JPH092886A - Treatment of organic waste and equipment therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide an organic waste treatment capable of efficiently performing fermentation and decomposition of the organic waste by effectively using a fermentation and decomposition type fermenting microorganism making volume of the organic waste about zero. CONSTITUTION: This organic substance-treating method is an organic waste treating method wherein the inside of a receiving tank 1 received with the organic waste is stirred by a stirring mechanism 20, simultaneously a hot air heated with a heater is circulated in the receiving tank 1 and the organic waste is fermented while heating and stirring the organic waste in the tank. The organic waste is thrown into the receiving tank 1 and a fermenting operation is performed so that the organic waste becomes a prescribed fermenting temperature only in a prescribed fermenting operation time, then the operation is switched to a drying operation, and the drying operation is performed so that the organic waste becomes the prescribed drying temperature only in a prescribed drying operation time.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic waste treatment method and apparatus for fermenting and drying organic waste such as garbage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When processing a large amount of food waste such as leftover food and leftover food from a food service center, catering industry, restaurant, etc., they are collected and put into a fermenter together with fermenting microorganisms, and the inside of the tank is heated and stirred. However, an organic waste treatment method in which raw garbage is fermented and dried by the fermentation action of microorganisms to be treated is becoming widespread.

[0003]

In addition, in this type of organic waste treatment method, in recent years, fermentation and decomposition such that the organic waste is converted to water and carbon dioxide gas by fermentation treatment so that the volume thereof becomes almost zero. A type of fermenting microorganism has been developed, and it has been attempted to ferment and decompose raw garbage that is thrown in every day in about one day, while eliminating the raw garbage that is thrown in every day.

However, the garbage generally has a water content of 8
0-90% and water content suitable for fermentation of fermenting microorganisms (50-
It is considerably higher than 60%), and it is necessary to add a large amount of a water adjusting material such as sawdust and the like together with raw garbage, and treat it so that the water content is suitable for fermentation.

Water-regulating materials such as sawdust are hardly fermented / decomposed by this type of fermenting microorganisms, and their volumes are hardly reduced. Even if it almost disappeared, there was a problem that a moisture conditioner containing a considerable amount of moisture remained there.

For this reason, when the raw garbage is put into the next day for processing, the raw garbage cannot be efficiently fermented and decomposed unless more water is added to adjust the water content. However, there is a problem that the fermentation / decomposition type fermenting microorganisms that make the volume of organic waste almost zero cannot be effectively used.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is a fermentation / reduction method for reducing the volume of organic waste to almost zero.
An object of the present invention is to provide an organic waste treatment method and an apparatus for the same, which can effectively use decomposing type fermenting microorganisms.

[0008]

To this end, according to the method for treating organic waste of the present invention, the inside of the storage tank containing the organic waste is stirred by the stirring mechanism and the hot air heated by the heater is stored in the storage tank. In the organic waste treatment method of fermenting the organic waste while heating and stirring the organic waste in the tank, after introducing the organic waste into the storage tank, only a preset fermentation operation time, The fermentation operation is performed so that the organic waste reaches the set fermentation temperature, then the drying operation is switched to, and the drying operation is performed so that the organic waste reaches the set drying temperature for a preset drying operation time. And

Further, the apparatus is provided with a stirring mechanism for rotating and driving a stirring blade in a storage tank for containing organic waste,
A hot air passage is disposed below the bottom of the storage tank, a heater for heating the interior of the storage tank is disposed above the storage tank, and the upper portion of the storage tank and the hot air passage are connected by a duct to connect the hot air in the hot air passage. In the organic waste treatment device that is equipped with a blower that blows air into the upper part of the storage tank so as to circulate the hot air, the waste temperature is located near the bottom of the storage tank and detects the temperature of the organic waste. A sensor, a temperature setter that sets the set fermentation temperature and set drying temperature during operation, a timer that sets the fermentation operating time and drying operating time, and heats the organic waste in the storage tank to the set fermentation temperature. Control device for controlling the fermentation operation for controlling the vessel and the drying operation for controlling the heater so that the organic waste reaches the set drying temperature by switching between the fermentation operation time and the drying operation time set in advance With The features.

