JPH09268563A - Caisson-included filler protection cover - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to execute a construction work of a cover member provided on the top of a filler filled up inside space of a caisson when constructing a coastal structure with such a structure as a caisson. SOLUTION: Sand or the like as filler materials 18 and 18a are filled up in a working space segmented with vertical wall members 11 to 13 of a caisson 10 with wave absorbing structure and cover members 25 and 26 are constructed with asphalt with a specified thickness so as to seal and protect the top of the tiller material, thereby constructing a protection cover. When constructing the cover member, it is possible to construct with an asphalt mixture supply device loaded on a verge or the like. The cover member 26 which is constructed underwater can be constructed in a similar manner.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is intended to protect a filling material that fills the internal space of a general caisson or a caisson with a wave-dissipating structure from the leakage of the filling material due to the influence of waves. The present invention relates to a lid member to be provided, and more particularly to a technique for forming the lid member by casting an asphalt mixture.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When constructing a coastal structure such as a breakwater, a quay wall, a revetment of a reclaimed land, etc., construction work for strengthening the seabed ground in the construction area of the structure, leveling the seabed surface, etc. A construction method is often used in which a rubble foundation is constructed after the construction and a structure such as a caisson is placed on the rubble foundation. Large structures such as the caisson,
Concrete, steel plate, and steel structures whose surface is covered with concrete are used, but caisons with such various structures are manufactured in land construction yards and then floated on the sea and towed. At the construction site, water is poured into the interior space to allow it to sink. After that, the interior space of the caisson is filled with sand or the like to remove water, and the weight of the filling material such as sand or the like is given to the caisson,
I try to get stability against waves.

As the caisson, in addition to using a simple box-shaped structure, a caisson having a wave-dissipating structure as shown in FIG. 5 may be used. In FIG. 10, the wave-dissipating structure 15 is provided on the sea-side upper portion of the main body where the waves act strongly. In the wave-dissipating structure 15, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a slit wall member 1 in which a large number of slits 17 ... Are provided on an upper portion of a sea side wall member 13 constituting a caisson body with a wave-dissipating structure.
6 is arranged, and the space between the slit wall member 16 and the partition wall member 12 is utilized to perform the wave-dissipating action.

In the caisson 10 with the wave-dissipating structure, as described above, the rubble foundation 2 is constructed at a predetermined height above the seabed 1, and a friction increasing member such as an asphalt mat is provided on the foundation 2. The caisson main body with a wave-dissipating structure is placed and the main body of the caisson 10 with a wave-dissipating structure is provided with wall members 11, 12 and 13 at predetermined intervals, respectively, and between the wall members. The space portion formed in is filled with filling materials 18, 18a made of sand or the like. In the example shown in FIG. 5, a coastal structure is provided as a partition revetment for a landfill, and a layer of backfill stone 6 is constructed on the land side behind the structure, It shows a case where a waterproof sheet 7 is arranged on the surface of a layer of stones and then a waste such as earth and sand is dumped to construct a landfill. Then, as described above, by placing a waterproof sheet between the landfill and the partition revetment, it is possible to prevent drainage containing harmful substances from the landfill from flowing directly into the sea, and Is being treated to prevent contamination.

In the caisson with a wave-dissipating structure or a general caisson, the filling material 18 filled in the internal space,
In order to protect 18a, a cover concrete 20 as shown in FIG. 7 is arranged to protect sand and the like from flowing out due to waves. The cap concrete 20 is constructed immediately after the work of filling the filling space into the caisson inner space is performed, and the caisson is filled with the concrete using a ship equipped with a concrete mixer berthed beside the caisson. It is laid with a specified thickness on the top of. In addition, as the concrete constructed as the lid concrete, underwater concrete is to be constructed in the lower part of the wave-dissipating structure of FIG. 7, and therefore, a material having a property of easily hardening even when constructed in water is used. Mixed concrete is used.

As shown in FIG. 7, in addition to directly constructing the cover concrete by applying ready-mixed concrete, as shown in FIG.
Precast plate 2 on top of the caisson as shown in
In some cases, 1 is placed to protect the filling material, and filling concrete is installed in the gap formed between the precast plate and the wall. When constructing the cover concrete using the precast plate 21, the precast plate is placed over a wide area above the filling material, so even if the sea is rough after the caisson is installed, sand or the like will flow out. It is possible to protect it so that it is not possible to make it possible, and then by applying a relatively small amount of fresh concrete as interstitial concrete, the advantage that the lid concrete can be constructed can be exhibited.

