JPH0889929A - Organic waste treating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To easily do switching between a normal operation and an organic waste treating operation in which a group of special effective microorganisms is added to easily make treatment suitable for microorganisms by controlling the operations of a heater and a blower each based on the detected temperature and the set temperature of organic waste. CONSTITUTION: Waste temperature sensors 31a, 31b are arranged near the bottom part of a housing tank 1 to detect the temperatures of organic waste. The upper limit treating temperature in a normal operation is set by the 1st temperature setting device 32, and also the upper limit treating temperature when organic waste to which a group of effective microorganisms has been added is treated is set by the 2nd temperature setting device 33. Switching between the normal operation using the 1st temperature setting device 32 and the operation using the group of effective microorganisms using the 2nd temperature setting device 33 is done by a changeover switch means 35. Operations of a heater 12 and a blower are each controlled by a controller 30, based on the temperatures of the organic waste detected by the waste temperature sensors 31 and the set temperatures of both the 1st and the 2nd temperature setting devices 32, 33.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic waste treatment apparatus for drying or fermenting organic waste such as garbage.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When processing a large amount of food waste such as leftover food and leftover food from a food service center, catering industry, restaurants, etc., collect them and put them in a fermenter, and heat and agitate the inside of the tank while stirring the microorganisms. In recent years, an organic waste treatment device for fermenting raw garbage by the fermentation action of or, and drying it at the same time to compost them has become widespread.

[0003]

In a conventional general organic waste treatment apparatus of this type, when the organic waste is dried, the fermentation tank has a structure in which a timer is used for a limited period of time. When drying the garbage with a moisture content of about 90% to a moisture content of about 2%, anticipate the drying treatment time according to the amount of the garbage and its moisture content, and set that time on a timer to operate in a timed manner. Was going on.

Therefore, when the operating time set in the timer is deviated from the appropriate time corresponding to the amount of food waste and the amount of heating, the organic waste becomes insufficiently dried or overdried, and the desired dry state or fermentation is performed. It was difficult to obtain organic waste in the state.

Therefore, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the waste is installed, and a control device for controlling the operation stop of the heater and the blower is provided when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor rises to the temperature set in the preset unit. A processing device was proposed.

However, recently, instead of the usual fermenting microorganisms, a group of effective microorganisms that act at relatively low temperatures (aggregates of microorganisms that mix aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms that effectively ferment and decompose organic matter) are added. It may be fermented and dried, and in order to add and treat such special microorganisms in the waste, the fermentation tank should be maintained at a temperature according to the microorganisms and operated for a predetermined time. However, there is a problem that it is difficult to easily switch the operation depending on the effective microorganism group.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and can easily switch between normal operation and treatment operation of organic waste to which special effective microorganisms are added to perform treatment suitable for microorganisms. It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic waste treatment device that can be easily performed.

[0008]

To this end, in the organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, a stirring mechanism for rotating and driving a stirring blade is provided in a storage tank for storing organic waste, and a stirring mechanism is installed at the bottom of the storage tank. A hot air passage is arranged on the lower side, a heater for heating the inside of the storage tank is arranged in the upper part of the storage tank, the upper part of the storage tank and the hot air passage are connected by a duct, and the hot air in the hot air passage is sucked in In an organic waste treatment device in which a blower for blowing air is installed in the upper part of the storage tank so as to circulate, a waste temperature sensor that is located near the bottom of the storage tank to detect the temperature of the organic waste, and normal operation The first temperature setter that sets the upper limit treatment temperature at the time, the second temperature setter that sets the upper limit treatment temperature when treating the organic waste to which the effective microorganism group is added, and the first temperature setter are used. During normal operation and using the second temperature setting device Yes A change-over switch means for switching between using the microorganism group and operating the heater and blower based on the temperature of the organic waste detected by the waste temperature sensor and the set temperatures of the first temperature setter and the second temperature setter. And an operation control device for controlling the.