[0010]

[Operation / Effect] In such an organic waste treatment method and apparatus, first, an appropriate amount of organic waste such as garbage and a water conditioner such as sawdust and fermenting microorganisms (organic waste volume Fermentation / decomposition type microorganisms) that is almost zero are added. Then, the heater, the blower, and the stirring mechanism are operated to circulate the hot air in the hot air passage and the storage tank to heat the inside of the storage tank to the preset fermentation temperature and stir the organic waste in the tank. Meanwhile, the organic waste is fermented by the fermenting microorganisms.

This fermentation operation is performed for a preset time, and the temperature of the organic waste in the storage tank is maintained at a temperature suitable for fermentation. During this period, the fermentation by the fermenting microorganisms is promoted, and the fermentation / decomposition decomposes the organic waste into water, carbon dioxide gas, etc., and the volume of the waste is reduced. It becomes zero, and the moisture conditioner remains.

Thereafter, the drying operation is started, the temperature in the storage tank is raised to a drying temperature higher than the fermentation temperature, and the stirring mechanism is continuously operated to perform the drying operation. This drying operation is
It is carried out for a predetermined set drying time, whereby the residue of the organic waste and the water in the water content adjusting material are efficiently evaporated, and the inside of the storage tank is in a dry state, and the operation ends.

As described above, after the fermentation operation, since the drying operation in which the temperature is raised and the stirring is continuously performed is carried out, the water contained in the water content adjusting material charged together with the garbage is evaporated, and the storage tank is evaporated. It is possible to finish the processing by setting the inside to a good dry state. For this reason, when the next organic waste such as raw garbage is input, the organic waste and the fermenting microorganisms are simply added without adding a water-adjusting material, and good fermentation / decomposition is carried out to perform organic waste. Can be repeatedly processed. Further, in general, when raw garbage is kept at the fermentation temperature, larvae (maggots) are likely to be generated, but by increasing the temperature and performing a drying operation, the generation of larvae can be suppressed.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the organic waste treatment apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a right side view thereof.

1 is a storage tank for containing the organic waste A,
It has a curved bottom wall 4, and the input hatch 2 is at the top,
A take-out hatch 3 is provided to be openable and closable. Further, along the rear side wall 5 and the bottom wall 4 of the storage tank 1, a heating duct portion 6 through which warm air can pass is provided.

The heating duct portion 6 is communicated with the upper portion inside the storage tank 1 through a communication port 9 provided on the upper portion of the rear side wall 5, and a meandering partition plate 8 is disposed on the bottom portion, and the heating wall portion 6 is provided on the bottom wall 4. A meandering hot air passage 7 is formed, and a connection port 10 for connecting a circulation duct 15 is provided at one end thereof. Since the heating duct portion 6 having such a large surface area is arranged in contact with the back side wall 5 and the bottom wall 4 of the storage tank 1, the thermal conductivity to the storage tank 1 is good,
The storage tank 1 has a structure capable of efficiently receiving the conductive heat from the heating duct portion 6.

The surroundings of the storage tank 1 and the heating duct portion 6 are surrounded by a heat insulating wall containing a heat insulating material, and a heater 12 is arranged in the upper part of the storage tank 1 so that the heater 12 is inserted from the right side thereof. There is.

A combustion burner is used as the heating source of the heater 12, but a high / low type in which a pilot burner is constantly ignited is used to prevent the temperature difference of the organic waste A due to heating, and It is preferable in terms of enhancing the deodorizing effect. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a far infrared ray radiating porous plate 13 is provided so as to surround the heating section. The far-infrared radiation porous plate 13 is formed by coating the surface of a metal porous plate with ceramic or the like that emits far-infrared rays when heated.

One end of the circulation duct 15 is connected to the connection port 10 of the heating duct portion 6, and the other end of the circulation duct 15 is connected to the intake side of the blower 16. The discharge side of the blower 16 is connected to a blowout port 17 that opens at the top of the storage tank 1.

The circulation duct 15 is provided with an air supply port 18 having an adjusting lid 18a for supplying the outside air to the intake side of the blower 16 and adjusting the amount of the supplied air. The air supply port 18 may be arranged at any position between the blower 16 and the connection port 10.

Therefore, by operating the blower 16, the upper portion of the storage tank 1, that is, the heater 1 is heated through the heating duct portion 6.
The hot air heated by 2 is sucked in, and the heating duct portion 6
The hot air that has passed through the circulation duct 15 and the air supply port 1
An appropriate amount of outside air is supplied from 8, and the warm air mixed with the outside air is blown into the accommodation tank 1 through the outlet 17 again. An exhaust duct 25 for performing natural exhaust is provided on the left side of the upper part of the storage tank 1, so that steam generated inside and excess air are appropriately exhausted.