[0007]

However, the place where a coastal structure such as a breakwater is constructed using caisson is
Even if the caisson is constructed in a place where the waves are rough and the sea is relatively calm, due to the influence of waves between the filling of sand etc. and the construction of cast-in-place concrete on the top of the caisson. The problem that the filling material is scoured remains. Further, even if the cover concrete is further constructed by using high-strength concrete or the like, there is a problem that the surface of the cast concrete is always susceptible to the erosion effect by waves. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, underwater concrete needs to be placed on the upper part of the filling material corresponding to the wave-dissipating structure, and the filling material is constructed in the wave-dissipating structure. Because it is always affected by the waves during the period,
Even if an attempt is made to even out the surface of the filling material, it is inevitable that unevenness will occur on the surface, and many problems remain in the work of placing concrete.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8, one method is to apply a precast plate to the portion corresponding to the wave-dissipating structure to avoid the problem of construction of underwater concrete. However, when the surface of the filling material of the portion of the wave-dissipating structure is likely to have large irregularities, it is not easy to position the precast plate horizontally, and ready-mixed concrete is installed in the gap around the precast plate. Therefore, it is difficult to completely seal the surface portion of the filling material. Further, when the sand or the like filled in the internal space of the caisson is naturally consolidated, there is a possibility that a gap or the like may occur in the fit with the concrete cover, and when such a problem occurs, in particular, When the precast plate is used as a lid, cracks and the like are likely to occur in the interstitial concrete provided around the precast plate, which causes a problem that the concrete pavement on the upper surface of the caisson must be repaired. In addition to the problems described above, if the sealability for the filling material filling the caisson is compromised,
The steel caisson has problems such as corrosion progressing from the inside.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problem of constructing the lid on the upper part of the conventional caisson. By constructing the lid member by directly constructing the asphalt mixture without using concrete, An object of the present invention is to provide a protective lid capable of satisfactorily exhibiting a sealing action in response to irregularities on the surface of the filling material, and easily dealing with the case where the filling material sinks.

[0010]

The present invention relates to a coastal structure in which a caisson is placed on a foundation constructed on the seabed. In the present invention, the lid member for covering the filling material filling the internal compartment of the caisson is constructed by driving the asphalt mixture at the caisson construction site. Further, in the present invention, for a caisson with a wave-dissipating structure that is formed by arranging the wave-dissipating structure on the sea side, a lid member that constitutes the lower surface of the wave-dissipating structure is cast, and an asphalt mixture is placed in water. Can be constructed by doing. Further, in the present invention, the lid member for covering the filling material filling the inner compartment of the caisson is constituted by an asphalt mat or sheet member, and in order to press and hold the end portion of the mat or sheet. It is also possible to cast concrete or asphalt mixture on site and construct it.

As described above, when the method of placing the asphalt mixture on the upper surface of the filling material to be filled inside the caisson with a wave-absorbing structure, the fluidity of the asphalt mixture is used. Thus, the openings between the wall members of the caisson can be completely closed, and the workability of the asphalt mixture can be favorably maintained even when the construction site of the lid member is underwater. Further, since the asphalt mixture has large fluidity, even when the surface of the filling material filled inside the caisson has irregularities, the lower surface of the lid member can follow the irregularities. Therefore, a gap or the like does not occur between the surface of the filling material and the lid member, and the function of pressing the lid member against the filling material to protect it can be exhibited well. Further, when the lid member is constructed by using an asphalt mat or sheet, concrete or asphalt mixture can be constructed on site to press and hold the end portion of the sheet or mat. In particular, when a mat or sheet is applied to the wave-dissipating part, the lid can be applied immediately after the filling material is put in, so that the filling material such as sand is not scourd. It can be prevented and the lid member can be easily constructed.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The caisson filling material protection lid of the present invention will be described with reference to the illustrated example. In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the caisson with a wave-dissipating structure as shown in each of FIGS. 5 and 6 will be described, but for a caisson without a wave-dissipating structure or the like. Also,
The construction method described below can be applied. FIG.
In the example shown in, the wave-dissipating structure 15 is provided on the sea-side upper part of the caisson body as in the case of the general caisson with a wave-dissipating structure. The partition wall member 12 arranged in between divides into a sea-side section and a land-side section. In the caisson 10 with the wave-dissipating structure, the portion partitioned by the land side wall member 11 and the partition wall member 12 is filled with the filling material 18 over the entire height of the caisson. A lid is installed on the upper surface of 18, but since the wave-dissipating structure 15 is arranged in the upper portion in the portion partitioned by the partition wall member 12 and the sea sidewall member 13, the position up to the upper portion of the sea sidewall member 13 is reached. By installing the lid at the height of
8a is covered.