[0009]

In the case of treating an organic waste to which a normal fermenting microorganism is added, the changeover switch means is switched to the normal operation using the first temperature setting device, the organic waste is put into the storage tank, and the stirring mechanism is operated. The stirring blade is rotated, and at the same time, the heater is operated and the blower is operated.

The organic waste in the storage tank is heated by the radiant heat from the heater and the air in the upper part of the tank is also heated. Then, the heated air passes through the duct by the blower and is sent to the hot air passage at the bottom, the bottom of the storage tank is also heated, and the hot air thereafter is blown out to the upper part of the storage tank by the blower. Hot air is circulated by the action of the blower, and the radiant heat from above and the heat from the bottom efficiently heat and dry the organic waste in the tank.

The first temperature setter starts the heating operation by setting the upper limit temperature, that is, the waste temperature at the end of the treatment to, for example, 100 ° C., but has the above-mentioned efficient heating structure. , Even if the organic waste has a very high water content of 85% to 90%, the temperature in the tank rises well, and the water of the organic waste is efficiently evaporated and exhausted.
The water content decreases. In the case of the treatment device having the above-mentioned configuration, according to the experimental results, organic waste having a large water content (water content 9%
When about 0% of raw garbage is dried, the temperature of the waste and the water content of the organic waste in a dry state are, for example, about 22 at 80 ° C regardless of the heat quantity of the heater and the amount of the organic waste. %, 9
It has been found that there is an almost constant relationship between about 15% at 2 ° C and about 8% at 100 ° C.

Therefore, when using this processing apparatus to obtain a dried product having a water content of 8%, for example, the temperature at the bottom of the storage tank (corresponding to the temperature of the organic waste in the tank) is detected, If the operation of the heater is stopped when the temperature reaches 100 ° C., a dried product having a desired water content can be easily obtained regardless of the heat amount of the heater and the amount of organic waste.

On the other hand, when treating the organic waste to which the effective microorganism group is added, the changeover switch means is switched to the operation using the second temperature setting device, the organic waste is put into the storage tank, and the stirring mechanism is used. Rotate the stirring blade of No. 1 and simultaneously operate the heater and operate the blower. The first temperature setter starts the operation by setting the set temperature to, for example, 60 ° C, but since the upper limit temperature of the organic waste is suppressed to 60 ° C,
Fermentation / drying treatment can be carried out in a state in which the effective microorganism group that operates at a relatively low temperature is activated.

Further, the organic waste added with the effective microorganism group has a very large amount of water, but in this treatment apparatus, the waste is satisfactorily heated because it is efficiently heated by stirring, hot air, radiant heat, etc., and steam is discharged. It can be dried.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a front view of the processing apparatus, and FIG. 2 shows a right side view thereof.

1 is a storage tank for containing the organic waste A,
It has a curved bottom wall 4, and the input hatch 2 is at the top,
A take-out hatch 3 is provided to be openable and closable. Further, along the rear side wall 5 and the bottom wall 4 of the storage tank 1, a heating duct portion 6 through which warm air can pass is provided.

The heating duct portion 6 is communicated with the upper portion inside the storage tank 1 through a communication port 9 provided on the upper portion of the rear side wall 5, and a meandering partition plate 8 is disposed on the bottom portion, and the heating wall portion 6 is provided on the bottom wall 4. A meandering hot air passage 7 is formed along a meandering direction, and a connection port 10 for connecting a circulation duct 15 is provided at one end thereof. Since the heating duct portion 6 having such a large surface area is disposed in contact with the rear side wall 5 and the bottom wall 4 of the storage tank 1, the thermal conductivity to the storage tank 1 is good and the storage tank 1
Is a structure capable of efficiently receiving the conduction heat from the heating duct portion 6.

The surroundings of the storage tank 1 and the heating duct portion 6 are surrounded by a heat insulating wall containing a heat insulating material, and a heater 12 is arranged at the upper part of the storage tank 1 from the right side thereof. There is.