Further, inside the storage tank 1, a stirring mechanism 20 for the organic waste A is arranged. This stirring mechanism 20
Is constructed by mounting a large number of stirring blades 22 around a rotary shaft 21 supported horizontally, and a sprocket 23 fixed to an end of the rotary shaft 21 is linked to a motor 24 via a chain. It is rotated and driven by 24.

A partition plate 27 is attached to the upper part of the storage tank 1 so as to vertically separate the exhaust port side and the heating part side in the upper space. The partition plate 27 is provided between the opening of the exhaust duct 25 and the heater 12 and the outlet 17, and the height position of the lower end thereof is higher than the upper surface of the appropriate amount of the organic waste A to be charged. , Is set to be slightly higher.

A waste temperature sensor 31 is installed at the bottom of the storage tank 1 in order to detect the temperature of the organic waste in the tank. The temperature sensor 31 is connected to the operation control device 30 described later. Further, since the waste temperature sensor 31 only needs to detect the temperature of the waste, it can be provided near the bottom of the tank.

The operation control device 30 is composed of, for example, a general-purpose sequencer, and a circuit for controlling on / off of the stirring mechanism 20, the motor of the blower 16 and the combustion burner of the heater 12, and the timer 34 for setting the operation time are connected thereto. To be done. Further, a temperature setter 32 that sets the upper limit processing temperature during operation is connected to the operation control device 30.

In the temperature setter 32, the temperature during fermentation operation is set to, for example, 45 ° C., and the temperature during drying operation is set to, for example, 70 ° C. The fermentation operation time is set to 20 hours, and the drying operation time is set to 4 hours, for example, in the timer 34.

The operation control device 30 includes a waste temperature sensor 3
1 to operate to control the operation of the heater 12 and the blower 16 based on the temperature of the organic waste detected and the set temperature of the temperature setting device 32, and based on a preset program,
From the start of operation, the fermentation operation is performed first, and then the drying operation is performed.

Next, the operation of the organic waste treatment apparatus having the above structure will be described.

Organic waste (raw garbage) produced from restaurants, catering businesses, etc. is put into the storage tank 1 of the processing apparatus at a substantially constant time every day. At this time, an appropriate amount of a water conditioner such as sawdust and a fermenting microorganism are simultaneously added. As fermenting microorganisms, raw garbage is fermented and decomposed into water and carbon dioxide,
Fermentation / decomposition type fermenting microorganisms that reduce the volume of garbage to almost zero are used.

With the start of the operation, the motor 24 is started to rotate the stirring blades 22 of the stirring mechanism 20, and the organic waste A
Is stirred. At the same time, when the heater 12 is started to start heating and the blower 16 is operated, the heating duct section 6 and the circulation duct 15 become negative pressure. The hot air in the upper part of the storage tank 1 is sucked into the heating duct section 6, and the hot air enters the circulation duct 15 from the connection port 10 via the warm air meandering passage 7. Further, in the conduit of the circulation duct 15, an appropriate amount of outside air is sucked through the air supply port 18, and the warm air mixed with the outside air is blown out from the outlet 1.
It is returned to the storage tank 1 again from 7.

Far infrared rays are radiated from the far infrared radiating porous plate 13 heated by the operation of the heater 12, and the organic waste A in the storage tank 1 is radiated by the far infrared rays and the radiant heat.
Heated with stirring. Further, since the heating duct portion 6 for passing hot air is attached in direct contact with the rear side wall 5 and the bottom wall 4 of the accommodation tank 1, the heat of the heater 12 is conducted to the middle portion and the bottom portion of the accommodation tank 1 and accommodated. The tank 1 is also heated by its conduction heat. Further, since the warm air that has passed through the circulation duct 15 is blown from the outlet 17 toward the organic waste A in the tank, the warm air also heats the organic waste A in the tank.

As described above, by operating the heater 12, the blower 16, and the stirring mechanism 20, the raw garbage in the storage tank 1 is heated while being appropriately stirred, and the temperature setting device in the storage tank 1 is set. The temperature is controlled to be about 45 ° C. (the optimum temperature for fermentation), which is the set temperature of 32, and the garbage in the storage tank 1 is fermented and decomposed by the fermenting microorganisms. Then, the water vapor and carbon dioxide gas generated during this period are exhausted from the exhaust duct 25, the volume of raw garbage is gradually reduced due to the fermentation and decomposition of the raw garbage, and the water content in the raw garbage and the water content adjusting material is also reduced. .