The wave-dissipating structure 15 provided on the sea-side upper portion of the caisson with a wave-dissipating structure has a slit wall member 16 integrally formed on the sea-side wall member 13, and the example shown in FIGS. Similarly, the wall member having a large number of slits is integrally formed with the caisson body. Further, in the caisson with a wave-dissipating structure shown in FIG. 1, the caisson body is constructed of concrete, a box-shaped one in which a steel material and a steel plate are combined, or a predetermined shape is provided on the surface of a steel box-shaped one. It is possible to target a caisson having an arbitrary structure, such as a structure in which the concrete covering is integrally formed with a thickness. Further, in the caisson with the wave-dissipating structure, the material of the filling material to be filled in each compartment may be sand or the like, and may be industrial waste or any other material. Is. Then, by sealing the filling material that fills the internal space of the caisson with the lid provided on the upper part, even when the steel material is in contact with the surface of the filling material, the air when initially sealed is After the steel material is consumed for corrosion, no new oxygen is supplied to the portion for accommodating the filling material, so that it is possible to protect the steel material from problems such as corrosion.

The caisson 10 with a wave-dissipating structure as described above.
In the above, the asphalt mixture is cast on the upper parts of the filling materials 18 and 18a filled in the internal compartments, and the lid member 25,
26 are formed respectively. The asphalt mixture that constitutes the lid member is similar to that conventionally used for compacting rubble foundations, etc., crushed stone, sand, and asphalt components,
A mixture of stone powder and the like can be used in a state of being heated to 220 to 240 ° C. to improve fluidity. And the asphalt mixture as described above can be installed by installing a barge equipped with an asphalt mixing heating device at the caisson construction site and supplying it from the barge to the upper part of the caisson using a bucket or the like. Therefore, as compared with the case of placing concrete, the equipment provided on the pier can be simplified. Further, the asphalt mixture, even when underwater construction, until the temperature decreases,
Since the fluidity can be maintained, even in the case of underwater asphalt to be constructed on the upper surface of the filling material 18a, there is no problem in construction and there is no influence of waves during construction. Further, as compared with the case where the lid member is constructed using concrete, it becomes possible to improve the construction efficiency, and the reliability of the lid member can be improved.

As described above, when the asphalt mixture is cast on the upper surface of the filling material, as shown in FIG. 1, some unevenness is formed on the surface portions of the filling materials 18, 18a. Also, the lower surface of the asphalt mixture material follows the irregularities on the surface of the filling material. A gap or the like is not formed between the lower surfaces of the lid members 25 and 26 and the surfaces of the filling materials 18 and 18a, and the surfaces of the placed lid members 25 and 26 are leveled to flatten the surface. Can be formed. Further, the lid members 25 and 26 constructed as described above are filled with the filling material in the space defined by the vertical wall members, and are installed on the upper surface of the filling material to form the filling material. Can be formed in a sealed state.