A combustion burner is used as a heating source of the heater 12, but a high / low type in which a pilot burner is constantly ignited is used to prevent a temperature difference of the organic waste A due to heating, and It is preferable in terms of enhancing the deodorizing effect. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a far infrared ray radiating porous plate 13 is provided so as to surround the heating section. The far-infrared radiation porous plate 13 is formed by coating the surface of a metal porous plate with ceramic or the like that emits far-infrared rays when heated.

One end of the circulation duct 15 is connected to the connection port 10 of the heating duct portion 6, and the other end of the circulation duct 15 is connected to the intake side of the blower 16. The discharge side of the blower 16 is connected to a blowout port 17 that opens at the top of the storage tank 1.

The circulation duct 15 is provided with an air supply port 18 provided with an adjusting lid 18a for supplying the outside air to the intake side of the blower 16 and adjusting the amount of air supply. The air supply port 18 may be arranged at any position between the blower 16 and the connection port 10.

Therefore, by operating the blower 16, the upper part of the storage tank 1, that is, the heater 1 is operated through the heating duct portion 6.
The hot air heated by 2 is sucked in, and the heating duct portion 6
The hot air that has passed through the circulation duct 15 and the air supply port 1
An appropriate amount of outside air is supplied from 8, and the warm air mixed with the outside air is blown into the accommodation tank 1 through the outlet 17 again. An exhaust duct 25 for performing natural exhaust is provided on the left side of the upper part of the storage tank 1, so that steam generated inside and excess air are appropriately exhausted.

Further, inside the storage tank 1, a stirring mechanism 20 for the organic waste A is arranged. This stirring mechanism 20
Is constructed by mounting a large number of stirring blades 22 around a rotary shaft 21 supported horizontally, and a sprocket 23 fixed to an end of the rotary shaft 21 is linked to a motor 24 via a chain. It is formed so as to be rotated by 24.

A partition plate 27 is attached to the upper part of the storage tank 1 so as to vertically separate the exhaust port side and the heating part side in the upper space. The partition plate 27 is provided between the opening of the exhaust duct 25 and the heater 12 and the outlet 17, and the height position of the lower end thereof is higher than the upper surface of the appropriate amount of the organic waste A to be charged. , Is set to be slightly higher.

In order to detect the temperature of the organic waste in the tank, waste temperature sensors 31a and 31b are provided at the bottom of the storage tank 1.
Is installed. These two temperature sensors 31a and 31b
Are provided corresponding to a first temperature setting device 32 and a second temperature setting device 33, which will be described later, and are connected to the operation control device 30. Further, since the waste temperature sensor 31 only needs to detect the temperature of the waste, it can be provided near the bottom of the tank.

The operation control device 30 is composed of, for example, a general-purpose sequencer, and a circuit for controlling on / off of the stirring mechanism 20, the motor of the blower 16 and the combustion burner of the heater 12, and a timer 34 for setting the operation time are connected thereto. To be done. Furthermore, a first temperature setting device 32 that sets an upper limit processing temperature during normal operation, a second temperature setting device 33 that sets an upper limit processing temperature when processing an organic waste to which an effective microorganism group is added, and a first temperature setting device 33. The changeover switch means 35 for switching between the normal operation using the temperature setting device 32 and the operation using the effective microorganism group using the second temperature setting device 33 is connected to the operation control device 30.

Further, the operation control device 30 selects the heater 12 based on the temperature of the organic waste detected by the waste temperature sensors 31a and 31b and the set temperatures of the first temperature setter 32 and the second temperature setter 33. The operation of the blower 16 is controlled. For example, 100 ° C. is set in the first temperature setting device 32, and 60 ° C. is set in the second temperature setting device 33.

Next, the operation of the organic waste treatment apparatus having the above structure will be described.

In the case of treating an organic waste to which a normal fermenting microorganism is added, the changeover switch means 35 is changed over to the normal operation using the first temperature setting device 32. Then, the organic waste A such as raw garbage to be processed is fed into the upper hatch 2
Is opened and put into the storage tank 1.

