the leaves and stems of the plant unless the work is done very carefully during the construction. There was a problem that a good finished surface could not be obtained. On top of that, since the mulching effect cannot be obtained just by spraying the protective material, it was necessary to apply pressure from above with a scoop or the like after spraying. When there is a plant of low plant height in the construction site during tension, the plant is often damaged by a scoop, and if the tension is suppressed, the protective material cannot settle on the ground surface, so the desired effect should be expressed. It contained a fatal defect that it could not be obtained. In short, conventional tension-type protective materials cannot be adhered in a planar manner due to the fact that the tension cannot reach them, and the material was only point-bonded at best, or it was poor in durability. In addition, it was troublesome in terms of workability.

On the other hand, in the latter self-weight type protective material, it suffices to simply lay the materials on the surface of the earth, but since it is a system that attempts to fix the material on the surface of the earth by utilizing the weight of the material, the weight of the material itself is small. Therefore, there is a problem in that a large amount of labor is required for carrying-in work and paving work during construction. In addition, when the construction is performed on a sloping ground, there is a problem that the weight of the material acts negatively and the material slides downward, so there is a restriction that it can be applied only to a flat ground. Furthermore, if these materials are scattered on the road after construction, pedestrians may step on them and fall,
This was a cause of causing a vehicle slip accident. In addition to this, since the material is an inorganic substance, corrosion and decomposition did not proceed, and therefore, it could not be mixed into the soil even when the plant was replanted. That is, the aforementioned self-weight type mulching material does not assimilate into the soil forever, and therefore, when replanting a plant, there is an inconvenience that the mulching material is once removed from the ground surface and then mulched again.

[0005]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention is intended to eliminate all of the above-mentioned drawbacks and problems of the conventional type. First, it is possible to reduce the weight of the mulching material itself. This makes it easy to carry in and construct materials, and eventually to reduce transportation costs. Second, in order to improve workability during construction, the mulching material itself is kept in a dry state without any stickiness before and during the application of the material, and at the same time, no conventional pressing work is required during construction. It was designed so that it can be trained. Third, it should be possible to evenly spread the roots even where there are plants with low plant height or in densely planted areas. Fourth, mulching materials regardless of slope or flat ground. After laying and leveling
The present invention aims to provide a novel mulching material and a mulching method by which these materials are adhered to each other in a planar manner so that the materials do not run away even in the event of wind and rain.

By the way, in a mulching material used for trees (high trees) that do not need to be replanted such as street trees, a relatively heavy inorganic main material or tie material can be used as a material. However, in the present invention, it is possible to fill the space between the main materials with the connecting material and at the same time to bond the materials to each other in a planar manner by the bonding agent.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems Here, the present invention provides:
A granular or chip-shaped material that has a surface protection effect is used as the main material, and with the purpose of enhancing the fixing action of this main material on the ground surface, it has the same specific gravity as the main material and fills the gaps between the main materials. A binder which uniformly mixes a binder having a possible particle size (size) in a volume ratio of 10 to 90%, and which is powdery before use and exhibits adhesiveness when watered. This is a proposal for a mulching material characterized by adding and mixing.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, a main material composed of an organic or inorganic granular or chip-shaped material has the same specific gravity as that of the main material, and the gap between the main materials can be filled. A binder having a uniform particle size (size) is uniformly mixed in a volume ratio of 10 to 90%, and a binder that is powdery before use and exhibits adhesiveness when water is added is added. After laying the mulching material consisting of on the surface of the ground, sprinkling fresh water on the surface, or mulching method of applying by applying the following liquid bonding agent in which the adhesive is dissolved is included. . As the liquid bonding agent, a polymer resin emulsion-based bonding agent diluted to about 5 to 20% can be used, and this liquid bonding agent may be sprinkled after watering to further enhance the adhesive effect.