When constructing the lid members 25 and 26,
A means for protecting the filling material against rough waves can be used by first casting a thin asphalt mixture having a large fluidity and performing the work of protecting the upper surface of the filling material. Then, after that, by applying the member on the upper portion of the lid member to a predetermined thickness, it is possible to form a layer having a thickness required for the lid member. Also, a mixture of asphalts having arbitrary fluidity can be used. Furthermore, with the lid member configured as described above, even if there is a problem that the filling material filled in the internal space of the caisson with a wave-dissipating structure is naturally consolidated, the elasticity of the asphalt mixture, etc. The lower surface of the lid member may be deformed depending on the subsidence of the surface of the filling material. However, as described above, even if the lid member is deformed, cracks or the like are not formed, and there is no problem in the property of sealing the filling material inside. In addition, it is possible to perform a work for repairing the surface of the lid member flat by driving the asphalt mixture into the upper part.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, the caisson 10 with a wave-dissipating structure is constructed to have a structure similar to that of FIG. 1, and after filling the wave-dissipating structure 15 with the corresponding filling material 18a, The case where the stone layer 19 is formed by throwing stones or rubble on the upper surface of the filling material is shown. Then, as described above, by constructing the stone layer 19 on the upper part of the filling material, sand and the like are prevented from being washed away by the waves during the work of filling the filling material into the internal compartment of the caisson. it can. Especially when constructing a large caisson, even if the work of filling the filling material takes a long time, it is necessary to protect the previously filled sand etc. from being washed away by the waves. It will be possible.

The filling material 18a as described above can be constructed by filling debris such as construction waste, and the top surface of the filling material 18a has unevenness of stones. It is in the state of being formed. However, since the asphalt mixture that is used as the lid member 26 has a relatively large fluidity, it does not enter between the irregularities on the surface of the stone layer 19 to form a gap,
It is possible to cover the surface of the stone layer 19, and by flattening the upper surface of the lid member 26, a protective layer having a predetermined thickness can be constructed. Furthermore, even when a large lump layer 19 such as rubble of building waste is used as the filling material 18 to be filled in the land-side section of the caisson 10 with a wave-dissipating structure, the surface of the filling material is large. Since it is unavoidable that irregularities are formed, even in the layer of the asphalt mixture material that constitutes the lid member 25, the lid member 26
It can have construction properties as well.

[0019]

EXAMPLE As described above, when the lid member for protecting the filling material is provided, in addition to using the means for placing only the asphalt mixture as described above, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, it is possible to form the lid member by using a ready-made asphalt mat, arbitrary sheets, or a sheet having water permeability. FIG.
In the example shown in (1), the asphalt mat 30 is applied to the upper portion of the filling material for the portion of the caisson that accommodates the filling material 18, 18a. As the asphalt mat 30, it is possible to use one that is used as a friction increasing member such as a caisson, but in addition, one that has the strength to be hung and transported by a crane or the like and laid. In this case, a mat-shaped material having an arbitrary structure can be used. Further, if the asphalt mat is constructed to have a size slightly smaller than the distance between the facing wall members, the work of lifting the crane with the crane and inserting it from the opening in the upper part of the caisson can be easily performed.

In the example shown in FIG. 3, a gap is formed between the asphalt mat and the wall member as in the case of the conventional precast concrete board. Therefore, by supplying asphalt mixture from the ship to the voids on both sides of the mat and constructing the end blocks 31 with a predetermined thickness and width, the filling material is removed from the gaps on both sides of the mat. Protect against scour. It is also possible to supply concrete from a concrete mixer ship to the gaps on both sides of the mat to construct intermixed concrete, but when the mat is asphalt, a block of asphalt mixture is constructed on site. It would be preferable to build it.

In addition to the example of the mat, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, an arbitrary sheet-shaped member is provided on the upper portion of the filling material, or a property of having water permeability but not allowing sand or the like to pass therethrough. It is also possible to dispose a lid member by the sheet member 35 that has. As the sheet, vinyl, rubber, or other high-strength sheets can be used, and a sheet having a property of protecting the filling material against the influence of waves is used. Further, as the water-permeable sheets, for example, sheets used for underwater construction called geotextile, or textile members having similar properties can be used, and the upper part of the filling material is covered. It is possible to prevent the sand or the like from being scoured by arranging it at. Then, an asphalt block or a concrete block 36 is constructed as a weight member on the site at the peripheral edge of the sheet member 35, so that the action of fixing and holding the sheet member can be satisfactorily exhibited.

As described above, when the sheet member is used as a protective member for the filling material, especially when the caisson is constructed in the sea area where the waves are rough, immediately after filling the filling material inside the caisson. , It becomes possible to easily cover the upper surface. Further, since the sheet member can be easily handled, for example, temporary protection is provided after filling the caisson with the filling material and before constructing the lid with the asphalt mixture. It can also be used as a member. Further, when the lid member is constructed on the upper part of the caisson using the sheet member, it can be used as a temporary protection member. Then, after constructing a lid using the sheet, it is possible to ensure stability and durability of the structure by forming an asphalt mixture to construct a permanent lid member. It is possible.