The fermentation operation time set in the temperature setting device 32 is, for example, 20 hours, and as shown in FIG. 5, 20 hours after the garbage is fed and the fermentation operation is started, the storage tank 1 is operated.
The temperature of the garbage inside is maintained at about 45 ° C. During this period, the fermentation by the fermenting microorganisms is promoted, the fermentation converts the raw garbage into water and carbon dioxide, the volume of the raw garbage decreases, and the volume of the raw garbage becomes almost zero after 20 hours.

When the fermentation operation time (20 hours) has elapsed, the operation automatically changes to the drying operation, and the set temperature changes from 45 ° C. to the drying temperature of 75 ° C. Therefore, by controlling the heater 12, the temperature in the storage tank 1 is raised to about 75 ° C., and the stirring mechanism 20 is continuously operated. As a result, evaporation of water from the organic waste in the storage tank 1 is caused. Accelerated, the drying operation is carried out for the set drying time (4 hours).

As described above, after the fermentation operation, since the drying operation in which the temperature is raised and the stirring is continuously performed is carried out, the water contained in the water content adjusting material charged together with the raw garbage is evaporated, and the drying operation is continued for one day. When the treatment of (24 hours) is completed, the water content of the residue (mainly the water content adjusting material) remaining in the storage tank 1 becomes as low as about 30 to 40%.

Therefore, when new garbage is put into the storage tank 1 on the next day and the same fermentation / decomposition process is carried out, only the water conditioner having a low water content remains in the storage tank 1. The fermentation operation can be restarted by adding raw garbage and fermenting microorganisms without adding a new moisture adjusting material.

The processing for that day is also the same as above.
During the set fermentation time (20 hours) and the subsequent set drying time (4 hours), the fermentation operation and the drying operation are performed, and as in the above, the garbage is fermented and decomposed into water and carbon dioxide gas. Can be processed. Further, in general, when raw garbage is kept at the fermentation temperature, larvae (maggots) are likely to be generated, but by increasing the temperature and performing a drying operation, the generation of larvae can be suppressed.

In the above embodiment, the set fermentation temperature was set to 4
Although the temperature is set to 5 ° C., the fermentation temperature is set to, for example, 4 depending on the fermenting microorganism.
The temperature can be set in the range of 0 ° C to 50 ° C, and the drying temperature can be set to 70 to 80 ° C, for example.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an organic waste treatment apparatus showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in the temperature in the tank (organic waste) during operation.

[Explanation of reference symbols] 1-accommodation tank, 4-hot air passage, 5-duct, 6-heater, 8-blower, 20-stirring mechanism, 30-operation control device, 31-waste temperature sensor, 32-temperature setting Bowl, 34-timer.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A stirrer is used to stir the inside of a storage tank containing organic waste, and hot air heated by a heater is circulated in the storage tank to heat and stir the organic waste in the tank. In an organic waste treatment method of fermenting organic waste, after the organic waste is put into a storage tank, the fermentation operation is performed so that the organic waste reaches a set fermentation temperature for a preset fermentation operation time. In addition, the method for treating organic waste is characterized in that the drying operation is switched to the drying operation and the drying operation is performed so that the organic waste reaches a set drying temperature for a preset drying operation time. 2. The organic waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the stirring mechanism is intermittently operated during fermentation operation, and the stirring mechanism is continuously operated during drying operation. 3. An agitation mechanism for rotating and driving an agitation blade is provided in a container for containing organic waste, a hot air passage is provided below a bottom of the container, and an upper part of the container is provided with an hot air passage. A heater for heating the inside of the tank is arranged, the upper part of the containing tank and the hot air passage are connected by a duct, and the hot air in the hot air passage is sucked and blown to the upper inside of the containing tank so as to circulate the hot air. In an organic waste treatment device provided with a blower, a waste temperature sensor arranged near the bottom of the storage tank to detect the temperature of the organic waste, and a set fermentation temperature and a set drying temperature during operation are set. A temperature setter, a timer that sets the fermentation operation time and the drying operation time, a fermentation operation that controls the heater so that the organic waste in the storage tank reaches the set fermentation temperature, and the organic waste sets the drying temperature. Control the heater so that Preparative organic waste treatment apparatus comprising: the operation control device for controlling the operation switching based on a preset fermented operation time drying operation time, further comprising a.