By the way, in carrying out the present invention, it is possible to simply spread the mulching material having the above-mentioned structure on the ground surface, and even in that case, the bonding agent is dissolved by rain and the materials are fixed on the ground surface. It can be done. When each of the above materials is in a dry state, it repels water even if water is applied, which is so-called water repellency, so when it is significant, a surfactant for promoting water absorption is preliminarily added to the mulching material. Alternatively, it is advisable to spread the mulching material and then apply the water absorption promoter afterwards. By doing so, the adhesive effect between the materials can be obtained at an early stage.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As described above, according to the present invention, by combining a main material having a different grain size composition and a binder, the gap between the main materials is filled with the binder which is a secondary material, and the gap is closely adhered. It is designed to enhance the property and thereby exhibit the concealment effect of the ground surface which is not inferior to the conventional tension type protective material. The main material is 1) crushed wood, lumber waste wood, forest thinning wood, etc., crushed or crushed into chips. 2) Granules or rods with a diameter of 2 to 30 mm 2) Discharged at lumber factories Thin pieces or sawdust-like material of about 2 to 30 mm, such as canna debris 3) Grinded products such as branches obtained as pruning waste material for street trees, granular or rod-shaped material of about 2 to 50 mm 4) Sawmill 2 to 100 mm crushed bark debris obtained as harbor waste and harbor waste 5) Crushing material for palm shells (husk blocks etc.) 6) Non-corrosive crop remnants (corn and pineapple) obtained as agricultural waste Stems and leaves) 7) Fallen leaves, twigs, etc. discharged during planting management 8) Crushed stones of small particle size and mineral burning materials (eg pottery scraps,
Perlite, lightweight aggregate, etc.) The materials listed above are appropriately used as the main material depending on the application.

The tie material, which is a submaterial, has a water-absorbing power with respect to water or an aqueous adhesive solution, and it is preferable that the volume change is small during water absorption and during drying. Further, since it is used for filling the gap of the main material, it is desirable that the particle size is as small as possible. Specifically, it is preferable to use peat moss, crushed coconut shell, sawdust and the like containing 70% or more of 5 mm mesh or less. 3 other crushed cedar products
Those that pass 0 mm mesh and SIC by international soil classification
Soil classified as SICL SIL CL L SL LSS containing 80% or more of 3 mm meter mesh or less and compost (including 70% or more of 10 mm mesh or less),
It can be used as a connecting material.

[0012] Next, as an example of what can be used as a bonding agent (adhesive), vinyl acetate adhesives, acrylic resin adhesives, etc. may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds. it can. If the amount is extremely small, a conventional asphalt adhesive can be used together. When this adhesive is mixed with the main material / connecting material, it is added in a powdered state.
The amount added is preferably about 0.05 to 1% by weight per unit volume.

Next, the adhesive which should be added to the mulching material of the present invention will be described. This adhesive is
After the above-mentioned bonding agent is dissolved by water, it dries under the influence of wind and rain until it dries and develops an adhesive effect, in other words, until the spread material is fixed on the ground surface. It is used for the purpose of preventing it. As the adhesive, it is preferable to use a marine product thickener such as an anionic polymer resin or sodium alginate or a starch thickener such as pregelatinized starch. These adhesives exert the adhesive action of water faster than the solidifying action of the bonding agent, so adding this adhesive will prevent the material from running away due to its adhesiveness. Will increase. In addition, even if a part of the surface layer of the mulching material that has been spread and once consolidated due to trampling is peeled off, the addition of an adhesive promotes the re-solidification of the mulching material in the lower layer. The action to do is exhibited.

The above-mentioned pressure-sensitive adhesive is a substance that is powdery when dried before use but exhibits viscosity when water is added.
Even after drying once, it becomes viscous repeatedly every time it is watered, so adding this helps to fix the spread material in place.

As described above, in the present invention, the following water absorption accelerator can be preliminarily added to the above-mentioned materials. That is, powdered glycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester or polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, etc.
One or more selected from surfactants having an HLB value of 8 to 18 are preferably preliminarily added as a water absorption promoter.

[0016]

EXAMPLES An example of the mulching material and the mulching method of the present invention will be specifically described below. The following materials were uniformly mixed with a mixer to give a mulching material. Main material: Cedar-like felled wood chip material of about 1 cm square on average 60% by volume Binder: 40% by volume of Canadian peat moss (fine particles of 16 mm mesh or less) Adhesive: Acrylic resin-based adhesive (Commercial product = Kurita Kogyo Clicoat 750) (20 g added to 40 liters of the main material and tie material) Adhesive: Anionic polymer resin (commercial product = Kurita Kogyo Clicoat 402) (the main material and tie material 40
Water absorption promoter: Nonionic surfactant (commercial product = Honshu Rinko Rain Power) (20 g added to 40 liters of the main material and tie material)

A mulching material obtained by uniformly mixing the above materials in the above proportion was evenly spread on the ground surface of the park green zone. The thickness of this mulching material when spread on the ground surface is about 2 to 5 cm, but it is preferable to spread it to a thickness of at least 2 cm or more. Further, in carrying out this method, after spreading the above-mentioned mulching material, a vinyl acetate resin-based adhesive (commercial product = Kurita Kogyo Clicoat 710) was diluted in water 10 times to prepare an aqueous solution. This product was sprayed from above at a rate of 500 grams per square meter. As described above, when it is attempted to develop a stabilizing effect (fixing effect) by sprinkling only water without spreading the adhesive aqueous solution after the mulching material is spread, as described above, It is preferable to increase the blending ratio to about 2 to 3 times the above.