Next, the motor 24 is started to start the stirring mechanism 20.
The stirring blade 22 of is rotated to stir the organic waste A.
At the same time, the heater 12 is started to start heating, and the blower 16
Is operated, the heating duct portion 6 and the circulation duct 15 become negative pressure. Therefore, the hot air in the upper part of the storage tank 1 is sucked into the heating duct portion 6, and the hot air enters the circulation duct 15 from the connection port 10 via the warm air meandering passage 7. Further, in the conduit of the circulation duct 15, an appropriate amount of outside air is sucked through the air supply port 18, and the warm air mixed with the outside air is returned to the storage tank 1 through the outlet 17 again.

Far infrared rays are radiated from the far infrared radiating porous plate 13 heated by the operation of the heater 12, and the organic waste A in the storage tank 1 is radiated by the far infrared rays and the radiant heat.
Efficiently heated with stirring.

Further, since the heating duct portion 6 for passing hot air is attached directly to the rear side wall 5 and the bottom wall 4 of the storage tank 1, the heat of the heater 12 is conducted to the middle portion and the bottom portion of the storage tank 1. The storage tank 1 is also made effective by the conduction heat. Furthermore, since the warm air that has passed through the circulation duct 15 is blown from the outlet 17 toward the organic waste A in the tank, the organic waste A in the tank can also be efficiently multi-heated and dried by the hot air. To be done.

Then, the air in the storage tank 1 containing the steam generated from the heated organic waste A becomes a positive pressure due to the discharge from the blower 16, and a part of the air is separated between the partition plate 27 and the organic waste A. It is appropriately discharged from the exhaust duct 25 through the space.

At this time, the partition plate 27 in the storage tank 1
The pressure on the right side of is higher than the pressure on the left side of the partition plate 27, and due to the pressure difference, the exhaust gas bypasses the lower part of the partition plate 27 and is discharged well. Therefore, the hot air is not immediately exhausted, the exhaust path becomes long, and the exhaust gas passes through the high temperature atmosphere, so that the deodorizing effect is also improved.

Further, since the partition plate 27 prevents the radiant heat from the heater 12 and the far-infrared radiation porous plate 13 from being dissipated to the exhaust duct 25 side, the inside of the storage tank 1 can be efficiently heated. it can.

At the start of the operation, the hot air temperature is maintained near the maximum temperature and the heating structure having high efficiency as described above is used. Therefore, the water content is 85% to 90% and the water content is very high. However, even for organic waste, the temperature in the tank rises rapidly, the water content of the organic waste is efficiently evaporated and exhausted, and the water content decreases.

In the case of the treatment apparatus having the above-mentioned structure, according to the experimental results, when the organic waste having a large water content (garbage with a water content of about 90%) is dried, the heat quantity of the heater and the amount of the organic waste. Regardless of the temperature of the waste and the water content of the organic waste in the dry state, for example, 22% at 80 ° C and 15% at 92 ° C.
%, And about 8% at 100 ° C., it has been found to show a substantially constant relationship.

Therefore, when the water content of the organic waste is reduced to about 25% by the drying treatment, as shown in the graph B of FIG. Then, the temperature of the waste reaches the set temperature (here, 100 ° C.). When the operation control device detects this temperature via the waste temperature sensor 31a, the heater 12 is stopped, and then the blower 16 and the stirring mechanism 20 continue to operate for a certain period of time, and then the operation ends.

Therefore, when an organic waste treatment device is used to obtain a dried product having a water content of 8%, for example,
The temperature of the bottom of the storage tank (corresponding to the temperature of the organic waste in the tank) is detected, and when the temperature reaches 100 ° C., if the operation of the heater 12 is stopped, the heat amount of the heater 12 and the organic waste It is possible to easily obtain a dried product having a desired water content regardless of the amount of the product.