The above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention has mainly been described as applied to a caisson having a wave-dissipating function. However, a lid member made of an asphalt composite material having a function of sealing and protecting the filling material of the present invention is generally used. The caisson or the box-like structure similar to the caisson is generally applicable. In addition, the lid member that is applied on the filling material that fills the internal space of the structure is applicable to both underwater and above-water construction, and has been conventionally used for port construction and the like. It is possible to carry out construction using an asphalt mixture having an arbitrary mixing ratio.

[0024]

As described above, the caisson filling material protection lid of the present invention has a construction method in which an asphalt mixture is placed on the upper surface of the filling material filled inside the caisson with a wave-absorbing structure. Since it is used, the fluidity of the asphalt mixture can be used to completely close the openings between the caisson wall members, and the workability of the asphalt mixture even when the lid member construction site is underwater. Can be maintained well. Further, since the asphalt mixture has large fluidity, even when the surface of the filling material filled inside the caisson has irregularities, the lower surface of the lid member can follow the irregularities. Therefore, a gap or the like does not occur between the surface of the filling material and the lid member, and the function of pressing the lid member against the filling material to protect it can be exhibited well. Further, when the lid member is constructed by using an asphalt mat or sheet, concrete or asphalt mixture can be constructed on site to press and hold the end portion of the sheet or mat. In particular, when a mat or sheet is applied to the wave-dissipating part, the lid can be applied immediately after the filling material is put in, so that the filling material such as sand is not scourd. This can be prevented and the lid member can be easily installed.

Further, when the lid member is constructed of asphalt mixture, the property of hermetically sealing the filling material inside the structure of the caisson body can be maintained, and even if the filling material is compacted, Since the elasticity of the lid member causes it to sink following the surface of the filling material, even if such a situation occurs, it can be easily dealt with by additionally placing asphalt mixture on the lid member. Is. And when using the construction method of the present invention, the equipment for supplying the asphalt mixture can be simplified as compared with the conventional apparatus for placing concrete, and the equipment to be installed on a pier or the like. As a result, the number of personnel can be reduced and the construction cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an example in which a lid member is installed on an upper surface of a caisson.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an example in which a lid member is constructed with an asphalt mixture.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an example in which the lid member is formed of a sheet member.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a general coastal structure.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a caisson with a wave-dissipating structure.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an example in which a lid member is installed on the upper surface of a conventional caisson.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example different from FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 submarine ground, 5 asphalt mats, 10
Caisson with wave-dissipating structure, 11-13 Vertical wall member,
15 Wave-dissipating structure, 16 Slit wall member, 1
7 slits, 18/19 filling materials, 20 lid concrete, 21 precast boards, 25/26
Lid member, 30 asphalt mat, 35
Sheet member.

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takatsu Waki 1-29-4 Tsurugamine, Asahi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Inventor Mitsuru Nonoda 2-11-20 Tamagawa, Ota-ku, Tokyo Japan Road Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mitsuhiro Sato 3-13-1, Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Yuraku Building Taisei Rotec Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuo Matsuzaki 2-10-9 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Nihonkai Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroshi Nakano 2-10-9 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Nihon Maritime Construction Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. In a coastal structure in which a caisson is placed on a foundation constructed on the seabed, a lid member for covering the filling material filling the internal compartment of the caisson is provided. A caisson filling material protection lid constructed by casting asphalt mixture at a caisson construction site. 2. A caisson with a wave-dissipating structure, which is formed by arranging the wave-dissipating structure on the sea side, and a lid member, which constitutes the lower surface of the wave-dissipating structure, is struck with asphalt mixture in water. The caisson filling material protection lid according to claim 1, which is constructed by: 3. A coastal structure in which a caisson is placed on a foundation constructed on the seabed, and a lid member for covering the filling material filling the internal compartment of the caisson, A caisson filling material protection cover, which is made of an asphalt mat or sheet member, and is constructed by placing concrete or asphalt mixture in the field to press and hold the end of the mat or sheet.