When the product of the present invention is used as a mulching material for a relatively large tree such as a roadside tree that does not require replanting, the grain size or major axis is 2
It is possible to use crushed stone of about 50 mm or about 50 mm or so as a main material and a calcined material of minerals such as porcelain scraps, pearlite, and lightweight aggregate. It is possible to obtain a mulching material for tall trees by adding sanding agent and then adding the above-mentioned bonding agent, and then optionally adding an adhesive or the like if necessary.

[0019]

As described above, the mulching material of the present invention is
The main material and the binder with different particle size composition were mixed with a powdered bonding agent, and the gaps between the main materials were filled with the binder. It is possible to spread it evenly and irrespective of the condition of the ground, and on it, it is possible to spray the ground surface evenly and without damaging trees and flower plants. Also,
Not only can it be made much lighter than the conventional self-weight type protective material, but the spread protective effect is fully exerted because the spread protective material is fixed to the ground surface with a bonding agent. Furthermore, since it is not necessary to mechanically press and fix it again after spraying it like the conventional tension type protective material, it is excellent in working efficiency. Especially, it was very difficult to apply the pressure to plants with low plant height and densely planted areas, but this inconvenience can be eliminated. In addition to this, it is possible to effectively use the fallen wood and waste materials that are treated as waste, and at the same time, it is possible to process thinned wood that has hardly been found to be used in the past into chips and use it. It has an excellent industrial effect in that it can contribute to the development of forestry.

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A grain size (size) that uses a granular or chip-like material having a surface protection effect as a main material and has a specific gravity similar to that of the main material and that can be filled in a gap between the main materials.
After uniformly mixing the tie material having a ratio of 10 to 90% by volume with respect to the main material, a binder which is powdery before use and which exhibits adhesiveness when water is added to the main material, A mulching material characterized by being mixed. 2. A wood chip or branch having a particle size or major axis of about 2 to 50 mm or a major axis of 2 to 100 m.
The mulching material according to claim 1, which comprises bark flakes or crushed pieces of coconut shells having a size of m or so as to be used as a main material in a single or mixed state. 3. The mulching material according to claim 1, wherein a crushed peat moss or coconut shell having a size of about 5 mm mesh or less is used as a connecting material. 4. A mulching material used for high trees, etc. that do not need to be replanted, and is mainly composed of crushed stone having a particle size or major axis of about 2 to 50 mm, or a mineral burning material such as pottery mill ends or perlite or lightweight aggregate. The mulching material according to claim 1, wherein the mulching material is used together with soil or sand having a specific gravity substantially equal to that of the main material. 5. A powdered vinyl acetate adhesive or acrylic resin adhesive is added as a bonding agent which has a property of being powdery during drying (before use) and solidifying upon re-drying after absorbing water. The mulching material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises: 6. An anionic polymer resin or a marine product extract such as sodium alginate or a starch thickener is added as an adhesive or thickener.
6. The mulching material according to any one of 1 to 5. 7. A water absorption promoter as a powdery glycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, saccharose fatty acid ester or polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, etc.
The mulching material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein 1 or 2 or more selected from a surfactant having an LB value of 8 to 18 is added. 8. A grain diameter (size) having a specific gravity similar to that of the main material and capable of being filled in a gap between the main materials with respect to a main material composed of an organic or inorganic granular or chip-shaped material. A mulching material made by uniformly mixing the tie material having a volume ratio of 10 to 90% and adding a bonding agent that is powdery before use and exhibits adhesiveness when water is added to the ground surface. A mulching method characterized by spraying water on the surface after dripping. 9. A grain diameter (size) having a specific gravity similar to that of the main material and capable of being filled in a gap between the main materials with respect to a main material composed of an organic or inorganic granular or chip-shaped material. A mulching material made by uniformly mixing the tie material having a volume ratio of 10 to 90% and adding a bonding agent that is powdery before use and exhibits adhesiveness when water is added to the ground surface. After that, a mulching method is characterized in that a liquid polymer resin emulsion-based bonding agent diluted to about 5 to 20% is sprayed on the surface by post-coating. 10. After spreading the mulching material on the surface of the ground,
10. The mulching method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein a fresh water or liquid bonding agent to be subsequently applied contains a water absorption promoter composed of a surfactant for enhancing a water permeation effect.