On the other hand, when treating an organic waste to which a special effective microorganism group (aggregate of microorganisms in which aerobic microorganisms and anaerobic microorganisms that effectively ferment and decompose organic matter are mixed) is treated, the changeover switch means 35 is The operation is switched to the operation using the second temperature setting device 33, the organic waste is charged into the storage tank 1, the stirring blades 22 of the stirring mechanism 20 are rotated, and at the same time, the heater 12 is operated and the blower 16 is operated.

The second temperature setting device 33 sets the temperature to 60, for example.
Set to ℃ and start the heating operation. Since the organic waste is operated while controlling the temperature of the organic waste by the temperature setter 33 for setting the upper limit temperature of the organic waste to 60 ° C. and the waste temperature sensor 31b, fermentation is carried out in a state in which active microorganisms that are active at low temperatures are activated. -A drying process is performed. The operation is continued for the time set in the timer 34, and as shown in the graph C of FIG.
The fermentation and drying process is continued at around 60 ° C. Then, when the time of the timer 34 is reached, the operation of the heater 12 is stopped, after which the blower 16 and the stirring mechanism 20 continue to be operated for a certain period of time, and then the operation is terminated.

As described above, since the fermentation / drying treatment is carried out at the temperature of the organic waste which is suitable for the effective microorganism group, the effective microorganism group can be treated in an activated state.
In addition, the normal operation of operating at a higher temperature and the operation of a lower temperature with the addition of this effective microorganism are performed by the changeover switch means 35.
Just by operating, you can easily switch and operate, reducing erroneous operations.

[0044]

As described above, according to the organic waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the waste temperature sensor arranged near the bottom of the storage tank for detecting the temperature of the organic waste and the upper limit during normal operation. At the time of normal operation using the first temperature setter that sets the treatment temperature, the second temperature setter that sets the upper limit treatment temperature when treating organic waste with added effective microorganisms, and the first temperature setter And a changeover switch means for switching between the use of the effective microorganism group using the second temperature setting device and the temperature of the organic waste detected by the waste temperature sensor and the setting of the first temperature setting device and the second temperature setting device. Since it is equipped with an operation control device that controls the operation of the heater and blower based on the temperature, in the case of ordinary organic waste, the waste can be efficiently dried at a relatively high temperature. , Also added effective microorganisms The organic waste, it is possible to perform the fermentation and drying process at a temperature suitable to enable microorganisms can be treated in a state of activation of effective microorganisms.

Further, the normal operation, which is operated at a higher temperature, and the operation, which is performed at a lower temperature by adding the effective microorganism group, can be easily switched and operated simply by switching the changeover switch means. There is less risk of misuse of the effective microorganisms by erroneous operation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an organic waste treatment device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the same.

3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-IV in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in the temperature of organic waste during operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1-accommodation tank, 4-hot air passage, 5-duct, 6-heater, 8-blower, 10-stirring mechanism, 30-operation control device, 31a, 31b-waste temperature sensor, 32-first temperature setting device 33-Second temperature setting device, 35-Changeover switch means.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location C05F 9/02 D 7537-4H F26B 11/14 25/00 A

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A stirring mechanism for rotating and driving a stirring blade is provided in a storage tank for containing organic waste, a hot air passage is provided below a bottom portion of the storage tank, and a hot air passage is provided at an upper portion of the storage tank. A heater for heating the inside of the tank is arranged, the upper part of the containing tank and the hot air passage are connected by a duct, and the hot air in the hot air passage is sucked and blown to the upper inside of the containing tank so as to circulate the hot air. In an organic waste treatment device provided with a blower, a waste temperature sensor arranged near the bottom of the storage tank to detect the temperature of the organic waste, and a first temperature for setting an upper limit treatment temperature during normal operation. A setting device, a second temperature setting device for setting an upper limit processing temperature when treating an organic waste to which an effective microorganism group has been added, a normal operation using the first temperature setting device, and a second temperature setting device Switching to switch between operation using effective microorganism groups using Switch means, an operation control device for controlling the operation of the heater and the blower based on the temperature of the organic waste detected by the waste temperature sensor and the set temperatures of the first temperature setting device and the second temperature setting device, An organic waste treatment device comprising: